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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\u3068\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u8ab2\u3059\u304b\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u5b9a\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08finite verb\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3084\u6642\u5236\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff08bare infinitive\uff09\u3092\u5fc5\u9808\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u5236\u9650\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u4ecb\u5728\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u8a9e\u9806\u898f\u5247\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u76f8\u4e92\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u5236\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u300c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u524d\u306b\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u88dc\u52a9\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u300d\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08central modal auxiliaries\uff09\u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7bc4\u7587\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff08bare infinitive\uff09\u306e\u307f\u3092\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7279\u6027\u3092\u6709\u3059\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5358\u6570\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u8a9e\u5c3e\uff08-s\uff09\u3092\u3068\u3089\u305a\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u3084\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u7d71\u8a9e\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u7bc0\uff08clause\uff09\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b9a\u52d5\u8a5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u5360\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306b\u9650\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u8d77\u5236\u9650\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u6642\u5236\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6cd5\uff08mood\uff09\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3068\u3001\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u69d8\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u304d\u305f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08can, may, must, shall, will, should, would, could, might\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u57fa\u5e95\u7684\u306a\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u539f\u5f62\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u526f\u8a5e\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306a\u3069\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u304c\u53ca\u3076\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5883\u754c\uff08verb phrase boundary\uff09\u3092\u753b\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8907\u6570\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u9023\u7d9a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4e00\u65b9\u307e\u305f\u306f\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08semi-auxiliary\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u8ff0\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8ff7\u3044\u306a\u304f\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The environmental regulatory agency must implement comprehensive monitoring protocols immediately.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;The environmental regulatory agency&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;implement&#8221; \u3068\u305d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e &#8220;comprehensive monitoring protocols&#8221; \u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u306f\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5358\u6570\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3082\u8a9e\u5c3e\u5909\u5316\u3092\u751f\u3058\u3055\u305b\u305a\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e &#8220;implement&#8221; \u3092\u652f\u914d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Advanced automated systems will, under standard operational circumstances, maintain stable network connectivity.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;maintain&#8221; \u306e\u9593\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;under standard operational circumstances&#8221; \u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u633f\u5165\u53e5\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3082 &#8220;will&#8221; \u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u539f\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;maintain&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8ff0\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u5bf8\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u4fdd\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The international research consortium will must obtain official authorization before commencing the field trials.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: &#8220;will must&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u672a\u6765\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u8a31\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u975e\u5b9a\u5f62\uff08\u5206\u8a5e\u3084\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 &#8220;must&#8221; \u3092\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u6301\u3064\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;have to&#8221; \u306b\u7f6e\u63db\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The international research consortium will have to obtain official authorization before commencing the field trials.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Theoretical quantum physicists can hardly predict the precise behavior of entangled subatomic particles.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;can&#8221; \u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;predict&#8221; \u306e\u9593\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;hardly&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4ecb\u5165\u304c\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306f\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3001\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e &#8220;predict&#8221; \u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u5236\u9650\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u30fb\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u633f\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3068\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u3084\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e not \u3092\u9069\u5f53\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u5165\u308c\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8a9e\u9806\u3092\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u5909\u5f62\u300d\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e &#8220;not&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4ed8\u52a0\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08syntactic host\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff08negation scope\uff09\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u8db3\u5834\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e &#8220;not&#8221; \u306f\u5e38\u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7e2e\u7d04\u5f62\uff08cliticized form\uff09\u3092\u3068\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u306b\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u7bc0\u306e\u5148\u982d\uff08\u88dc\u6587\u6a19\u8b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u3078\u3068\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff08Subject-Auxiliary Inversion: SAI\uff09\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u6587\u526f\u8a5e\u3084\u983b\u5ea6\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u304b\u3064\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u512a\u5148\u7684\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u898f\u5247\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u898f\u5247\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u7bc4\u56f2\u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3092\u8aa4\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u5371\u967a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u4ecb\u5728\u3059\u308b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e &#8220;not&#8221; \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u307f\u3092\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u9806\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u524d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u526f\u8a5e\uff08always, certainly, scarcely \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8868\u3059\u547d\u984c\u7684\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Economic analysts can not accurately forecast the long-term impacts of unexpected monetary fluctuations.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;can&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e &#8220;not&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u539f\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;forecast&#8221; \u306b\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;accurately&#8221; \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u306f &#8220;can&#8221; \u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u30fb\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u547d\u984c\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u300c\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5168\u5426\u5b9a\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Should international financial institutions intervene when developing nations experience severe currency depreciation?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;Should&#8221; \u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;international financial institutions&#8221; \u306e\u524d\u65b9\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3001\u7591\u554f\u6587\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u306f\u539f\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;intervene&#8221; \u304c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8ff0\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u304c\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The parliamentary committee does not must approve the proposed administrative revisions without further deliberation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b &#8220;do not&#8221; \u3092\u524d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u62c5\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;do&#8221; \u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b &#8220;not&#8221; \u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u304b\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5f62\u3078\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The parliamentary committee must not approve the proposed administrative revisions without further deliberation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Scientific investigators could definitely demonstrate the direct causal connection through repeated clinical experiments.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3092\u8868\u3059\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;definitely&#8221; \u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;demonstrate&#8221; \u306e\u4e2d\u9593\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u547d\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u78ba\u4fe1\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u914d\u7f6e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7591\u554f\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08semi-auxiliaries\uff09\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u8b58\u5225<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u8868\u73fe\u7fa4\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u591a\u6570\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u985e\u4f3c\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. be able to \/ have to \/ be going to \u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3059\u308b\u969b\u300cbe able to \u306f can \u306e\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3001have to \u306f must \u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u540c\u7fa9\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u3068\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u8996\u3059\u308b\u7406\u89e3\u306f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002be able to, have to, be going to \u306b\u4ee3\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08semi-auxiliaries \/ periphrastic modals\uff09\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8272\u6fc3\u304f\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4eba\u79f0\u30fb\u6570\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u5f62\u614b\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3001\u6642\u5236\u5909\u5316\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u30fb\u672a\u6765\u5f62\uff09\u3084\u5206\u8a5e\u30fb\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u5f62\u614b\u5909\u5316\u3092\u6301\u305f\u305a\u3001\u5b9a\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3057\u304b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8907\u5408\u7684\u306a\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3067\u304d\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u8907\u5408\u6642\u5236\u3084\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aad\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u82f1\u6587\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u9069\u78ba\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5f62\u614b\u5909\u5316\uff08be\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3001have \u306e\u4eba\u79f0\u5909\u5316\uff09\u306e\u6709\u7121\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3084\u5206\u8a5e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u6642\u5236\u3068\u6cd5\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u591a\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u8ff0\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Autonomous navigation systems are able to recalculate optimal trajectories in response to sudden atmospheric changes.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;Autonomous navigation systems&#8221; \u306e\u8907\u6570\u5f62\u614b\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066 be\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c &#8220;are&#8221; \u3068\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e &#8220;able&#8221; \u3068 &#8220;to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e&#8221; \u304c\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8907\u5408\u4f53\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u898f\u5247\u304c\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3067\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The municipal government has had to restructure its budgetary allocations to address unprecedented infrastructural decay.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62 &#8220;has had&#8221; \u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b &#8220;have to&#8221; \u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u5f62 &#8220;had to&#8221; \u304c\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u304c\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The engineering team will can complete the structural assessment within the prescribed timeline.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u672a\u6765\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u76f4\u63a5 &#8220;can&#8221; \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u539f\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;be able to&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The engineering team will be able to complete the structural assessment within the prescribed timeline.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Epidemiological researchers were going to publish preliminary findings before unexpected data inconsistencies emerged.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u904e\u53bb\u9032\u884c\u5f62\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u5f62\u614b &#8220;were going to&#8221; \u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u8907\u6570\u5f62\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u610f\u56f3\u30fb\u4e88\u5b9a\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u539f\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;publish&#8221; \u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8907\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3068\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. used to \/ ought to \/ dare \/ need \u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">used to, ought to, dare, need \u306a\u3069\u306e\u5883\u754c\u7684\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08marginal modals \/ semi-modal auxiliaries\uff09\u306f\u300c\u898f\u5247\u304c\u3042\u3044\u307e\u3044\u306a\u4f8b\u5916\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8efd\u8996\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u3067 not \u3092\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u7591\u554f\u6587\u3067\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u524d\u306b\u51fa\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3001\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u30fb\u7591\u554f\u6587\u3067 do-support \u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u53d6\u308b\uff09\u304c\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u5171\u5b58\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5206\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7bc4\u7587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001ought to \u306f\u5e38\u306b to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u306f ought \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\uff08ought not to\uff09\u3001need \u3084 dare \u306f\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u30fb\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u5e73\u53d9\u6587\u3067\u306f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3046\u50be\u5411\u304c\u5f37\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u6027\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3066\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5165\u8a66\u306e\u6b63\u8aa4\u5224\u5b9a\u3084\u6574\u5e8f\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5883\u754c\u7684\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\uff08need, dare \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f do-support\uff08do not, does not \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff08bare infinitive\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4eba\u79f0\u30fb\u6570\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5358\u6570\u73fe\u5728\u8a9e\u5c3e\uff08-s\uff09\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u304c\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;International regulatory frameworks ought not to ignore the socio-economic implications of rapid technological transitions.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;ought&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e &#8220;not&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b &#8220;to ignore&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046 to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c &#8220;ought&#8221; \u3068 &#8220;to&#8221; \u306e\u4e2d\u9593\u9699\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u306e\u8981\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Theoretical physicists need not modify fundamental physical constants to account for these localized anomalies.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;Theoretical physicists&#8221; \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001&#8221;need&#8221; \u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e &#8220;not&#8221; \u3092\u5f93\u3048\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e &#8220;modify&#8221; \u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f &#8220;need&#8221; \u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The junior laboratory assistant does not need follow every procedural protocol without critical evaluation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u7528\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f &#8220;does not need&#8221; \u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;follow&#8221; \u306e\u307e\u307e\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u6df7\u540c\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066 &#8220;do not need&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306b to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f &#8220;need not follow&#8221; \u3068\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The junior laboratory assistant does not need to follow every procedural protocol without critical evaluation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Few empirical researchers dare challenge the established academic consensus without overwhelming experimental evidence.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u542b\u3080\u4e3b\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;Few empirical researchers&#8221; \u306b\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3001&#8221;dare&#8221; \u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e &#8220;challenge&#8221; \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5883\u754c\u7684\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u30fb\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u30fb\u9032\u884c\u5f62\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d50\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\uff08have + p.p.\uff09\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff08be + p.p.\uff09\u3001\u9032\u884c\u5f62\uff08be + -ing\uff09\u3068\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u898f\u5247\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u8ff0\u90e8\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u30fb\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0bhave\uff0b\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0bhave\uff0b\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u300d\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u516c\u5f0f\u300d\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u6697\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u7d71\u8a9e\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u5b9a\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u5236\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u305f\u307e\u307e\u3001\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\uff08perfect aspect\uff09\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u3080\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u300c\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u300d\u306e\u8996\u5ea7\u304b\u3089\u300c\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u30fb\u72b6\u614b\u300d\u3092\u9061\u53ca\u7684\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308b &#8220;have&#8221; \u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5e38\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u3068\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4eba\u79f0\u3084\u6570\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5909\u5316\uff08has\uff09\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u91cf\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u4e0d\u5c65\u884c\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0bhave\uff0b\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u300d\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u9069\u78ba\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u306e &#8220;have&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001&#8221;have&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u5f62\uff08p.p.\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u6642\u5236\uff08\u767a\u8a71\u6642\uff09\u3068\u88ab\u4fee\u98fe\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u751f\u8d77\u6642\u5236\uff08\u5148\u884c\u6642\uff09\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e &#8220;been&#8221; \u3084\u9032\u884c\u5f62\u306e &#8220;been -ing&#8221; \u304c\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u6df1\u3055\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u591a\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u6642\u5236\u30fb\u76f8\u30fb\u6cd5\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Geological formations in this region must have undergone substantial tectonic deformation over millions of years.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u306b\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;have&#8221; \u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e &#8220;undergone&#8221; \u304c\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u5730\u6bbb\u5909\u52d5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5148\u884c\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u306b\u63a8\u91cf\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The ancient civilization might have possessed advanced metallurgical techniques unknown to contemporary historians.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;might&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8 &#8220;have possessed&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6280\u8853\u4fdd\u6301\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u6642\u70b9\u306e\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The experimental apparatus should has recorded the thermal fluctuations during the combustion phase.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;The experimental apparatus&#8221; \u304c\u5358\u6570\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u308d\u306e &#8220;have&#8221; \u3092 &#8220;has&#8221; \u306b\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4eba\u79f0\u3084\u6570\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u5e38\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001&#8221;has&#8221; \u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u5bb9\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The experimental apparatus should have recorded the thermal fluctuations during the combustion phase.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Archaeological excavators could have uncovered the foundational structures if inclement weather had not halted operations.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u3068\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8 &#8220;have uncovered&#8221; \u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0 &#8220;if inclement weather had not halted operations&#8221; \u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u7bc0\uff09\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u7d20\u6750\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0bhave\uff0b\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u300d\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u904b\u7528\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0bbe\uff0b\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e\uff0f\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u69cb\u9020<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u9032\u884c\u76f8\uff08be + -ing\uff09\u3084\u53d7\u52d5\u76f8\uff08be + p.p.\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u305f\u8ff0\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e26\u3093\u3067\u3044\u3066\u610f\u5473\u304c\u63b4\u3081\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6df7\u4e71\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08Verb Phrase\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u76f8\u304a\u3088\u3073\u614b\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u9806\u5e8f\u306f\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u968e\u5c64\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e \uff1e \u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\uff08have + p.p.\uff09\uff1e \u9032\u884c\u76f8\uff08be + -ing\uff09\uff1e \u53d7\u52d5\u76f8\uff08be + p.p.\uff09\uff1e \u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3002\u5404\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u8981\u7d20\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5f62\u614b\uff08\u539f\u5f62\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u9023\u9396\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u8907\u96d1\u306b\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3069\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u76f8\u3084\u614b\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u9032\u884c\u4e2d\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u3092\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u8907\u5408\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u5206\u6790\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08be \u307e\u305f\u306f have\uff09\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u5de6\u304b\u3089\u53f3\u3078\u3068\u9806\u6b21\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u3001\u5b8c\u4e86\uff08have\uff09\u3001\u9032\u884c\uff08be + -ing\uff09\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\uff08be + p.p.\uff09\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u7a4d\u307f\u91cd\u306a\u308a\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u5c3e\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5f79\u5272\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u307e\u305f\u306f\u72b6\u614b\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u614b\uff08\u80fd\u52d5\u304b\u53d7\u52d5\u304b\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u8ff0\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Critical philosophical manuscripts must be preserved under strictly controlled atmospheric conditions.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;be&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e &#8220;preserved&#8221; \u304c\u7d9a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u300d\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;manuscripts&#8221; \u306f\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u52d5\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u4fdd\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Marine biologists may be currently investigating the migration patterns of deep-sea species in polar regions.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;may&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;be&#8221; \u304c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;currently&#8221; \u3092\u631f\u3093\u3067\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e &#8220;investigating&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u300d\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The obsolete administrative protocols should being replaced by more streamlined procedures immediately.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;should&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e &#8220;being&#8221; \u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;be&#8221; \u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002&#8221;being&#8221; \u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u306b\u306f\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\uff08have been\uff09\u7b49\u306e\u4ecb\u5728\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The obsolete administrative protocols should be replaced by more streamlined procedures immediately.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Several ancient maritime vessels might have been being restored before the municipal preservation funding was withdrawn.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;might&#8221; \uff1e \u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8 &#8220;have been&#8221; \uff1e \u9032\u884c\u76f8 &#8220;being&#8221; \uff1e \u53d7\u52d5\u76f8 &#8220;restored&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u5e8f\u5217\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4fee\u5fa9\u4e2d\u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u4e8b\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u95a2\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u8907\u5408\u7684\u8ff0\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u578b\u3068\u6587\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4ecb\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u5883\u754c\u304c\u898b\u3048\u306b\u304f\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7b2c1\u6587\u578b\u304b\u3089\u7b2c5\u6587\u578b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u578b\u5224\u5b9a\u306b\u8ff7\u3044\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u6587\u578b\u69cb\u9020\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8ff0\u90e8\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u306b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6587\u578b\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u95a2\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u672c5\u6587\u578b\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5165\u308b\u3068\u6587\u578b\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u305f\u3081\u6587\u578b\u304c\u8907\u96d1\u5316\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8aa4\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u57fa\u672c5\u6587\u578b\uff08SV, SVC, SVO, SVOO, SVOC\uff09\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6a29\u3092\u63e1\u308b\u306e\u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u81ea\u8eab\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08main verb\uff09\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d71\u8a9e\u7279\u6027\uff08argument structure\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6642\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u7bc4\u7587\uff08functional category\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\uff08subcategorization frame\uff09\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6539\u5909\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u6587\u578b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u969c\u5bb3\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8ff0\u90e8\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62ec\u308a\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\uff08valency\uff09\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6587\u578b\u5224\u5b9a\u306e\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u81ea\u7acb\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3001\u610f\u5473\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u6b6a\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u578b\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u304b\u3064\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u308c\u306b\u4ed8\u968f\u3059\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\uff08have, be \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u30fb\u62ec\u5f27\u306b\u5165\u308c\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u672b\u5c3e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300c\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u300d\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08O\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08C\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u578b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u306b\u6587\u578b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08SV\uff09: &#8220;Unprecedented social and economic crises may arise during periods of rapid technological transition.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;may&#8221; \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;arise&#8221; \u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b &#8220;during periods&#8230;&#8221; \u306f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e M\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6587\u578b\u306f\u7b2c1\u6587\u578b\uff08SV\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08SVC\uff09: &#8220;The proposed constitutional amendments might remain highly controversial among legal scholars.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;might&#8221; \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;remain&#8221; \u306f\u9023\u7d50\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08copula\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;highly controversial&#8221; \u3092\u4e3b\u683c\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08C\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6587\u578b\u306f\u7b2c2\u6587\u578b\uff08SVC\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The senior administrative official should consider the newly submitted proposal favorably.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;should&#8221; \u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306b\u3088\u308a\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5ef6\u9577\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b &#8220;the newly submitted proposal&#8221; \u3068 &#8220;favorably&#8221; \u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08OC\uff09\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u7b2c5\u6587\u578b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u672c\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;consider&#8221; \u306f\u3053\u306e\u6587\u8108\u8108\u3067\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e &#8220;the newly submitted proposal&#8221; \u3092\u53d6\u308a\u3001&#8221;favorably&#8221; \u306f\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u526f\u8a5e\uff08M\uff09\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7b2c3\u6587\u578b\uff08SVO + M\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u6587\u578b: \u7b2c3\u6587\u578b\uff08SVO\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08SVOC\uff09: &#8220;Rigorous statistical analysis will prove the initial meteorological hypothesis completely incorrect.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;prove&#8221; \u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;the initial meteorological hypothesis&#8221; \u3068\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u88dc\u8a9e &#8220;completely incorrect&#8221; \u3092\u5f93\u3048\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08hypothesis = incorrect\uff09\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u7b2c5\u6587\u578b\uff08SVOC\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u578b\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u30fb\u4f7f\u5f79\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3084\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u305f\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3084\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u4e0d\u660e\u77ad\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8aad\u89e3\u4e0a\u306e\u56f0\u96e3\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306f\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3078\u3068\u7e70\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3082\u305d\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u306f\u4e0d\u5909\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7b2c4\u6587\u578b\uff08SVOO\uff09\u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3067\u306f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u3072\u3068\u3064\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3078\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3001\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8ff0\u90e8\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u6b8b\u7559\u3059\u308b\uff08S + aux + be p.p. + O\uff09\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u7b2c5\u6587\u578b\uff08SVOC\uff09\u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3067\u306f\u88dc\u8a9e\u304c\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u6b8b\u7559\u3057\u3066\u7b2c2\u6587\u578b\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\uff08S + aux + be p.p. + C\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08make, let, have \u7b49\uff09\u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e\u539f\u5f62\uff0bO\uff0b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff08C\uff09\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u8ee2\u63db\u898f\u5247\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3066\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u5e30\u5c5e\u5148\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3084\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u6587\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u7d9a\u304f &#8220;be + p.p.&#8221; \u307e\u305f\u306f\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u614b\uff08\u53d7\u52d5\u304b\u80fd\u52d5\u304b\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4f7f\u5f79\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5143\u306e\u6587\u578b\uff08SVOO \u307e\u305f\u306f SVOC\uff09\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u6b8b\u7559\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08O\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08C\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f7f\u5f79\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u6b21\u7684\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08nexus\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Promising graduate researchers must be granted sufficient financial subsidies to pursue advanced scientific inquiries.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u306b\u53d7\u52d5\u614b &#8220;be granted&#8221; \u304c\u7d9a\u304d\u3001\u7b2c4\u6587\u578b\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3042\u305f\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;sufficient financial subsidies&#8221; \u304c\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u6b8b\u7559\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u53d7\u52d5\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308a\u306a\u304c\u3089\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3072\u3068\u3064\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The revolutionary cosmological model could be judged extraordinarily accurate by peer reviewers.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u3068\u53d7\u52d5\u614b &#8220;be judged&#8221; \u306b\u7d9a\u304d\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;extraordinarily accurate&#8221; \u304c\u4e3b\u683c\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08C\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u7559\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5143\u6765\u306e\u7b2c5\u6587\u578b\uff08judge O C\uff09\u304b\u3089\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The authoritarian regime might make political dissidents to confess fictitious crimes publicly.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;might&#8221; \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;make&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u969b\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b to\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u633f\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;make&#8221; \u306e\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08C\uff09\u306b\u306f\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The authoritarian regime might make political dissidents confess fictitious crimes publicly.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Institutional ethics boards should let independent monitors evaluate the procedural fairness of clinical trials.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;should&#8221; \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u4f7f\u5f79\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;let&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e &#8220;independent monitors&#8221; \u3068\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;evaluate the procedural fairness&#8230;&#8221; \u304c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7684\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4f7f\u5f79\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u7279\u6b8a\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u5012\u7f6e\u30fb\u7701\u7565<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u3084\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\uff08VP-ellipsis\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u69cb\u6587\u6210\u7acb\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u3001\u5909\u5f62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5012\u7f6e\uff08So \/ Neither \/ Nor\u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u51fa\u308b\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5358\u306b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u5012\u7f6e\u300d\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\u8868\u73fe\uff08not only, never, seldom, scarcely, rarely, under no circumstances \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u5f37\u8abf\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6587\u982d\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u52d5\u8a5e\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u524d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u307f\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u524d\u65b9\u306b\u7e70\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u300c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u5012\u7f6e\uff08Subject-Auxiliary Inversion: SAI\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u64cd\u4f5c\u306f\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6a5f\u69cb\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u52d5\u8a5e\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;do&#8221; \u304c\u4ee3\u884c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306b\u540c\u8abf\u3059\u308b &#8220;So + \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e + S&#8221; \u3084 &#8220;Neither \/ Nor + \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e + S&#8221; \u3082\u3053\u306e SAI \u306e\u4e00\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u898f\u5247\u6027\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u8a9e\u9806\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u4e3b\u8ff0\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u95a2\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5426\u5b9a\u526f\u8a5e\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f &#8220;So \/ Neither \/ Nor&#8221; \u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08S\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\u539f\u5f62\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5012\u7f6e\u524d\u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u7684\u8a9e\u9806\uff08S + \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e + V\uff09\u3078\u3068\u8133\u5185\u3067\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5f37\u8abf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Under no circumstances should corporate executives conceal critical financial deficits from regulatory authorities.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;Under no circumstances&#8221; \u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;should&#8221; \u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;corporate executives&#8221; \u306e\u524d\u65b9\u306b\u5012\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u306f\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;conceal&#8221; \u304c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Seldom could contemporary anthropological researchers observe such untouched tribal customs directly.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u983b\u5ea6\u5426\u5b9a\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;Seldom&#8221; \u306e\u6587\u982d\u524d\u7f6e\u306b\u4f34\u3044\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;contemporary anthropological researchers&#8221; \u306e\u524d\u306b\u5012\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u539f\u5f62 &#8220;observe&#8221; \u304c\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Not only the theoretical framework was flawed, but also the empirical data were completely fabricated.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u6587\u982d\u306b &#8220;Not only&#8221; \u304c\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08be\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u306e\u5012\u7f6e\u3092\u884c\u308f\u305a\u306b\u5e73\u53d9\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u9806\u306e\u307e\u307e\u653e\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\u8868\u73fe &#8220;Not only&#8221; \u304c\u6587\u982d\u3092\u5360\u3081\u308b\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u5b9a\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08be\u52d5\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u306e\u5012\u7f6e\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u7fa9\u52d9\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;Not only was the theoretical framework flawed, but also the empirical data were completely fabricated.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The primary experimental results did not confirm the hypothesis, nor could subsequent auxiliary trials reproduce the phenomena.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e &#8220;nor&#8221; \u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u7bc0\u5185\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;subsequent auxiliary trials&#8221; \u306e\u524d\u65b9\u306b\u5012\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u539f\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;reproduce&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u5012\u7f6e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u540c\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u56de\u907f\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\uff08VP-ellipsis\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\uff08Verb Phrase Ellipsis: VP-ellipsis\uff09\u3084\u4ee3\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08pro-form\uff09\u306e\u7528\u6cd5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u6587\u672b\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4ed8\u3051\u8db3\u3057\u300d\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u4f53\u7cfb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u7701\u7565\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff08stranding\uff09\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5e83\u304f\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u69cb\u6587\uff08than \u3084 as \u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u7bc0\uff09\u3084\u4ed8\u52a0\u7591\u554f\u6587\uff08tag questions\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u4e00\u8eab\u306b\u80cc\u8ca0\u3063\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7701\u7565\u6a5f\u69cb\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306e\u77ed\u3044\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u4f5c\u30fb\u72b6\u614b\u30fb\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u5206\u6790\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u672b\u3084\u7bc0\u672b\u306b\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u7701\u7565\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u304b\u3089\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3064\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u30fb\u88dc\u8a9e\u30fb\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u30fb\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u7701\u7565\u7b87\u6240\u306b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u7bc0\u3068\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u6642\u5236\u30fb\u6cd5\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u547d\u984c\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Although the chief financial officer could not attend the preliminary briefing, the senior auditor certainly could.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u7bc0\u672b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;attend the preliminary briefing&#8221; \u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4ee3\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Developed industrial nations consume far more energy resources per capita than developing economies do.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6bd4\u8f03\u69cb\u6587\u306e &#8220;than&#8221; \u7bc0\u5185\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4ee3\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;do&#8221; \u304c\u5148\u884c\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;consume energy resources per capita&#8221; \u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3057\u3001\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The primary experimental group exhibited significant behavioural improvements, but the control group did not exhibited.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\u4ee3\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09&#8221;did not&#8221; \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u7bc0\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;exhibited&#8221; \u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u5fa9\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u7701\u7565\u3092\u884c\u3046\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8131\u843d\u3055\u305b\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The primary experimental group exhibited significant behavioural improvements, but the control group did not.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The revised computational simulation should yield identical outcomes under these conditions, and it certainly will.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u7b49\u4f4d\u7bc0\u306e\u672b\u5c3e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;yield identical outcomes under these conditions&#8221; \u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u4e88\u6e2c\u30fb\u78ba\u4fe1\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u307f\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5fa9\u5143\u3068\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M13] \u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u30fb\u5f37\u8abf\u5012\u7f6e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u8b58\u5225<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5012\u7f6e\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u5012\u7f6e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u6574\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M39] \u7701\u7565\u3068\u4ee3\u7528\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8ac7\u8a71\u5185\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u30fb\u4ee3\u7528\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u56de\u5fa9\u624b\u9806<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M17] \u7701\u7565\u30fb\u5012\u7f6e\u30fb\u5f37\u8abf\u3068\u7279\u6b8a\u69cb\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u95a2\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7701\u7565\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u610f\u5473\uff1a\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8868\u3059\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u8aa4\u8aad\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u8981\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08deontic \/ root modality\uff09\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08epistemic modality\uff09\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306f\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u8a31\u53ef\u3001\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u610f\u5fd7\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u73fe\u5b9f\u4e16\u754c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u5b9f\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3084\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306f\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u547d\u984c\u304c\u771f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u306e\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3084\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8ab2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08can, may, must, should, will\u7b49\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7d71\u8a9e\u5c64\u3067\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u628a\u63e1\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5404\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u6642\u5236\u30fb\u76f8\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7684\u504f\u308a\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u3084\u7591\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u610f\u5473\u5909\u5316\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u610f\u5473\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u80fd\u529b\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7528\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u767a\u8a71\u610f\u56f3\u3084\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u914d\u616e\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. can \/ could \u306e\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">can \u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62 could \u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u300c\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u300d\u300c\u63a8\u91cf\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u306e\u78ba\u304b\u3089\u3057\u3055\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u610f\u5473\u307e\u3067\u5e45\u5e83\u304f\u904b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001can \/ could \u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8b58\u5225\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u80fd\u529b\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\uff08\u6839\u6e90\u7684\uff09\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\uff09\u306e\u5224\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b can \u306f\u300c\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u9762\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 can \u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u5185\u5728\u3059\u308b\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u80fd\u529b\uff08ability\uff09\u300d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u898f\u5247\u3084\u72b6\u6cc1\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u884c\u52d5\u304c\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\uff08permission\uff09\u300d\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08theoretical possibility\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u7279\u306b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059 can \u306f\u3001\u500b\u5225\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u30fb\u6f5c\u5728\u529b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3084\u7dcf\u79f0\u540d\u8a5e\uff08generic noun\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u9ad8\u983b\u5ea6\u3067\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u3084\u8a31\u53ef\u3068\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3001\u8ad6\u65e8\u3092\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001can \u306e\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u6709\u751f\u7269\uff08\u4eba\u9593\u306a\u3069\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u3068\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u9042\u884c\u306e\u53ef\u5426\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08\u80fd\u529b\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\uff09\u3001\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u30fb\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b can \u306f\u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u300c\u4eca\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u500b\u5225\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u306b\u306f may \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001can \u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u304c\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u80fd\u529b\uff09: &#8220;Trained multilingual translators can interpret complex diplomatic negotiations with high precision.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;Trained multilingual translators&#8221; \u306f\u4eba\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8a13\u7df4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7372\u5f97\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u5929\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u8a31\u53ef\uff09: &#8220;Accredited foreign journalists can access the official press archive during designated working hours.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u898f\u5247\u3084\u8a8d\u53ef\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u8a18\u8005\u304c\u8cc7\u6599\u5ba4\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u89e3\u9664\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Extended exposure to elevated noise levels can cause permanent neurological impairments.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: can \u3092\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u76f4\u8a33\u3057\u3001\u9a12\u97f3\u304c\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u7121\u751f\u7269\uff08\u9a12\u97f3\u3078\u306e\u66dd\u9732\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306f\u9a12\u97f3\u304c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u306b\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u5f97\u308b\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30fb\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u9a12\u97f3\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306b\u9577\u671f\u9593\u66dd\u9732\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6052\u4e45\u7684\u306a\u795e\u7d4c\u5b66\u7684\u969c\u5bb3\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09: &#8220;Even meticulously calibrated laboratory instruments can produce slight measurement discrepancies.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u300c\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u6821\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6a5f\u5668\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8aa4\u5dee\u3092\u751f\u3058\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u4e8b\u7269\u3084\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u304c\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u5185\u5305\u3059\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u529b\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u304b\u3089 can \u306e\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. could \u306b\u3088\u308b\u73fe\u5728\u30fb\u672a\u6765\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">could \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5358\u306a\u308b can \u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\uff08\u301c\u3067\u304d\u305f\uff09\u300d\u3068\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u8aa4\u8a33\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002could \u306f\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u307e\u305f\u306f\u672a\u6765\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u300c\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u5f62\u614b\u306f\u6642\u9593\u7684\u306a\u904e\u53bb\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\uff08tentativeness \/ hypothetical distance\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001can \u3088\u308a\u3082\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u304f\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u6b21\u7b2c\u3067\u306f\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u5f97\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u542b\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\u6027\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u3092\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aa4\u8aad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u5371\u967a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001could \u304c\u8868\u3059\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u526f\u8a5e\uff08currently, in the future, tomorrow \u7b49\uff09\u3084\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306e\u6642\u5236\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u73fe\u5728\u30fb\u672a\u6765\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u500b\u5225\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u6210\u529f\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u306f could \u5358\u72ec\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f was\/were able to \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\uff08could \u306f\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u30fb\u672a\u6765\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b could \u3092\u300c\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3001\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3082\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6642\u5236\u3068\u6cd5\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u304c\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u80fd\u529b\uff09: &#8220;In the pre-industrial era, skilled master artisans could forge highly durable agricultural implements.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u6642\u9593\u8a2d\u5b9a &#8220;In the pre-industrial era&#8221; \u304c\u904e\u53bb\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u8077\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u304c\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u30fb\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u6280\u8853\u529b\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;The observed gravitational anomalies could indicate the presence of an undetected celestial body.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u89b3\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u7acb\u3066\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eee\u8aac\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u300c\u301c\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The stranded expedition team could reach the safety outpost after struggling through the blizzard for eight hours.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u731b\u5439\u96ea\u306e\u4e2d\u30928\u6642\u9593\u304b\u3051\u3066\u62e0\u70b9\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u500b\u5225\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u9054\u6210\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 could \u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5bb9\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e00\u56de\u9650\u308a\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u6210\u529f\u306b\u306f could \u306f\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u56f0\u96e3\u3092\u514b\u670d\u3057\u3066\u9054\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059 was\/were able to \u307e\u305f\u306f managed to \u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The stranded expedition team was able to reach the safety outpost after struggling through the blizzard for eight hours.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u4eee\u5b9a\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;Implementing stricter fiscal regulations could potentially prevent future banking crises.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u300c\u4eee\u306b\u3088\u308a\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u898f\u5236\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u5206\u6790\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001could \u304c\u6301\u3064\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u3068\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. may \/ might \u306e\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">may \u304a\u3088\u3073 might \u306f\u3001\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u304c\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u62b1\u304f\u300c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u300d\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u6a29\u5a01\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u300d\u3084\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u8b72\u6b69\u300d\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001may \/ might \u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u305f\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u8a31\u53ef\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\uff08\u6839\u6e90\u7684\uff09\u3068\u4e8b\u5b9f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\uff09\u306e\u5224\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">may \u3092\u898b\u304b\u3051\u305f\u969b\u306b\u300c\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u8a33\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 may \u304c\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\uff08permission\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u9762\u306f\u3001\u516c\u7684\u6587\u66f8\u3084\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6539\u307e\u3063\u305f\u767a\u8a71\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5165\u8a66\u9577\u6587\u3084\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u5727\u5012\u7684\u306b\u591a\u304f\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u547d\u984c\u304c\u771f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u78ba\u7387\u304c\u534a\u3005\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\uff08epistemic possibility: \u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\uff09\u300d\u306e\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u7bc0\u306b but \u3084 however \u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u300c\u78ba\u304b\u306b\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\uff08\u8b72\u6b69\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a5f\u80fd\u3082\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3053\u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8ab0\u304b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8a31\u53ef\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001may \u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u5185\u306b &#8220;may &#8230; but &#8230;&#8221; \u3084 &#8220;may &#8230; however &#8230;&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u30de\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\u3084\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u3067\u516c\u7684\u898f\u5247\u30fb\u5951\u7d04\u6761\u9805\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u6a29\u5a01\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e8b\u7269\u3084\u73fe\u8c61\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u898b\u901a\u3057\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u62c5\u4fdd\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u8a31\u53ef\uff09: &#8220;Authorized laboratory personnel may utilize the specialized electron microscope for designated research projects.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u8cc7\u683c\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8077\u54e1\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u5668\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u6a29\u9650\u3092\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;The archaeological artifacts discovered near the river basin may belong to a previously unrecorded civilization.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u907a\u7269\u304c\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u6587\u660e\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300150%\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3067\u63a8\u6e2c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The initial economic projections may be overly optimistic, but subsequent fiscal adjustments will stabilize the market.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: &#8220;may be&#8221; \u3092\u300c\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u697d\u89b3\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u306e &#8220;but&#8221; \u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9006\u63a5\u3068\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u5d29\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u5f8c\u7d9a\u7bc0\u306b &#8220;but&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u7bc0\u306e may \u306f\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\u8b72\u6b69\uff08\u78ba\u304b\u306b\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u5f53\u521d\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u4e88\u6e2c\u306f\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u697d\u89b3\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u8ca1\u653f\u8abf\u6574\u304c\u5e02\u5834\u3092\u5b89\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;Recent shifts in oceanic currents may profoundly alter regional precipitation patterns over the next decade.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u6d77\u6d41\u306e\u5909\u5316\u304c\u964d\u6c34\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u8005\u304c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u898b\u901a\u3057\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001may \u306e\u8a31\u53ef\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. might \u306b\u3088\u308b\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3068\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">might \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5358\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b may \u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u300d\u3068\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u7406\u89e3\u306f\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\uff08indirect speech\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b might \u306f\u3001may \u3088\u308a\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff08degree of certainty\uff09\u304c\u4f4e\u304f\u3001\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u3067\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5e0c\u8584\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u8a3c\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3001\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30e9\u30a4\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 might \u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u904b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u5dee\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5f37\u3044\u78ba\u8a3c\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4eee\u8aac\u7684\u793a\u5506\u306b\u3068\u3069\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\uff08stance\uff09\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8aa4\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001might \u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6642\u5236\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e3b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5f93\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u81ea\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001may\uff08\u534a\u3005\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3055\u3089\u306b\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u304c\u4f4e\u304f\u3001\u300c\u3072\u3087\u3063\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001might have p.p. \u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5e0c\u8584\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u300d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u8d77\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3078\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\uff08\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u304c\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\uff09: &#8220;Historical records indicated that the local population might resist the new tax imposition.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u7bc0\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;indicated&#8221;\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\uff09\u306b\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066 may \u304c might \u3078\u3068\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u300c\u4f4f\u6c11\u304c\u62b5\u6297\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;Alternative quantum interpretations might provide a more coherent explanation for these anomalous experimental outcomes.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u73fe\u5728\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u3088\u308a\u6574\u5408\u7684\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u3001\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3066\u6975\u3081\u3066\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The driver was completely uninjured, but he might die if the safety airbag had failed to deploy.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u4e8b\u6545\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5f7c\u306f\u6b7b\u306c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\uff08had failed\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306b\u306f might have died \u3068\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;The driver was completely uninjured, but he might have died if the safety airbag had failed to deploy.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u5e0c\u8584\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09: &#8220;Astronomers suggest that microscopic organic traces might exist beneath the icy crust of the Jovian moon.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u6728\u661f\u306e\u885b\u661f\u306e\u6c37\u6bbb\u4e0b\u306b\u6709\u6a5f\u7269\u306e\u75d5\u8de1\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6975\u3081\u3066\u614e\u91cd\u304b\u3064\u4eee\u8aac\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001might \u306e\u6642\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u304a\u3088\u3073\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u306e\u4f4e\u3044\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. must \/ have to \/ should \/ ought to \u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3068\u63a8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7fa9\u52d9\u3084\u5f53\u7136\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306f\u3001\u540c\u6642\u306b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u78ba\u4fe1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63a8\u91cf\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u4f75\u305b\u6301\u3064\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001must, have to, should, ought to \u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08\u6839\u6e90\u7684\uff09\u3068\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\uff09\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. must \/ have to \u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08\u6839\u6e90\u7684\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\uff09\u306e\u5224\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">must \u3092\u300c\u301c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u307f\u899a\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u3084\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u7b87\u6240\u3067\u6587\u610f\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002must \u306f\u300c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30fb\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u5f37\u3044\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08obligation\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u4e26\u3093\u3067\u3001\u300c\u8a3c\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u30fb\u5f37\u3044\u78ba\u4fe1\uff08logical necessity \/ epistemic certainty: \u301c\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5148\u884c\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u3001must \u306f\u307b\u307c\u4f8b\u5916\u306a\u304f\u300c\u301c\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001have to \u3082\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306b\u306f\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u304f\u3060\u3051\u305f\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3067\u306f\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u301c\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001must not \u304c\u300c\u301c\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\uff08\u7981\u6b62\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\uff08\u301c\u306e\u306f\u305a\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff09\u306b\u306f cannot \/ could not \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u4e8b\u9805\u3068\u8aa4\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001must \u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3068\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u72b6\u614b\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08be, exist, have, belong \u7b49\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08execute, comply, submit \u7b49\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\uff08\u72b6\u614b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u78ba\u7387\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u3044\uff09\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5185\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u30fb\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u8a3c\u62e0\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300c\u301c\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 must not\uff08\u7981\u6b62\uff09\u3068 cannot\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\u5426\u5b9a: \u301c\u306e\u306f\u305a\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff09\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u5206\u62c5\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u306e\u306a\u3044\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001must \u306e\u771f\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u7fa9\u52d9\uff09: &#8220;All participating medical institutions must adhere strictly to established international ethical protocols.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u53c2\u52a0\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u898f\u5247\u306e\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u9075\u5b88\u3092\u7fa9\u52d9\u3065\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;adhere&#8221;\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u305f\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;Given the immense geological pressure, the subterranean temperature must exceed several thousand degrees Celsius.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: &#8220;Given the immense geological pressure&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5730\u4e0b\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c\u6570\u5343\u5ea6\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\uff08\u301c\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The archival documentation is missing from the safe; the unauthorized intruder must not know the security code.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: must not \u3092\u300c\u6697\u53f7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7981\u6b62\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u76f4\u8a33\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7834\u7dbb\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u6587\u8108\u306f\u300c\u66f8\u985e\u304c\u91d1\u5eab\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u300c\u4fb5\u5165\u8005\u304c\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306f\u305a\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff08\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a8\u8ad6\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u3079\u304d\u7b87\u6240\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u306b\u306f cannot \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u306e\u63a8\u91cf must have known \u306b\u6539\u3081\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u4fb5\u5165\u8005\u304c\u6697\u53f7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306f\u305a\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff08cannot have been ignorant of\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;The ancient inscription is written in a sophisticated dialect; the author must have been a highly educated scribe.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u65b9\u8a00\u3067\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89b3\u5bdf\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8457\u8005\u304c\u6559\u990a\u3042\u308b\u66f8\u8a18\u5b98\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8eab\u5206\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u63a8\u91cf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u6839\u62e0\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f must \u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. should \/ ought to \u306e\u5f53\u7136\u30fb\u7fa9\u52d9\u3068\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u63a8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">should \u304a\u3088\u3073 ought to \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u301c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u300d\u3068\u306e\u307f\u8a18\u61b6\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e88\u6e2c\u3084\u671f\u5f85\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002should \/ ought to \u306f\u300c\u5f53\u7136\u306a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u63a8\u5968\uff08weak obligation \/ advisability\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3068\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u306b\u5f93\u3048\u3070\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u305d\u3046\u306a\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u9ad8\u3044\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u30fb\u59a5\u5f53\u306a\u671f\u5f85\uff08reasonable expectation \/ probability: \u5f53\u7136\u301c\u306e\u306f\u305a\u3060\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684 should \u306f must\uff08\u301c\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff09\u307b\u3069\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u5e38\u8b58\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u3066\u5341\u4e2d\u516b\u4e5d\u305d\u3046\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898b\u8fbc\u307f\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u9762\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u63a8\u79fb\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u306a\u8aac\u6559\u3084\u898f\u7bc4\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aa4\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001should \/ ought to \u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3068\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u3084\u4e8b\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e3b\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u5f53\u5426\u30fb\u6539\u5584\u7b56\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u63a8\u5968\uff09\u3001\u4e88\u5b9a\u3084\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u63a8\u91cf\uff09\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001&#8221;should have p.p.&#8221; \u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u301c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306b\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u4e0d\u5c65\u884c\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5f53\u7136\u301c\u3057\u305f\u306f\u305a\u3060\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\uff08but actually&#8230; \u7b49\uff09\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001should \u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u904b\u7528\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u63a8\u5968\uff09: &#8220;Urban planners should prioritize the expansion of public transportation networks over highway construction.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u753b\u8005\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u3079\u304d\u671b\u307e\u3057\u3044\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u91dd\u3092\u63a8\u5968\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u63d0\u6848\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u671f\u5f85\uff09: &#8220;If the laboratory analysis proceeded without technical disruption, the definitive test results should be available by tomorrow morning.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u5b9f\u9a13\u304c\u9806\u8abf\u306b\u9032\u3093\u3060\u306a\u3089\u3070\u5f53\u7136\u305d\u3046\u306a\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u301c\u306e\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The newly installed cooling system should prevent overheating, but the server room temperature continued to rise dangerously.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: should prevent \u3092\u300c\u904e\u71b1\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3001\u6a5f\u68b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u7406\u89e3\u306b\u9665\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u6a5f\u68b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3084\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\u300c\u5f53\u7136\u904e\u71b1\u3092\u9632\u3050\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u671f\u5f85\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u65b0\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u51b7\u5374\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u904e\u71b1\u3092\u5f53\u7136\u9632\u3050\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u5ba4\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u306f\u5371\u967a\u306a\u6c34\u6e96\u307e\u3067\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u305f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;With substantial demographic shifts underway, housing demand in suburban districts ought to increase steadily.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u4eba\u53e3\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u90ca\u5916\u306e\u4f4f\u5b85\u9700\u8981\u304c\u7740\u5b9f\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u84cb\u7136\u7684\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6027\u683c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f should \/ ought to \u306e\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. will \/ would \/ shall \u306e\u610f\u5fd7\u30fb\u7fd2\u6027\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">will, would, shall \u306f\u672a\u6765\u6642\u5236\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u306f\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u3084\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u300c\u610f\u5fd7\u300d\u300c\u7fd2\u6027\u30fb\u50be\u5411\u300d\u300c\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u4e88\u6e2c\u300d\u300c\u898f\u5247\u7684\u898f\u5247\u300d\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001will \/ would \/ shall \u306e\u591a\u9762\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u9069\u5207\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. will \/ would \u306e\u610f\u5fd7\u30fb\u7fd2\u6027\u30fb\u62d2\u7d76\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u672a\u6765\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">will \u3092\u300c\u5358\u306b\u672a\u6765\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u300d\u3068\u753b\u4e00\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002will \u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u56fa\u3044\u6c7a\u610f\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u610f\u5fd7\uff08volition\uff09\u300d\u3001\u4e8b\u7269\u3084\u4eba\u9593\u304c\u6301\u3064\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u30fb\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u306a\u50be\u5411\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u7fd2\u6027\u30fb\u50be\u5411\uff08characteristic habit \/ natural tendency\uff09\u300d\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5f37\u3044\u62d2\u7d76\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u62d2\u7d76\uff08refusal: \u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3082\u301c\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff09\u300d\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u8a3c\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u300c\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u4e88\u6e2c\uff08prediction: \u304d\u3063\u3068\u301c\u3060\u308d\u3046\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u5f62 would \u3082\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u610f\u5fd7\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u56fa\u57f7\u7684\u62d2\u7d76\uff08would not\uff09\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u306a\u7fd2\u6163\uff08often would: \u3088\u304f\u301c\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u7279\u306b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u4f34\u3046 will \/ would not\uff08\u30c9\u30a2\u304c\u958b\u304b\u306a\u3044\u7b49\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u3092\u64ec\u4eba\u5316\u3057\u3066\u62d2\u7d76\u30fb\u7fd2\u6027\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u6c72\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001will \/ would \u306e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u4eba\u9593\u3067\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u8868\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u300c\u610f\u5fd7\u300d\u306e\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u3067\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3092\u4f34\u3044 &#8220;will not \/ would not + \u52d5\u8a5e&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u300c\u62d2\u7d76\uff08\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3082\u301c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30fb\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff09\u300d\u306e\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u3084\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3060\uff08\u7fd2\u6027\uff09\u300d\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u672a\u6765\u4e88\u6e2c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001will \u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u304c\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u610f\u5fd7\u30fb\u62d2\u7d76\uff09: &#8220;Despite repeated diplomatic appeals, the authoritarian government would not release the detained human rights activists.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u904e\u53bb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u9811\u5f37\u306a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066\u3082\u89e3\u653e\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u62d2\u7d76\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u7fd2\u6027\u30fb\u50be\u5411\uff09: &#8220;Under intense pressure and elevated temperatures, brittle crystalline materials will fracture unpredictably.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u7d50\u6676\u6750\u6599\u304c\u904e\u9177\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u793a\u3059\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u50be\u5411\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u7fd2\u6027\u30fb\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Oil will float on water because of its lower relative density.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: will \u3092\u300c\u6cb9\u306f\u6c34\u306b\u6d6e\u304f\u3060\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u5358\u306a\u308b\u672a\u6765\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a33\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u5909\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5931\u308f\u305b\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u666e\u904d\u7684\u306a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b will \u306f\u3001\u672a\u6765\u6642\u5236\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4e8b\u7269\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3084\u7fd2\u6027\uff08\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3060\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u6cb9\u306f\u6bd4\u91cd\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6c34\u306b\u6d6e\u304f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;The courier left the central distribution hub hours ago, so the package will arrive before noon.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u914d\u9054\u54e1\u304c\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u6b63\u5348\u524d\u306b\u5230\u7740\u3059\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u4e88\u6e2c\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001will \/ would \u304c\u62c5\u3046\u610f\u5fd7\u30fb\u7fd2\u6027\u30fb\u62d2\u7d76\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u8aad\u89e3\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. would \u306b\u3088\u308b\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u898f\u5247\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\u3068\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">would \u304c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7fd2\u6163\u3092\u8868\u3059\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u3001\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u3084\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u8868\u3059\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u9593\u3067\u300c\u3044\u3064\u306e\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u8a71\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6df7\u4e71\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002would \u306f &#8220;used to&#8221; \u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u306a\u7fd2\u6163\uff08\u3088\u304f\u301c\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u6301\u3064\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u306b\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u305f\u300c\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08\u301c\u3060\u308d\u3046\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u4f75\u305b\u6301\u3064\u3002\u7279\u306b\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 &#8220;It would seem that&#8230;&#8221; \u3084 &#8220;One would expect that&#8230;&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b would \u306f\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u73fe\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u305f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u614e\u91cd\u3055\uff08hedging\uff09\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6642\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3068\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u533a\u5225\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u3068\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001would \u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u6642\u5236\u304c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7269\u8a9e\u30fb\u56de\u60f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u30fb\u8a55\u8ad6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 often, sometimes, always \u306a\u3069\u306e\u983b\u5ea6\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7fd2\u6163\uff08\u3088\u304f\u301c\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\uff09\u300d\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8a8d\u77e5\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08seem, appear, suggest \u7b49\uff09\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u4e3b\u5f35\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u9069\u5207\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7fd2\u6163\uff09: &#8220;During summer field research expeditions, the senior professor would often spend entire days cataloguing botanical specimens.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: &#8220;During summer field research expeditions&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u56de\u60f3\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u983b\u5ea6\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;often&#8221; \u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3001\u300c\u3088\u304f\u301c\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\uff09: &#8220;Based on these preliminary statistical patterns, it would be premature to dismiss the alternative hypothesis entirely.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u73fe\u5728\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u4ee3\u66ff\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u68c4\u5374\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6642\u671f\u5c1a\u65e9\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The ancient philosopher would walk in the academy gardens, discussing metaphysical questions with his disciples.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: would \u3092\u300c\u6b69\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u6b69\u3044\u305f\u3060\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u610f\u5fd7\u3084\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u63a8\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u53e4\u4ee3\u306e\u54f2\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u98a8\u666f\u3092\u53d9\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u53cd\u5fa9\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff08\u3088\u304f\u6b69\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u305d\u306e\u53e4\u4ee3\u306e\u54f2\u5b66\u8005\u306f\u3001\u5f1f\u5b50\u305f\u3061\u3068\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u5b66\u5712\u306e\u5ead\u3092\u3088\u304f\u6b69\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff09: &#8220;Any comprehensive restructuring of the fiscal framework would require extensive legislative consensus.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5206\u6790: \u300c\u8ca1\u653f\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u629c\u672c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u5408\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001would \u306e\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M26] \u6642\u5236\u30fb\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u610f\u5473<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 will \/ would \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6642\u5236\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3068\u610f\u5fd7\u30fb\u7fd2\u6163\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u76f8\u95a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M09] \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8a71\u8005\u306e\u614b\u5ea6\u8868\u660e\uff08\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b would \u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u30fb\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5c0e\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8a9e\u7528\uff1a\u8ac7\u8a71\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u8abf\u6574<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bfe\u8a71\u6587\u3084\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u307f\u306b\u4f9d\u62e0\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u8a33\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u914d\u616e\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u547d\u984c\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u3078\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u548c\u3089\u3052\u308b\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\u306e\u8abf\u7bc0\u3084\u3001\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u3059\u308b\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u88c5\u7f6e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u4f9d\u983c\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\u30fb\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3068\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3092\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u524d\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u4f53\u7cfb\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u8b58\u5225\u3001\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8ac7\u8a71\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3084\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u51e6\u7406\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u4f9d\u983c\u30fb\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52e7\u8a98<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u4f9d\u983c\u3084\u63d0\u6848\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8a71\u306e\u6163\u7528\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u3084\u5bfe\u8a71\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u767b\u5834\u4eba\u7269\u3084\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u7e4a\u7d30\u306a\u610f\u56f3\u306e\u5f37\u5f31\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4f9d\u983c\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\u30fb\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52e7\u8a98\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6301\u3064\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u3068\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u9069\u5207\u306a\u767a\u8a71\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u4f9d\u983c\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u5bfe\u4eba\u914d\u616e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u4f9d\u983c\u3084\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u300c\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u983c\u3093\u3060\u308a\u8a31\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6c7a\u307e\u308a\u6587\u53e5\u300d\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u7406\u8ad6\uff08speech act theory\uff09\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4f9d\u983c\u3084\u8a31\u53ef\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u306f\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u3092\u8ab2\u3059\u300c\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u4fb5\u5bb3\u884c\u70ba\uff08face-threatening act\uff09\u300d\u306b\u4ed6\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u8a00\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u76f8\u624b\u3078\u306e\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u3092\u5f31\u3081\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u304c\u62d2\u5426\u3059\u308b\u4f59\u5730\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u6b8b\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\uff08politeness\uff09\u3092\u62c5\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u547d\u4ee4\u3084\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8ab2\u3059\u8868\u73fe\u304b\u3089\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u3084\u90fd\u5408\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08Can you&#8230;? \/ Could you&#8230;?\uff09\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u610f\u5411\u3092\u4f3a\u3046\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08Would you&#8230;? \/ May I&#8230;?\uff09\u3078\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3059\u308b\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u529b\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u539f\u7406\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u516c\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3084\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u5bfe\u8a71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u656c\u610f\u3084\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6328\u62f6\u3068\u898b\u8aa4\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u771f\u5263\u5ea6\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u4f9d\u983c\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u610f\u56f3\u3068\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u306e\u6587\u8108\uff08\u8a71\u8005\u3068\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u30fb\u975e\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3001\u5834\u9762\u306e\u7dca\u6025\u6027\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u5f62 can \/ will \u304b\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62 could \/ would \u304b\u3001\u516c\u7684\u8a31\u53ef\u306e may \u304b\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u3068\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u300c\u62d2\u5426\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u300d\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\uff08\u5f37\u3044\u8981\u8acb\u304b\u3001\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u4f9d\u983c\u304b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6253\u8a3a\u304b\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u767a\u8a71\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Could you provide the comprehensive statistical dataset regarding regional demographic changes by tomorrow afternoon?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62 &#8220;Could&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\uff08\u4eee\u5b9a\u6027\uff09\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u5727\u529b\uff08\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u4fb5\u5bb3\uff09\u3092\u7de9\u548c\u3057\u3001\u516c\u7684\u304b\u3064\u4e01\u5be7\u306a\u4f9d\u983c\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;May the international research delegation examine the historical documentation preserved in the institutional archive?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;May&#8221; \u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e &#8220;the international research delegation&#8221; \u306e\u524d\u306b\u5012\u7f6e\u3055\u305b\u305f\u7591\u554f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u516c\u7684\u306a\u6a29\u5a01\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u5f0f\u306b\u8a31\u53ef\u3092\u7533\u8acb\u3059\u308b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u683c\u5f0f\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3059\u308b\u914d\u616e\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;You must immediately submit the revised experimental results to the department chair if you want them reviewed.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: must \u3092\u300c\u301c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u4f1d\u9054\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e must \u3092\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5834\u9762\u3067\u805e\u304d\u624b\uff08\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\uff09\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u547d\u4ee4\u6a29\u529b\u9650\u3092\u4e00\u65b9\u7684\u306b\u884c\u4f7f\u3059\u308b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5a01\u5727\u7684\u306a\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u7b49\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306e\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4e01\u5be7\u306a\u4f9d\u983c\u3084\u6307\u793a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001should \u3084 would need to \u306a\u3069\u306e\u7de9\u548c\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u3082\u3057\u5be9\u67fb\u3092\u5e0c\u671b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u5b66\u90e8\u9577\u3078\u3054\u63d0\u51fa\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff08\u5f37\u3044\u6307\u793a\u30fb\u62d8\u675f\u306e\u8868\u51fa\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Would you mind reviewing the preliminary draft of our collaborative research proposal before the final submission?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;Would you mind -ing&#8230;?&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u304c\u300c\u5acc\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u300d\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u9593\u63a5\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u62d2\u5426\u6a29\u3092\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306b\u5c0a\u91cd\u3057\u3001\u591a\u5fd9\u306a\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u3044\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\u3092\u8868\u3059\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4f9d\u983c\u3068\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u4eba\u914d\u616e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52e7\u8a98\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u76f8\u624b\u3078\u306e\u62d8\u675f\u529b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u4fc3\u3059\u63d0\u6848\u3084\u52a9\u8a00\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u3069\u308c\u3082\u4f3c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30a2\u30c9\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u3068\u753b\u4e00\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52e7\u8a98\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\uff08Shall we&#8230;? \/ Why don&#8217;t we&#8230;? \/ You should&#8230; \/ You might want to&#8230; \/ You had better&#8230;\uff09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306e\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff08imposition level\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 should \u306f\u300c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u306b\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6700\u3082\u59a5\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u63a8\u5968\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001had better \u306f\u300c\u305d\u306e\u6307\u793a\u306b\u5f93\u308f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u4e0d\u5229\u76ca\u3084\u5371\u6a5f\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b66\u544a\u3084\u5a01\u5727\u3092\u542b\u610f\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001You might want to&#8230; \u306f\u300c\u76f8\u624b\u304c\u671b\u3080\u306a\u3089\u305d\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u6a29\u3092\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u59d4\u306d\u308b\u6700\u3082\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u5dee\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u305b\u305a\u306b\u82f1\u6587\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8b66\u544a\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u89aa\u5207\u306a\u52a9\u8a00\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63d0\u6848\u3092\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u306a\u6307\u793a\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u898b\u8aa4\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u30fb\u52e7\u8a98\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u8868\u73fe\uff08should, had better, might want to, could \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8868\u73fe\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u6301\u3064\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u30fb\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6839\u62e0\u304c\u300c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u671b\u307e\u3057\u3055\uff08should\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u300c\u5dee\u3057\u8feb\u3063\u305f\u5371\u967a\u3078\u306e\u8b66\u544a\uff08had better\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6253\u8a3a\uff08could \/ might want to\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u8feb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u884c\u70ba\u62d8\u675f\u529b\uff08illocutionary force\uff09\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u5ea6\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u8a00\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u771f\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The environmental oversight committee should re-evaluate the emission thresholds based on the latest atmospheric data.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;should&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u306b\u59a5\u5f53\u306a\u884c\u52d5\u65b9\u91dd\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u63a8\u5968\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u306a\u547d\u4ee4\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5f37\u3044\u52a9\u8a00\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Given the imminent server shutdown, systems engineers had better backup the central database immediately.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;had better&#8221; \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u3068\u3089\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u55aa\u5931\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u640d\u5bb3\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7dca\u8feb\u3057\u305f\u8b66\u544a\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u305f\u3001\u56de\u907f\u4e0d\u80fd\u306a\u5371\u6a5f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3064\u767a\u8a71\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;You had better take an umbrella because it might rain later this afternoon.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: had better \u3092\u300c\u301c\u3057\u305f\u307b\u3046\u304c\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6c17\u8efd\u306a\u63d0\u6848\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5929\u5019\u306e\u6025\u5909\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u89aa\u5207\u5fc3\u304b\u3089\u306e\u52a9\u8a00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: had better \u306f\u300c\u5f93\u308f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u7834\u6ec5\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u62db\u304f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5a01\u5727\u7684\u306a\u542b\u610f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5348\u5f8c\u306e\u96e8\u3092\u61f8\u5ff5\u3059\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u8efd\u3044\u6587\u8108\u3067\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u904e\u5270\u3067\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u5a01\u5687\u97ff\u304d\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f should \u3084 might want to \u304c\u9069\u5207\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u5348\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u96e8\u304c\u964d\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5098\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u884c\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u5927\u5909\u306a\u76ee\u306b\u3042\u3046\u305e\uff08\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5a01\u5727\u306e\u767a\u751f\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Graduate students might want to consider alternative statistical models before finalizing their dissertation methodology.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;might want to&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u7de9\u548c\uff08might \u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u5316\uff0bwant \u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u767a\u6027\u306e\u5c0a\u91cd\uff09\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u54e1\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u81ea\u5f8b\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u5efa\u8a2d\u7684\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52a9\u8a00\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u63d0\u6848\u3084\u52a9\u8a00\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306f\u5358\u306b\u6614\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u5236\u7684\u306a\u7406\u89e3\u306e\u307f\u306b\u56fa\u57f7\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5bfe\u8a71\u3084\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u4eba\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u304c\u6301\u3064\u300c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u904e\u53bb\u300d\u304b\u3089\u300c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\uff08tentativeness\uff09\u300d\u3078\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u8ee2\u7528\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u3068\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u306e\u6210\u7acb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\uff08could, would, might\uff09\u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u3084\u63a8\u91cf\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u5909\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u614b\u304c\u6301\u3064\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u300c\u767a\u8a71\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9060\u9694\u6027\uff08remoteness from the here-and-now\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9060\u9694\u6027\u306f\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u4e0a\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u4e16\u754c\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u3092\u8868\u3059\u300c\u4eee\u5b9a\u6027\uff08hypothetical distance\uff09\u300d\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u8a71\u8005\u3068\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306e\u9593\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u30fb\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\uff08interpersonal distance \/ politeness\uff09\u300d\u3078\u3068\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u300c\u3082\u3057\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u300d\u300c\u3082\u3057\u3088\u308d\u3057\u3051\u308c\u3070\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u60f3\u7684\u306a\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u304c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u9632\u3050\u7de9\u885d\u6750\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u5316\u306e\u539f\u7406\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u3092\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3068\u8aa4\u8a33\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u91b8\u3057\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u3067\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5bfe\u4eba\u914d\u616e\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u304c\u6f14\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u4e01\u5be7\u3055\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5206\u6790\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6642\u9593\u526f\u8a5e\u3084\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6587\u8108\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u304c\u6642\u5236\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u307e\u305f\u306f\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u614b\u5ea6\uff09\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\uff08can, will, may\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\uff08could, would, might\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3057\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u304c\u300c\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4e01\u5be7\u306a\u914d\u616e\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u65ad\u5b9a\u306e\u56de\u907f\uff08\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Would it be convenient for the committee members to reschedule the preliminary hearing for next Monday?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;Would&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u65e5\u7a0b\u5909\u66f4\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u8ca0\u62c5\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u8981\u6c42\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u5f62 &#8220;Will it be&#8230;&#8221; \u3088\u308a\u3082\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u90fd\u5408\u3092\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306b\u914d\u616e\u3057\u305f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u4e01\u5be7\u306a\u6253\u8a3a\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;I could perhaps review the second chapter of your manuscript, provided that time permits.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u5354\u529b\u306e\u7533\u3057\u51fa\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 &#8220;could&#8221; \u3068\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;perhaps&#8221; \u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u62bc\u3057\u4ed8\u3051\u304c\u307e\u3057\u3055\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u306a\u3044\u8b19\u865a\u306a\u7533\u3057\u51fa\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Could you tell me how to access the university library system when you were a freshman?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u6587\u982d\u306e &#8220;Could you tell me&#8230;&#8221; \u3092\u300c\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u300d\u3068\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u6587\u982d\u306e &#8220;Could&#8221; \u306f\u73fe\u5728\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e01\u5be7\u306a\u4f9d\u983c\uff08\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0 &#8220;when you were a freshman&#8221; \u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4f9d\u983c\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u5927\u5b66\u4e00\u5e74\u751f\u3060\u3063\u305f\u9803\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff08\u4e01\u5be7\u306a\u4f9d\u983c\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;We might suggest a slightly different methodological approach to address the residual experimental discrepancies.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6279\u5224\u3084\u63d0\u6848\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 &#8220;might&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u63d0\u6848\u304c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u656c\u610f\u3092\u4fdd\u3061\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6539\u5584\u3092\u4fc3\u3059\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u914d\u616e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u5bfe\u4eba\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u3068\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u9593\u63a5\u7684\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7591\u554f\u6587\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306f\u8cea\u554f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306f\u5426\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4e00\u5bfe\u4e00\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u82f1\u8a9e\u904b\u7528\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u901a\u7528\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\uff08indirect speech act\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u6587\u306e\u5f62\uff09\u3068\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u4f1d\u9054\u3055\u308c\u308b\u767a\u8a71\u5185\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08illocutionary force\uff09\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306a\u30ba\u30ec\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5426\u5b9a\u7591\u554f\u6587 &#8220;Couldn&#8217;t you&#8230;?&#8221; \u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u6587 &#8220;You wouldn&#8217;t happen to know&#8230;?&#8221; \u306f\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306f\u7591\u554f\u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u5f62\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4f9d\u983c\u3084\u60c5\u5831\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u306f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3092\u7a81\u304d\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3001\u7591\u554f\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6a29\u3092\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306b\u8b72\u306d\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u300c\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u5f53\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9003\u3052\u9053\u3092\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u805e\u304d\u624b\u306b\u7528\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u304b\u3089\u89e3\u8aad\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u76ae\u8089\u3084\u5a49\u66f2\u306a\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u5b57\u9762\u901a\u308a\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u771f\u610f\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8aa4\u8aad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u6587\u306e\u771f\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u30fb\u5e73\u53d9\u30fb\u7591\u554f\u30fb\u4ed8\u52a0\u7591\u554f\uff09\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u304c\u767a\u305b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u767a\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u30fb\u7591\u554f\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u3055\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u300c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u914d\u616e\uff08\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u9762\u5b50\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u3001\u65ad\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3059\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u300d\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u306e\u771f\u306e\u610f\u56f3\uff08\u5a49\u66f2\u306a\u4f9d\u983c\u3001\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63d0\u6848\u3001\u9060\u616e\u304c\u3061\u306a\u8cea\u554f\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u96a0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u767a\u8a71\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Couldn&#8217;t we perhaps consider an alternative hypothesis before discarding the entire theoretical framework?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u7591\u554f\u6587 &#8220;Couldn&#8217;t we&#8230;?&#8221; \u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u4ee3\u66ff\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u610f\u898b\u5177\u7533\u3092\u3001\u53cd\u8a9e\u7684\u306a\u7591\u554f\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u548c\u3089\u3052\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;You wouldn&#8217;t by any chance happen to know the exact archival location of this historical manuscript, would you?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u4e3b\u7bc0\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u6587 &#8220;wouldn&#8217;t&#8221; \u306b\u3057\u3001\u4ed8\u52a0\u7591\u554f &#8220;would you?&#8221; \u3092\u4f34\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u300c\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u304f\u3066\u5f53\u7136\u3060\u304c\u3001\u4e07\u304c\u4e00\u3054\u5b58\u77e5\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9060\u616e\u304c\u3061\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u624b\u306b\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8ab2\u3055\u306a\u3044\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u914d\u616e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Can you pass the salt?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u3053\u306e\u6587\u3092\u300c\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u5869\u3092\u6e21\u3059\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u304a\u6301\u3061\u3067\u3059\u304b\u300d\u3068\u5b57\u9762\u901a\u308a\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u98df\u5353\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u7591\u3046\u7406\u7531\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u7591\u554f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5869\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f9d\u983c\u3092\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u5869\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3060\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff08\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u4f9d\u983c\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Won&#8217;t you join our research seminar this afternoon for a brief discussion on comparative linguistics?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u7591\u554f\u6587 &#8220;Won&#8217;t you&#8230;?&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u52e7\u8a98\uff08Join our seminar\uff09\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3001\u300c\u53c2\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\u300d\u3068\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u610f\u601d\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6e29\u304b\u304f\u8fce\u3048\u5165\u308c\u308b\u52e7\u8a98\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5909\u5f62\u3068\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u610f\u898b\u8868\u660e\u3068\u614b\u5ea6\u8868\u660e\uff08stance\uff09\u306e\u8abf\u6574<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u3084\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u5df1\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8ad6\u65e8\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u8abf\u6574\uff08hedging\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u65ad\u5b9a\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u614b\u5ea6\u8868\u660e\uff08epistemic stance\uff09\u3092\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8abf\u6574\uff08hedging\uff09\u3068\u65ad\u5b9a\u306e\u56de\u907f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6587\u306f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u65ad\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u66f8\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d20\u6734\u306a\u524d\u63d0\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u512a\u308c\u305f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u30fb\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3084\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u907f\u3051\u3001\u53cd\u8a3c\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u3084\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u300c\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff08hedging \/ mitigation\uff09\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u591a\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u306e\u304c may, might, could, would \u306a\u3069\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u8a8d\u77e5\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08suggest, indicate, appear\uff09\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\uff08possibly, arguably\uff09\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u301c\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u601d\u308f\u308c\u308b\u300d\u300c\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3082\u6392\u9664\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u8ad6\u8abf\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8abf\u6574\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3068\u3001\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b9a\u8aac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u5883\u754c\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u53b3\u5bc6\u6027\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u4e3b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08may, might, could, would\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08seem, suggest \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u304c\u7121\u6a19\u306e\u65ad\u5b9a\u6587\uff08is \/ does\uff09\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4ed8\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7406\u7531\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u3055\u3001\u7570\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u914d\u616e\u3001\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\u5316\u3078\u306e\u614e\u91cd\u3055\uff09\u3092\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u304b\u3089\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff08stance\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u5f37\u5ea6\u304c\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;These preliminary statistical observations would seem to suggest a correlation between urbanization and dialect leveling.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;would&#8221; \u3068\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;seem to suggest&#8221; \u3092\u8907\u5408\u7684\u306b\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u306b\u56de\u907f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e88\u5099\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u5bdf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u4eee\u8aac\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff09\u306e\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The archaeological evidence might indicate that cross-cultural trade networks existed earlier than previously assumed.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;might&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u901a\u8aac\u306b\u7570\u8ad6\u3092\u5531\u3048\u308b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u5b66\u8aac\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u656c\u610f\u3092\u4fdd\u3061\u3064\u3064\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u767a\u898b\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u614b\u5ea6\u8868\u660e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The experimental results clearly prove that the newly developed pharmacological compound will cure all variants of the virus.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: will cure \u3092\u300c\u6cbb\u3059\u3060\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u672a\u6765\u4e88\u6e2c\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u3057\u3066\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u65ad\u5b9a\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u3055\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 &#8220;will cure all&#8230;&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u65ad\u5b9a\u306f\u53cd\u8a3c\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u304f\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u306f &#8220;may potentially alleviate&#8230;&#8221; \u3084 &#8220;could be effective against&#8230;&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u7de9\u548c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u85ac\u304c\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u5168\u5909\u7570\u682a\u3092\u6cbb\u7642\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u65ad\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u306e\u6b20\u5982\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;One could argue that the socio-economic reforms initiated in this period laid the structural foundations for the subsequent revolution.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u4e0d\u7279\u5b9a\u591a\u6570\u3092\u8868\u3059\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e &#8220;One&#8221; \u3068\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;could&#8221; \u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u8aac\u3092\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u771f\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62bc\u3057\u4ed8\u3051\u306a\u3044\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u8abf\u6574\u306e\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u5f37\u3044\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u3092\u8868\u3059\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3068\u767a\u8a71\u8cac\u4efb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u7de9\u548c\u3068\u306f\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u3084\u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u8a00\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5f37\u3044\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08must, should, cannot\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u5834\u9762\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5358\u306a\u308b\u66f8\u304d\u624b\u306e\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u597d\u307f\u306e\u8868\u660e\u300d\u3068\u8efd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u304c must \u3084 should \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5f37\u3044\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u3001\u5dee\u3057\u8feb\u3063\u305f\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u502b\u7406\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u91cd\u3044\u300c\u767a\u8a71\u8cac\u4efb\uff08epistemic commitment\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8ca0\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u306e cannot \u3084 must not \u306f\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u306e\u6307\u6458\u3084\u770b\u904e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5371\u967a\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u8b66\u544a\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u306f\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\uff08topic sentence\uff09\u3084\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\uff08concluding section\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u65e8\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u6253\u3092\u306a\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u6700\u3082\u5f37\u304f\u8a34\u3048\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u88dc\u8db3\u610f\u898b\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u4e3b\u5f35\u3084\u6279\u5224\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08must, should, ought to, cannot\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u5f37\u3044\u4e3b\u5f35\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8ad6\u62e0\u3084\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u524d\u63d0\u547d\u984c\uff09\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f79\u5272\uff08\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u3001\u73fe\u72b6\u6279\u5224\u3001\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u8ad6\uff09\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u3092\u9003\u3055\u305a\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;International policy makers must address the widening socio-economic inequalities before democratic institutions suffer irreversible erosion.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u7dca\u6025\u6027\u3092\u8a34\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5371\u6a5f\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u767a\u8a71\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Contemporary scholars cannot legitimately ignore the environmental externalities generated by rapid industrial expansion.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;cannot&#8221; \u3068\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;legitimately&#8221; \u3092\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u305b\u3001\u300c\u7121\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u3082\u502b\u7406\u7684\u306b\u3082\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u5b66\u8aac\u306e\u4e0d\u5099\u3092\u7a81\u304f\u8ad6\u99c1\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Democratic governments may protect the fundamental civil liberties of their citizens during national emergencies.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: may \u3092\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u4fdd\u8b77\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3001\u5e73\u5766\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u61b2\u6cd5\u8ad6\u3084\u4eba\u6a29\u8ad6\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4eba\u6a29\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u306f\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067 may\uff08\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u304c\u8457\u3057\u304f\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u3001\u8ad6\u65e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6765\u306f must \u3084 have a constitutional obligation to \u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u653f\u5e9c\u306f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7dca\u6025\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u5e02\u6c11\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5e02\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u4fdd\u8b77\u3057\u3066\u3088\u3044\uff08\u7fa9\u52d9\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u8aa4\u8aad\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Future urban development plans should integrate sustainable energy grids to mitigate the catastrophic impacts of climate change.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;should&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u753b\u304c\u5411\u304b\u3046\u3079\u304d\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u898f\u7bc4\u3068\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u63a8\u5968\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u7b56\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u3001\u5efa\u8a2d\u7684\u306a\u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u8a00\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u30fb\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u4e3b\u5f35\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6279\u5224\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M35] \u610f\u898b\u30fb\u8cdb\u5426\u306e\u8868\u73fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u610f\u898b\u8868\u660e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8cdb\u5426\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M40] \u524d\u63d0\u3068\u542b\u610f\u306e\u533a\u5225<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5185\u5305\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u542b\u610f\u306e\u5cfb\u5225\u57fa\u6e96<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M09] \u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\uff08epistemic stance\uff09\u3068\u767a\u8a71\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8ac7\u8a71\uff1a\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u3084\u610f\u5473\u304c\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3082\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u73fe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u679c\u305f\u3059\u8ac7\u8a71\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08discourse functions\uff09\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u76f8\u4e92\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u304b\u3089\u53cd\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u767a\u898b\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u307e\u3067\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u8ffd\u8de1\u30fb\u6574\u7406\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u7528\u5c64\u3067\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u767a\u8a71\u610f\u56f3\u304a\u3088\u3073\u614b\u5ea6\u8868\u660e\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u5224\u5b9a\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ac7\u8a71\u8ffd\u8de1\u529b\u306f\u3001\u96e3\u95a2\u5927\u5165\u8a66\u306e\u8d85\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u304b\u3064\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u8aa4\u5224\u5b9a\u3084\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u81f4\u554f\u984c\u3092\u9ad8\u3044\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u529b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u30fb\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9577\u6587\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u3001\u3069\u306e\u6587\u304c\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3069\u306e\u6587\u304c\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u88dc\u8db3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u904e\u591a\u306b\u9665\u308b\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u591a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\uff08topic sentence\uff09\u306f\u300c\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6587\u300d\u3068\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u4fe1\u3058\u3089\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3065\u3051\u308b\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u306f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u300c\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3068\u6027\u8cea\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u5b9f\u9a13\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\uff08\u7121\u6a19\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\u3084\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\uff09\u306f\u652f\u6301\u6587\uff08supporting sentences\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3084\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u50be\u5411\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306b\u306f\u3001should, must, will, can \u306a\u3069\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u9ad8\u983b\u5ea6\u3067\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u3067\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3092 can \u3084 may \u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u3092\u631f\u3093\u3067 should \u3084 must \u3092\u4f34\u3046\u6587\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u80cc\u666f\u8aac\u660e\u3084\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u3054\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u62bd\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5185\u306e\u5404\u6587\u304b\u3089\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6587\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u6587\uff08is, was, did \u7b49\uff09\u3068\u3001\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u8a55\u4fa1\u6587\u30fb\u5224\u65ad\u6587\uff08should, must, can, will \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u4f8b: \u4e00\u822c\u7684\u63a8\u91cf can \u304b\u3089\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35 should \u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\uff09\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u4e3b\u5f35\u5f37\u5ea6\u307e\u305f\u306f\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u6587\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3084\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u7d71\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8981\u70b9\u304c\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d6e\u304d\u5f6b\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Although numerous economic factors influence market stability, regulatory authorities must maintain transparent monetary policies.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0 &#8220;Although&#8230;&#8221; \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u5f53\u5c40\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u3079\u304d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u65b9\u91dd\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Technological innovation can substantially enhance operational efficiency, but organizations should never compromise worker safety.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u524d\u534a\u306e &#8220;can&#8221;\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5229\u70b9\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9006\u63a5 &#8220;but&#8221; \u306e\u5f8c\u306b &#8220;should never&#8221;\uff08\u5f37\u3044\u898f\u7bc4\uff09\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u304c\u5f8c\u534a\u306e should \u6587\u306b\u51dd\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The researchers analyzed five hundred clinical samples and recorded a thirty percent increase in cellular activity.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u5177\u4f53\u7684\u304b\u3064\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u6570\u5024\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6587\u304c\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u3053\u306e\u6587\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u305a\u3001\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u652f\u6301\u6587\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u63d0\u793a\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b &#8220;These findings may indicate&#8230;&#8221; \u3084 &#8220;Scientists must reconsider&#8230;&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6587\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306f500\u306e\u81e8\u5e8a\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u6d3b\u6027\u306e30%\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u305f\uff08\u652f\u6301\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Such unprecedented environmental disruptions will inevitably transform regional agricultural productivity over the coming century.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u3068\u526f\u8a5e &#8220;inevitably&#8221; \u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u306a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5185\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3057\u305f\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u53ce\u675f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u6587\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u3084\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\uff08conclusion\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u51fa\u3066\u304d\u305f\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u518d\u767b\u5834\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u300d\u3068\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u306b\u773a\u3081\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u5c40\u9762\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff08may, could\uff09\u3084\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u78ba\u4fe1\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08must, will\uff09\u3084\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u63d0\u8a00\uff08should\uff09\u3078\u3068\u300c\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u53ce\u675f\uff08modal convergence\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\u90e8\u3067\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u554f\u3044\u304b\u3051\uff08Could it be that&#8230;?\uff09\u3084\u672c\u8ad6\u3067\u306e\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306a\u691c\u8a3c\uff08may&#8230; but might&#8230;\uff09\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u7dcf\u62ec\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u3001\u9014\u4e2d\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3067\u691c\u8a0e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u66ab\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u8981\u7d04\u554f\u984c\u3067\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u5931\u70b9\u3092\u62db\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u3068\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u6bb5\u843d\uff08Ultimately, In conclusion, Therefore \u7b49\u3067\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u8ad6\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff08may, might, could\uff09\u304c\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5f37\u3044\u78ba\u4fe1\uff08must, will\uff09\u3084\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u63d0\u8a00\uff08should, ought to\uff09\u3078\u3068\u6607\u83ef\u30fb\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u305f\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u6587\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u554f\u3044\uff08research question\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6700\u7d42\u56de\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9577\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7d42\u7740\u70b9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u898b\u5b9a\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Ultimately, the empirical evidence demonstrates that global institutions must implement comprehensive structural reforms without delay.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6587\u982d\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58 &#8220;Ultimately&#8221; \u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8ad6\u3067\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u63d0\u8a00\u3078\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Taking all historical precedents into account, we can conclude that democratic resilience will prevail against authoritarian pressures.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;Taking all&#8230; into account&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u7dcf\u62ec\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672a\u6765\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u3092\u8868\u3059 &#8220;will prevail&#8221; \u3078\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u96c6\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u898b\u901a\u3057\u3092\u793a\u3059\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Some minor inconsistencies might remain unresolved, but these do not undermine the validity of the overarching theory.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: &#8220;might remain unresolved&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u306e\u307f\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u8aac\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u306b\u81ea\u4fe1\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8aa4\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u524d\u534a\u306e might \u306f\u53cd\u8ad6\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8b72\u6b69\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e &#8220;do not undermine&#8221;\uff08\u65ad\u5b9a\uff09\u3053\u305d\u304c\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6349\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u8efd\u5fae\u306a\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u306f\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6b8b\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u304c\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The cumulative findings clearly indicate that urban planning should prioritize pedestrian mobility over vehicular access.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;The cumulative findings&#8221;\uff08\u84c4\u7a4d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u77e5\u898b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u8db3\u5834\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001&#8221;should prioritize&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u3078\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u904e\u7a0b\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u8ad6\u65e8\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u6700\u3082\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u8b72\u6b69\u304b\u3089\u53cd\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u300d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u679c\u305f\u3059\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u610f\u898b\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u5371\u967a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001may &#8230; but \u69cb\u6587\u306b\u4ee3\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. may &#8230; but \u69cb\u6587\u3068\u53cd\u8ad6\u5c0e\u5165\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 may \u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u969b\u300c\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304c\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3060\u300d\u3068\u901f\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u8aad\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ac7\u8a71\u69cb\u9020\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b may \u306f\u300c\u78ba\u304b\u306b\u301c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\uff08\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u5206\u306b\u3082\u4e00\u7406\u3042\u308b\uff09\u300d\u3068\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u5bfe\u610f\u898b\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u300c\u8b72\u6b69\uff08concession\uff09\u300d\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u30de\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u306b\u904b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e may \u306b\u3088\u308b\u8b72\u6b69\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9006\u63a5\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08but, however, yet, nevertheless\uff09\u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08counter-assertion\uff09\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u52a9\u8d70\uff08setup\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001[A: may\uff08\u8b72\u6b69\uff09] \u2794 [B: but\uff08\u53cd\u8ad6\u30fb\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff09] \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u6279\u5224\u30fb\u8ad6\u7834\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u6301\u3061\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u76f8\u624b\u5074\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001may &#8230; but \u69cb\u6587\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8b72\u6b69\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b may\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f it is true that, certainly, indeed \u7b49\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u6a19\u8b58\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5358\u306a\u308b\u63a8\u91cf\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u76f8\u624b\u5074\u3078\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u3067\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3066\u9006\u63a5\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\uff08but, however, nonetheless \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u6355\u6349\u3057\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3068\u53cd\u8ad6\u7bc0\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u753b\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001may \u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u30fb\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u7acb\u5834\uff09\u3092\u62ec\u5f27\u306b\u5165\u308c\u3001but \u4ee5\u964d\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\uff08must, should, actually, in reality \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u5ba2\u8ee2\u5012\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9632\u6b62\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Artificial intelligence may outperform human specialists in specific diagnostic tasks, but it cannot replicate holistic medical judgment.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u524d\u534a\u306e &#8220;may outperform&#8221; \u3067AI\u306e\u512a\u4f4d\u6027\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u306e &#8220;but it cannot replicate&#8221; \u3067\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u512a\u4f4d\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Individual consumer activism may raise public awareness, yet systemic regulatory reform must drive genuine ecological sustainability.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: &#8220;may raise&#8221; \u306b\u3088\u308b\u500b\u4eba\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u610f\u7fa9\u3078\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u304b\u3089\u3001&#8221;yet &#8230; must drive&#8221; \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6539\u9769\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672c\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3078\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u9bae\u3084\u304b\u306b\u8ee2\u63db\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Traditional lecture-based teaching methods may foster disciplined memorization of foundational facts.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u3053\u306e\u6587\u3060\u3051\u3092\u5207\u308a\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u8b1b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3092\u5168\u9762\u7684\u306b\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u63a8\u5968\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u3053\u306e\u6587\u306e may \u306f\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u4e88\u544a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b &#8220;However, modern interactive seminars cultivate critical analytical skills far more effectively.&#8221; \u3053\u305d\u304c\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002may \u5358\u72ec\u306e\u6587\u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u8b1b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u624b\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u898f\u5f8b\u3042\u308b\u6697\u8a18\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\uff08\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6279\u5224\u3078\u306e\u4f0f\u7dda\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Early philosophical criticisms of technology might have sounded overly alarmist, but contemporary developments have vindicated their core concerns.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u904e\u53bb\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u8b72\u6b69 &#8220;might have sounded&#8221; \u304b\u3089\u3001\u9006\u63a5 &#8220;but&#8221; \u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u73fe\u4ee3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306e\u8a3c\u660e\u3078\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u9032\u884c\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0\u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u5c55\u958b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300cif \u7bc0\u3084 while \u7bc0\u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u98fe\u308a\u300d\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\uff08if, unless, provided that\uff09\u3084\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0\uff08while, whereas, although\uff09\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u304c\u975e\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\uff08\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u30fb\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\uff09\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306f would, could, might \u3078\u3068\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u3001\u300c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306b\u306f\u8d77\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9f\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff08counterfactual reasoning\uff09\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8ac7\u8a71\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0 while \u304c\u300c\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u300d\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u53d9\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306f should \u3084 must \u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u300c\u4ed6\u65b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u53d6\u308b\u3079\u304d\u5bfe\u5fdc\u300d\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u306b\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u4eee\u60f3\u7684\u306a\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6b21\u5143\uff08reality level\uff09\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0\u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08if, although, while, whereas\uff09\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6642\u5236\u30fb\u6cd5\uff08\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u304b\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304b\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08would, could, should, must\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5236\u7d04\uff08\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u5f37\u8abf\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u5145\u8db3\uff09\u3092\u8ab2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u300c\u73fe\u5b9f\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u300d\u300c\u4eee\u5b9a\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u300d\u300c\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u300d\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8907\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u65e8\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;If international regulatory bodies had enforced stricter oversight, the systemic financial collapse could have been largely mitigated.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86 &#8220;had enforced&#8221;\uff08\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\uff09\u306b\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067 &#8220;could have been mitigated&#8221;\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6279\u5224\u3092\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;While developing nations must expand industrial capacity to alleviate poverty, advanced economies should take the lead in carbon reduction.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0 &#8220;While &#8230; must&#8221;\uff08\u767a\u5c55\u9014\u4e0a\u56fd\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff09\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0 &#8220;should take the lead&#8221;\uff08\u5148\u9032\u56fd\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff09\u304c\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7acb\u5834\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u5206\u62c5\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;If municipal governments invest in green infrastructure, urban air quality would improve dramatically.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u304c\u73fe\u5728\u5f62 &#8220;invest&#8221;\uff08\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u306e &#8220;would&#8221; \u3092\u7121\u6279\u5224\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306d\u3058\u308c\u3092\u8a31\u5bb9\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\uff08\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3082\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;will&#8221; \u307e\u305f\u306f &#8220;can&#8221; \u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3092 would \u306b\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u3092\u904e\u53bb\u5f62 invested \u306b\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u73fe\u5b9f\u5ea6\u3092\u7d71\u4e00\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u69cb\u6587: &#8220;If municipal governments invest in green infrastructure, urban air quality will improve dramatically.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Unless substantive institutional changes are implemented immediately, public trust in democratic governance will continue to deteriorate.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0 &#8220;Unless&#8230;&#8221;\uff08\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u306b\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u672a\u6765\u4e88\u6e2c &#8220;will continue&#8221; \u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6539\u9769\u3092\u884c\u308f\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8b66\u544a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7bc0\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u547c\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5206\u6790\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u306f\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u601d\u8003\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u638c\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u6839\u62e0\u63d0\u793a\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u69cb\u6210\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8a71\u304c\u30d0\u30e9\u30d0\u30e9\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u82f1\u6587\u9577\u6587\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u5de8\u5927\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396\uff08chain of inference\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u8a3c\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7b2c1\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u3068\u66ab\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\uff08could \/ may\uff09\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7b2c2\u30fb\u7b2c3\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3084\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\uff08is \/ was \u306e\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\uff09\u304c\u8ad6\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7b2c4\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\uff08must \/ should\uff09\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u79fb\u884c\uff08\u63a8\u91cf \u2794 \u4e8b\u5b9f\u63d0\u793a \u2794 \u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u672c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u9396\u3068\u3057\u3066\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u3069\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u300c\u8a3c\u62e0\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3069\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u300c\u8a3c\u62e0\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u8ad6\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9023\u9396\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u9014\u4e2d\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u7d30\u90e8\u306b\u57cb\u6ca1\u3057\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u30fb\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6587\u304b\u3089\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u3054\u3068\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u6027\u8cea\uff08\u7b2c1\u6bb5\u843d: \u554f\u3044\u30fb\u53ef\u80fd\u6027 \u2794 \u7b2c2\u6bb5\u843d: \u5b9f\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf \u2794 \u7b2c3\u6bb5\u843d: \u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u30fb\u63d0\u8a00\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u30fb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u524d\u63d0\uff08premises\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u8ad6\u304c\u3001\u5192\u982d\u306e\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u56de\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u9577\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8d85\u9577\u6587\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8ff7\u3044\u306a\u304f\u5168\u4f53\u50cf\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u6bb5\u843d1: \u554f\u3044\u30fb\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09: &#8220;The recent collapse of localized biodiversity could be driven by subtle shifts in microclimate patterns.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u6bb5\u843d2: \u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u63d0\u793a\uff09: &#8220;Meteorological stations recorded a two-degree temperature rise and thirty percent humidity drop over the past decade.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u6bb5\u843d3: \u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff09: &#8220;Given these verified environmental shifts, conservation biologists must focus intervention strategies on microclimate preservation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u5206\u6790: \u6bb5\u843d1\u306e\u63a8\u91cf &#8220;could be driven&#8221; \u304c\u3001\u6bb5\u843d2\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f &#8220;recorded&#8221; \u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u843d3\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u63d0\u8a00 &#8220;must focus&#8221; \u3078\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30023\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u898b\u4e8b\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;Local temperatures rose by two degrees; therefore, human industrial pollution must be the sole cause of global warming.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u6c17\u6e29\u4e0a\u6607\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u4eba\u9593\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u307f\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u98db\u8e8d\u3057\u305f\u5f37\u3044\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u7121\u6279\u5224\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u5c40\u6240\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72ed\u3044\u524d\u63d0\u304b\u3089\u5168\u5730\u7403\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u5358\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u3092 must \u3067\u65ad\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u98db\u8e8d\uff08fallacy\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f &#8220;may be a contributing factor&#8221; \u306a\u3069\u306e\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306b\u7559\u3081\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u5b9f\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u88dc\u308f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u6c17\u6e29\u304c2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7523\u696d\u6c5a\u67d3\u304c\u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u306e\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff08\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u542b\u3080\u4e0d\u5f53\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u9023\u9396\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8ffd\u8de1\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3068\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u5cfb\u5225\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u81f4\u554f\u984c\u3084\u8981\u7d04\u554f\u984c\u3067\u6700\u3082\u591a\u3044\u8aa4\u7b54\u539f\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\uff08fact\uff09\u300d\u3068\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u300c\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u30fb\u898b\u89e3\uff08opinion \/ stance\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u610f\u898b\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u753b\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6700\u3082\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u304c\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u3001\u6642\u5236\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6301\u3064\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u306e\u5e73\u53d9\u6587\uff08The experiment showed&#8230; \/ Carbon levels increased&#8230;\uff09\u306f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\uff08This result must imply&#8230; \/ Society should regulate&#8230;\uff09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3084\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u8868\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u96e3\u95a2\u5927\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3055\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3001\u9006\u306b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u63d0\u8a00\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3055\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u7f60\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u904b\u7528\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u306e\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u7f60\u306b\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u8a98\u5c0e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9577\u6587\u5185\u306e\u5404\u547d\u984c\u3092\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9f\u300d\u3068\u300c\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u300d\u306b\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u508d\u7dda\u90e8\u3084\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u554f\u3046\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9f\uff08fact\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u300c\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08author&#8217;s opinion\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7121\u6a19\u306e\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9f\u8a18\u8ff0\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u898b\u89e3\u8868\u660e\uff09\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u8a18\u8ff0\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5207\u308a\u5206\u3051\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u306e\u307f\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7d1b\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11\uff08\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\uff09: &#8220;The international meteorological consortium collected atmospheric data from fifty stations across the continent.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8b58\u5225\u5206\u6790: \u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;collected&#8221; \u304c\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u300c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u300d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12\uff08\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff09: &#8220;This comprehensive atmospheric data must compel governments to implement immediate carbon taxation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8b58\u5225\u5206\u6790: \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e &#8220;must&#8221; \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u53ce\u96c6\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u304b\u3064\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u306a\u300c\u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u8a00\uff08\u898b\u89e3\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u8a98\u767a\u4f8b\uff09: &#8220;The ancient text was written in the fourth century, which proves that the entire legend must be historically factual.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u5206\u6790: \u300c\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u304c4\u4e16\u7d00\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u4f1d\u8aac\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u3001\u3042\u305f\u304b\u3082\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a02\u6b63\u306e\u8ad6\u7406: \u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u5e74\u4ee3\u306f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4f1d\u8aac\u306e\u771f\u5b9f\u6027\u306f\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e must \u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u89e3\u91c8\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u89e3\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u89e3\u91c8: \u300c\u305d\u306e\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u732e\u306f4\u4e16\u7d00\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4f1d\u8aac\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u9055\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u5c0e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u6df7\u5728\uff09\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14\uff08\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff09: &#8220;While the economic indicators remain stable, corporate leaders should nevertheless prepare for unforeseen market volatility.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8b58\u5225\u5206\u6790: \u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\uff08remain stable\uff09\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3064\u3064\u3001&#8221;should nevertheless prepare&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u8b66\u544a\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u306e\u5cfb\u5225\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M49] \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u63a5\u7d9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3068\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u76e4 M50] \u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u624b\u9806<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u4e8b\u5b9f\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u691c\u7d22\u624b\u9806<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M21] \u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8aad\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"21579\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u898f\u5247\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u8ac7\u8a71\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u63a2\u7a76\u3057\u305f\u3002\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u3092\u8868\u3059\u4ed8\u52a0\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u82f1\u6587\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5275\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u4eba\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u727d\u5f15\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u6587\u6cd5\u7bc4\u7587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u76f4\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u672c\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u539f\u5f62\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u5171\u8d77\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b9a\u52d5\u8a5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u5360\u3081\u308b\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u4e00\u3064\u306b\u9650\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6e96\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u633f\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u7591\u554f\u6587\u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u5012\u7f6e\uff08SAI\uff09\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u30fb\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u30fb\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e \uff1e \u5b8c\u4e86 \uff1e \u9032\u884c \uff1e \u53d7\u52d5 \uff1e \u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u5206\u89e3\u30fb\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u8907\u96d1\u306b\u4fee\u98fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u578b\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08\u80fd\u529b\u30fb\u8a31\u53ef\u30fb\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u610f\u5fd7\u306a\u3069\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u62d8\u675f\u529b\uff09\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u30fb\u63a8\u91cf\u30fb\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u306a\u3069\u306e\u547d\u984c\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff09\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u305f\u3002can \/ could, may \/ might, must \/ have to \/ should, will \/ would \u306e\u5404\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\uff08\u6709\u751f\u7269\u304b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u304b\uff09\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6027\u683c\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\u72b6\u614b\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\uff09\u3001\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8b58\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u5f62\u614b\u304c\u6301\u3064\u300c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u611f\u300d\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3084\u63a7\u3048\u3081\u306a\u63a8\u91cf\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5c0e\u51fa\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7528\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u3092\u914d\u616e\u3057\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3059\u308b\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u5b66\u3093\u3060\u3002\u4f9d\u983c\u30fb\u63d0\u6848\u30fb\u52a9\u8a00\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6301\u3064\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u30dd\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3084\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7591\u554f\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d8\u30c3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff08\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8abf\u6574\u306b\u3088\u308b\u65ad\u5b9a\u56de\u907f\uff09\u3068\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u7fa9\u52d9\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u306e\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u767a\u8a71\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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