{"id":28805,"date":"2026-09-20T23:06:11","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T14:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/?p=28805"},"modified":"2026-09-21T04:11:00","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T19:11:00","slug":"common-test_english_m09","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/strategy\/dnc\/common-test_english_m09\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8  \u82f1\u8a9e\u3011Module 09\uff1a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u69cb\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9ad8\u5f97\u70b9\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u3068\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u4ed8\u968f\u3059\u308b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3084\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7528\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u88dc\u5b8c\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u898b\u6bd4\u3079\u3001\u65ad\u7247\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u307f\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u307c\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u5074\u3082\u307e\u305f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u5177\u73fe\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306a\u76f8\u4e92\u88dc\u5b8c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u6349\u3048\u305a\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u3092\u8ffd\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u3084\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u8a98\u767a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u3084\u50be\u5411\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u306e\u307f\u306b\u983c\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u3084\u5c06\u6765\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u554f\u3046\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u62db\u304f\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u628a\u63e1\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u3001\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u904b\u7528\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u6e80\u70b9\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3067\u304d\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u7d71\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u5b8c\u6210\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4e09\u3064\u306e\u5c64\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8996\u5ea7<\/strong>\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u8d70\u67fb\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u78ba\u7acb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u56f3\u8868\u3084\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u969b\u3001\u3069\u3053\u304b\u3089\u624b\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3079\u304d\u304b\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u8aa4\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8996\u7dda\u304c\u8ff7\u8d70\u3057\u3066\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8457\u3057\u304f\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3084\u7a7a\u6b04\u914d\u7f6e\u304b\u3089\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u3079\u304d\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8ef8\u3084\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u8996\u899a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u306b\u306f\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a\u3001\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3001\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u9042\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u904b\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u624b\u9806<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u672c\u756a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u624b\u9806\u306e\u8ff7\u3044\u306f\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u8db3\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5927\u554f\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3057\u305f\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u304b\u3089\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6d88\u53bb\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u51e6\u7406\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a66\u9a13\u672c\u756a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7d04\u5343\u8a9e\u306b\u53ca\u3076\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u56f3\u8868\u7fa4\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6570\u5341\u79d2\u3067\u7a81\u304d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u6b63\u8aa4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3001\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3001\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u3068\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u5909\u6570\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u63db\u7b97\u3001\u6ce8\u8a18\u306e\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u898b\u6975\u3081\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\u304c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u3069\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u88cf\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u63a8\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u61b6\u6e2c\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7a4d\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6975\u9650\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u9ad8\u3044\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u8ab2\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u5927\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8ff7\u3044\u306a\u304f\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306a\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u5b8c\u9042\u3059\u308b\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u5f97\u70b9\u529b\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8996\u5ea7\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u8d70\u67fb\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u78ba\u7acb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5165\u8a66\u672c\u756a\u3067\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u3092\u958b\u3044\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u8907\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3084\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u304c\u76ee\u306b\u98db\u3073\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306f\u5727\u5012\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u91cf\u306b\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u6cf3\u304c\u305b\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3092\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u6f2b\u7136\u3068\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u59cb\u3081\u3001\u9014\u4e2d\u3067\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u518d\u3073\u672c\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u76f4\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u975e\u52b9\u7387\u306a\u5f80\u5fa9\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u305b\u3070\u3001\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593\u306f\u77ac\u304f\u9593\u306b\u67af\u6e07\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u51e6\u7406\u306e\u6df7\u4e71\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63d0\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u6301\u3064\u60c5\u5831\u6574\u7406\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3001\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u5727\u7e2e\u3057\u305f\u5730\u56f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5916\u5f62\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u57fa\u6e96\u304b\u3089\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u3079\u304d\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3068\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u7684\u8d70\u67fb\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8a8d\u77e5\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u57fa\u790e\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u56f3\u8868\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u624b\u9806\u3068\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u628a\u63e1\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u7a2e\u5225\u7279\u6027\u3001\u8ef8\u3068\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u57fa\u6e96\u3001\u6bd4\u7387\u30fb\u6570\u5024\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9069\u5408\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8d70\u67fb\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u539f\u7406\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u571f\u53f0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f3\u8868\u30fb\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8aad\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u7ae0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u304c\u793a\u3059\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u5bfe\u7167\u3055\u305b\u308b\u57fa\u672c\u624b\u9806\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u6570\u5024\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u306e\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u985e\u578b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u30fb\u8abf\u67fb\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3001\u8003\u5bdf\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u5c55\u671b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u8a3c\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u306f\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c55\u958b\u985e\u578b\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5927\u554f\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u51fa\u3059\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u7a74\u57cb\u3081\u30d1\u30ba\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e0a\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u4e0b\u90e8\u3001\u5de6\u5074\u304b\u3089\u53f3\u5074\u3078\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u9806\u5e8f\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5927\u67a0\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u306a\u3044\u307e\u307e\u7a7a\u6b04\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3060\u3051\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u672c\u6587\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3066\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u932f\u899a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u3069\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u8868\u984c\u30fb\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3084\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306f\u300c\u5358\u306a\u308b\u98fe\u308a\u3084\u5927\u96d1\u628a\u306a\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u300d\u3068\u8efd\u8996\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\uff08Title\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5404\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\uff08Headings\uff09\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u6210\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u305f\u6700\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8868\u984c\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u3084\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3001\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306f\u300c\u80cc\u666f\uff08Introduction \/ Background\uff09\u300d\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u30fb\u8abf\u67fb\u624b\u6cd5\uff08Methods \/ Procedures\uff09\u300d\u300c\u7d50\u679c\uff08Results \/ Findings\uff09\u300d\u300c\u8003\u5bdf\u30fb\u8b70\u8ad6\uff08Discussion \/ Implications\uff09\u300d\u300c\u7d50\u8ad6\u30fb\u63d0\u8a00\uff08Conclusion \/ Future Outlook\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u533a\u5206\u306b\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5404\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u9006\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u672c\u6587\u3092\u982d\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u3080\u884c\u70ba\u306f\u3001\u5730\u56f3\u3092\u6301\u305f\u305a\u306b\u672a\u8e0f\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5f77\u5fa8\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u7cbe\u8aad\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6642\u9593\u3092\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u6700\u4e0a\u90e8\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3068\u5404\u5927\u67a0\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u6271\u3046\u4e3b\u984c\u3068\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u69cb\u6210\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4e3b\u984c\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306e\u5404\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u3001\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u914d\u5217\u9806\u5e8f\u306f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u9806\u5e8f\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\uff11\u301c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u5404\u5927\u67a0\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u300c\u539f\u56e0\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u300c\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9650\u754c\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u672c\u6587\u3078\u306e\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306b &#8220;Research Background&#8221;, &#8220;Field Experiment Design&#8221;, &#8220;Observed Outcomes&#8221;, &#8220;Remaining Questions&#8221; \u3068\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c &#8220;Observed Outcomes&#8221; \u306e\u67a0\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u3084\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u80cc\u666f\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u3078\u76f4\u884c\u3057\u3066\u8a72\u5f53\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u8868\u984c\u304c &#8220;Urban Heat Islands: Causes and Sustainable Countermeasures&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306b &#8220;Recommended Actions&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u6839\u62e0\u306f\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u8a00\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u306e\u307f\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u76e4\u306e\u6c17\u5019\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u5206\u6790\u306e\u7cbe\u8aad\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3066\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u306b\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057 &#8220;Methodological Limitations&#8221; \u306b\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;however&#8221;, &#8220;nevertheless&#8221;, &#8220;one major drawback&#8221;, &#8220;limited by&#8221; \u306a\u3069\u306e\u7559\u4fdd\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u512a\u5148\u7684\u306b\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Experimental Procedures&#8221; \u306e\u67a0\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u74b0\u5883\u554f\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u7834\u58ca\u306e\u88ab\u5bb3\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u4e00\u6587\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u7167\u5408\u305b\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u76ee\u7acb\u3064\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u9a13\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u6a5f\u6750\u3084\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u7fa4\u306e\u9078\u5b9a\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u624b\u9806\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304b\u3089\u672c\u6587\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6b04\uff08\u554f\uff11\u3001\u554f\uff12\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8981\u70b9\u306b\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u300c\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u8981\u7d20\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u300c\u77e2\u5370\u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u305f\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u5074\u300d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u300c\u8868\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u30bb\u30eb\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306f\u4e00\u7fa9\u7684\u306b\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u5165\u529b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u7a7a\u6b04\u3082\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3092\u6301\u3064\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u3001\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u7d42\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u5e30\u7d50\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u305b\u305a\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u773a\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u306f\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7d71\u4e00\u6027\u3092\u6b20\u304f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3084\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u5468\u56f2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u8a18\u53f7\uff08\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u30d3\u30e5\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u3001\u77e2\u5370\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u3001\u8868\u306e\u30d8\u30c3\u30c0\u30fc\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u77e2\u5370\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u539f\u56e0\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u679c\u3078\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u65e2\u6210\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\uff09\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u304b\uff09\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4e26\u5217\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u65e2\u6210\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306f\u3001\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u5099\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u4e0a\u9650\u3068\u4e0b\u9650\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u4e88\u5099\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e88\u5099\u7684\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u534a\u6e1b\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Positive Impacts&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u304c &#8220;Reduced energy consumption&#8221;, &#8220;Enhanced air quality&#8221; \u3068\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\uff0b\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u3082\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3084\u5358\u306a\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Initial Hypothesis&#8221; \u304b\u3089\u77e2\u5370\uff08\u2192\uff09\u304c\u4f38\u3073\u3066 &#8220;Experimental Findings&#8221; \u3092\u7d4c\u7531\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u77e2\u5370\u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u305f &#8220;Revised Model&#8221; \u306e\u67a0\u5185\u306b\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u521d\u671f\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u5358\u306a\u308b\u53cd\u5fa9\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306b\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bfe\u7167\u8868\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7e26\u5217\u304c &#8220;Method A&#8221; \u3068 &#8220;Method B&#8221;\u3001\u6a2a\u884c\u304c &#8220;Cost&#8221;, &#8220;Time&#8221;, &#8220;Accuracy&#8221; \u3068\u533a\u5206\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001Method B \u306e &#8220;Accuracy&#8221; \u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u7a7a\u6b04\u306f\u3001Method A \u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u512a\u52a3\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6307\u6a19\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Proposed Solutions&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u4e0b\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u7d42\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u554f\u984c\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u539f\u56e0\u300d\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u771f\u7406\u6027\u306e\u307f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u7d42\u70b9\u304c\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u554f\u984c\u306e\u89e3\u6d88\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u672c\u6587\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u9806\u5e8f\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u308a\uff08\u5de6\u304b\u3089\u53f3\u3001\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u4e0b\u3078\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\uff09\u3092\u3001\u4e8c\u6b21\u5143\u7684\u306a\u8996\u899a\u914d\u7f6e\u3078\u3068\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u7fa4\u3068\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306e\u5404\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u76f8\u4e92\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u5927\u9805\u76ee\u304b\u3089\u4e2d\u9805\u76ee\u3001\u5c0f\u9805\u76ee\u3078\u306e\u679d\u5206\u304b\u308c\uff09\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u53cd\u6620\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u884c\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u6bb5\u843d\u69cb\u6210\u3068\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30c9\u30fb\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u5bfe\u5fdc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u306f\u300c\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6587\u3092\u9069\u5f53\u306b\u629c\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u3089\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u30e9\u30a4\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u539f\u5247\uff08\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\uff1d\uff11\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\uff09\u3068\u76f4\u63a5\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u4e0a\u6bb5\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306e\u5404\u8ad6\u30fb\u5b9f\u9a13\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u4e2d\u592e\u90e8\u306e\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5217\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7dcf\u62ec\u304c\u6700\u4e0b\u6bb5\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u6700\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u3069\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u5e38\u306b\u540c\u671f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u540c\u671f\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5225\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5225\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u95a2\u9023\u3065\u3051\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u69cb\u6210\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u540c\u671f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u6570\u3092\u6570\u3048\u3001\u5404\u5927\u554f\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u6210\uff08\u901a\u5e38\uff15\u301c\uff16\u6bb5\u843d\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u69cb\u6210\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u7167\u5408\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u67a0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u306f\u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7b2c\uff12\u6587\uff09\u3092\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u5f79\u5272\uff08\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\uff11\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\uff12\u3001\u7dcf\u5408\u8003\u5bdf\u3001\u63d0\u8a00\uff09\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3068\uff11\u5bfe\uff11\u3067\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0430\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3092\u89e3\u304f\u969b\u3001\u5bfe\u5fdc\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a72\u5f53\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u306b\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6df7\u5165\u3092\u906e\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0420\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u306a\u3044\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u6c17\u3092\u53d6\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u5bfe\u7167\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u304c\u5168\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u304c &#8220;Laboratory Experiment with Sample A&#8221;\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u304c &#8220;Field Experiment with Sample B&#8221; \u3092\u6271\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u4e2d\u592e\u306e\u5de6\u53f3\uff12\u5217\u306b\u4e26\u3093\u3060\u6bd4\u8f03\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u3068\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001Sample A \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u307f\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u306b &#8220;Contrary to the initial expectations, the secondary analysis yielded&#8230;&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ee2\u63db\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Unexpected Findings&#8221; \u307e\u305f\u306f &#8220;Exceptions&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b5\u30d6\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u3053\u306e\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u51dd\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3001\u8fc5\u901f\u306a\u7167\u5408\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u3092\u6271\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u4e0a\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5c0e\u5165\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u6700\u4e0b\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5c55\u671b\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u3092\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6700\u521d\u3068\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e21\u7aef\u3092\u631f\u3080\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3057\u3066\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Practical Challenges&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u3067\u306e\u521d\u671f\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u300d\u3092\u89e3\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u300c\u5b9f\u793e\u4f1a\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ab2\u984c\u300d\u304c\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u540c\u3058\u300c\u56f0\u96e3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u5f15\u304b\u308c\u3066\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u5b9f\u7528\u5316\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u306f\u6700\u7d42\u76e4\u306e\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u69cb\u6210\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u540c\u671f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u30fb\u6642\u9593\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u305d\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3084\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u8996\u899a\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306e\u6d41\u308c\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u672a\u6765\u3078\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u6d41\u308c\uff08\u539f\u56e0\u304b\u3089\u5a92\u4ecb\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u679c\u3078\uff09\u304c\u3001\u77e2\u5370\u3084\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u756a\u53f7\uff08Step 1, Step 2, Step 3\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u65b9\u5411\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u524d\u7f6e\u304d\u3084\u5012\u7f6e\u3001\u56de\u60f3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6642\u9593\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u524d\u5f8c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5074\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u6574\u5e8f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u843d\u5dee\u3092\u88dc\u6b63\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u308a\u9806\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306b\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3001\u77e2\u5370\u4ed8\u304d\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u756a\u53f7\u4ed8\u304d\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5165\u529b\u3068\u51fa\u529b\u306e\u5411\u304d\u304c\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u6a19\u8b58\uff08initially, subsequently, prior to, ultimately \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u6a19\u8b58\uff08consequently, resulted in, due to \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u308a\u9806\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0420\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u30fb\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u914d\u7f6e\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u304c\u62c5\u4fdd\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b &#8220;Phase 1: Preparation \u2192 Phase 2: Implementation \u2192 Phase 3: Evaluation&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001Phase 2 \u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u6e96\u5099\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u8a55\u4fa1\u958b\u59cb\u524d\u307e\u3067\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4ecb\u5165\u63aa\u7f6e\u306e\u307f\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u3067 &#8220;The region currently suffers from deforestation, which began after the railway was built in 1950, despite the preservation law enacted in 1940.&#8221; \u3068\u6642\u9593\u304c\u524d\u5f8c\u3057\u3066\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5e74\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\uff081940 \u2192 1950 \u2192 Present\uff09\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u300c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5b9a \u2192 \u9244\u9053\u5efa\u8a2d \u2192 \u68ee\u6797\u7834\u58ca\u300d\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u306b\u6574\u5e8f\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6b04\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u56e0\u679c\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u7523\u696d\u6392\u6c34\u306e\u6d41\u5165 \u2192 [ \u7a7a\u6b04 ] \u2192 \u9b5a\u985e\u306e\u5927\u91cf\u6b7b\u300d\u3068\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u88ab\u5bb3\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6392\u6c34\u6d41\u5165\u3068\u9b5a\u985e\u6b7b\u706d\u3092\u5a92\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6a5f\u5e8f\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u6c34\u4e2d\u306e\u6eb6\u5b58\u9178\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u6025\u6e1b\uff09\u304c\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u767a\u660e\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u305f\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u8a66\u4f5c\u54c1\u306e\u5b8c\u6210\u300d\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u9806\u901a\u308a\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u6210\u529f\u5f8c\u306e\u7279\u8a31\u53d6\u5f97\u300d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u300c\u7279\u8a31\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u305d\u306e\u767a\u660e\u306f\u3001\u8a66\u4f5c\u54c1\u306e\u5b8c\u6210\u307e\u3067\u306b\uff15\u5e74\u3092\u8981\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5148\u306b\u8a9e\u308b\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u7279\u8a31\u53d6\u5f97\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5f8c\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u306f\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8a66\u4f5c\u54c1\u5b8c\u6210\u306b\u5148\u884c\u3057\u305f\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u8a66\u884c\u932f\u8aa4\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3070\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u7a2e\u5225\u7279\u6027\u3068\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6307\u6a19\u306e\u8fc5\u901f\u7279\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u767b\u5834\u3059\u308b\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306f\u3001\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3001\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3001\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3001\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306a\u3069\u591a\u5c90\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u3057\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u304c\u6c7a\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6570\u5024\u306e\u6d77\u306b\u5451\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u7a2e\u5225\u7279\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6307\u6a19\u304c\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5909\u5316\u91cf\u3068\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\uff08Bar chart\uff09\u3068\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\uff08Line graph\uff09\u306f\u3001\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4f1d\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8cea\u304c\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u9593\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u91cf\u3084\u5272\u5408\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u300d\u3092\u5f97\u610f\u3068\u3057\u3001\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u300c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u6642\u9593\u7d4c\u904e\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u63a8\u79fb\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u5909\u5316\u306e\u52d5\u614b\u300d\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7e26\u8ef8\u304c\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u4eba\u6570\u3001\u30c8\u30f3\u6570\u3001\u91d1\u984d\u306a\u3069\uff09\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u300c\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u6bd4\u7387\u3084\u5909\u5316\u7387\uff08\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u3001\u5897\u6e1b\u7387\u3001\u6307\u6570\u306a\u3069\uff09\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5cfb\u5225\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u5272\u5408\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u3068\u3001\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u6570\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5168\u304f\u5225\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u533a\u5225\u3092\u6020\u308b\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3092\u7f60\u306b\u304b\u3051\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8ef8\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u898b\u8aa4\u308c\u3070\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306f\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6307\u6a19\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u72b6\u304b\u3089\u300c\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u9593\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\uff08\u68d2\uff09\u300d\u304b\u300c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff08\u6298\u308c\u7dda\uff09\u300d\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e3b\u773c\u304c\u5dee\u7570\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u304c\u7d76\u5bfe\u6570\uff08units, people, dollars\uff09\u304b\u76f8\u5bfe\u5024\uff08%, rate, ratio\uff09\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u6020\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5272\u5408\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u5b9f\u6570\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u308b\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u8aad\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u68d2\u3084\u7dda\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\uff08Legend\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u5404\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u3001\u5730\u57df\u5225\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u7e26\u8ef8\u304c &#8220;% of total energy consumption&#8221;\uff08\u7dcf\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u306b\u5360\u3081\u308b\u5272\u5408\uff09\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3042\u308b\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6e90\u306e\u7dda\u304c\u4e0b\u964d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7dcf\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u6025\u5897\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u306f\u5897\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u5f53\u8a72\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u5b89\u6613\u306b\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5272\u5408\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306b\u9078\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\uff12\u3064\u306e\u5e74\uff082010\u5e74\u30682020\u5e74\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff14\u304b\u56fd\u306e\u5931\u696d\u7387\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6642\u9593\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300110\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u9694\u305f\u308a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u56fd\u5bb6\u9593\u683c\u5dee\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u6bd4\u8f03\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u56fd\u540d\u3068\uff12\u672c\u306e\u68d2\u306e\u5dee\u5206\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u304c\uff10\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u300c80\u304b\u3089100\u300d\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u8868\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306a\u6025\u52fe\u914d\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5909\u5316\u91cf\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u6570\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u5fae\u5c0f\u306a\u5909\u52d5\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6570\u5024\u304b\u3089\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u7e26\u8ef8\u304c &#8220;Annual Growth Rate (%)&#8221;\uff08\u5e74\u9593\u6210\u9577\u7387\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7dda\u304c\u53f3\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u306b\u4e0b\u964d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u300c\u751f\u7523\u91cf\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6210\u9577\u7387\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u6a19\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u305b\u305a\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e0b\u964d\u3092\u7d76\u5bfe\u91cf\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u3068\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u6210\u9577\u7387\u304c\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u9818\u57df\uff08\uff10\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u306b\u3042\u308b\u9650\u308a\u3001\u7d76\u5bfe\u91cf\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5897\u52a0\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u920d\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u300c\u751f\u7523\u91cf\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u7de9\u3084\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5909\u5316\u91cf\u3068\u6bd4\u7387\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7279\u6027\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u30fb\u90e8\u5206\u95a2\u4fc2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\uff08Pie chart\uff09\u3084\u5404\u7a2e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\uff08Diagram \/ Schematic figure\uff09\u306f\u3001\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5272\u5408\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5404\u90e8\u54c1\u3084\u6bb5\u968e\u304c\u5168\u4f53\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08Whole-Part relationship\uff09\u300d\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u8cc7\u6599\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u300c100\uff05\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u5272\u5408\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4ed6\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u5272\u5408\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u8981\u7d20\u9593\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3084\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30fb\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u7d4c\u8def\u304c\u77e2\u5370\u3084\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u304c\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3084\u5de5\u696d\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306e\u3069\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u56f3\u89e3\u7a74\u57cb\u3081\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u30fb\u90e8\u5206\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6271\u3046\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u5206\u6790\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3068\u5404\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u5168\u4f53\uff08100\uff05\uff09\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306e\u9806\u4f4d\uff08\u6700\u5927\u30b7\u30a7\u30a2\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u4f4d\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u30b7\u30a7\u30a2\uff09\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;the majority&#8221;, &#8220;accounted for the largest share&#8221;, &#8220;negligible portion&#8221; \u306a\u3069\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3068\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u5185\u306e\u300c\u5165\u529b\uff08Input\uff09\u300d\u300c\u4e2d\u9593\u51e6\u7406\uff08Process\uff09\u300d\u300c\u51fa\u529b\uff08Output\uff09\u300d\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u5411\u304d\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u3066\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08absorb, convert, release \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3068\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u90e8\u4f4d\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8996\u899a\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 &#8220;Renewable Energy Sources&#8221; \u306e\u5185\u8a33\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u592a\u967d\u5149\u304c45\uff05\u3001\u98a8\u529b\u304c35\uff05\u3001\u6c34\u529b\u304c15\uff05\u3001\u30d0\u30a4\u30aa\u30de\u30b9\u304c\uff15\uff05\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;Solar power constituted the primary component, followed closely by wind energy&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u592a\u967d\u5149\u3068\u98a8\u529b\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u304c\u5168\u4f53\u306e\uff18\u5272\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u690d\u7269\u306e\u8449\u306e\u65ad\u9762\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e0a\u5c64\u304b\u3089\u300c\u30af\u30c1\u30af\u30e9\u5c64 \u2192 \u8868\u76ae \u2192 \u67f5\u72b6\u7d44\u7e54 \u2192 \u6d77\u7dbf\u72b6\u7d44\u7e54 \u2192 \u6c17\u5b54\u300d\u3068\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u3068\u9178\u7d20\u306e\u51fa\u5165\u308a\u3092\u793a\u3059\u77e2\u5370\u304c\u6c17\u5b54\u306b\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5149\u5408\u6210\u30ac\u30b9\u4ea4\u63db\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u56f3\u306e\u6700\u4e0b\u5c64\u306e\u958b\u53e3\u90e8\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u8cc7\u6e90\u5faa\u74b0\u578b\u7d4c\u6e08\u306e\u30c0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u300c\u539f\u6599\u63a1\u53d6 \u2192 \u88fd\u9020 \u2192 \u6d88\u8cbb \u2192 \u30ea\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb \u2192 \u518d\u88fd\u9020\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9589\u3058\u305f\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u304c\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;closing the material loop to eliminate waste&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30c0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u5faa\u74b0\u69cb\u9020\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u7279\u5b9a\u90fd\u5e02\u306e\u4ea4\u901a\u624b\u6bb5\u306e\u5185\u8a33\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\uff08\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca50\uff05\u3001\u9244\u905330\uff05\u3001\u81ea\u8ee2\u8eca15\uff05\u3001\u5f92\u6b69\uff15\uff05\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u300c\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306e\u5229\u7528\u8005\u304c\u534a\u6570\u3092\u5360\u3081\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6700\u5927\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3068\u3089\u308f\u308c\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304c &#8220;Progress in Eco-friendly Transit&#8221;\uff08\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u512a\u3057\u3044\u4ea4\u901a\u306e\u9032\u5c55\uff09\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306f\u9244\u9053\u3084\u81ea\u8ee2\u8eca\u306e\u5272\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8fc5\u901f\u306a\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u30fb\u8ef8\u30fb\u5358\u4f4d\u30fb\u6ce8\u8a18\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u57fa\u6e96<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u306e\u7167\u5408\u30df\u30b9\u304c\u6700\u3082\u591a\u767a\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u7dda\u3084\u68d2\u306e\u5f62\u72b6\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u300d\u300c\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u300d\u300c\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u300d\u300c\u6ce8\u8a18\uff08Footnotes\uff09\u300d\u306e\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u3001\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b\u4f8b\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8a18\u8f09\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u300c\u5343\u4eba\uff08in thousands\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u767e\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\uff08in millions\uff09\u300d\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u6570\u5024\u306e\u6841\u3092\u932f\u899a\u3055\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u5100\u793c\u7684\u306a\u88dc\u8db3\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u8aad\u89e3\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u6539\u3081\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5236\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5883\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u7e26\u8ef8\u30fb\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u5909\u6570\u3068\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u305d\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u306f\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6570\u5024\u306b\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u304c\u5358\u306b &#8220;Number of Students&#8221; \u306a\u306e\u304b &#8220;Percentage of Students with Advanced Proficiency&#8221; \u306a\u306e\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u8a9e\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306f\u6839\u672c\u304b\u3089\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u304c &#8220;(in millions of tons)&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u300c\uff15\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6570\u5b57\u306f\u300c500\u4e07\u30c8\u30f3\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u300c5,000\u30c8\u30f3\u300d\u3084\u300c50\u4e07\u30c8\u30f3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6570\u5024\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u9632\u58c1\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5e74\u4ee3\u306e\u523b\u307f\u304c\u300c10\u5e74\u3054\u3068\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u300c\uff15\u5e74\u3054\u3068\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u305f\u6642\u9593\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u306a\u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\uff08Condition A, B, C\uff09\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5909\u5316\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u8aa4\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8ef8\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3079\u304d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u8ef8\u3068\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u6f0f\u308c\u306a\u304f\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u8d70\u67fb\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6700\u4e0a\u90e8\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4f55\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6e2c\u5b9a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306e\u5927\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff13\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u306f\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u50cf\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u6700\u4e0a\u90e8\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5074\u9762\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u62ec\u5f27\u5185\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\uff08%, kg, ppm, index, in billions \u7b49\uff09\u306b\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff13\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306e\u6841\u3084\u5272\u5408\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u306e\u7167\u5408\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u306e\u9593\u9694\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u958b\u59cb\u5e74\u3068\u7d42\u4e86\u5e74\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u306e\u523b\u307f\u5e45\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff14\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\uff13\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u3092\u5408\u8a0810\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u521d\u3081\u3066\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u66f2\u7dda\u3084\u68d2\u306e\u5f62\u72b6\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3078\u3068\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u304c &#8220;Annual Global Carbon Emissions from Transportation&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u304c &#8220;(billion metric tons)&#8221;\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u304c &#8220;1990 to 2020 (at 5-year intervals)&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u30012000\u5e74\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6570\u5024\u300c\uff16\u300d\u3092\u300c60\u5104\u30c8\u30f3\u300d\u3068\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u63db\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;six gigatons&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6a2a\u8ef8\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\uff08Program X, Program Y, Program Z\uff09\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306b &#8220;Average Test Score Gain (points)&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6210\u9577\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u9593\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u5404\u9805\u76ee\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5404\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3068\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u304c &#8220;Relative Risk Index (Baseline = 1.0)&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6570\u5024\u304c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u767a\u75c7\u8005\u6570\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u57fa\u6e96\u7fa4\u30921.0\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306e\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u500d\u7387\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u300c2.5\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5024\u3092\u300c\u767a\u75c7\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e2.5\u500d\u300d\u3068\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u7e26\u8ef8\u306b &#8220;(in thousands)&#8221; \u3068\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u96c7\u7528\u8005\u6570\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u68d2\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u304c\u300c50\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u300c50\u4eba\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u304c\u5275\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u8ef8\u306e\u62ec\u5f27\u5185\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u3092\u7701\u7565\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u88f8\u306e\u6570\u5b57\u306e\u307f\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u5358\u4f4d\u304c\u5343\u4eba\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u300c50\u300d\u306f\u300c\uff15\u4e07\u4eba\uff0850,000\u4eba\uff09\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306f\u6841\u304c\uff13\u3064\u7570\u306a\u308b\u660e\u767d\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u6020\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u521d\u6b69\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u6355\u6349\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u30fb\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u5909\u6570\u3068\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u304b\u3064\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0b\u90e8\u6ce8\u8a18\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8abf\u67fb\u5bfe\u8c61\u30fb\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e0b\u90e8\u306b\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\uff08*\uff09\u3084\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6ce8\u8a18\uff08Note \/ Source \/ Footnote\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9069\u7528\u9650\u754c\u3084\u4f8b\u5916\u898f\u5b9a\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u6e90\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u30fb\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b\u300c\u203b\u305f\u3060\u3057\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\uff0818\u301c24\u6b73\uff09\u306e\u307f\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u305f\u8abf\u67fb\u300d\u300c\u203b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5730\u57df\uff08\u5317\u7c73\u304a\u3088\u3073\u897f\u6b27\uff09\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u9664\u304f\u300d\u300c\u203b\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u304c\u8907\u6570\u56de\u7b54\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u8a2d\u554f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3068\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u6301\u3064\u7279\u6b8a\u306a\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u4e00\u6587\u3053\u305d\u304c\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u5206\u304b\u3064\u5206\u6c34\u5dba\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0b\u90e8\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u67a0\u5916\uff08\u7279\u306b\u4e0b\u90e8\uff09\u306b\u30a2\u30b9\u30bf\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3001\u30c0\u30ac\u30fc\uff08\u2020\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f &#8220;Note:&#8221;, &#8220;Source:&#8221; \u306a\u3069\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff12\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u6ce8\u8a18\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306f\u8996\u7dda\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u306e\u307f\u3067\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u6ce8\u8a18\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u8abf\u67fb\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\uff08\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\uff09\u300d\u300c\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\uff08Excluded categories\uff09\u300d\u300c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Definition of terms\uff09\u300d\u3092\u7cbe\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff18\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7cbe\u8aad\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9069\u7528\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3084\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u3067\u9664\u5916\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\uff08\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0b\u90e8\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b &#8220;*Data includes only full-time permanent employees; part-time and contract workers are excluded.&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u300c\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u8cc3\u91d1\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u300c\u6b63\u898f\u96c7\u7528\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u8cc3\u91d1\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u9650\u5b9a\u3092\u6301\u3064\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6ce8\u8a18\u306b &#8220;*Respondents were allowed to select up to three choices; percentages do not sum to 100%.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5404\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u304c100\uff05\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u9078\u629e\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u305f\u63a8\u8ad6\u3092\u884c\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u533b\u7642\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b &#8220;*Survival rates measured five years post-diagnosis.&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u9577\u671f\u6cbb\u7642\u6210\u7e3e\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\uff15\u5e74\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b &#8220;*Survey conducted solely in urban metropolitan areas with populations over 500,000.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u56fd\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u56fd\u6c11\u306e\u50be\u5411\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u304c &#8220;National Survey on Digital Media Consumption&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5f15\u304b\u308c\u3001\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4e0b\u90e8\u6ce8\u8a18\u306b\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u570f\u9650\u5b9a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u8fb2\u6751\u90e8\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u306a\u50be\u5411\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0b\u90e8\u6ce8\u8a18\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30fb\u6bd4\u7387\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7167\u5408\u57fa\u6e96<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u7a81\u304d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u969b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7a00\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6570\u5024\u3092\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u5272\u5408\u3001\u500d\u6570\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5897\u6e1b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u3078\u3068\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff09\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u9d5c\u5451\u307f\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u7279\u6709\u306e\u6570\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6570\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5185\u5305\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u500d\u6570\u30fb\u5272\u5408\u30fb\u5897\u6e1b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6570\u5024\u63db\u7b97<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6570\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u306f\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u6570\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001&#8221;A is three times as large as B&#8221;\uff08A\u306fB\u306e\uff13\u500d\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540c\u7b49\u6bd4\u8f03\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u3001&#8221;A is three times larger than B&#8221;\uff08A\u306fB\u3088\u308a\uff13\u500d\u5927\u304d\u3044\uff1d\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\uff14\u500d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3046\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u901a\u5e38\uff13\u500d\u306e\u610f\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001&#8221;double&#8221;\uff08\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3001&#8221;triple&#8221;\uff08\uff13\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3001&#8221;quadruple&#8221;\uff08\uff14\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u3084\u3001&#8221;by a factor of five&#8221;\uff08\uff15\u500d\u306b\uff09\u3001&#8221;increased by 50%&#8221;\uff0850\uff05\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\uff1d1.5\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3001&#8221;increased to 150%&#8221;\uff08150\uff05\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\uff1d1.5\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e &#8220;by&#8221;\uff08\u5dee\u5206\u30fb\u5909\u5316\u91cf\u3092\u793a\u3059\uff09\u3068 &#8220;to&#8221;\uff08\u5230\u9054\u70b9\u3092\u793a\u3059\uff09\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u7167\u5408\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6570\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u63db\u7b97\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6570\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\uff08by, to, at\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08double, decline, exceed \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u300c\u5dee\u5206\uff08\u5909\u5316\u3057\u305f\u91cf\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u5230\u9054\u70b9\uff08\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u6570\u5024\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5207\u308a\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u5224\u5225\u304c\u63db\u7b97\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u6570\u5f0f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u3078\u3068\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u63db\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 &#8220;declined by one-third&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u300c\u5143\u306e\u5024 \u00d7 (1 &#8211; 1\/3) = \u5143\u306e\u5024\u306e2\/3\u300d\u3068\u63db\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3084\u6bd4\u7387\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3067\u5c0e\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u63db\u7b97\u5024\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u30672000\u5e74\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c100\u30c8\u30f3\u300d\u30012020\u5e74\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c300\u30c8\u30f3\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;The annual harvest tripled over the two-decade period&#8221; \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f &#8220;increased by two hundred percent&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6570\u7406\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u63db\u7b97\u30fb\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The budget was reduced by 20%&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u57fa\u6e96\u5e74\u306e\u4e88\u7b97\u304c1,000\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u524a\u6e1b\u5f8c\u306e\u4e88\u7b97\u304c\u300c800\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\uff08\u5dee\u5206\u304c200\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\uff09\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u300c200\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u306b\u524a\u6e1b\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff08reduced to 2 million\uff09\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;Domestic production expanded by a factor of four between 2010 and 2015&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u30672010\u5e74\u306e\u68d2\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u304c\u300c25\u300d\u30012015\u5e74\u306e\u68d2\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u304c\u300c100\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\uff14\u500d\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: 2015\u5e74\u306b\u58f2\u4e0a\u304c\u300c1,000\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u300d\u304b\u30892020\u5e74\u306b\u300c2,000\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u300d\u3078\u3068\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;Sales increased to 100% over the five years&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e &#8220;to&#8221; \u3068 &#8220;by&#8221; \u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002&#8221;increased to 100%&#8221; \u306f\u300c100\uff05\uff08\uff1d\u5143\u306e\u984d\uff09\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u58f2\u4e0a\u304c\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306b\u306f &#8220;increased by 100%&#8221;\uff08100\uff05\u5206\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f &#8220;doubled&#8221; \u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u4e00\u8a9e\u306e\u9055\u3044\u304c\u6570\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5909\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u70b9\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u500d\u6570\u30fb\u5272\u5408\u30fb\u5897\u6e1b\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u6570\u7406\u7684\u306b\u63db\u7b97\u3057\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u73fe\u30fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u6570\u5024\u306e\u8a31\u5bb9\u5e45\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u3084\u8abf\u67fb\u5831\u544a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6570\u5024\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6574\u6570\u3067\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u526f\u8a5e\u3084\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002&#8221;approximately&#8221;, &#8220;nearly&#8221;, &#8220;roughly&#8221;, &#8220;about&#8221;, &#8220;around&#8221;\uff08\u7d04\u3001\u304a\u304a\u3088\u305d\uff09\u3001&#8221;almost&#8221;\uff08\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\uff09\u3001&#8221;virtually&#8221;\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306b\uff09\u3001&#8221;just under&#8221;, &#8220;slightly below&#8221;\uff08\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u4e0b\u56de\u3063\u3066\uff09\u3001&#8221;well over&#8221;, &#8220;considerably above&#8221;\uff08\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u4e0a\u56de\u3063\u3066\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8a31\u5bb9\u5e45\uff08Tolerance margin\uff09\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u304c\u7c97\u304f\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u6570\u5024\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u91dd\u3084\u68d2\u304c\u793a\u3059\u5927\u307e\u304b\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8fd1\u4f3c\u30fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u4fee\u98fe\u526f\u8a5e\u30fb\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08approximately, just over, slightly less than \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u300c\u4e0b\u304b\u3089\u306e\u63a5\u8fd1\uff08\u301c\u5f31\uff09\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u300c\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8d85\u904e\uff08\u301c\u5f37\uff09\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u306e\u8a31\u5bb9\u5e45\uff08\u524d\u5f8c\uff09\u300d\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5f01\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u5f01\u5225\u306b\u3088\u308a\u7167\u5408\u306e\u5883\u754c\u304c\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u7dda\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u7dda\u306e\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u4e0a\u304b\u4e0b\u304b\u3001\u4e2d\u9593\u4ed8\u8fd1\u304b\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u8a31\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u8aa4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u68d2\u304c\u300c75\uff05\u300d\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u7dda\u306e\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u4e0b\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u6e2c\u306773\u301c74\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;nearly three-quarters of the participants&#8221;\uff08\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306e\u307b\u307c\uff14\u5206\u306e\uff13\uff09\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f &#8220;just under 75%&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c48\uff05\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067 &#8220;a slight minority&#8221;\uff08\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\uff1d\u904e\u534a\u6570\u3092\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u4e0b\u56de\u308b\uff09\u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u300150\uff05\u3092\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u4e0b\u56de\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c198\u4eba\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;approximately two hundred individuals&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u8a31\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001&#8221;well over two hundred individuals&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f200\u4eba\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u8d85\u904e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u660e\u767d\u306a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c52\uff05\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;almost half of the respondents&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u7167\u5408\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001&#8221;almost&#8221;\uff08\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\uff1d50\uff05\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300148\u301c49\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff09\u3068 &#8220;slightly more than half&#8221;\uff08\u534a\u5206\u3092\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002&#8221;almost half&#8221; \u306f\u534a\u6570\u306b\u672a\u9054\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u904e\u534a\u6570\uff0852\uff05\uff09\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u306f\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f &#8220;slightly over half&#8221; \u3084 &#8220;just over fifty percent&#8221; \u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u7bc4\u56f2\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8a31\u5bb9\u5e45\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16. \u672c\u6587\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u601d\u8003\u529b\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6570\u5024\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u300c\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u7b46\u8005\u3084\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u63d0\u5531\u3057\u305f\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u652f\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u300d\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u4e00\u898b\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u3066\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u3084\u3001\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u53cd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u7279\u7570\u306a\u6570\u5024\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u8a66\u3059\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5b9f\u8a3c\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u7167\u3089\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff11. \u7b46\u8005\u30fb\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u50be\u5411\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306f\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u89b3\u5bdf\u3084\u554f\u984c\u610f\u8b58\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u3066\u300c\u4eee\u8aac\uff08Hypothesis \/ Theory\uff09\u300d\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5b9f\u9a13\u3084\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u300c\u5909\u6570\uff21\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308c\u3070\u5909\u6570\uff22\u3082\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\uff08\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff09\u300d\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6dfb\u4ed8\u3055\u308c\u305f\u56f3\u8868\u304c\u305d\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u66f2\u7dda\u3084\u68d2\u304c\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;This empirical data strongly supports the hypothesis that&#8230;&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u660e\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304b\u3089\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u50be\u5411\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u652f\u6301\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u4eee\u8aac\uff08\u3082\u3057\uff38\u306a\u3089\u3070\uff39\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\uff09\u300d\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u547d\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u793a\u3059\u3079\u304d\u300c\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u308b\u50be\u5411\uff08\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3001\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u3001\uff35\u5b57\u578b\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u7fa4\u306e\u7a81\u51fa\u306a\u3069\uff09\u300d\u3092\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u304c\u7167\u5408\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u305f\u50be\u5411\u3068\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u6570\u5024\u5909\u52d5\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u652f\u6301\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u300c\u7761\u7720\u6642\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u3044\u307b\u3069\u7fcc\u65e5\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306b\u300c\u7761\u7720\u6642\u9593\u300d\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306b\u300c\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u767a\u751f\u6570\u300d\u3092\u3068\u3063\u305f\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u70b9\u304c\u5de6\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\u53f3\u4e0b\u3078\u306e\u4e0b\u964d\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff08\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u5b9f\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6559\u6388\u6cd5\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\uff08Group A\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u8b1b\u7fa9\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\uff08Group B\uff09\u3088\u308a\u3082\u8a9e\u5f59\u5b9a\u7740\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 Group A \u306e\u68d2\u304c Group B \u306e\u68d2\u3092\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u6709\u610f\u306b\u4e0a\u56de\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u50be\u5411\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u652f\u6301\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u300c\u90fd\u5e02\u306e\u7dd1\u5730\u9762\u7a4d\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u5730\u533a\u307b\u3069\u3001\u590f\u671f\u306e\u5730\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\u304c\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7dd1\u5730\u738720\uff05\u300140\uff05\u300160\uff05\u306e\u5404\u5730\u533a\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u6c17\u6e29\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7dd1\u5730\u306e\u51b7\u5374\u52b9\u679c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u7acb\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u7fd2\u6163\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u304c\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u30db\u30eb\u30e2\u30f3\u306e\u5206\u6ccc\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u6291\u5236\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u958b\u59cb\u76f4\u5f8c\u306f\u30db\u30eb\u30e2\u30f3\u5024\u304c\u6025\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3001\uff12\u6642\u9593\u5f8c\u306b\u5b89\u9759\u6642\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306b\u623b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6025\u6027\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u53cd\u5fdc\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u300c\u904b\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30db\u30eb\u30e2\u30f3\u5024\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304b\u3089\u4eee\u8aac\u306f\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u77ed\u7d61\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u8ad6\u3065\u3051\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u9577\u671f\u7684\u306a\u6291\u5236\u52b9\u679c\u3068\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u306a\u6025\u6027\u53cd\u5fdc\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u904b\u52d5\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u751f\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u305a\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u8a3c\u62e0\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff12. \u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u3084\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u53cd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u7279\u7570\u5024\u30fb\u4f8b\u5916\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u691c\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u9577\u5e74\u4fe1\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u300c\u901a\u8aac\uff08Conventional wisdom \/ Common belief\uff09\u300d\u3084\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u50be\u5411\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u8abf\u67fb\u304c\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\uff08Exception\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u7279\u7570\u5024\uff08Anomaly\uff09\u300d\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u8feb\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u304c\u5b9a\u77f3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u66f2\u7dda\u304b\u3089\u5916\u308c\u305f\u7279\u7570\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3084\u3001\u4ed6\u56fd\u3068\u5168\u304f\u9006\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u56fd\u306e\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3055\u306b\u3053\u306e\u53cd\u8a3c\uff08Refutation\uff09\u306e\u52d5\u304b\u306c\u8a3c\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;Contrary to popular belief&#8221;, &#8220;However, one conspicuous exception emerged&#8221;, &#8220;This anomaly challenges the prevailing model&#8221; \u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u306e\u7279\u7570\u5024\u3068\u76f4\u63a5\u306b\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u610f\u5916\u306a\u767a\u898b\uff08Unexpected results\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u691c\u8a0e\u8ab2\u984c\u300d\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u8986\u3059\u7279\u7570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u6279\u5224\u30fb\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u524d\u63d0\u30fb\u901a\u8aac\u300d\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u304c\u53cd\u8a3c\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u50be\u5411\u7dda\u3084\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u660e\u767d\u306b\u5916\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u7570\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff08\u5916\u308c\u5024\u3001\u9006\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u5909\u52d5\u3001\u4e88\u60f3\u5916\u306e\u30bc\u30ed\u5024\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5916\u308c\u5024\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u53cd\u8a3c\u306e\u62e0\u70b9\u304c\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u672c\u6587\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u7b87\u6240\uff08\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3084\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u8b0e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u6b04\u3084\u8003\u5bdf\u6b04\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u300c\u7d4c\u6e08\u6210\u9577\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u4e00\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u901a\u8aac\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308aGDP\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5317\u6b27\u8af8\u56fd\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u3067\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u8131\u540c\u8abf\uff08decoupling\uff09\u73fe\u8c61\u300d\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u3067\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u5229\u7528\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a70\u6b73\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u306e\u307f\u304c\u904e\u53bb\uff13\u5e74\u9593\u6a2a\u3070\u3044\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u7570\u306a\u7dda\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u300c\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30c9\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u3067\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u8907\u6570\u306e\u6297\u9178\u5316\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u305f\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7269\u8cea\uff38\u3060\u3051\u304c\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u3068\u9006\u306b\u7d30\u80de\u9178\u5316\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;pro-oxidant effect at high concentrations&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\u6b04\u3092\u88dc\u5b8c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u901a\u8aac\u3092\u53cd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u7279\u7570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\uff18\u5272\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u901a\u8aac\u901a\u308a\u306e\u50be\u5411\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u300c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u901a\u8aac\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u53cd\u8a3c\u306e\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u305b\u305a\u3001\u591a\u6570\u6c7a\u7684\u306a\u76f4\u611f\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u305f\u3063\u305f\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u3042\u308b\u4f8b\u5916\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u65e2\u5b58\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6253\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3046\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u304c\u305d\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u306e\u50be\u5411\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u7279\u7570\u5024\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u793a\u5506\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3070\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u53cd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u7279\u7570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u3001\u305d\u3053\u3067\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u7167\u5408\u306e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u7279\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8ef8\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u3068\u6570\u5024\u63db\u7b97\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M19]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u69cb\u6210\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u540c\u671f\u306f\u3001\u5404\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6bb5\u843d\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u540c\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M08]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9577\u6587\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u8981\u7d04\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u9577\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u57fa\u790e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u8996\u899a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8996\u5ea7\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u8d70\u67fb\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u3001\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u7a81\u304d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5de7\u5999\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u307f\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u305f\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u8aa4\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u304c\u4e0b\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u306f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u7d71\u5408\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u6587\u8108\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u3001\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u8996\u899a\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9593\u306b\u3042\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6700\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u89e3\u6c7a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u57fa\u790e\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u63db\u8a00\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58\u529b\u3068\u69cb\u6587\u5909\u63db\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u7167\u5408\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3001\u8907\u6570\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7d71\u5408\u3001\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u89e3\u91c8\u3001\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u63db\u7b97\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3001\u8907\u6570\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b9\u3001\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u542b\u610f\u63a8\u8ad6\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4e8c\u91cd\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u6392\u9664\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u539f\u7406\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u904b\u7528\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u3067\u8ff7\u3044\u306a\u304f\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c04\u629c\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u3068\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3084\u69cb\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u9593\u3067\u751f\u3058\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u548c\u6587\u82f1\u8a33\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u5909\u63db<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u547d\u984c\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3001\u8907\u6587\uff09\u3078\u3068\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u4e0a\u3067\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3078\u3068\u5727\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u904e\u7a0b\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M28]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u5224\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u6301\u3064\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3068\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5404\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\uff08Semantic equivalence\uff09\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u4e0a\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u4e0a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u8ee2\u8a18\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5927\u5e45\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3084\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u5727\u7e2e\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u4fee\u98fe\u3092\u524a\u304e\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e2d\u6838\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u9805\u76ee\u3078\u3068\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u88dc\u5145\u306f\u300c\u672c\u6587\u3068\u540c\u3058\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u4f5c\u696d\u300d\u3068\u8aa4\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u56de\u907f\u3057\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3078\u306e\u7f6e\u63db\u3001\u54c1\u8a5e\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\u3089\u540d\u8a5e\u3078\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304b\u3089\u526f\u8a5e\u3078\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\uff08\u80fd\u52d5\u304b\u3089\u53d7\u52d5\u3078\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8a9e\u9806\u5909\u66f4\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u5168\u304f\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u76ee\u7acb\u3064\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3092\u6563\u308a\u3070\u3081\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b6a\u3081\u305f\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u7f60\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u591a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u983c\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u8868\u3059\u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u8868\u3059\u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u672c\u6587\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\uff33\u30fb\uff36\u30fb\uff2f\uff09\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u547d\u984c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3092\u524a\u304e\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u547d\u984c\u9aa8\u683c\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5404\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u80fd\u52d5\u53d7\u52d5\u304c\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u547d\u984c\u306e\u771f\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0420\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u8868\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u591a\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u5ba2\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u7591\u3063\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u53cd\u8a3c\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u304c &#8220;The implementation of automated surveillance systems fundamentally diminished worker autonomy.&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;Employees experienced a substantial loss of operational independence.&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001implementation\uff08\u5c0e\u5165\uff09\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u80cc\u666f\u3078\u9000\u304d\u3001worker autonomy \u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u304c employee \u306e independence \u306e\u55aa\u5931\u3078\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7b49\u4fa1\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u3067 &#8220;The excessive application of chemical fertilizers severely compromised soil biodiversity&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b &#8220;Agricultural runoff degrading subterranean ecosystems&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001fertilizers \u306e\u904e\u5270\u65bd\u7528\u304c\u8fb2\u696d\u6d41\u51fa\u6c34\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u63db\u8a00\u3055\u308c\u3001\u571f\u58cc\u751f\u7269\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u304c\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u52a3\u5316\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587\u304c &#8220;Recent technological innovations enabled researchers to bypass traditional bureaucratic procedures&#8221; \u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;New digital tools eliminated procedural bottlenecks in research administration&#8221; \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001innovations \u304c digital tools \u306b\u3001bypass \u304c eliminate bottlenecks \u306b\u7b49\u4fa1\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The researchers meticulously documented the continuous decline of arctic sea ice over three decades&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;The arctic sea ice documented the researchers&#8217; decline over three decades&#8221; \u3092\u3001\u540c\u3058\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u591a\u304f\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u3067\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u307f\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u6c37\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f\u6c37\u304c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u5ba2\u9006\u8ee2\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3055\u308c\u305f\u547d\u984c\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u6368\u8c61\u3068\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9078\u629e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u7d0d\u5f97\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5730\u540d\u3084\u56fa\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u306b\u76db\u308a\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8981\u7d04\u5a92\u4f53\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u60c5\u5831\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u500b\u5225\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\uff08Hypernym\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u300c\u30ea\u30f3\u30b4\u3001\u30aa\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u3001\u30d0\u30ca\u30ca\u306e\u53ce\u7a6b\u91cf\u304c\u6fc0\u6e1b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306f\u500b\u5225\u306e\u679c\u7269\u306e\u540d\u79f0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u679c\u6a39\u8fb2\u696d\u3078\u306e\u58ca\u6ec5\u7684\u6253\u6483\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u8fb2\u696d\u751f\u7523\u9ad8\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306b\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u596a\u308f\u308c\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u904e\u8aa4\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u6368\u8c61\u3057\u3066\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u56fa\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u500b\u5225\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3001\u4f8b\u793a\u6a19\u8b58\uff08for example, such as, including \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u6587\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u300c\u652f\u6301\u4f8b\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u62ec\u5f27\u62ec\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u8996\u91ce\u304b\u3089\u5916\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u304c\u9732\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u62ec\u5f27\u62ec\u308a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u7fa4\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u300d\u3084\u300c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u50be\u5411\u300d\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u8c61\u304b\u3089\u5171\u901a\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u4f8b\u306e\u7f85\u5217\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u4f4e\u5c64\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u300c\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u904b\u8ee2\u624b\u3001\u5009\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u3001\u6e2f\u6e7e\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u4e0d\u8db3\u300d\u304c\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u500b\u5225\u8077\u7a2e\u3092\u5217\u6319\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001&#8221;Severe labor shortages across the entire supply chain network&#8221;\uff08\u30b5\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u7db2\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u4eba\u624b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u30a2\u30eb\u30c4\u30cf\u30a4\u30de\u30fc\u75c5\u3001\u30d1\u30fc\u30ad\u30f3\u30bd\u30f3\u75c5\u3001\u7b4b\u840e\u7e2e\u6027\u5074\u7d22\u786c\u5316\u75c7\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u65b0\u85ac\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u300d\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u9805\u76ee\u3068\u3057\u3066\u500b\u5225\u306e\u75c5\u540d\u3092\u6319\u3052\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9000\u3051\u3001&#8221;Targeting progressive neurodegenerative disorders&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u77f3\u70ad\u706b\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u306e\u9589\u9396\u3001\u30ac\u30bd\u30ea\u30f3\u8eca\u306e\u8ca9\u58f2\u7981\u6b62\u3001\u5de5\u5834\u306e\u6392\u30ac\u30b9\u898f\u5236\u5f37\u5316\u300d\u304c\u5217\u6319\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u4e0b\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u3001&#8221;Decisive policy interventions to curb fossil fuel dependency&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u300c\u3042\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6751\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u592a\u967d\u5149\u30d1\u30cd\u30eb\u306e\u8a2d\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u308a\u4e95\u6238\u6c34\u306e\u6c72\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u96fb\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u4fdd\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8fb2\u696d\u751f\u7523\u304c\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u611f\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u7d39\u4ecb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6210\u679c\u6b04\u306b\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6751\u3067\u4e95\u6238\u6c34\u306e\u6c72\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u304c\u6210\u529f\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u3092\u63fa\u3055\u3076\u308b\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u300c\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u5206\u6563\u578b\u518d\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u304c\u8ca7\u56f0\u5730\u57df\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u81ea\u7acb\u306b\u679c\u305f\u3059\u5f79\u5272\u300d\u3092\u4f8b\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e00\u4f8b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u3075\u3055\u308f\u3057\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6751\u306e\u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u60c5\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5206\u6563\u578b\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u6368\u8c61\u3068\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u5b9f\u9a13\u30fb\u8abf\u67fb\u624b\u9806\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u7167\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u3084\u8abf\u67fb\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d71\u5236\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u3055\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u306e\u9078\u5b9a\u57fa\u6e96\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u6295\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u91cf\u3084\u671f\u9593\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5b9f\u9a13\u624b\u9806\u304c\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5074\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u304c\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3084\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u56f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8996\u899a\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u9023\u9396\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6574\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u306f\u3001\u300c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\uff08Independent variable\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\uff08Controlled variables\uff1a\u516c\u5e73\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306b\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u300d\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u300c\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff21\u306b\u306f\u7269\u8cea\uff38\u3092\u6bce\u65e510\u30df\u30ea\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u6295\u4e0e\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff22\u306b\u306f\u30d7\u30e9\u30bb\u30dc\u3092\u6295\u4e0e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5ba4\u6e29\u3084\u98df\u4e8b\u306a\u3069\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u5168\u74b0\u5883\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7cfb\u5217\u306f\u3001\u7269\u8cea\uff38\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3068\u3044\u3046\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\u306e\u307f\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u53cd\u6620\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u8aa4\u308a\u3001\u4ea4\u7d61\u5909\u6570\u3092\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3068\u932f\u899a\u3057\u305f\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u8aac\u660e\u90e8\u5206\u304b\u3089\u300c\u4f55\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u4f55\u304c\u5747\u4e00\u306b\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u8868\u30e1\u30e2\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u4ed5\u5206\u3051\u304c\u7167\u5408\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3084\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5404\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff08Group A, Group B \u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u300c\u7d71\u5236\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\u3092\u3042\u305f\u304b\u3082\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5dee\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u305f\u8981\u56e0\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u771f\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u690d\u7269\u306e\u751f\u80b2\u5b9f\u9a13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5149\u91cf\u306f\u5168\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u4e00\u5b9a\uff0812\u6642\u9593\u7167\u5c04\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3001\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u6c34\u5206\u91cf\u306e\u307f\u3092\uff13\u6bb5\u968e\uff08\u4f4e\u30fb\u4e2d\u30fb\u9ad8\uff09\u306b\u5909\u3048\u305f\u300d\u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6a2a\u8ef8\u304c\u300c\u571f\u58cc\u6c34\u5206\u91cf\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u300c\u5149\u306e\u7167\u5c04\u6642\u9593\u306e\u9055\u3044\u304c\u751f\u80b2\u5dee\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u306e\u8aa4\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u65b0\u85ac\u306e\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u306f\u5e74\u9f62\u30fb\u6027\u5225\u30fb\u521d\u671f\u75c7\u72b6\u306e\u91cd\u75c7\u5ea6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u504f\u308a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u7121\u4f5c\u70ba\u306b\uff12\u7fa4\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\uff08randomized double-blind trial\uff09\u300d\u3068\u5f37\u8abf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\uff12\u7fa4\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u521d\u671f\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u60a3\u8005\u306e\u5e74\u9f62\u5dee\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5b9f\u9a13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\u306f\u9a12\u97f3\u306e\u3042\u308b\u90e8\u5c4b\u3068\u9759\u304b\u306a\u90e8\u5c4b\u3067\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a18\u61b6\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\u306f\u300c\u9a12\u97f3\u306e\u6709\u7121\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u306b\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u624b\u9806\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u88dc\u5b8c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30de\u30a6\u30b9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u65b0\u85ac\u6295\u4e0e\u5b9f\u9a13\u3067\u300c\u9ad8\u7528\u91cf\u7fa4\u3001\u4f4e\u7528\u91cf\u7fa4\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\uff13\u7fa4\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u9ad8\u8102\u80aa\u98df\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u7d9a\u3051\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u300c\u9ad8\u8102\u80aa\u98df\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30de\u30a6\u30b9\u304c\u6700\u3082\u4f53\u91cd\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\uff13\u7fa4\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u9ad8\u8102\u80aa\u98df\uff09\u3092\u3001\u7fa4\u9593\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u64cd\u4f5c\u5909\u6570\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u306f\u65b0\u85ac\u304c\u4f53\u91cd\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u6291\u5236\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u7fa4\u304c\u9ad8\u8102\u80aa\u98df\u3092\u6442\u53d6\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u9ad8\u8102\u80aa\u98df\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f\u7fa4\u9593\u306e\u5dee\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7740\u76ee\u3059\u3079\u304d\u306f\u65b0\u85ac\u306e\u6295\u4e0e\u91cf\u3068\u4f53\u91cd\u5909\u5316\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u56f3\u8868\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3078\u306e\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5de5\u696d\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u5faa\u74b0\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u7acb\u6848\u3068\u5b9f\u884c\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u591a\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u6271\u3046\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u300c\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9806\u5e8f\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u4e0a\u306e\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306a\u9032\u884c\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u300c\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u304c\u5192\u982d\u3067\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8a66\u884c\u932f\u8aa4\u300d\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306a\u3069\u3001\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u304c\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u6642\u9593\u9806\u5e8f\u3068\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u6210\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u308a\u9806\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u306b\u6d41\u3057\u8fbc\u3080\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u6642\u9593\u7684\u306a\u5148\u5f8c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u5404\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3078\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30af\u30a8\u30f3\u30b9\u6a19\u8b58\uff08initially, next, subsequently, after which, the final stage is \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u8a18\u8ff0\u9806\u5e8f\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u3089\u305a\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u300d\u3092\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u3067\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0420\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u304c\u8aa4\u8aad\u3092\u906e\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u5185\u306e\u65e2\u6210\u306e\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u6587\u8a00\u3068\u3001\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3067\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u300c\u3069\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3068\u3069\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u304b\u3089\u306e\u51fa\u529b\uff08Output\uff09\u304c\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u5165\u529b\uff08Input\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u5ec3\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u30ea\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u30da\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u72b6\u306e\u518d\u751f\u6a39\u8102\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5148\u7acb\u3061\u3001\u56de\u53ce\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u624b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u9078\u5225\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7834\u7815\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u9ad8\u6e29\u3067\u6d17\u6d44\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u300c\u56de\u53ce \u2192 \u9078\u5225 \u2192 \u7834\u7815 \u2192 \u6d17\u6d44 \u2192 \u30da\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u5316\u300d\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3001\u9078\u5225\u3068\u6d17\u6d44\u306e\u9593\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u300c\u7834\u7815\uff08shredding\uff09\u300d\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u751f\u7269\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u5408\u6210\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u5b8c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u304c\u5c0f\u80de\u4f53\u3078\u9001\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30dc\u30bd\u30fc\u30e0\u304cmRNA\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u3092\u9023\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u9006\u9806\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u300cmRNA\u7d50\u5408 \u2192 [ \u7a7a\u6b04 ] \u2192 \u5c0f\u80de\u4f53\u3078\u306e\u8f38\u9001\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u306e\u9023\u7d50\uff08peptide chain elongation\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u653f\u7b56\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u5e02\u6c11\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30d1\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u516c\u52df \u2192 \u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u4f5c\u6210 \u2192 [ \u7a7a\u6b04 ] \u2192 \u8b70\u4f1a\u3067\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u63a1\u6c7a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u300c\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u672c\u4f1a\u8b70\u306b\u4e0a\u7a0b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u300c\u8b70\u4f1a\u3078\u306e\u6cd5\u6848\u63d0\u51fa\uff08submission of the revised bill to the legislature\uff09\u300d\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u6c34\u8cea\u6d44\u5316\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u958b\u767a\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u305f\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u300c\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6c88\u6bbf\u7269\u9664\u53bb\u300d\u306e\u6b21\u306e\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3067\u5f37\u8abf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u6d44\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6c34\u306e\u5730\u57df\u914d\u6c34\u300d\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3079\u304d\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u5229\u7528\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u98db\u3073\u8d8a\u3057\u3066\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u6c88\u6bbf\u7269\u9664\u53bb\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u914d\u6c34\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u524d\u306b\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u300c\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u6bba\u83cc\uff08disinfection\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u6bd2\u7d20\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5206\u89e3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u4e2d\u9593\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u304c\u793a\u3059\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u9593\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u9078\u3070\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3078\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u30fb\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u691c\u8a3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u793a\u3059\u300c\uff12\u3064\u306e\u5909\u6570\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08Correlation\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u300c\uff12\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08Causation\uff09\u300d\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u9694\u305f\u308a\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u3067\uff12\u3064\u306e\u7dda\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u9650\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u300c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u98db\u8e8d\u3055\u305b\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u8aa4\u7b54\u3084\u3001\u9006\u306b\u672c\u6587\u3067\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u56e0\u679c\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u5909\u6570\u3092\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u305f\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u5de7\u5999\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3057\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u8a00\u660e\u3092\u3069\u3053\u307e\u3067\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u30fb\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u5e30\u7d50\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9023\u52d5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff08\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff1aPositive correlation\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f &#8220;As X increases, Y also tends to rise&#8221;, &#8220;X is positively correlated with Y&#8221;, &#8220;Higher levels of X lead to greater Y&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u9023\u52d5\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff08\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff1aNegative correlation\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001&#8221;An increase in X corresponds to a marked decline in Y&#8221;, &#8220;X is inversely related to Y&#8221; \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u5e30\u7d50\u8868\u73fe\uff08because, consequently, therefore \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\uff38\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u304c\uff39\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3079\u3070\u3001\u7b26\u53f7\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6563\u5e03\u56f3\u3084\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u5909\u6570\uff38\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u5f93\u5c5e\u5909\u6570\uff39\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u6b63\uff09\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u8ca0\uff09\u3001\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\uff08\u7121\u76f8\u95a2\uff09\u3092\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u7b26\u53f7\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u7167\u5408\u306e\u51fa\u767a\u70b9\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u300c\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff0f\u4fc3\u9032\u8981\u56e0\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u300c\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff0f\u963b\u5bb3\u8981\u56e0\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u52d5\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\uff08enhance, facilitate, promote vs. inhibit, suppress, diminish\uff09\u304b\u3089\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\uff0b\u304b\u2212\u304b\uff09\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6975\u6027\uff08\u4fc3\u9032\u304b\u6291\u5236\u304b\uff09\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u300c\u6e29\u5ba4\u52b9\u679c\u30ac\u30b9\u6fc3\u5ea6\u300d\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3064\u308c\u3066\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u300c\u6d77\u6d0b\u9178\u6027\u5ea6\uff08pH\u5024\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff09\u300d\u304c\u9032\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c &#8220;The accumulation of emissions is directly responsible for diminishing the alkalinity of ocean waters&#8221; \u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u50be\u5411\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;diminishing&#8221;\uff08\u6e1b\u5c11\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u6027\u304c\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u4f01\u696d\u306e\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u6295\u8cc7\u984d\u300d\u3068\u300c\u7279\u8a31\u53d6\u5f97\u4ef6\u6570\u300d\u304c\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;Aggressive financial allocation to exploratory research significantly facilitated intellectual property generation&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001&#8221;facilitated&#8221;\uff08\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3068\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u7761\u7720\u6642\u9593\u3068\u80a5\u6e80\u6307\u6570\u306e\u9593\u306b\uff35\u5b57\u578b\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff08\u77ed\u3059\u304e\u3066\u3082\u9577\u3059\u304e\u3066\u3082\u6307\u6570\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\uff09\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u6b8a\u306a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c &#8220;Both insufficient and excessive sleep are associated with elevated risks&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u6b63\u30fb\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e21\u6975\u7aef\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u9ad8\u307e\u308b\u975e\u7dda\u5f62\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6349\u3048\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u9593\u3068\u5b66\u696d\u6210\u7e3e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u660e\u767d\u306a\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u9593\u304c\u9577\u3044\u307b\u3069\u6210\u7e3e\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\uff09\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u300c\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u5b66\u696d\u6210\u7e3e\u304c\u5411\u4e0a\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7dda\u306e\u50be\u304d\uff08\u53f3\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u3001\u300c\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u7fd2\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5148\u5165\u89b3\u3092\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u6295\u5f71\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u8ca0\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u7591\u4f3c\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u6392\u9664\u3068\u672c\u6587\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u771f\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306b\uff12\u3064\u306e\u5909\u6570\uff21\u3068\uff22\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\uff21\u304c\uff22\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u306f\u9650\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7b2c\uff13\u306e\u6f5c\u5728\u5909\u6570\uff23\uff08\u4ea4\u7d61\u56e0\u5b50\uff1aConfounding variable\uff09\u304c\uff21\u3068\uff22\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u300c\u7591\u4f3c\u76f8\u95a2\uff08Spurious correlation\uff09\u300d\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u300c\u30a2\u30a4\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u58f2\u4e0a\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6c34\u96e3\u4e8b\u6545\u306e\u4ef6\u6570\u300d\u306f\u5f37\u3044\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u304c\u3001\u524d\u8005\u304c\u5f8c\u8005\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\uff08\u5909\u6570\uff23\uff09\u300d\u304c\u4e21\u65b9\u3092\u72ec\u7acb\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7b2c\uff13\u306e\u5909\u6570\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7834\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5909\u6570\u9593\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u771f\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7591\u4f3c\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304d\u771f\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u3067\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff12\u3064\u306e\u5909\u6570\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u300c\u5909\u6570\uff21\u304c\u5909\u6570\uff22\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u898b\u65b9\u3092\u6279\u5224\u30fb\u7559\u4fdd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\uff08&#8221;However, correlation does not imply causation&#8221;, &#8220;A third factor actually accounts for this link&#8221; \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u771f\u306e\u5a92\u4ecb\u5909\u6570\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5171\u901a\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u7b2c\uff13\u306e\u8981\u56e0\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u8aac\u660e\u6b04\u306b\u305d\u306e\u5a92\u4ecb\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u300c\u90fd\u5e02\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8857\u706f\u306e\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6570\u300d\u3068\u300c\u72af\u7f6a\u767a\u751f\u4ef6\u6570\u300d\u304c\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u5730\u533a\u307b\u3069\u8857\u706f\u304c\u591a\u304f\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u540c\u6642\u306b\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u96c6\u3086\u3048\u306b\u72af\u7f6a\u4ef6\u6570\u3082\u591a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8857\u706f\u304c\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u8a98\u767a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u304c\u53cc\u65b9\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5171\u901a\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u300c\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u306e\u6442\u53d6\u91cf\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5fc3\u75be\u60a3\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u300d\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u611b\u98f2\u8005\u304c\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306b\u9069\u5ea6\u306a\u904b\u52d5\u7fd2\u6163\u3084\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u98df\u751f\u6d3b\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u50be\u5411\uff08\u751f\u6d3b\u7fd2\u6163\u306e\u5065\u5168\u3055\uff09\u304c\u771f\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u300d\u3068\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b3\u30fc\u30d2\u30fc\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306e\u85ac\u7406\u4f5c\u7528\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4ea4\u7d61\u56e0\u5b50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u751f\u6d3b\u7fd2\u6163\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u5150\u7ae5\u306e\u300c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5185\u306e\u8535\u66f8\u6570\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5b66\u696d\u6210\u7e3e\u300d\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u89aa\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u6e96\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5bb6\u5ead\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u30fb\u6642\u9593\u7684\u4f59\u88d5\u304c\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u62bc\u3057\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u306b\u300c\u672c\u3092\u591a\u304f\u8cb7\u3048\u3070\u5b66\u529b\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3059\u308b\u77ed\u7d61\u7684\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u8ad6\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u300c\u671d\u98df\u306e\u6442\u53d6\u983b\u5ea6\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5e74\u53ce\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u300d\u304c\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u8abf\u67fb\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\u6b04\u306b\u300c\u56fd\u6c11\u306e\u5e74\u53ce\u3092\u5897\u5927\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u671d\u98df\u306e\u6442\u53d6\u3092\u7fa9\u52d9\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7121\u6279\u5224\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u8996\u3057\u305f\u601d\u8003\u306e\u98db\u8e8d\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f\u300c\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u5c31\u52b4\u5f62\u614b\u3084\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u671d\u98df\u6442\u53d6\u3068\u9ad8\u53ce\u5165\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u4ea4\u7d61\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u671d\u98df\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u53ce\u5165\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3059\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3042\u308b\u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3084\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u3053\u305d\u304c\u771f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u898b\u629c\u304b\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u7591\u4f3c\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u672c\u6587\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u771f\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u8907\u6570\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u7d71\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7cfb\u5217\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u7570\u306a\u308b\u56fd\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u51e6\u7f6e\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u305f\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u9593\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u3001\u6700\u4e0a\u7d1a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u8868\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08while, whereas, in contrast, on the other hand \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u99c6\u4f7f\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u4ea4\u5dee\u3059\u308b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u56f3\u8868\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u8ef8\u3092\u6d6e\u304d\u5f6b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u6b04\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u3068\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u6570\u5024\u5dee\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u8868\u73fe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u6839\u5e79\u306f\u3001\u300c\u4ecb\u5165\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff08Experimental group\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u4ecb\u5165\u3092\u884c\u308f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff08Control group\uff09\u300d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u5dee\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u6709\u610f\u306a\u5dee\u7570\uff08\u5dee\u5206\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u304b\u304c\u68d2\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u3084\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u3053\u306e\u5dee\u5206\u304c &#8220;significantly higher than the control group&#8221;, &#8220;demonstrated a twofold increase compared to untreated samples&#8221;, &#8220;failed to show any measurable divergence from the baseline&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6bd4\u8f03\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\uff08\u5b9f\u7dda\u304b\u70b9\u7dda\u304b\u3001\u9ed2\u3044\u68d2\u304b\u767d\u3044\u68d2\u304b\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7fa4\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7fa4\u9593\u6bd4\u8f03\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u3069\u306e\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u300c\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff08Control\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3069\u306e\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff08Experimental \/ Treatment\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6975\u3081\u3066\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u6bd4\u8f03\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300cthan \/ compared to \u306e\u5f8c\u308d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\uff09\u300d\u3092\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u512a\u52a3\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08higher, lower, more effective \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u3068\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u5782\u76f4\u65b9\u5411\u30fb\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u56f3\u8868\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672a\u51e6\u7406\u306e\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff08Control\uff09\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u5897\u6b96\u7387\u304c\u68d2\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u300c20\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff21\u3092\u6295\u4e0e\u3057\u305f\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff08Treatment A\uff09\u304c\u300c60\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;Treatment A exhibited a three-fold enhancement in proliferation relative to the untreated control&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\uff13\u500d\u306e\u4fc3\u9032\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08Experimental\uff09\u3068\u5f93\u6765\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08Control\uff09\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u5e73\u5747\u70b9\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u5dee\u304c\u8a66\u9a13\u76f4\u5f8c\u306f\u9855\u8457\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\uff11\u304b\u6708\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u6c34\u6e96\u306b\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The performance advantage observed initially disappeared over the long term&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u85ac\u5264\u6295\u4e0e\u5f8c\u306e\u8840\u5727\u5909\u5316\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u7dda\u304c\u6a2a\u3070\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u85ac\u5264\u6295\u4e0e\u7fa4\u306e\u7dda\u304c\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u4e0b\u964d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The active compound induced a statistically significant reduction in blood pressure compared to the baseline&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u964d\u5727\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u7acb\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u3067\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff08\u9ed2\u3044\u68d2\uff09\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c40\u300d\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff08\u767d\u3044\u68d2\uff09\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c80\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The control group showed lower values than the experimental group&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u9006\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u767d\u9ed2\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff0880\uff09\u306f\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff0840\uff09\u3088\u308a\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u5024\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f &#8220;The experimental group exhibited a substantial reduction compared to the control group&#8221; \u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e3b\u5ba2\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u7d30\u5fc3\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u3092\u6255\u308f\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u3068\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u6570\u5024\u5dee\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u9593\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f3\u8868\u304c\u300c\u56fd\u5225\u300d\u00d7\u300c\u5e74\u4ee3\u5225\u300d\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u6027\u5225\u300d\u00d7\u300c\u88fd\u54c1\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u5225\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\uff12\u3064\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u304c\u4ea4\u5dee\uff08Cross-tabulation\uff09\u3057\u305f\u8907\u5408\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8907\u96d1\u5ea6\u306f\u98db\u8e8d\u7684\u306b\u5897\u5927\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u300c\u82e5\u5e74\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u56fd\uff21\u304c\u56fd\uff22\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u9ad8\u9f62\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u305d\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u4ea4\u5dee\u7684\u30fb\u9006\u8ee2\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\uff08Interaction effect\uff09\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4e00\u9762\u7684\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u8996\u70b9\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5207\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u3084\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3055\u306b\u3053\u306e\u300c\u4ea4\u5dee\u3059\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u30bb\u30eb\u300d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u554f\u3046\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4ea4\u5dee\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u884c\u3068\u5217\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6a2a\u8ef8\u3068\u51e1\u4f8b\u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u3069\u306e\u5206\u985e\u57fa\u6e96\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u6a2a\u8ef8\uff1d\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\uff1d\u56fd\u540d\uff09\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u4e8c\u6b21\u5143\u30de\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4e8c\u6b21\u5143\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u5206\u6790\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u8ef8\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u300c\u56fd\uff21\u306e\u300d\u300c\u82e5\u5e74\u5c64\u300d\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u7167\u6e96\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3068\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u540c\u56fd\u306e\u4ed6\u5e74\u4ee3\u3001\u540c\u5e74\u4ee3\u306e\u4ed6\u56fd\uff09\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u8a9e\u53e5\uff08whereas, reversed, outpaced \u7b49\uff09\u3068\u7a81\u304d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7a7a\u6b04\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u6a2a\u8ef8\u304c\u300c\u5e74\u9f62\u5c64\uff0810\u4ee3\u300120\u4ee3\u300130\u4ee3\u300140\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u300d\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\u304c\u300c\u96fb\u5b50\u66f8\u7c4d\u5229\u7528\u7387\u300d\u3068\u300c\u7d19\u5a92\u4f53\u5229\u7528\u7387\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300120\u4ee3\u307e\u3067\u306f\u96fb\u5b50\u66f8\u7c4d\u304c\u7d19\u5a92\u4f53\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u300130\u4ee3\u4ee5\u964d\u3067\u7d19\u5a92\u4f53\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u512a\u4f4d\u306b\u7acb\u3064\u4ea4\u5dee\u50be\u5411\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The preference for digital formats is predominantly concentrated in younger demographics, with traditional print regaining dominance from the fourth decade of life&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\uff14\u304b\u56fd\uff08\u56fd\uff37\u3001\uff38\u3001\uff39\u3001\uff3a\uff09\u306e\u300c\u518d\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6bd4\u7387\u300d\u3068\u300c\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308aGDP\u300d\u304c\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u4e00\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308aGDP\u304c\u6700\u3082\u4f4e\u3044\u56fd\uff3a\u304c\u3001\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u518d\u30a8\u30cd\u6bd4\u7387\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u3001\u8868\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u884c\u3068\u5217\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u30bb\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7279\u8a18\u4e8b\u9805\u6b04\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u90fd\u5e02\u90e8\u3068\u8fb2\u6751\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u666e\u53ca\u7387\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5e73\u5747\u4e16\u5e2f\u53ce\u5165\u300d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30de\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;The digital divide is most pronounced in low-income rural sectors, whereas high-income urban households show near-universal connectivity regardless of geography&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8907\u5c64\u7684\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u300c\u7537\u6027\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u5b9f\u65bd\u7387\u306f\u5e74\u9f62\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5973\u6027\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u5b9f\u65bd\u7387\u306f50\u4ee3\u3067\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7537\u5973\u00d7\u5e74\u9f62\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u300c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7537\u6027\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u5b9f\u65bd\u7387\u304c\u5973\u6027\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u300120\u4ee3\u308430\u4ee3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7537\u6027\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3051\u3092\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u300150\u4ee3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5973\u6027\u306e\u7dda\u304c\u7537\u6027\u306e\u7dda\u3092\u8ffd\u3044\u629c\u3044\u3066\u4ea4\u5dee\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u4ea4\u5dee\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u5168\u533a\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u512a\u52a3\u306e\u56fa\u5b9a\u3092\u7591\u3044\u3001\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u306b\u63a2\u7d22\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u9593\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3057\u672c\u6587\u3068\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u672c\u6587\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u30fb\u9006\u8ee2\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u89e3\u91c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u300c\u4e88\u60f3\u5916\u306e\u843d\u3061\u8fbc\u307f\u300d\u300c\u7a81\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u300d\u300c\u7406\u8ad6\u66f2\u7dda\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u30ba\u30ec\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u7570\u5e38\u5024\uff08Outliers \/ Anomalies\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306e\u5951\u6a5f\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3053\u305d\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u305d\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3084\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u305f\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u4e00\u822c\u7684\u50be\u5411\u304b\u3089\u4e56\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u672c\u6587\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u63a8\u79fb\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u3060\u3051\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5782\u76f4\u306b\u6025\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3060\u3051\u304c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u4e88\u6e2c\u3068\u771f\u9006\u306e\u6319\u52d5\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8a73\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u306f &#8220;This sudden drop can be attributed to&#8230;&#8221;, &#8220;The exceptional spike observed in 2008 was precipitated by&#8230;&#8221;, &#8220;Researchers explained this discrepancy by pointing to&#8230;&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u7279\u8a18\u4e8b\u9805\uff08Notes on Anomalies\uff09\u300d\u3084\u7a7a\u6b04\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u767a\u751f\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u554f\u3046\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u306e\u5909\u5247\u70b9\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8aac\u3078\u76f4\u884c\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u7dda\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7279\u7570\u5024\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3092\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u50be\u5411\u7dda\u304b\u3089\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u9038\u8131\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u5e74\u3001\u7570\u5e38\u306a\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e0d\u9023\u7d9a\u306a\u30ae\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\uff08\u7279\u7570\u5024\uff09\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u8996\u899a\u7684\u5909\u5247\u70b9\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u304c\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u30bf\u30fc\u30b2\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u300c2010\u5e74\u300d\u300c\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30ebNo.4\u300d\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u305d\u306e\u5e74\u53f7\u3084\u6a19\u8b58\u540d\u304c\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u767a\u751f\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\uff08\u6cd5\u6539\u6b63\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u8aa4\u5dee\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u5371\u6a5f\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u7a7a\u6b04\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: 1990\u5e74\u304b\u30892020\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306e\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u786b\u9ec4\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u30011995\u5e74\u3060\u3051\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u304c\u7a81\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u8df3\u306d\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u7570\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u300c1995\u5e74\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u706b\u5c71\u5674\u706b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u5927\u6c17\u4e2d\u3078\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u30ac\u30b9\u304c\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u6ce8\u8a18\u6b04\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u85ac\u7269\u306e\u8840\u4e2d\u6fc3\u5ea6\u63a8\u79fb\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6295\u4e0e\u5f8c\uff12\u6642\u9593\u76ee\u306b\u4e88\u671f\u305b\u306c\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u6025\u843d\u304c\u8a18\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u7570\u70b9\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u304c\u6307\u793a\u306b\u53cd\u3057\u3066\uff12\u6642\u9593\u76ee\u306b\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u6c34\u5206\u3092\u6442\u53d6\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306a\u5e0c\u91c8\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u7406\u7531\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u904e\u53bb\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5358\u4e00\u5e74\u306b\u306e\u307f\u6025\u6fc0\u306a\u843d\u3061\u8fbc\u307f\uff08\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u4e19\u5348\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u7279\u7570\u70b9\uff09\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8ff7\u4fe1\u3084\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3078\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: 2008\u5e74\u306e\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u5931\u696d\u7387\u304c\u6025\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7279\u7570\u306a\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c2008\u5e74\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6280\u8853\u9769\u65b0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u96c7\u7528\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u8c61\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5225\u306e\u7b87\u6240\uff08\u6280\u8853\u9769\u65b0\u306e\u7ae0\uff09\u3067\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u6280\u8853\u7684\u5931\u696d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u7121\u6279\u5224\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e2008\u5e74\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7cbe\u8aad\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u306f\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u306a\u91d1\u878d\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u4fe1\u7528\u5d29\u58ca\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6280\u8853\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u5224\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f\u3001\u5e74\u4ee3\u3084\u56fa\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u53b3\u683c\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u50be\u5411\u304b\u3089\u4e56\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u7279\u7570\u5024\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u6761\u4ef6\u5909\u66f4\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u628a\u63e1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u76e4\u304b\u3089\u5f8c\u534a\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u300c\u9006\u8ee2\uff08Inversion\uff09\u300d\u3059\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u304c\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u300c\u6e29\u5ea6\u309250\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u9014\u7aef\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u53cd\u5fdc\u901f\u5ea6\u304c\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\uff08\u9175\u7d20\u306e\u71b1\u5931\u6d3b\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u5909\u66f2\u70b9\uff08Inflection point\uff09\u3084\u9006\u8ee2\u73fe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u4e57\u308a\u8d8a\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\u4fee\u6b63\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u300d\u3092\u8c61\u5fb4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304b\uff08&#8221;This forced theorists to modify the model&#8221;, &#8220;The linear hypothesis had to be replaced with a threshold model&#8221; \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u899a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u66f2\u7dda\u304c\u50be\u304d\u3092\u5909\u3048\u308b\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\uff08\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3001\u5e95\u3001\u50be\u304d\u306e\u6025\u5909\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308b\u81e8\u754c\u5024\uff08Threshold \/ Critical value\uff09\u3092\u6570\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u6570\u5024\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u672c\u6587\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u305d\u306e\u81e8\u754c\u5024\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u63a2\u7d22\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u30fb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u8cea\u7684\u5909\u5316\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u63d0\u5531\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u306e\u540d\u79f0\u3084\u9aa8\u5b50\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u66f4\u65b0\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u80a5\u6599\u306e\u65bd\u80a5\u91cf\u3068\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u53ce\u7a6b\u91cf\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u65bd\u80a5\u91cf\uff38\u307e\u3067\u306f\u76f4\u7dda\u7684\u306b\u53ce\u7a6b\u91cf\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\uff38\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u3068\u53ce\u7a6b\u91cf\u304c\u6025\u6e1b\u3059\u308b\u66f2\u7dda\uff08\u9006\uff35\u5b57\u578b\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u300c\u904e\u5270\u306a\u65bd\u80a5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u571f\u58cc\u5869\u985e\u96c6\u7a4d\u3068\u6839\u306e\u5438\u6c34\u963b\u5bb3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9650\u754c\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3092\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u9069\u65bd\u80a5\u91cf\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u5968\u6b04\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u5f93\u696d\u54e1\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u5831\u916c\u984d\u3068\u5275\u9020\u7684\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u9054\u6210\u5ea6\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5831\u916c\u984d\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6c34\u6e96\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u3068\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u9006\u8ee2\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u5185\u767a\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u3065\u3051\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff08Overjustification effect\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u90e8\u3092\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u6d41\u901f\u3068\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u5185\u306e\u6469\u64e6\u62b5\u6297\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3042\u308b\u6d41\u901f\u3092\u5883\u306b\u62b5\u6297\u304c\uff12\u4e57\u306b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3057\u3066\u6025\u5897\u3059\u308b\u5909\u66f2\u70b9\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5c64\u6d41\u304b\u3089\u4e71\u6d41\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u79fb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u9175\u7d20\u53cd\u5fdc\u901f\u5ea6\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f9d\u5b58\u6027\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\uff0840\u5ea6\u3067\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u6025\u964d\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306b\u300c\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u3051\u308c\u3070\u9ad8\u3044\u307b\u3069\u9175\u7d20\u53cd\u5fdc\u306f\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9650\u308a\u9ad8\u6e29\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u524d\u534a\u306e\u53f3\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u307f\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u300140\u5ea6\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u5f8c\u306e\u7834\u58ca\u7684\u306a\u6025\u964d\u4e0b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53cd\u8ee2\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3059\u308c\u3070\u300140\u5ea6\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306a\u5931\u6d3b\u306e\u81e8\u754c\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u767d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u300c\u81f3\u9069\u6e29\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308b40\u5ea6\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6700\u5927\u52b9\u7387\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u9808\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3070\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u5909\u66f4\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16. \u6bd4\u7387\u30fb\u5272\u5408\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7167\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6700\u3082\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6bd4\u7387\uff08Ratio \/ Percentage\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u6570\uff08Absolute number\uff09\u300d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6df7\u540c\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u307f\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u7d76\u5bfe\u6570\u306e\u591a\u5be1\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u539f\u7406\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u304c\u4e0d\u660e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u300c\u4eba\u6570\u304c\u6700\u3082\u591a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u65ad\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3084\u3001\u9006\u306b\u7d76\u5bfe\u6570\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u8996\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u507d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6301\u3064\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3068\u7121\u77db\u76fe\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff11. \u5206\u6570\u30fb\u767e\u5206\u7387\u30fb\u500d\u6570\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u63db\u7b97\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u8868\u73fe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u300c25\uff05\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f &#8220;one in four&#8221;, &#8220;a quarter of&#8221;, &#8220;one-fourth&#8221; \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u300c66.7\uff05\u300d\u306f &#8220;two-thirds&#8221;, &#8220;two out of three&#8221;\u3001\u300c20\uff05\u300d\u306f &#8220;one out of five&#8221;, &#8220;a fifth&#8221; \u3068\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5206\u6570\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u3001&#8221;A outnumbers B by two to one&#8221;\uff08\uff21\u306f\uff22\u306e\uff12\u500d\u306e\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3001&#8221;The ratio of A to B is three to two&#8221;\uff08\uff21\u3068\uff22\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u306f\uff13\u5bfe\uff12\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6bd4\u7387\u69cb\u6587\u3078\u3068\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u8ee2\u63db\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u767e\u5206\u7387\uff08\uff05\uff09\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5206\u6570\u30fb\u6bd4\u7387\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9593\u3067\u8fc5\u901f\u306a\u76f8\u4e92\u63db\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5206\u6570\u30fb\u767e\u5206\u7387\u30fb\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u63db\u7b97\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e2d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u767e\u5206\u7387\uff08\uff05\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7d76\u5bfe\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u5206\u6570\u8868\u73fe\uff08one-third, three-quarters \u7b49\uff09\u3084\u6bd4\u7387\u8868\u73fe\uff08outnumber by, ratio of A to B \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u3078\u3068\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u63db\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 &#8220;two out of five&#8221; \u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u300c40\uff05\u300d\u3068\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u63db\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6570\u5024\u304c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8a31\u5bb9\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u8aa4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u56f3\u8868\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3042\u308b\u653f\u515a\u306e\u652f\u6301\u7387\u304c\u300c33.4\uff05\u300d\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;Roughly one in three voters expressed support for the platform&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u300c\uff13\u4eba\u306b\uff11\u4eba\uff1d\u7d0433.3\uff05\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63db\u7b97\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u30a2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30c8\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u6d3e\u304c\u300c75\uff05\u300d\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6d3e\u304c\u300c25\uff05\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;Proponents outnumbered opponents by three to one&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u7387\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u300c\uff13\u5bfe\uff11\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\uff1d75\uff05\u5bfe25\uff05\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u4e88\u7b97\u914d\u5206\u306e\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u8cbb\u304c\u300c20\uff05\u300d\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8cbb\u304c\u300c40\uff05\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;Expenditure on national defense was twice that allocated to public education&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u500d\u6570\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u56f3\u8868\u3067\u5973\u6027\u7ba1\u7406\u8077\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u304c\u300c2010\u5e74\u306e10\uff05\u300d\u304b\u3089\u300c2020\u5e74\u306e20\uff05\u300d\u3078\u3068\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u3042\u308b &#8220;The proportion of female managers increased by 100% over the decade&#8221; \u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u300c10\uff05\u3057\u304b\u5897\u3048\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u306b100\uff05\u5897\u52a0\u306f\u304a\u304b\u3057\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u8aa4\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u300c\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u5897\u52a0\uff0810\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u5897\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5897\u52a0\u7387\uff08\u5143\u306e10\uff05\u304b\u3089100\uff05\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u306620\uff05\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u6bd4\u7387\u304c10\uff05\u304b\u308920\uff05\u3078\u500d\u5897\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5897\u52a0\u7387\u306f\u9593\u9055\u3044\u306a\u304f\u300c100\uff05\u306e\u5897\u52a0\uff08doubled\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6570\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u306e\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u898b\u7834\u3089\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5206\u6570\u30fb\u767e\u5206\u7387\u30fb\u500d\u6570\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u63db\u7b97\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u7167\u5408\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff12. \u904e\u534a\u6570\u30fb\u5927\u534a\u30fb\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u3092\u8868\u3059\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5883\u754c\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\uff08Quantifiers\uff09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u6570\u5024\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3092\u5185\u5305\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002&#8221;the majority&#8221;\uff08\u904e\u534a\u6570\uff09\u306f\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u300c50\uff05\u8d85\uff0850.1\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u300150\uff05\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3069\u308449\uff05\u306f\u6c7a\u3057\u3066 majority \u3068\u306f\u547c\u3079\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001&#8221;the vast majority&#8221;, &#8220;the overwhelming majority&#8221; \u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u904e\u534a\u6570\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c70\u301c80\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5727\u5012\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u300d\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b &#8220;the minority&#8221; \u306f\u300c50\uff05\u672a\u6e80\u300d\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3001&#8221;a negligible minority&#8221; \u306f\u300c\u6570\uff05\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u308b\u6975\u5c11\u6570\u300d\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001&#8221;plurality&#8221;\uff08\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u591a\u6570\uff09\u306f\u904e\u534a\u6570\u306b\u306f\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u300c\u4ed6\u306e\u3069\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3088\u308a\u3082\u591a\u3044\u6700\u5927\u30b7\u30a7\u30a2\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a40\uff05\u3060\u304c\u4ed6\u304c30\uff05\u306830\uff05\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6307\u3059\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u300c49\uff05\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b &#8220;majority&#8221; \u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3079\u3070\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u9055\u53cd\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5931\u70b9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5883\u754c\u5024\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u300c50\uff05\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u5074\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff0850\uff05\u8d85\u304b\u300150\uff05\u672a\u6e80\u304b\u3001\u540c\u6570\u304b\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff13\u79d2\uff09\u300250\uff05\u3068\u3044\u3046\u95be\u5024\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u304c\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u6c34\u6e96\uff08majority\uff1d50\uff05\u8d85\u3001overwhelming majority\uff1d\u5727\u5012\u7684\u591a\u6570\u3001plurality\uff1d\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u7b2c\uff11\u4f4d\u3001minority\uff1d50\uff05\u672a\u6e80\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u5883\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u3092\u8de8\u3050\u8aa4\u7528\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u5e02\u6c11\u30a2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8cdb\u6210\u304c\u300c51.2\uff05\u300d\u3001\u53cd\u5bfe\u304c\u300c48.8\uff05\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;A slight majority of the citizens endorsed the municipal initiative&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u300150\uff05\u3092\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068 &#8220;slight majority&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u4e09\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u6319\u7d50\u679c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5019\u88dc\u8005\uff21\u304c\u300c42\uff05\u300d\u3001\u5019\u88dc\u8005\uff22\u304c\u300c35\uff05\u300d\u3001\u5019\u88dc\u8005\uff23\u304c\u300c23\uff05\u300d\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5019\u88dc\u8005\uff21\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066 &#8220;won a plurality of the votes&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u6b63\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001&#8221;won a majority of the votes&#8221;\uff08\u904e\u534a\u6570\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u660e\u767d\u306a\u8aa4\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e0d\u5177\u5408\u306e\u767a\u751f\u7387\u304c\u300c2.1\uff05\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;An overwhelming majority of the tested devices operated without any malfunction&#8221;\uff0897.9\uff05\u304c\u6b63\u5e38\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u88cf\u8fd4\u3057\u3067\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u3067\u8cdb\u6210\u6d3e\u304c\u300c49.5\uff05\u300d\u3001\u53cd\u5bfe\u6d3e\u304c\u300c45.0\uff05\u300d\u3001\u672a\u5b9a\u304c\u300c5.5\uff05\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u300c\u8cdb\u6210\u304c\u4e00\u756a\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001The majority of respondents supported the proposal \u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8a71\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u5927\u534a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u66d6\u6627\u306a\u611f\u899a\u3092\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e &#8220;majority&#8221; \u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u901a\u308a &#8220;majority&#8221; \u306f\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u300c\u904e\u534a\u6570\uff08\uff1e50\uff05\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300249.5\uff05\u306f\u6700\u5927\u6d3e\u95a5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u904e\u534a\u6570\u306b\u306f\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001majority \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f &#8220;plurality&#8221; \u307e\u305f\u306f &#8220;the largest proportion&#8221; \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u5883\u754c\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u6020\u3063\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6570\u5024\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17. \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306e\u7167\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u4e0b\u90e8\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u300c\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08Conclusion\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u63d0\u8a00\u30fb\u5c06\u6765\u5c55\u671b\uff08Recommendations \/ Implications\uff09\u300d\u306e\u6b04\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306b\u904e\u53bb\u3084\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u5834\u6240\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9577\u671f\u7684\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5916\u633f\uff08Extrapolation\uff09\u3057\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u4e88\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5bfe\u7b56\u3092\u8b1b\u3058\u308b\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff11. \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9577\u671f\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3068\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u5c55\u671b\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u66f2\u7dda\u304c\u904e\u53bb20\u5e74\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u6607\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff08Upward trend\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u4ecb\u5165\u304c\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u50be\u5411\u306f\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u30fb\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u306a\u5c06\u6765\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u7d99\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u3053\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5ef6\u9577\u3057\u3001\u300c\u3082\u3057\u73fe\u884c\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u30012030\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306b\u6307\u6a19\uff38\u306f\u81e8\u754c\u70b9\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u5c55\u671b\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u9577\u671f\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5ef6\u9577\u7dda\u4e0a\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e00\u6642\u70b9\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306b\u9006\u884c\u3059\u308b\u4e88\u6e2c\u3084\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u6839\u62e0\u306a\u304d\u697d\u89b3\u8ad6\u30fb\u60b2\u89b3\u8ad6\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5916\u633f\u3068\u5c06\u6765\u5c55\u671b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff08\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u3001\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u539f\u72b6\u614b\uff1dPlateau\uff09\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306e\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u52a0\u901f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u6e1b\u901f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff09\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3068\u66f2\u7387\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u30fb\u5c55\u671b\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u306a\u7d99\u7d9a\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u9006\u8ee2\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u305f\u653f\u7b56\u4ecb\u5165\u3092\u63d0\u8a00\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5ef6\u9577\u7dda\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5c06\u6765\u4e88\u6e2c\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u63d0\u8a00\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u904e\u53bb30\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u5927\u6c17\u4e2d\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u5e74\u3005\u50be\u304d\u3092\u6025\u306b\u3057\u3066\u4e0a\u6607\uff08\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570\u7684\u5897\u52a0\uff09\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e &#8220;Without immediate structural decarbonization, emissions will inevitably surpass the safety threshold within the next decade&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8b66\u544a\u6b04\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u5730\u57df\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u30dc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u53c2\u52a0\u7387\u304c\u904e\u53bb15\u5e74\u9593\u3067\u7740\u5b9f\u306b\u56de\u5fa9\u30fb\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306e &#8220;These steady gains suggest a gradual revitalisation of civic engagement&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u5411\u304d\u306a\u7dcf\u62ec\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63a1\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u3042\u308b\u91ce\u751f\u52d5\u7269\u306e\u751f\u606f\u6570\u304c\u904e\u53bb\uff15\u5e74\u9593\u9023\u7d9a\u3067\u6e1b\u5c11\u5e45\u3092\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3055\u305b\u3001\u76f4\u8fd1\uff12\u5e74\u9593\u306f\u307b\u307c\u6a2a\u3070\u3044\uff08\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\uff09\u306b\u79fb\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The conservation measures have successfully halted the precipitous decline, establishing a stable foundation for population recovery&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u6574\u5408\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u3042\u308b\u611f\u67d3\u75c7\u306e\u65b0\u898f\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u6570\u304c\u904e\u53bb\uff14\u9031\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u306b\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306b\u300c\u611f\u67d3\u75c7\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6839\u7d76\u3055\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u9632\u75ab\u5bfe\u7b56\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u89e3\u9664\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u5909\u5316\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u300d\u3092\u3001\u30bc\u30ed\u3078\u306e\u5230\u9054\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u5b8c\u4e86\u300d\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7d42\u70b9\u306f\u672a\u3060\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u306f\u9054\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5916\u633f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u300c\u5236\u5fa1\u3055\u308c\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8b66\u6212\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u63d0\u8a00\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u65e9\u3059\u304e\u308b\u52dd\u5229\u5ba3\u8a00\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u304b\u3089\u9038\u8131\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9577\u671f\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5916\u633f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5c06\u6765\u5c55\u671b\u306e\u7167\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff12. \u9650\u754c\u6027\u30fb\u8ab2\u984c\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u6b04\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u3084\u8abf\u67fb\u5831\u544a\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u306b\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u89e3\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8a87\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3067\u306f\u89e3\u660e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300c\u9650\u754c\uff08Limitations\uff09\u300d\u3084\u3001\u4eca\u5f8c\u65b0\u305f\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u3079\u304d\u300c\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\uff08Remaining questions \/ Future research directions\uff09\u300d\u304c\u5fc5\u305a\u4ed8\u8a00\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u6210\u679c\u6b04\u306e\u96a3\u3084\u4e0b\u90e8\u306b\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u300c\u8ab2\u984c\uff08Challenges \/ Limitations\uff09\u300d\u306e\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u60c5\u5831\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b8\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u306a\u9054\u6210\u4e8b\u9805\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306e\u504f\u308a\u300d\u300c\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u9650\u754c\u300d\u300c\u9577\u671f\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u306e\u672a\u78ba\u8a8d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u30cd\u30ac\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7559\u4fdd\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6210\u679c\u3068\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9650\u754c\u3068\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u76e4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3084\u7559\u4fdd\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6a19\u8b58\uff08&#8221;However, several limitations must be noted&#8221;, &#8220;The study did not account for&#8230;&#8221;, &#8220;Further research is required to clarify&#8230;&#8221; \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u7559\u4fdd\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6240\u5728\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u5f31\u70b9\uff08\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u3001\u8abf\u67fb\u671f\u9593\u306e\u77ed\u3055\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u672a\u78ba\u5b9a\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u8ab2\u984c\u30fb\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u300d\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9054\u6210\u4e8b\u9805\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u9055\u3044\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u63a1\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3067 &#8220;Although the intervention proved effective in urban schools, its applicability to under-resourced rural contexts remains entirely unexamined&#8221; \u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Future Directions&#8221; \u6b04\u306b &#8220;Evaluating effectiveness in diverse rural educational environments&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u5145\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u6210\u529f\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u5f8c\u3067 &#8220;The primary limitation of the current apparatus is its inability to detect microscopic anomalies below five nanometers&#8221; \u3068\u4ed8\u8a00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u6b04\u306b\u6a5f\u5668\u306e\u89e3\u50cf\u5ea6\u5411\u4e0a\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u653f\u7b56\u63d0\u8a00\u306e\u672b\u5c3e\u306b &#8220;While economically sound, the social acceptability of the proposed tax overhaul requires comprehensive public polling&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d7\u5bb9\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u6319\u3052\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Limitations of the Study&#8221;\uff08\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9650\u754c\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u8f1d\u304b\u3057\u304f\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u65b0\u85ac\u304c\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u85ac\u3088\u308a\u3082\uff12\u500d\u9ad8\u3044\u6cbb\u7652\u7387\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u6700\u5927\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u3069\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30e1\u30bf\u7684\u306a\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u306b\u9078\u3093\u3060\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u5049\u5927\u306a\u6210\u679c\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u9650\u754c\u6b04\u306b\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u6210\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u4f55\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6210\u679c\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9650\u754c\u6027\u3068\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18. \u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u53c2\u7167\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u306e\u6392\u9664<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u95a2\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u56f3\u8868\uff11\uff08Figure 1\uff1a\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u56f3\u8868\uff12\uff08Table 1\uff1a\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u5225\u306e\u5185\u8a33\u8868\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u3092\u7e26\u6a2a\u306b\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u7b54\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\uff11\u5bfe\uff11\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300c\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b9\uff08\u76f8\u4e92\u53c2\u7167\uff09\u300d\u306e\u6280\u8853\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u76f8\u4e92\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u6027\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u77e5\u898b\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff11. \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3068\u8868\u306e\u9593\u3067\u5171\u901a\u3059\u308b\u5909\u6570\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u3068\u6570\u5024\u7167\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8cc7\u6599\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5168\u304f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6271\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u300c\u5171\u901a\u306e\u5909\u6570\uff08Common variable\uff09\u300d\u3092\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u3064\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u300c\u56fd\u5225\u306e\u7dcfCO2\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\uff08\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\uff09\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u300c\u540c\u3058\u56fd\u3005\u306e\u7523\u696d\u90e8\u9580\u5225\u6392\u51fa\u6bd4\u7387\uff08\u5185\u8a33\uff09\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u300c\u56fd\u540d\u300d\u304c\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u3092\u67b6\u6a4b\u3059\u308b\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u306e\u7dcf\u91cf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u639b\u3051\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u521d\u3081\u3066\u3001\u300c\u56fd\uff21\u306e\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u90e8\u9580\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u306f\u5206\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u6570\u5024\u3092\u7b97\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3053\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u7b54\u306b\u636e\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u3067\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u3068\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u8ef8\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u51fa\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9805\u76ee\uff08\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u56fd\u540d\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\u306e\u767a\u898b\u304c\u8cc7\u6599\u7d71\u5408\u306e\u67b6\u3051\u6a4b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u304c\u554f\u3046\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304b\u3089\u7b2c\uff11\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u5168\u4f53\u91cf\uff09\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304b\u3089\u7b2c\uff12\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u69cb\u6210\u6bd4\uff09\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5408\u6210\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0420\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\u3067\u56fd\uff38\u306e2020\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u767a\u96fb\u91cf\u304c\u300c5,000\u5104kWh\u300d\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u96fb\u6e90\u69cb\u6210\u8868\u3067\u56fd\uff38\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u767a\u96fb\u304c\u300c20\uff05\u300d\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u56fd\uff38\u306e\u98a8\u529b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u767a\u96fb\u91cf\u304c\u300c1,000\u5104kWh\uff085,000\u5104 \u00d7 0.20\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6570\u5024\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u6b63\u8aa4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\u306e\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u5168\u6821\u751f\u5f92\u306e\u8aad\u66f8\u6642\u9593\u304c\u904e\u53bb\uff15\u5e74\u3067\u534a\u6e1b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u63a8\u79fb\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u5186\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u5229\u7528\u76ee\u7684\u306e70\uff05\u304c\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u300c\u5b66\u5e74\u300d\u3084\u300c\u5e74\u5ea6\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u8ef8\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u5730\u57df\u5225\u306e\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u60e7\u7a2e\u6570\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u5730\u57df\u5225\u306e\u68ee\u6797\u4f10\u63a1\u9762\u7a4d\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u7387\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u300c\u5730\u57df\u533a\u5206\uff08Region\uff09\u300d\u3092\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u4f10\u63a1\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9032\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u5730\u57df\u304c\u6700\u591a\u306e\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u60e7\u7a2e\u3092\u62b1\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u4e21\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u304b\u3089\u5b9f\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\uff08\u4eba\u53e3\u63a8\u79fb\uff09\u3067\u56fd\uff39\u306e\u4eba\u53e3\u304c10\u5e74\u9593\u3067\u534a\u6e1b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\uff08\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u6c34\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\uff09\u3067\u56fd\uff39\u306e\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u304c\u500d\u5897\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8868\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u56fd\uff39\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u306e\u7dcf\u6c34\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u300c\uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u304c\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u56fd\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u306e\u6c34\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u3082\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3065\u3051\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u307f\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\uff08\u4eba\u53e3\uff09\u306e\u534a\u6e1b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5927\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u304c\u534a\u5206\uff080.5\uff09\u00d7 \uff11\u4eba\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u304c\uff12\u500d\uff082.0\uff09\uff1d \u7dcf\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u306f\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\uff081.0\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3048\u3070\u3001\u7dcf\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u306f\u500d\u5897\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u6a2a\u3070\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u771f\u5b9f\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u639b\u3051\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u5224\u65ad\u305b\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3068\u8868\u306e\u5171\u901a\u5909\u6570\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u6570\u5024\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff12. \u8907\u5408\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6642\u671f\u30fb\u5bfe\u8c61\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u691c\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u304c\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u7f60\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u306f\u3001\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6642\u671f\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u300d\u3084\u300c\u5bfe\u8c61\u96c6\u56e3\uff08\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\uff09\u306e\u5fae\u5999\u306a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u300c2015\u5e74\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u300c2020\u5e74\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u70b9\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u300c\u6210\u4eba\u5168\u822c\uff0818\u6b73\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u300d\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u300c\u5c31\u696d\u8005\uff08\u50cd\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4eba\uff09\u300d\u306e\u307f\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u3092\u524d\u8005\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u898b\u3048\u308b\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8907\u5408\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff11\u3068\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u3084\u6ce8\u8a18\u304b\u3089\u300c\u8abf\u67fb\u5b9f\u65bd\u5e74\uff08Timeframe\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5bfe\u8c61\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Target demographic\uff09\u300d\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u500b\u5225\u62bd\u51fa\u304c\u6bd4\u8f03\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u9593\u3067\u6642\u671f\u3084\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306b\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u3082\u3057\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3078\u7121\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u6d41\u7528\u30fb\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u300c2010\u5e74\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5404\u56fd\u306e\u7279\u8a31\u51fa\u9858\u6570\u300d\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u300c2020\u5e74\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5404\u56fd\u306eAI\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6570\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u300110\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30e9\u30b0\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u300c2010\u5e74\u306b\u7279\u8a31\u304c\u591a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u56fd\u306f\u3001AI\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306e\u6570\u3082\u591a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u70b9\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u8ad6\u3065\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u6642\u671f\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u7406\u7531\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u300c\u5168\u56fd\u6c11\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u305f\u98df\u751f\u6d3b\u8abf\u67fb\u300d\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u300c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u307f\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30fc\u30c9\u5229\u7528\u983b\u5ea6\u8abf\u67fb\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u7279\u6709\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u50be\u5411\u3092\u56fd\u6c11\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u98df\u7fd2\u6163\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\u304c\u300c\u516c\u7acb\u75c5\u9662\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6cbb\u7642\u6210\u529f\u7387\u300d\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u304c\u300c\u79c1\u7acb\u5c02\u9580\u30af\u30ea\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u60a3\u8005\u6e80\u8db3\u5ea6\u300d\u3092\u6271\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u65bd\u8a2d\u5f62\u614b\u3084\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u308b\u60a3\u8005\u306e\u91cd\u75c7\u5ea6\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u8cea\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u512a\u52a3\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9000\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u56f3\u8868\uff11\uff082018\u5e74\u8abf\u67fb\uff09\u3067\u300c\u9031\u306b\uff13\u56de\u4ee5\u4e0a\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u6210\u4eba\u306e\u5272\u5408\u304c30\uff05\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\uff12\uff082022\u5e74\u8abf\u67fb\uff09\u3067\u300c\u9031\u306b\uff13\u56de\u4ee5\u4e0a\u904b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u6210\u4eba\u306e\u5272\u5408\u304c40\uff05\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306b\u4f55\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u3082\u306a\u3044\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u300c\u3053\u306e\uff12\u3064\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u304b\u3089\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u3092\uff14\u5e74\u9593\u8ffd\u8de1\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u500b\u3005\u4eba\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u983b\u5ea6\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u5225\u3005\u306e\u5e74\u306b\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6a2a\u65ad\u8abf\u67fb\uff08Cross-sectional studies\uff09\u3092\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u305f\u7e26\u65ad\u8abf\u67fb\uff08Longitudinal study\uff09\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6642\u671f\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8abf\u67fb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306f\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u500b\u4eba\u304c\u904b\u52d5\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ffd\u8de1\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8abf\u67fb\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u898b\u6975\u3081\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8907\u5408\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6642\u671f\u3084\u5bfe\u8c61\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19. \u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u542b\u610f\u30fb\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306e\u6700\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u8a2d\u554f\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u629c\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u89e3\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u300c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u304c\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u306f\u76f4\u63a5\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u542b\u610f\uff08Unstated implications\uff09\u3092\u63a8\u8ad6\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u306f\u81ea\u7531\u306a\u60f3\u50cf\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u5024\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u542b\u610f\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19.\uff11. \u672c\u6587\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u50be\u5411\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f\u300c\u65b0\u7d20\u6750\uff21\u306f\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c10\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6607\u3059\u308b\u3054\u3068\u306b\u5f37\u5ea6\u304c20\uff05\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u7406\uff09\u306e\u307f\u304c\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u306f\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c\u521d\u671f\u306e20\u5ea6\u304b\u308940\u5ea6\u3078\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6e2c\u5b9a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u307f\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u3053\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u3066\u3082\u300c\u5f37\u5ea6\u304c\u7d0436\uff05\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u898b\u5f53\u305f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u7406\u306b\u5b9f\u6e2c\u6570\u5024\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6570\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u81ea\u529b\u3067\u5c0e\u51fa\u305b\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u691c\u7d22\u306b\u7d42\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3092\u632f\u308a\u843d\u3068\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u300c\u539f\u7406\u3078\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u4ee3\u5165\u578b\u300d\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u6027\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u521d\u671f\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u5883\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u639b\u3051\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u601d\u8003\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u300c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u300d\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u300c\u8a08\u7b97\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u5f0f\u300d\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\u304c\u6f14\u7e79\u306e\u5927\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u300c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u300d\u300c\u521d\u671f\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\u300c\u74b0\u5883\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u300d\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u6f14\u7e79\u306e\u5c0f\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u5927\u524d\u63d0\uff08\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u5c0f\u524d\u63d0\uff08\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff09\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u81ea\u3089\u7b97\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306a\u304f\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0420\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u9ce5\u985e\u306e\u3055\u3048\u305a\u308a\u306e\u5468\u6ce2\u6570\u306f\u3001\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u90fd\u5e02\u9a12\u97f3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5468\u6ce2\u6570\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5e38\u306b\u9ad8\u3044\u5e2f\u57df\u3078\u3068\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u97f3\u97ff\u9069\u5fdc\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9\u306e\u9a12\u97f3\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u304c\u300c2.5 kHz\u300d\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9\u4ed8\u8fd1\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u9ce5\u306e\u3055\u3048\u305a\u308a\u306f\u300c2.5 kHz\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u5468\u6ce2\u6570\u5e2f\u57df\u3067\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u3042\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u306fpH\u304c6.0\u672a\u6e80\u307e\u305f\u306f8.0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6d3b\u6027\u3092\u5931\u3046\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u571f\u58cc\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306epH\u304c\u300c5.5\u300d\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u571f\u58cc\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u5f53\u8a72\u9175\u7d20\u306e\u89e6\u5a92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u6f5c\u6c34\u8266\u306e\u822a\u7d9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f\u642d\u8f09\u30d0\u30c3\u30c6\u30ea\u30fc\u6b8b\u91cf\u306b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3057\u3001\u6c34\u6df1500m\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u6df1\u6d77\u3067\u306f\u6c34\u5727\u62b5\u6297\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6d88\u8cbb\u7387\u304c1.5\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u6df1\u6d77\u3067\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u6642\u9593\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u822a\u7d9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u5e45\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u4f5c\u6226\u884c\u52d5\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u3042\u308b\u7d4c\u6e08\u653f\u7b56\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u7387\u304c\uff13\uff05\u3092\u4e0b\u56de\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u5b9f\u8cea\u8cc3\u91d1\u3092\u4e0a\u6607\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u7387\u304c\u300c4.5\uff05\u300d\u3068\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u300c\u3053\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u5b9f\u8cea\u8cc3\u91d1\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\u304c\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u308b\u300d\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\uff08\uff13\uff05\u672a\u6e80\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9069\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u73fe\u72b6\u5024\uff084.5\uff05\uff09\u306e\u4ee3\u5165\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u6020\u308a\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u540d\u3068\u5b9f\u8cea\u8cc3\u91d1\u4e0a\u6607\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u77ed\u7d61\u7684\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u73fe\u72b6\u5024\u304c\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u5b9f\u8cea\u8cc3\u91d1\u4e0a\u6607\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u305a\u3001\u3080\u3057\u308d\u300c\u73fe\u884c\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u7387\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u306f\u5b9f\u8cea\u8cc3\u91d1\u4e0a\u6607\u306f\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4ee3\u5165\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u5c0e\u51fa\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19.\uff12. \u5b9f\u751f\u6d3b\u30fb\u4ed6\u5206\u91ce\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u554f\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u541f\u5473<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u554f\u3084\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\u6b04\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u898b\u3092\u300c\u5b9f\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u300d\u300c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u306e\u6539\u5584\u300d\u300c\u4ed6\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u300d\u3078\u3068\u5fdc\u7528\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u63a8\u8ad6\u304c\u6b63\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5fdc\u7528\u5834\u9762\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u300c\u540c\u578b\uff08Isomorphic\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3001\u30aa\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u6539\u5584\u3084\u4ea4\u901a\u5b89\u5168\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30da\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u9069\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u969b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u539f\u7406\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u304b\u3051\u96e2\u308c\u305f\u975e\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306a\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u3001\u539f\u7406\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u5fdc\u7528\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5f01\u5225\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5fdc\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u300c\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\uff08\u30b3\u30a2\u3068\u306a\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u77e2\u5370\uff09\u300d\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u884c\u3067\u8981\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308a\u4ed6\u5206\u91ce\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u691c\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5fdc\u7528\u5834\u9762\u300d\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5834\u9762\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u672c\u6587\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3046\u308b\u74b0\u5883\u304c\u6574\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u304b\u3089\u9038\u8131\u3057\u305f\u62e1\u5927\u89e3\u91c8\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u7121\u6761\u4ef6\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3001\u77ed\u671f\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6052\u4e45\u7684\u306a\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u3068\u3059\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u3001\u6700\u3082\u614e\u91cd\u304b\u3064\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5fdc\u7528\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u5149\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u6ce2\u9577\u306e\u7167\u660e\u304c\u591c\u52e4\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u899a\u9192\u5ea6\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u4f5c\u696d\u30df\u30b9\u3092\u534a\u6e1b\u3055\u305b\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u539f\u7406\uff08\u5149\u306e\u6ce2\u9577\u304c\u751f\u4f53\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3068\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u300c\u6df1\u591c\u904b\u884c\u3092\u884c\u3046\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u904b\u8ee2\u5e2d\u7167\u660e\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u300d\u3092\u63d0\u6848\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u540c\u578b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u5fdc\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63a1\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u300c\u8272\u5f69\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u9ad8\u9f62\u8005\u306e\u6b69\u884c\u6642\u306e\u6bb5\u5dee\u8996\u8a8d\u6027\u304c\u5411\u4e0a\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u516c\u5171\u65bd\u8a2d\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u968e\u6bb5\u3084\u30a8\u30b9\u30ab\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7e01\u53d6\u308a\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u5fdc\u7528\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u690d\u7269\u306e\u8010\u5e72\u3070\u3064\u6027\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e7e\u71e5\u5316\u304c\u9032\u3080\u5730\u57df\u5411\u3051\u306e\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u80b2\u7a2e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u7528\u5316\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30b2\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u304c\u521d\u671f\u306e\u76ae\u819a\u708e\u75c7\u3092\u6291\u3048\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u6210\u679c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u3092\u914d\u5408\u3057\u305f\u30ed\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u76ae\u819a\u75be\u60a3\u304c\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u5b8c\u6cbb\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u5546\u696d\u7684\u30fb\u533b\u7642\u7684\u73fe\u5b9f\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u98db\u8e8d\u3057\u305f\u62e1\u5927\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u521d\u671f\u708e\u75c7\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6291\u5236\u52b9\u679c\u300d\u304c\u300c\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u75be\u60a3\u306e\u5373\u5ea7\u306e\u5b8c\u6cbb\u300d\u3078\u3068\u6975\u7aef\u306b\u8a87\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u300c\u91cd\u75c7\u5316\u4e88\u9632\u3078\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u63a2\u308b\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a13\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u539f\u7406\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3068\u540c\u578b\u5834\u9762\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u5fdc\u7528\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff10. \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u69cb\u6210\u306e\u6574\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u554f\u984c\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u7d71\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u306f\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u57cb\u307e\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u305f\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\uff08Internal consistency\uff09\u300d\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u554f\uff11\u3067\u9078\u3093\u3060\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3001\u554f\uff13\u3067\u9078\u3076\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u304c\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u5408\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u6301\u3064\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3057\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u9593\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u6700\u7d42\u9632\u58c1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff10.\uff11. \u5c0e\u5165\u30fb\u5b9f\u9a13\u30fb\u7d50\u679c\u30fb\u8003\u5bdf\u30fb\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u91cd\u8996\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\u3067\u63d0\u8d77\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u554f\u3044\uff08Research question\uff09\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u300c\u7b54\u3048\uff08Answer\uff09\u300d\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u565b\u307f\u5408\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9014\u4e2d\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u3084\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u554f\u3044\u304b\u3089\u7b54\u3048\u3078\u3068\u81f3\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u968e\u6bb5\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3082\u3057\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u90e8\u3067\u300c\u90fd\u5e02\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30cf\u30c1\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u8b0e\u300d\u304c\u554f\u3044\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3067\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u306f\u30cf\u30c1\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u7b56\u3084\u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u4e3b\u56e0\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5510\u7a81\u306b\u300c\u30cf\u30c1\u30df\u30c4\u306e\u6804\u990a\u4fa1\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u300d\u304c\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u636e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5404\u5927\u554f\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u7fa4\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u5b64\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3066\u89e3\u304f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u3066\u5404\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u304c\u4e00\u672c\u306e\u7dda\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u8996\u70b9\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u4e00\u8cab\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u6700\u4e0a\u90e8\uff08\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u5c0e\u5165\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6700\u4e0b\u90e8\uff08\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u63d0\u8a00\uff09\u300d\u3092\u76f4\u7dda\u3067\u7d50\u3073\u3001\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u300c\u554f\u3044\u300d\u3068\u300c\u7b54\u3048\u300d\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u80cc\u9aa8\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u9593\u90e8\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5404\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u80cc\u9aa8\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u652f\u6301\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u554f\u3044\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u9a13\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u3001\u691c\u8a3c\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8003\u5bdf\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u8e0f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff09\u3092\u7e26\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u3082\u3057\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u304c\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u304b\u3089\u6d6e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u3068\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u518d\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u6700\u9069\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u554f\u3044\u304c\u300c\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u306b\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5f71\u97ff\u306e\u89e3\u660e\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u6b04\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u300c\u30d7\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u30c8\u30f3\u306e\u4f53\u5185\u84c4\u7a4d\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u300d\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u300c\u98df\u7269\u9023\u9396\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u9ad8\u6b21\u6355\u98df\u8005\u3078\u306e\u751f\u7269\u6fc3\u7e2e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u8b66\u544a\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u7d50\u8ad6\u3078\u3068\u81f3\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u968e\u6bb5\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u300c\u30af\u30b8\u30e9\u306e\u6b4c\uff08Whale songs\uff09\u306e\u5730\u57df\u7684\u65b9\u8a00\u3068\u305d\u306e\u4f1d\u64ad\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\uff08\u6b4c\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u306e\u767a\u898b\uff09\u2192 \u5206\u6790\u624b\u6cd5\uff08\u97f3\u97ff\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306eAI\u89e3\u6790\uff09\u2192 \u7d50\u679c\uff08\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u7fa4\u3078\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u6c34\u5e73\u4f1d\u64ad\uff09\u2192 \u7d50\u8ad6\uff08\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u7269\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30ea\u30fc\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u304c\u3001\u5404\u7a7a\u6b04\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7121\u77db\u76fe\u306b\u5b8c\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6280\u8853\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\u3067\u300c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u304c\u666e\u53ca\u306e\u58c1\u300d\u3068\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e2d\u9593\u306e\u6280\u8853\u958b\u767a\u6b04\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306b\u306f\u300c\u91cf\u7523\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u524a\u6e1b\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u300d\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u554f\u984c\u3068\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u300c\u6280\u8853\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300d\u304c\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u6765\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u554f\uff11\u3067\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6d77\u9ce5\u306e\u751f\u606f\u5730\u304c\u958b\u767a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7834\u58ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3092\u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3057\u305f\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u554f\uff14\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u307e\u3068\u3081\u6b04\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u751f\u606f\u5730\u306e\u4fdd\u5168\u306b\u306f\u4f55\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u3082\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5358\u306b\u5bc6\u731f\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u7de0\u307e\u308a\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6700\u512a\u5148\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u554f\uff11\u3068\u554f\uff14\u3092\u5168\u304f\u5225\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u554f\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u70b9\u691c\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u554f\uff11\u3067\u751f\u606f\u5730\u7834\u58ca\u304c\u4e3b\u56e0\u3068\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\u3082\u751f\u606f\u5730\u4fdd\u8b77\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u30d7\u30ec\u30bc\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8a2d\u554f\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3092\u8ecc\u9053\u4fee\u6b63\u305b\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5c0e\u5165\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff10.\uff12. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6574\u5408\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5c0f\u554f\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u88dc\u5b8c\u3057\u5408\u3046\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6642\u306b\u3001\u554f\uff12\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u7fa4\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3084\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u304c\u3001\u554f\uff11\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u540c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u7a7a\u6b04\uff21\u3068\u7a7a\u6b04\uff22\uff09\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u540c\u58eb\u304c\u300c\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\uff08Mutually exclusive\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u304b\u3064\u300c\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u9078\u3070\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u306b\u610f\u8b58\u3092\u96c6\u4e2d\u3055\u305b\u3059\u304e\u3066\u3001\u96a3\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u3084\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8a2d\u554f\u7fa4\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u76f8\u4e92\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u3068\u5168\u4f53\u6574\u5408\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u96a3\u63a5\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u6b04\u306b\uff12\u3064\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u3042\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5074\u9762\u3092\u5206\u62c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u304c\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u554f\u3054\u3068\u306e\u6b63\u7b54\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u4e26\u3079\u305f\u969b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u5c0f\u554f\u306e\u6b63\u7b54\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3001\u5225\u306e\u5c0f\u554f\u306e\u6b63\u7b54\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u9593\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u300c\u6210\u529f\u300d\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5931\u6557\u300d\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\uff09\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u4eee\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3057\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u3082\u306a\u3044\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u4ed5\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6700\u7d42\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0415\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Two Main Advantages of the New Battery&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b04\u306b\uff12\u3064\u306e\u7a7a\u6b04\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u7fa4\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u300c\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\uff08\u822a\u7d9a\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u5ef6\u4f38\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u80fd\u9762\u306e\u5229\u70b9\u3068\u3001\u300c\u30ec\u30a2\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u306e\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u88fd\u9020\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u524a\u6e1b\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d4c\u6e08\u9762\u306e\u5229\u70b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u91cd\u8907\u3057\u306a\u3044\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6b21\u5143\u306e\uff12\u9805\u76ee\u3092\u30da\u30a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u554f\uff11\u3067\u300c\u3053\u306e\u53e4\u6587\u66f8\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\u7279\u5b9a\u306b\u306f\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u70ad\u7d20\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u6700\u3082\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u554f\uff13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u70ad\u7d20\u6e2c\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u9069\u7528\u4e0d\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6587\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u306e\u307f\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u554f\uff11\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u306e\u4fdd\u5168\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u554f\uff12\u3067\u300c\u6355\u98df\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30aa\u30aa\u30ab\u30df\u306e\u518d\u5c0e\u5165\u304c\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u306e\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u56de\u5fa9\u3055\u305b\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u5834\u5408\u3001\u554f\uff14\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u6b04\u3067\u300c\u30b7\u30ab\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u6291\u5236\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4eba\u70ba\u7684\u99c6\u9664\u306e\u7d99\u7d9a\u300d\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u30aa\u30aa\u30ab\u30df\u518d\u5c0e\u5165\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u98df\u7269\u9023\u9396\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u8abf\u6574\u306e\u6210\u529f\u300d\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u554f\uff12\u3067\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u304c\u9014\u4e2d\u3067\u4e2d\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3073\u3001\u7d9a\u304f\u554f\uff13\u3067\u300c\u53ce\u96c6\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b8c\u74a7\u306a\u30d3\u30c3\u30b0\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\u304c\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u4f3c\u305f\u5358\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306e\u307f\u3067\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u9078\u3093\u3060\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u306e\u306b\u5b8c\u74a7\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u304d\u305f\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6c17\u3065\u304b\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u7fd2\u6163\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff11. \u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u591a\u91cd\u691c\u8a3c\u3068\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u6392\u9664<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\uff22\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\uff08\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff09\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u6280\u8853\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6700\u3082\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u7f60\u306f\u3001\u300c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u306f100\uff05\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u306f\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u300d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u300c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u306f100\uff05\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u5207\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\uff09\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u300d\u306e\u4e8c\u985e\u578b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u307f\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u6e80\u8db3\u3057\u305f\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7cbe\u5de7\u306a\u7247\u80ba\u98db\u884c\u306e\u7f60\u306b\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u6355\u7372\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u300c\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9\uff08\u8ad6\u7406\u7a4d\uff1aAND\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u300d\u306b\u306e\u307f\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u6e90\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u591a\u91cd\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001\u7247\u65b9\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u7a76\u6975\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff11.\uff11. \u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u7b54\u306e\u78ba\u7acb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u5099\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6f14\u7e79\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5e30\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u304b\u3064\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u88cf\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\u6027\uff08Dual evidentiary support\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u300c\u3053\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6587\u306f\u7b2c\u4f55\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6570\u7406\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u884c\u30fb\u5217\u30fb\u66f2\u7dda\u306f\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u78ba\u8a8d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u7d4c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u611f\u899a\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u3084\u66d6\u6627\u306a\u601d\u3044\u8fbc\u307f\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u3057\u305f\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u8a3c\u660e\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3067\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u9078\u629e\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u3092\u300c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u300d\u300c\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u300d\u300c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u30fb\u88dc\u8a9e\u300d\u300c\u4fee\u98fe\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53e5\u300d\u3078\u3068\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d04\uff15\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u547d\u984c\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u306b\u3088\u308a\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u5206\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08\u301c\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3001\u301c\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304b\u3089\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\uff08\u301c\uff05\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u3001\u4ed6\u7fa4\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u304b\u3063\u305f\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6570\u5024\u7684\u306b\u7121\u77db\u76fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304b\u3089\u300c\u9752\u4fe1\u53f7\u300d\u304c\u51fa\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;The newly introduced filtration system reduced particulate emissions by over 60%, thereby meeting the municipal environmental standard&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u300c\u65b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6392\u51fa\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304b\u3089\u300c\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u304c\u5f93\u6765\u306e100\u304b\u308935\u3078\u306865\uff05\u6e1b\u5c11\uff08over 60%\u6e1b\uff09\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u5024\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u5408\u81f4\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Although the operational cost increased marginally, the overall passenger capacity doubled following the track expansion&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u300c\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u7dad\u6301\u8cbb\u5897\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u62e1\u5f35\u304c\u5b9f\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b72\u6b69\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u3001\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u300c\u8f38\u9001\u80fd\u529b\u304c10\u4e07\u4eba\u304b\u308920\u4e07\u4eba\u3078\uff12\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6570\u5024\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;Species diversity in the restored wetland rebounded to pre-industrial levels within five years of the dam removal&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u300c\u30c0\u30e0\u64a4\u53bb\u5f8c\u306e\u6025\u901f\u306a\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u56de\u5fa9\u300d\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u3068\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e2d\u306e\u300c\uff15\u5e74\u76ee\u306e\u7a2e\u6570\u66f2\u7dda\u304c1850\u5e74\u63a8\u5b9a\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u4ea4\u5dee\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u300d\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u3042\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u304c\u5287\u7684\u306a\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u300d\u3068\u7d76\u8cdb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;The program proved to be an absolute success, elevating all students to the highest proficiency tier&#8221; \u3092\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u307f\u306b\u540c\u8abf\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u6020\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u751f\u5f92\u306e40\uff05\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u70b9\u306f\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u300c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u751f\u5f92\uff08all students\uff09\u300d\u304c\u6700\u9ad8\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u767d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u71b1\u91cf\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u547d\u984c\u306e\u8a87\u5f35\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u6392\u9664\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u8ad6\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3092\u63fa\u308b\u304e\u306a\u304f\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff11.\uff12. \u300c\u672c\u6587\u5408\u81f4\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u77db\u76fe\u300d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u300c\u56f3\u8868\u5408\u81f4\u30fb\u672c\u6587\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u300d\u306e\u6392\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u304c\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u80fd\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u9632\u5fa1\u7b56\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u8aa4\u7b54\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u300c\u672c\u6587\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8a00\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u629c\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6570\u5024\u7684\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff08\u672c\u6587\u5408\u81f4\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u77db\u76fe\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u8aa4\u7b54\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u300c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u5207\u767b\u5834\u3057\u306a\u3044\u8ad6\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3068\u306f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff08\u56f3\u8868\u5408\u81f4\u30fb\u672c\u6587\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u8005\u306f\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u898b\u306a\u3044\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3092\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u672c\u6587\u3092\u5fd8\u308c\u305f\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u72d9\u3044\u6483\u3061\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u5927\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u719f\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u7167\u5408\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6483\u7834\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4e8c\u5927\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u969b\u306b\u300c\u672c\u6587\u306b\u305d\u3063\u304f\u308a\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3042\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u611f\u3058\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u3078\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u79fb\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u6700\u512a\u5148\u3067\u8b66\u6212\u30fb\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306f\u3080\u3057\u308d\u7f60\u306e\u8b66\u544a\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u300c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u5b8c\u74a7\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u611f\u3058\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u672c\u6587\u3078\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u623b\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4fce\u4e0a\u306b\u8f09\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u7aef\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u4f59\u767d\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u306f\u3001\u300c\u672c\u6587\u25cb\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u00d7\u300d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u300c\u672c\u6587\u00d7\uff08\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\uff09\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u25cb\u300d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u300c\u672c\u6587\u25cb\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u25cb\u300d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7a4d\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6b8b\u5b58\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593\uff1a\u7d0410\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u3010\u672c\u6587\u25cb\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u00d7\u306e\u6392\u9664\u3011\u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The government aimed to reduce youth unemployment to below five percent&#8221;\uff08\u653f\u5e9c\u306f\u82e5\u5e74\u5931\u696d\u7387\u3092\uff15\uff05\u672a\u6e80\u306b\u6291\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;Youth unemployment successfully dropped below five percent&#8221; \u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u76ee\u6a19\u300d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u306f\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5931\u696d\u7387\u66f2\u7dda\u304c\u300c\uff17\uff05\u300d\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u77db\u76fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u3010\u56f3\u8868\u25cb\u30fb\u672c\u6587\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u6392\u9664\u3011\u56f3\u8868\uff12\u306e\u8868\u306e\u7247\u9685\u306b\u300c\u8abf\u67fb\u5bfe\u8c61\u8005\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f62\uff1a42.3\u6b73\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;The average age of the survey participants was approximately forty-two years&#8221; \u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f100\uff05\u771f\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u5e74\u9f62\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u4e00\u5207\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u3068\u3082\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u3010\u672c\u6587\u25cb\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u00d7\u306e\u6392\u9664\u3011\u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u3042\u308b\u65b0\u7d20\u6750\u306f\u6975\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u3067\u8d85\u4f1d\u5c0e\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3068\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u306f\u6975\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u3067\u3082\u96fb\u6c17\u62b5\u6297\u304c\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u300c\u65b0\u7d20\u6750\u306f\u6975\u4f4e\u6e29\u3067\u8d85\u4f1d\u5c0e\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u77db\u76fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5207\u308a\u6368\u3066\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c2020\u5e74\u306e\u30d1\u30f3\u30c7\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u89b3\u5149\u5ba2\u6570\u304c\u524d\u5e74\u6bd4\u3067\u6fc0\u6e1b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u30822020\u5e74\u306e\u68d2\u304c\u6025\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;The number of domestic tourists plummeted to zero in 2020 due to the pandemic&#8221; \u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6fc0\u6e1b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672c\u6587\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6025\u843d\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u596a\u308f\u308c\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b &#8220;to zero&#8221;\uff08\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u307e\u3067\u843d\u3061\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u6020\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6fc0\u6e1b\u306f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u6570\u5024\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c200\u4e07\u4eba\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5618\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u6570\u5024\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u898b\u7834\u308a\u3001\u6392\u9664\u305b\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u7167\u5408\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7cbe\u5de7\u306a\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u56f3\u8868\u30fb\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u542b\u610f\u63a8\u8ad6\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8907\u6570\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u5f53\u8a72\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u57f9\u308f\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u529b\u3092\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u6975\u9650\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5727\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u904b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u5206\u6790\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u305d\u308c\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u5224\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u5cfb\u5225\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u5fdc\u7528\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5206\u6790\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7f60\uff08\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u306a\u3044\u3001\u9006\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u904e\u304e\u3001\u30ad\u30ba\u3001\u30ba\u30ec\uff09\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u5206\u985e\u30fb\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u4e8c\u5927\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6392\u9664\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u8996\u899a\u8cc7\u6599\u3068\u306e\u8907\u5408\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5177\u73fe\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u5206\u6790\u306e\u6280\u8853\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u904b\u7528\uff1a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u51e6\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u30ea\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u5927\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7cbe\u8aad\u306e\u307f\u306b\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8cbb\u3084\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u56f3\u8868\u3084\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u3067\u6642\u9593\u5207\u308c\u306b\u9665\u308b\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306f\u5f8c\u3092\u7d76\u305f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u8996\u899a\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u51fa\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u8a18\u8f09\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u304c\u5408\u5426\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304b\u3089\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u3079\u304d\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u578b\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u309215\u5206\u4ee5\u5185\u306e\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593\u3067\u7d71\u5408\u30fb\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u904b\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u5c64\u307e\u3067\u306b\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u9577\u6587\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u529b\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56f3\u8868\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u6280\u8853\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u306e\u9006\u7b97\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6570\u5024\u7684\u7167\u5408\u3001\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u9593\u306b\u4ecb\u5728\u3059\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u30fb\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5373\u5fdc\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u6280\u8853\u306f\u3001\u672c\u8a66\u9a13\u306e\u53b3\u3057\u3044\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u306e\u5927\u554f\u3092\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u6b66\u5668\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u672c\u6587\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u540c\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a66\u9a13\u6642\u9593\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d42\u76e4\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u9806\u306b\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u3066\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u3078\u5411\u304b\u3046\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3068\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u691c\u7d22\u3067\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u9593\u3092\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u5f80\u5fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3092\u62db\u304f\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3084\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u540d\u3001\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306a\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u9053\u6a19\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u7740\u624b\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u5404\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u54c1\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3084\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304b\u3089\u672c\u6587\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u3068\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304b\u3089\u89e3\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u578b\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8aad\u306b\u5148\u7acb\u3064\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u5ea7\u6a19\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u8868\u984c\u30fb\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3059\u308b\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u306e\u9650\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u554f\u984c\u306f\u300c\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d04800\u8a9e\u306b\u53ca\u3076\u9577\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u518d\u767a\u898b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u8996\u7dda\u79fb\u52d5\u304c\u751f\u3058\u300180\u5206\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8d85\u904e\u3059\u308b\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\uff08Title\uff09\u3001\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\uff08Headings\uff09\u3001\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\uff08Subheadings\uff09\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u69cb\u9020\uff08Introduction &#8211; Body &#8211; Conclusion\uff09\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u305f\u76ee\u6b21\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u5f79\u5272\uff08\u80cc\u666f\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u624b\u6cd5\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u533a\u753b\u306e\u4e26\u3073\u9806\u3068\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u30ad\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u884c\u70ba\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u300c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u5fd7\u5411\u578b\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u300d\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u63db\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u524d\u306b\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u984c\u3068\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6574\u7406\u57fa\u6e96\uff08\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u9806\u3001\u8981\u56e0\u5225\u6bd4\u8f03\u3001\u554f\u984c\u3068\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306a\u3069\uff09\u309215\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u578b\u304c\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u533a\u753b\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u542b\u3080\u672c\u6587\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u6bb5\u843d\u5192\u982d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u306a\u3044\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u5bfe\u8c61\u304b\u3089\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9664\u5916\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u7167\u5408\u3078\u79fb\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7121\u99c4\u306a\u518d\u8aad\u304c\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306b &#8220;Production Cost Analysis&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u5192\u982d\u306b &#8220;When evaluating the financial viability of manufacturing, expenditures must be scrutinized.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff08Production Cost \u3068 financial expenditures\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u3092\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\u304c &#8220;Urban Heat Islands&#8221; \u3067\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u533a\u753b\u306e\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304c &#8220;Mitigation Strategies&#8221;\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u5192\u982d\u304c &#8220;To counteract these elevated temperatures, municipal planners implemented reflective roofing.&#8221; \u306e\u5834\u5408 \u2192 Mitigation \u3068 counteract \u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5bfe\u7b56\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u30d4\u30f3\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057 &#8220;Historical Development&#8221; \u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u63a2\u305d\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u901a\u8aad\u3092\u5148\u884c\u3055\u305b\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6240\u5728\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3044\u7121\u99c4\u306a\u5f80\u5fa9\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff12\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u8a9e &#8220;Historical Development&#8221; \u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u5e74\u53f7\u3084\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u5236\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u96c6\u4e2d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u8996\u3067\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u533a\u753b\u304c &#8220;Current Limitations&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306b &#8220;Despite these technological breakthroughs, several formidable obstacles remain unresolved.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 breakthroughs \u306b\u76ee\u3092\u596a\u308f\u308c\u305a\u3001obstacles \u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304b\u3089\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u9650\u754c\u70b9\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u9818\u57df\u3068\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8ab2\u984c\u306e\u5217\u6319\u304b\u3089\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u54c1\u8a5e\u30fb\u60c5\u5831\u578b\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u524d\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u307f\u3092\u983c\u308a\u306b\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u63a2\u305d\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u306f\u3001\u51e6\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u308b\u4e3b\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u7f85\u5217\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u7c21\u6f54\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3001\u51a0\u8a5e\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e26\u5217\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u539f\u5f62\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3084\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\uff08\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u6570\u5024\u3001\u5834\u6240\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u4e3b\u4f53\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u5f37\u529b\u306b\u5236\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u578b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u672c\u6587\u3078\u5411\u304b\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u591a\u7a2e\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u307f\u3092\u9078\u629e\u7684\u306b\u6355\u6349\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u5148\u56de\u308a\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u884c\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f62\u614b\uff08\u5358\u6570\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\uff15\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u4e26\u5217\u8a18\u53f7\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3084\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7279\u6027\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u300c\u624b\u6bb5\uff08by doing\uff09\u300d\u300c\u7d50\u679c\uff08resulting in\uff09\u300d\u300c\u5c5e\u6027\uff08characterized by\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e88\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u7684\u578b\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u578b\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u307f\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u6838\u5fc3\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u307f\u3092\u62fe\u3044\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7167\u5408\u901f\u5ea6\u304c\u6975\u5927\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306b &#8220;- Drastic reduction in [ ]&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e in \u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8907\u6570\u540d\u8a5e\uff08cost, emissions \u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u5165\u308b\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\u5bfe\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u307f\u3092\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u304c &#8220;- [ ] the durability of the composite material&#8221; \u3067\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u304c &#8220;- Enhancing&#8230;&#8221;, &#8220;- Reducing&#8230;&#8221; \u3068\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u4e26\u5217\u306e\u539f\u5247\u304b\u3089\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u304b\u3064\u6750\u6599\u306e\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08Increasing, Improving \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c &#8220;- Caused by [ ]&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;Because the temperature dropped significantly, the reaction ceased.&#8221; \u304b\u3089 &#8220;the reaction ceased&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u7bc0\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e by \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u307e\u305f\u306f\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 &#8220;the significant temperature drop&#8221; \u307e\u305f\u306f &#8220;the drop in temperature&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u56e0\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c &#8220;- Capable of [ ] under extreme conditions&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e of \u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u306a\u308b\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The apparatus can operate reliably even in high-pressure environments.&#8221; \u304b\u3089 operating \u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4e2d\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6355\u6349\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u904b\u7528\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u7167\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u4ed8\u5c5e\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u6570\u5024\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u554f\u3046\u554f\u984c\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u7a00\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u66f2\u7dda\u3084\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5909\u5316\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u3089\u305b\u308b\u554f\u984c\u304c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3082\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u307f\u3092\u773a\u3081\u3066\u3082\u6b63\u89e3\u306b\u306f\u5230\u9054\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u3067\u91cd\u306d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8868\u73fe\u3084\u5897\u6e1b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u3069\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7cfb\u5217\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u4f5c\u696d\u304c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u8ef8\u30fb\u51e1\u4f8b\u30fb\u5358\u4f4d\uff09\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u50be\u5411\u5909\u5316\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u691c\u8a3c\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8996\u899a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u306a\u7167\u5408\u6280\u8853\u304c\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u5358\u4f4d\u30fb\u8ef8\u30fb\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u6570\u5024\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u62bd\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5927\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u983b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u5931\u70b9\u539f\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7e26\u8ef8\u30fb\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u540d\u3084\u5358\u4f4d\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u307e\u307e\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u72b6\u306e\u5370\u8c61\u3060\u3051\u3067\u672c\u6587\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u77ed\u7d61\u7684\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u306f\u3001\u767e\u5206\u7387\uff08%\uff09\u3068\u5b9f\u6570\uff08\u30c8\u30f3\u3001\u4eba\u3001\u30c9\u30eb\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u3001\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\uff08\u53e4\u3044\u5e74\u4ee3\u304c\u53f3\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u8907\u6570\u7cfb\u5217\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u985e\u4f3c\u6027\u306a\u3069\u3001\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u8996\u899a\u7684\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u8a08\u304c\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;a threefold increase&#8221; \u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u3068\u5e74\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8ef8\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7167\u5408\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u4f5c\u696d\u3092\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u884c\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u30fb\u6a2a\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5358\u4f4d\uff08in thousands, percentage \u7b49\uff09\u3092\uff15\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u4e57\u6570\uff08\u5343\u5358\u4f4d\u3001\u767e\u4e07\u5358\u4f4d\uff09\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u6020\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8a08\u7b97\u30df\u30b9\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u7cfb\u5217\u3084\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5857\u308a\u5206\u3051\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u51e1\u4f8b\uff08Legend\uff09\u3068\u5404\u7cfb\u5217\u306e\u7dda\u7a2e\u30fb\u6a21\u69d8\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u30fb\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3078\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u76f4\u884c\u3055\u305b\u3001\u6570\u5024\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3002\u76ee\u8996\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u3092\u9632\u3050\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u6570\u5024\u3084\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u4e0a\u3067\u76f4\u63a5\u5370\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u7269\u7406\u7684\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u4f75\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u304c &#8220;Share of Total Energy (%)&#8221; \u3067\u3001\u6a2a\u8ef8\u304c &#8220;2010 to 2025&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u5b9f\u6570\u91cf\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u7387\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;the proportion of renewable sources expanded&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\u306b &#8220;Method A (solid)&#8221; \u3068 &#8220;Method B (striped)&#8221; \u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067 &#8220;the conventional technique&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u524d\u6bb5\u3067 Method A \u304c\u5f93\u6765\u624b\u6cd5\u3068\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u7db2\u639b\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5b9f\u7dda\u306e\u68d2\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306e\u307f\u3092\u7167\u5408\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u7e26\u8ef8\u5358\u4f4d\u304c &#8220;in millions of dollars&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The total expenditure reached 500 million dollars.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u306b\u3042\u308b &#8220;500&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6570\u5b57\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u3066 &#8220;The expenditure was 500 dollars.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u6020\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u3042\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u7e26\u8ef8\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u8868\u793a &#8220;in millions&#8221; \u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u6570\u5024\u3068\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u8868\u8a18\u3068\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304c\u4ea4\u5dee\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u56f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The alternative fuel surpassed traditional coal in domestic usage around 2018.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 2018\u5e74\u306e\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u4e0a\u3067\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7cfb\u5217\u306e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ea4\u5dee\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u62bd\u51fa\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u50be\u5411\uff08\u5897\u6e1b\u30fb\u9006\u8ee2\uff09\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u306a\u8a2d\u554f\u5f62\u5f0f\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\uff08\u301c\u306f\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u6a2a\u3070\u3044\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u7b49\uff09\u3068\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u50be\u5411\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u554f\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f &#8220;sharply declined&#8221;\u3001&#8221;remained plateaued&#8221;\u3001&#8221;gradually surpassed&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u306a\u5909\u5316\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5909\u5316\u7387\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\uff08\u50be\u304d\u306e\u6025\u7de9\uff09\u3001\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u6642\u671f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u9806\u4f4d\u5909\u52d5\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5909\u5316\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3078\u3068\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u601d\u8003\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u6b63\u7b54\u7387\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u306b\u76f4\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u50be\u5411\u7167\u5408\u3092\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u9042\u884c\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u30fb\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8ff0\u8a9e\uff08increased, plummeted, peaked, leveled off \u306a\u3069\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u30fb\u6700\u4e0a\u7d1a\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u4e0b\u7dda\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u3001\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a2015\u5e74\u306b\u6700\u5927\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u6e1b\u5c11\uff09\u3092\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\uff08\u5c71\u6298\u308c\u306e\u9802\u70b9\u3001\u4e0b\u964d\u7dda\uff09\u3068\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfe\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u50be\u5411\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5909\u5316\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u6642\u671f\u3084\u9006\u8ee2\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;While production of plastics increased steadily, the recycling rate remained below five percent until a sharp upturn occurred in 2020.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 2020\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u307b\u307c\u5e73\u5766\u3067\u30012020\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u6025\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7cfb\u5217\u3092\u56f3\u8868\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u30ea\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u7387\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c &#8220;Domestic sales of the electric vehicle experienced a temporary dip during the regulatory transition, but quickly rebounded to exceed previous records.&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306a\u4e0b\u964d\uff08V\u5b57\u56de\u5fa9\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u533a\u9593\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u671f\u304c\u898f\u5236\u79fb\u884c\u671f\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The consumption of organic vegetables grew twice as fast as that of conventional produce.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5358\u306b\u6709\u6a5f\u91ce\u83dc\u306e\u68d2\u304c\u5f93\u6765\u91ce\u83dc\u306e\u68d2\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u6210\u9577\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u5897\u52a0\u7387\u30fb\u50be\u304d\uff09\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u7d76\u5bfe\u91cf\u306e\u5927\u5c0f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001&#8221;twice as fast&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5909\u5316\u7387\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u6642\u70b9\u9593\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u5e45\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u304c\u4e8c\u500d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;Contrary to general expectations, emissions peaked not in the industrial sector, but in the transportation sector in 2022.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 2022\u5e74\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6700\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306e\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u904b\u8f38\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u4e0a\u3067\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u771f\u507d\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u50be\u5411\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u8996\u899a\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u6587\u7ae0\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7d71\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56f3\u8868\u3068\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u51fa\u984c\u306e\u6700\u96e3\u95a2\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u305d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3067\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u3084\u6025\u6fc0\u306a\u5909\u5316\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u88dc\u5b8c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8996\u899a\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\uff08What happened\uff09\u3068\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u7406\u7531\uff08Why it happened\uff09\u3092\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u529b\u304c\u8a66\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u63a8\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u3068\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u8b58\u5225\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u67b6\u6a4b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u672c\u6587\u306b\u660e\u793a\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u306b\u306e\u307f\u7a81\u767a\u7684\u306a\u6e1b\u5c11\u3084\u6025\u5897\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u306a\u305c\u305d\u306e\u5909\u5316\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u306e\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6ce8\u8a18\u3084\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u554f\u3046\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3084\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u306b\u306f\u539f\u56e0\u306f\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u5909\u5316\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5ea7\u6a19\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a2011\u5e74\u306e\u6025\u6e1b\uff09\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u672c\u6587\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u3001\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u751f\u3058\u305f\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u30fb\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\uff08\u6cd5\u6539\u6b63\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u3001\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u63a2\u7d22\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306a\u5909\u7570\u70b9\u3092\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u5185\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u30fb\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u540c\u671f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u624b\u9806\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u3082\u969b\u7acb\u3063\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u70b9\uff08\u7279\u7570\u70b9\uff1a\u6025\u6fc0\u306a\u843d\u3061\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u7a81\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30c8\u30fc\u72b6\u614b\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u6642\u671f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u6642\u671f\u30fb\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u30ad\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u672c\u6587\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u671f\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3084\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u653f\u7b56\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304c\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u7279\u7570\u70b9\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u65b0\u7a0e\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u304c\u6d88\u8cbb\u306e\u6025\u6e1b\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u30662016\u5e74\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u304c\u6fc0\u6e1b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;Following the strict international treaty ratified in late 2015, manufacturers were compelled to phase out the compound.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u3001\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u6279\u51c6\u304c\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u6fc0\u6e1b\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u7d71\u5408\u63a8\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u8868\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u53ce\u7a6b\u91cf\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3067\u306e\u307f\u6975\u7aef\u306b\u4f4e\u3044\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The northern plateau suffered from unprecedented frost during the flowering season.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c17\u8c61\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3001\u971c\u5bb3\u304c\u53ce\u7a6b\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30672019\u5e74\u306b\u65b0\u88fd\u54c1\u306e\u58f2\u4e0a\u304c\u6025\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;In 2019, the marketing department launched a nationwide television campaign, but supply shortages severely restricted actual sales.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u4e00\u90e8\u3060\u3051\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u300c\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u5e83\u544a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u58f2\u4e0a\u304c\u6025\u5897\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u5f8c\u534a\u306e &#8220;supply shortages severely restricted actual sales&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u63a5\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u58f2\u4e0a\u4e0a\u6607\u306e\u771f\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff13\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u5225\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u3042\u308b &#8220;A competitor&#8217;s product recall drove unexpected demand to the new item.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u771f\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u592a\u967d\u5149\u767a\u96fb\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c2010\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u6025\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;Mass production economies of scale achieved in major manufacturing hubs drastically lowered panel fabrication costs.&#8221; \u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u91cf\u7523\u306b\u3088\u308b\u898f\u6a21\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u304c\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u6025\u843d\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u7279\u7570\u70b9\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u8907\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u9593\u306b\u4ecb\u5728\u3059\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5358\u306b\u540c\u6642\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\uff08\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\uff09\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u4ed6\u65b9\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\uff09\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u4e0a\u3067\u6b63\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5909\u6570\u3092\u3042\u305f\u304b\u3082\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff08\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u3092\u5de7\u5999\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300cA\u3068B\u306f\u540c\u6642\u306b\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u8981\u56e0C\u304c\u771f\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5b89\u6613\u306b\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u65ad\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u8aa4\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5f01\u5225\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u5909\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u76f8\u95a2\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u4e26\u884c\u4e0a\u6607\u3001\u53cd\u6bd4\u4f8b\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u8457\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08causes, leads to, results in\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u76f8\u95a2\uff08correlates with, coincides with, is associated with\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5171\u901a\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u898b\u304b\u3051\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u8abf\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u65ad\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u53b3\u683c\u306b\u541f\u5473\u3057\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3084\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u56f3\u8868\u3067\u30a2\u30a4\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u58f2\u4e0a\u3068\u6c34\u96e3\u4e8b\u6545\u4ef6\u6570\u304c\u3068\u3082\u306b\u590f\u5b63\u306b\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;While both variables increase during summer, this statistical association is driven by temperature rather than a causal link between consumption and accidents.&#8221; \u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u76f4\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u56f3\u8868\u3067\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u9593\u3068\u7761\u7720\u6642\u9593\u306e\u6e1b\u5c11\u304c\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c &#8220;Prolonged screen exposure directly suppresses melatonin secretion, thereby disrupting sleep cycles.&#8221; \u3068\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u5f71\u97ff\u300d\u306e\u6b04\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u56f3\u8868\u3067\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\u3068\u7279\u5b9a\u690d\u7269\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u6570\u5897\u52a0\u304c\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;Rising carbon dioxide levels caused the plant population to multiply rapidly.&#8221; \u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;Although the two trends coincide, laboratory experiments demonstrated that soil moisture, rather than gas concentration, determined growth.&#8221; \u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff12\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u8981\u56e0\uff08\u571f\u58cc\u6c34\u5206\uff09\u3092\u771f\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6c72\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u56f3\u8868\u3067\u6559\u80b2\u652f\u51fa\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u7d4c\u6e08\u6210\u9577\u7387\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\u304c\u4e26\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c &#8220;Reverse causality may exist; wealthier societies have more disposable capital to invest in schools.&#8221; \u3068\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u5358\u7d14\u306a\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u53cc\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9006\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a1\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u8b58\u5225\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u5224\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u767a\u8868\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30c9\u30fb\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3068\u8981\u7d04\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u8fbc\u3080\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5404\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u300c\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\uff08Main Ideas\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u300c\u4e0b\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\uff08Supporting Details \/ Examples \/ Data\uff09\u300d\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u968e\u5c64\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u500b\u5225\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u30fb\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u540c\u3058\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u5f80\u3005\u306b\u3057\u3066\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u5207\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u306b\u3059\u304e\u305a\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u3067\u672c\u8cea\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3053\u305d\u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u6574\u7406\u624b\u6cd5\u3068\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u5224\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5b8c\u6210\u306b\u76f4\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u8981\u7d04\u914d\u7f6e\u6280\u8853\u304c\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\u3068\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u30fb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u6574\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u300c\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\uff08\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u300c\u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u7d30\u90e8\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3084\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u9078\u3076\u3079\u304d\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306f\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e74\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9006\u306b\u7d30\u90e8\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\uff08\u5b57\u4e0b\u3052\uff09\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30c8\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3001\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u5305\u542b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8996\u899a\u7684\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u90e8\u5206\u304b\u3089\u9069\u5207\u306a\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u6574\u7406\u3092\u9069\u78ba\u306b\u884c\u3046\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u968e\u5c64\uff08\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb \uff1e \u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u898b\u51fa\u3057 \uff1e \u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u9805\u76ee \uff1e \u6ce8\u91c8\u30fb\u88dc\u8db3\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u533a\u753b\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u9805\u76ee\u3092\u89b3\u5bdf\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7c92\u5ea6\uff08\u6587\u304b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304b\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u304b\u500b\u5225\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\uff09\u3067\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e26\u5217\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u304c\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\uff08\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\uff09\u3068\u305d\u308c\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\uff08\u4e0b\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\uff09\u3092\u5207\u308a\u5206\u3051\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e26\u5217\u3059\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304c &#8220;Economic Benefits&#8221;\u3001&#8221;Technological Feasibility&#8221; \u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u540c\u7b49\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3092\u6301\u3064\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08&#8221;Environmental Implications&#8221; \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u9078\u3073\u3001\u500b\u5225\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08&#8221;Emissions dropped by 10%&#8221; \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u7b87\u6761\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u7d30\u90e8\u9805\u76ee\u3067 &#8220;- Cost: [ ]&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5024\u3084\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u5185\u8a33\u3092\u793a\u3059\u4e0b\u4f4d\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08&#8221;$50 per unit&#8221; \u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u672c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u5145\u586b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u76f4\u4e0b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b &#8220;For example, in a study of 50 commuters, three individuals reported headaches.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u500b\u5225\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u8981\u7d04\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3092\u4e0a\u4f4d\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u76f4\u4e0b\u306e\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u8981\u7d04\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c\u652f\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6 &#8220;Minor physical symptoms were occasionally observed among users.&#8221; \u3092\u9078\u3076\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u8ad6\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\uff08Summary \/ Takeaway\uff09\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u793a\u5506\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff08&#8221;Sustainable implementation requires balancing technological innovation with equitable access.&#8221;\uff09\u3092\u3001\u7d30\u90e8\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u968e\u5c64\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u8981\u7d04\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u904b\u7528\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3078\u306e\u7f6e\u63db\u3001\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u304b\u3089\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3078\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5909\u63db\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u304b\u3089\u4e8c\u91cd\u5426\u5b9a\u3078\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5909\u63db\u306a\u3069\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u304c\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e &#8220;75%&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6570\u5024\u304c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f &#8220;a vast majority of respondents&#8221; \u3068\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;doubled&#8221; \u304c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f &#8220;a 100% increase&#8221; \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4e2d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u547d\u984c\u304c\u672c\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u7b49\u4fa1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u7d20\u65e9\u304f\u898b\u629c\u304f\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u30fb\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u8ab0\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u3069\u3046\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4e2d\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u53e5\uff08\u4f8b\uff1aa substantial portion\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3084\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a68%\uff09\u3092\u9006\u5f15\u304d\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\uff08only, all, never \u7b49\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u3084\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u70b9\u691c\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7bc4\u56f2\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u6e80\u8db3\u5ea6\u304c82%\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;Most participants expressed favorable views.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;An overwhelming proportion of the subjects approved of the intervention.&#8221; \u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The system ceased to function when temperature dropped below zero.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;Sub-zero temperatures caused operational failure.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3078\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u7537\u6027\u306e\u5229\u7528\u7387\u304c45%\u3001\u5973\u6027\u304c55%\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;Significantly more women than men utilize the service.&#8221; \u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u5dee\u306f10\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u3001&#8221;significantly more&#8221;\uff08\u8457\u3057\u304f\u591a\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u304c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u5b9f\u614b\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff13\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u5f37\u8abf\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9000\u3051\u3001&#8221;Women slightly outnumbered men in service utilization.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7bc0\u5ea6\u3042\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The chemical compound breaks down without leaving hazardous residues.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;The substance is environmentally harmless upon degradation.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5408\u81f4\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u8df5\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u8907\u6570\u7acb\u5834\u30fb\u5bfe\u7acb\u898b\u89e3\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3084\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5229\u5bb3\u95a2\u4fc2\u8005\uff08\u74b0\u5883\u4fdd\u8b77\u56e3\u4f53\u3001\u7523\u696d\u754c\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u95a2\u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u76f8\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u8b70\u8ad6\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u306f\u300c\u652f\u6301\u6d3e\u306e\u6839\u62e0\uff08Arguments in Favor\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u614e\u91cd\u6d3e\u306e\u61f8\u5ff5\uff08Concerns \/ Criticisms\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u7acb\u5834\u5225\u306b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3057\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\u3001\u3069\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304c\u3069\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8ad6\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3001\u3069\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8cdb\u6210\u610f\u898b\u3068\u53cd\u5bfe\u610f\u898b\u304c\u6df7\u540c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7f60\u306b\u5d4c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3065\u3051\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u540c\u4e00\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u6574\u7406\u6280\u8853\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u7570\u306a\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u30fb\u8abf\u67fb\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3065\u3051<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u306b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\uff08Dr. Smith, The Green Coalition, The Industrial Alliance \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u4f9d\u62e0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30921\u5bfe1\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3065\u3051\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u4f53A\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u4e3b\u4f53B\u306e\u610f\u898b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3084\u3001\u4e3b\u4f53A\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u305f\u61f8\u5ff5\u3092\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u767a\u8a00\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u3068\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u5074\u306e\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3078\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u4ed5\u5206\u3051\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u9042\u884c\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7acb\u5834\u304c\u8868\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u767a\u8a00\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08\u4eba\u7269\u540d\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u540d\uff09\u3068\u305d\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08claims, argues, counters, cautions \u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u5370\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u4e3b\u4f53\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\uff08\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u5e74\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u70b9\uff09\u3092\u7dda\u3067\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\uff08Pros vs. Cons\u3001Group X vs. Group Y\uff09\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u5074\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u3067 &#8220;While environmental advocates cite the 40% reduction in local wildlife as proof of ecosystem collapse, corporate spokespersons maintain that the decline is a temporary fluctuation within historical norms.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u300c40%\u6e1b\u5c11\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540c\u4e00\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306f\u300c\u5d29\u58ca\u306e\u8a3c\u660e\u300d\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306f\u300c\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u5909\u52d5\u300d\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u6b04\u306b\u632f\u308a\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u3067 &#8220;Dr. Gomez cautions that the laboratory results may not translate to field conditions, whereas her colleagues consider the findings immediately applicable.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u614e\u91cd\u6d3e\uff08Gomez\uff09\u3068\u697d\u89b3\u6d3e\uff08colleagues\uff09\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u5074\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u7684\u78ba\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Criticisms of the Proposal&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u67a0\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;Supporters enthusiastically point to the substantial economic gains projected for the region.&#8221; \u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u67a0\u304c\u6279\u5224\u5074\u306e\u610f\u898b\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u8cdb\u6210\u6d3e\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff13\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u7acb\u5834\u306e\u6975\u6027\uff08\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8996\u70b9\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u53cd\u5bfe\u6d3e\u304c\u6307\u6458\u3059\u308b &#8220;potential displacement of local businesses&#8221; \u3092\u9078\u3076\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u72ec\u7acb\u8abf\u67fb\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u63d0\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u7d44\u7e54\u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u81ea\u3089\u306b\u6709\u5229\u306a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u307f\u3092\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u90e8\u5206\u306e\u5207\u308a\u53d6\u308a\u3068\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u3068\u53cd\u8a3c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u5cfb\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u8868\uff08Figure 1 \u3068 Table 1 \u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u6dfb\u4ed8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u88dc\u5f37\u3057\u5408\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u305d\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u53cd\u4f8b\u30fb\u9650\u754c\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u554f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001Figure 1 \u304c\u6280\u8853\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3059\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001Table 1 \u304c\u83ab\u5927\u306a\u904b\u7528\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3084\u74b0\u5883\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u8ab2\u984c\u300d\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u306f Table 1 \u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u5165\u3089\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u56f3\u8868\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u652f\u6301\u304b\u53cd\u8a3c\u304b\uff09\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8ad6\u70b9\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5cfb\u5225\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u56f3\u8868\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u3069\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u53c2\u7167\u6307\u793a\uff1aas shown in Figure 1 \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u304c\u3069\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6587\u8108\u304c\u305d\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u300c\u81ea\u8aac\u306e\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\uff08Support\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u5bfe\u7acb\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u53cd\u8a3c\uff08Refutation\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c\u4f8b\u5916\u4e8b\u9805\uff08Limitation\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u533a\u5206\uff08\u5f37\u307f\u3001\u5f31\u307f\u3001\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3068\u3001\u5404\u56f3\u8868\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5408\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u65b0\u7d20\u6750\u306e\u5f15\u5f35\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08Figure 1\uff09\u3092\u300c\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u3092\u51cc\u99d5\u3059\u308b\u300d\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u88fd\u9020\u904e\u7a0b\u306e\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6392\u51fa\u91cf\u306e\u8868\uff08Table 1\uff09\u3092\u300c\u74b0\u5883\u9762\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u61f8\u5ff5\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300cEnvironmental Challenges\u300d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f Table 1 \u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: Figure 1 \u304c\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u6210\u9577\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001Figure 2 \u304c\u6240\u5f97\u683c\u5dee\u306e\u6025\u901f\u306a\u62e1\u5927\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u6210\u9577\u306e\u5074\u9762\u3068\u683c\u5dee\u306e\u5074\u9762\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u9762\u6027\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u7dcf\u62ec\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u6b04\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e &#8220;Limitations of the New Treatment&#8221; \u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u969b\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u6cbb\u7652\u7387\u304c90%\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059 Figure 1 \u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u6cbb\u7652\u7387\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6210\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u300c\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u9650\u754c\u300d\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u300c\u6210\u679c\u300d\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff13\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u518d\u767a\u7387\u3084\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u306e\u767a\u751f\u983b\u5ea6\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b Figure 2 \u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001&#8221;high recurrence rates within five years&#8221; \u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c Table 1 \u306e\u6700\u4e0b\u884c\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u554f\u3046\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001Table 1 \u306e\u7279\u7570\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u884c\u3092\u30d4\u30f3\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5cfb\u5225\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u914d\u7f6e\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16. \u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30de\u30cd\u30b8\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3068\u9ad8\u901f\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u306f15\u5206\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9650\u3089\u308c\u305f\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u3092\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3068\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u3066\u7121\u99c4\u3092\u7701\u3044\u305f\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u3068\u8996\u7dda\u79fb\u52d5\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5168\u6587\u3092\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u6700\u5f8c\u307e\u3067\u6f2b\u7136\u3068\u8aad\u3080\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u307f\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u3067\u62fe\u3044\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u6280\u8853\u3068\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u7f60\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u898b\u629c\u304f\u56de\u907f\u773c\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u300115\u5206\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u3092\u5b8c\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u3067\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u3067\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3055\u306a\u3044\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u306a\u904b\u7528\u6280\u8853\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff11. \u8a2d\u554f\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u53c2\u7167\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u6700\u9069\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u9806\u5e8f\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u901a\u8aad\u304b\u3089\u5165\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3057\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u30a2\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\uff08\u9328\uff09\u3092\u964d\u308d\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u3068\u8a2d\u554f\u6587\u3092\u5148\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u9032\u3081\u306a\u304c\u3089\u300c\u4eca\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3053\u306e\u6587\u3053\u305d\u304c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u62403\u306b\u5165\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3060\u300d\u300c\u3053\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306f Figure 1 \u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u3079\u304d\u7b87\u6240\u3060\u300d\u3068\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u3067\u5224\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u89e3\u3068\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u540c\u6642\u4e26\u884c\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u65b9\u5f0f\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3092\u77ed\u7e2e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6700\u5584\u7b56\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u5927\u554f\u306e\u5192\u982d\u3067\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u309230\u79d2\u3067\u6982\u89b3\u3057\u3001\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u3068\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5404\u554f\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u5358\u4e00\u9078\u629e\u3001\u8907\u6570\u9078\u629e\u3001\u9806\u5e8f\u4e26\u3079\u66ff\u3048\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u9032\u3081\u3064\u3064\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5c0f\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u5165\u3063\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u8aad\u89e3\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7cbe\u8aad\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u3078\u306e\u53c2\u7167\u6307\u793a\uff08Figure 1, Table \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u56f3\u8868\u3078\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u79fb\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u305d\u306e\u5834\u3067\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3001\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u305d\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u57cb\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u304c\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u3068\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u89e3\u7b54\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3059\u308b \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u5f8c\u306b\u8a18\u61b6\u3092\u983c\u308a\u306b\u623b\u308b\u624b\u9593\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3067\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u305f3\u3064\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u300d\u304c\u4e26\u5217\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u3067 &#8220;First,&#8230; Second,&#8230; Finally,&#8230;&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5217\u6319\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u305d\u306e3\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u629c\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u8a2d\u554f\u3084\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u4e00\u5207\u898b\u305a\u306b\u672c\u6587\u3092\u6700\u5f8c\u307e\u3067\u771f\u9762\u76ee\u306b\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3067\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u300c\u3042\u308c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a71\u306f\u3069\u3053\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3063\u3051\u300d\u3068\u672c\u6587\u3092\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u63a2\u3057\u76f4\u3059 \u2192 \u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7a7a\u8cbb\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3068\u8a2d\u554f\u6587\u3092\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u3080\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u89e3\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u3067 &#8220;As illustrated in the bar chart below&#8230;&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3067\u5f85\u305f\u305a\u306b\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u4e0b\u306e\u68d2\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5408\u81f4\u70b9\u3092\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u9032\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff12. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4e2d\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u7167\u5408\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u56de\u907f\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u76ee\u7acb\u3064\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6563\u308a\u3070\u3081\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u9006\u306b\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3057\u305f\u300c\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u7167\u5408\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff08\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u300d\u304c\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6642\u9593\u5727\u306b\u8ffd\u308f\u308c\u305f\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u307b\u3069\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u898b\u304b\u3051\u305f\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u306b\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u5931\u70b9\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u901a\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u4e00\u81f4\u306f\u3080\u3057\u308d\u8b66\u6212\u3059\u3079\u304d\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u672c\u6587\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3084\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u8907\u6570\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304b\u305a\u3001\u4f5c\u70ba\u7684\u306a\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u7591\u3046\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u9aa8\u683c\uff08\u8ab0\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f &#8220;A caused B&#8221; \u306a\u306e\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f &#8220;B resulted in A&#8221; \u3068\u56e0\u679c\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001&#8221;some&#8221; \u304c &#8220;all&#8221; \u306b\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u70b9\u691c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3082\u3001\u547d\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u610f\u5473\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7b49\u4fa1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63a1\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The implementation of subsidies accelerated adoption, although initial skepticism persisted.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;Initial skepticism accelerated the adoption of subsidies.&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6765\u3060\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u308f\u308a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304d\u3001\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;Approximately 40% of the surveyed participants agreed with the proposal.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;A majority of the participants supported the proposal.&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 40%\u306f\u904e\u534a\u6570\uff08majority\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u53e5 &#8220;revolutionary breakthrough&#8221; \u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u305b\u305a\u306b\u300c\u672c\u6587\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u3067\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u51fa\u984c\u8005\u304c\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u305f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u8a98\u5f15\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u5d4c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff12\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068 &#8220;The revolutionary breakthrough was rejected by modern engineers.&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;engineers embraced the breakthrough&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;The restriction was temporarily lifted due to favorable weather.&#8221; \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;Benign atmospheric conditions enabled a provisional suspension of the rule.&#8221; \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u672c\u6587\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7f6e\u63db\uff08favorable weather \u2192 benign atmospheric conditions, temporarily lifted \u2192 provisional suspension\uff09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u7167\u5408\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u9451\u8b58\u773c\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17. \u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4eee\u8aac\u691c\u8a3c\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u5c0e\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u7d42\u76e4\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u300c\u3082\u3057\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u52a0\u308f\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u4e88\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u3053\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3092\u5225\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3078\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u9069\u7528\uff08\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\uff09\u304c\u554f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u3001\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u539f\u7406\u3084\u6cd5\u5247\u3001\u5909\u6570\u9593\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u6027\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u3001\u65b0\u898f\u72b6\u6cc1\u3078\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u6700\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6f14\u7e79\u6280\u8853\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff11. \u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u8a55\u4fa1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u6271\u3063\u305f\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u300c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5909\u6570\uff08\u72ec\u7acb\u5909\u6570\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u300c\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\uff08\u5f93\u5c5e\u5909\u6570\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u300c\u4e00\u5b9a\u306b\u4fdd\u305f\u308c\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5bfe\u7167\u5b9f\u9a13\uff08Control experiment\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u306b\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6210\u679c\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u74b0\u5883\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u4e0d\u5099\u3084\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u7a81\u304f\u6279\u5224\u7684\u601d\u8003\u529b\u3092\u554f\u3046\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u9a13\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u624b\u9806\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5b9f\u9a13\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5909\u6570\uff09\u3068\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305a\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u305f\u57fa\u6e96\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff09\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5909\u6570\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u59a5\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u5e72\u6e09\u5909\u6570\u304c\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u9650\u754c\uff08\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u6570\u306e\u5c11\u306a\u3055\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u3068\u5b9f\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a00\u53ca\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9069\u7528\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u904e\u5927\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u690d\u7269\u306e\u6210\u9577\u4fc3\u9032\u5b9f\u9a13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\uff09\u3068\u6c34\u306e\u307f\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\uff09\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u30fb\u65e5\u7167\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u6bd4\u8f03\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u6210\u9577\u306e\u5dee\u304c\u80a5\u6599\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u7d71\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u9069\u5207\u6027\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u306b &#8220;The trial was conducted exclusively on young male athletes, so the researchers cautioned against generalizing the results to the broader population.&#8221; \u3068\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300c\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u300d\u3084\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u6027\u3092\u6307\u6458\u3057\u305f\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u5b9f\u9a13\u7fa4\u3067\u85ac\u3092\u6295\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u60a3\u8005\u306e\u75c7\u72b6\u304c\u6539\u5584\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e &#8220;The medicine was proven entirely effective without doubt.&#8221; \u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u30d7\u30e9\u30bb\u30dc\uff08\u507d\u85ac\uff09\u3092\u6295\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u6cbb\u7652\u3084\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u624b\u9806\uff12\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u63a8\u79fb\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u9593\u306b\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306b\u6709\u610f\u306a\u5dee\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u5b9f\u9a13\u5ba4\u5185\u306e\u7121\u83cc\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c &#8220;Outdoor soil conditions involve competing bacteria that significantly impede this activity.&#8221; \u3068\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u5b9f\u74b0\u5883\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u306b\u306f\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7559\u4fdd\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u7d71\u5236\u5909\u6570\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff12. \u65b0\u898f\u72b6\u6cc1\u3078\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u7528\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u541f\u5473<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u5c0f\u554f\u3067\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u300c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u554f\u984c\u300d\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3084\u50be\u5411\u3092\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u67b6\u7a7a\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u67b6\u7a7a\u306e\u90fd\u5e02X\u3067\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u5c0e\u5165\u3001\u67b6\u7a7a\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u7a2eY\u306e\u751f\u614b\u4e88\u6e2c\uff09\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3092\u4e38\u6697\u8a18\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u5f79\u306b\u7acb\u305f\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u300c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u300d\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5165\u529b\u5024\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u6027\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6349\u3048\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3092\u9042\u884c\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56f3\u8868\u5168\u4f53\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u5bc6\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u307e\u308b\u307b\u3069\u500b\u4f53\u9593\u306e\u7af6\u4e89\u304c\u6fc0\u5316\u3057\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u884c\u3067\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u898f\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u90fd\u5e02X\u3067\u306f\u4f4f\u5b85\u5bc6\u5ea6\u304c\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u4e09\u500d\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3067\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u3069\u306e\u5909\u6570\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u90fd\u5e02X\u3067\u306f\u4f4f\u6c11\u9593\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u95a2\u9023\u75be\u60a3\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\uff09\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u9ce5\u985e\u306e\u7ffc\u306e\u9577\u3055\u3068\u98db\u884c\u52b9\u7387\u306e\u53cd\u6bd4\u4f8b\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u7ffc\u304c\u77ed\u3044\u307b\u3069\u5c0f\u56de\u308a\u304c\u5229\u304d\u3001\u9577\u3044\u307b\u3069\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u98db\u884c\u306b\u9069\u3059\u308b\uff09\u300d\u304c\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u300c\u5bc6\u6797\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u65b0\u7a2e\u300d\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u969b\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u304b\u3089\u6f14\u7e79\u3057\u3066\u300c\u77ed\u3044\u7ffc\u3092\u6301\u3064\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u70ad\u7d20\u7a0e\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u307b\u3069\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u306e\u6392\u51fa\u524a\u6e1b\u6295\u8cc7\u304c\u6d3b\u767a\u5316\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u306b\u306f\u96c7\u7528\u6210\u9577\u304c\u920d\u5316\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u65b0\u898f\u306e\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53Z\u304c\u6700\u9ad8\u7a0e\u7387\u3092\u8ab2\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u300c\u6392\u51fa\u6295\u8cc7\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3068\u77ed\u671f\u96c7\u7528\u306e\u6291\u5236\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u591c\u9593\u306e\u4eba\u5de5\u5149\u304c\u30a6\u30df\u30ac\u30e1\u306e\u5e7c\u4f53\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u611f\u899a\u3092\u72c2\u308f\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u5247\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u300c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u906e\u5149\u578bLED\u8857\u8def\u706f\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u6d77\u5cb8\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u969b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u4eba\u5de5\u5149\uff1d\u6709\u5bb3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8a18\u61b6\u3060\u3051\u3067\u300c\u906e\u5149\u578b\u3067\u3082\u5e7c\u4f53\u306f\u6b7b\u6ec5\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u5373\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u65b0\u898f\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306e\u300c\u906e\u5149\u578b\uff08\u5149\u304c\u6d77\u306b\u6f0f\u308c\u306a\u3044\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u6b8a\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u5909\u6570\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044 \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff12\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u906e\u5149\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5e7c\u4f53\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u64b9\u4e71\u304c\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3057\u3001\u300c\u5e7c\u4f53\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u304c\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u6d77\u5cb8\u3088\u308a\u5411\u4e0a\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306a\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u672c\u6587\u3067\u300c\u6750\u6599A\u306b\u71b1\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306f\u5897\u3059\u304c\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u5247\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u300c\u5730\u9707\u306b\u8010\u3048\u3046\u308b\u67d4\u8edf\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u6750\u300d\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u65b0\u898f\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u300c\u6750\u6599A\u306f\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u65b0\u898f\u72b6\u6cc1\u3078\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18. \u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u5b8c\u7b54\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30c6\u30b8\u30fc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u8a18\u4e8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306b\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3068\u90e8\u5206\u6280\u8853\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u672c\u8a66\u306e\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u309215\u5206\u4ee5\u5185\u306e\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593\u3067\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u5b8c\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u5b9f\u6226\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30c6\u30b8\u30fc\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a66\u9a13\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u5c40\u9762\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u9650\u306e\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u30fb\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u75b2\u52b4\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u77e5\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u9632\u6b62\u3057\u3001\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3059\u308b\u304b\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u884c\u52d5\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u304b\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u958b\u59cb\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u8996\u7dda\u8a98\u5c0e\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u7167\u5408\u306e\u4e26\u884c\u51e6\u7406\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u8eab\u4f53\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u300115\u5206\u5b8c\u7b54\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3068\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u898b\u76f4\u3057\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30df\u30b9\u9632\u6b62\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u653b\u7565\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff11. 15\u5206\u4ee5\u5185\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u53d6\u6368\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u309215\u5206\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u306e\u76ee\u5b89\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30fb\u8a2d\u554f\u8d70\u67fb\u306b\u7d041\u5206\u3001\u672c\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u7167\u5408\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5c0f\u554f\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u4e26\u884c\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u7d0412\u5206\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u7d042\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30c6\u30f3\u30dd\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3069\u3053\u3092\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u3069\u3053\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3059\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u3084\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u3066\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u80cc\u666f\u53f2\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u3084\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u679d\u8449\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306f\u610f\u5473\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3066\u9ad8\u901f\u3067\u30b9\u30ad\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u30ae\u30a2\u30c1\u30a7\u30f3\u30b8\u3092\u81ea\u5f8b\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5236\u9650\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u7dcf\u5408\u51e6\u7406\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3067\u9032\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\uff080:00\u301c1:30\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8868\u984c\u30fb\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5c0f\u554f4\u554f\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u6587\u3092\u901f\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u578b\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u53c2\u7167\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u982d\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\uff081:30\u301c13:00\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3092\u6bb5\u843d\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u9032\u3081\u3001\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u7b87\u6240\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u3089\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u56f3\u8868\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u305d\u306e\u5834\u3067\u5c0f\u554f\u3092\u89e3\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u5ea6\u89e3\u3044\u305f\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u306f\u672a\u7df4\u3092\u6b8b\u3055\u305a\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u5b8c\u4e86\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\uff0813:00\u301c15:00\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30ea\u30fc\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u9996\u5c3e\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u77db\u76fe\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u5927\u5c40\u7684\u306b\u6700\u7d42\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u5b9f\u9a13\u5668\u5177\u306e\u578b\u756a\u3084\u8a66\u85ac\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u5217\u6319\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u305d\u306e\u6570\u5024\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u3067\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e00\u8a9e\u4e00\u8a9e\u8a33\u51fa\u305b\u305a\u300c\u5b9f\u9a13\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u300d\u3068\u5927\u67a0\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u6b21\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u3078\u76f4\u9032\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u306b &#8220;The central dilemma is illustrated in Figure 2.&#8221; \u3068\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u30ae\u30a2\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7cbe\u8aad\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u5165\u308a\u3001Figure 2 \u306e\u8ef8\u3068\u7cfb\u5217\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30b8\u30ec\u30f3\u30de\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u72b6\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u3066\u8a72\u5f53\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u89e3\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u7b2c\uff13\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u306b\u7d5e\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u304b\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u304d\u308c\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u5f80\u5fa9\u3057\u30665\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u6d88\u8cbb\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u306e\u539f\u5247\u3092\u7834\u7dbb\u3055\u305b\u308b\u6700\u60aa\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff12\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u30012\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff7\u3046\u8a2d\u554f\u306f\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3093\u66ab\u5b9a\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u4fdd\u7559\u3068\u3057\u3001\u914d\u70b9\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u7b2c\uff14\u554f\uff08\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u554f\u984c\uff09\u3078\u524d\u9032\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u50cf\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u623b\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u6b63\u7b54\u7387\u306f\u9ad8\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u6587\u304c\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408 \u2192 \u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u300cConclusion\u300d\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3068\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u6280\u8853\u3092\u99c6\u4f7f\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff12. \u6700\u7d42\u898b\u76f4\u3057\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30df\u30b9\u30fb\u7167\u5408\u30ba\u30ec\u306e\u9632\u6b62\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u5b89\u5835\u611f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u6020\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306e\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7121\u306b\u5e30\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u554f\u3054\u3068\u306b\u914d\u70b9\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\uff081\u554f\u3042\u305f\u308a3\u70b9\u301c6\u70b9\uff09\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u3084\u8907\u6570\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\uff08\u300c\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u4e8c\u3064\u9078\u3079\u300d\u7b49\uff09\u3067\u306e\u9078\u629e\u6570\u4e0d\u8db3\u304c\u547d\u53d6\u308a\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u756a\u53f7\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u7a7a\u6240 42, 43\uff09\u3068\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5927\u554f\u756a\u53f7\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u901a\u3057\u756a\u53f7\u3067\u4e26\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u98db\u3070\u3057\u305f\u969b\u306e\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30ba\u30ec\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u8a66\u9a13\u7d42\u4e86\u76f4\u524d\u306e2\u5206\u9593\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306a\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30eb\u30bb\u30fc\u30d5\u306e\u70b9\u691c\u6642\u9593\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u70b9\u691c\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u78ba\u8a8d\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u5370\u5237\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u756a\u53f7\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a[ 41 ]\uff09\u3068\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u756a\u53f7\uff0841\u756a\uff09\u3092\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u3067\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u756a\u53f7\u306e\u30ba\u30ec\u304c\u4e00\u5207\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\uff08Choose TWO options \u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u304c\u9069\u5207\u306b\u65bd\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u9006\u306b\u5358\u4e00\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u4e8c\u91cd\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u70b9\u691c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u691c\u8a0e\u30e1\u30e2\uff08\u5404\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u25ef\u30fb\u00d7\u306e\u6839\u62e0\uff09\u3068\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u5857\u3089\u308c\u305f\u756a\u53f7\uff081\u301c4\uff09\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e30\u79d2\u304b\u30891\u5206\u306e\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u78ba\u8a8d\u304c\u3001\u30b1\u30a2\u30ec\u30b9\u30df\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5931\u70b9\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u906e\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240[ 43 ]\u306b\u300c3\u300d\u3068\u30e1\u30e2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e43\u756a\u306e\u300c3\u300d\u304c\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5857\u308a\u3064\u3076\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30da\u30f3\u5148\u3067\u6307\u5dee\u3057\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u554f3\u304c\u300c\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6587\u3092\u4e8c\u3064\u9078\u3079\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u793a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u306e\u6307\u793a\u6587\u4e2d\u306e &#8220;TWO&#8221; \u306b\u4e38\u3092\u3064\u3051\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u756a\u53f7\u306b\u4e8c\u7b87\u6240\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u70b9\u691c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: \u6642\u9593\u304c\u30ae\u30ea\u30ae\u30ea\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u306b\u306f\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u300c2\u300d\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u4e38\u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u614c\u3066\u3066\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u96a3\u306e\u884c\uff0844\u756a\u306e\u884c\uff09\u306b\u300c2\u300d\u3092\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046 \u2192 \u6642\u9593\u306e\u5207\u8feb\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30ba\u30ec\u3067\u3042\u308b \u2192 \u624b\u9806\uff11\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u300c\u554f\u984c\u756a\u53f7\u300d\u3068\u300c\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u884c\u306e\u756a\u53f7\u300d\u3092\u58f0\u3092\u51fa\u3055\u305a\u306b\u53e3\u30d1\u30af\u3067\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u306a\u304c\u3089\u5857\u308b\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u3092\u8eab\u4f53\u5316\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 4: \u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u914d\u70b9\u5408\u8a08\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a12\u70b9\u5206\uff09\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u672a\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u7a7a\u767d\u30de\u30b9\u304c\u4e00\u5207\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6700\u7d42\u70b9\u691c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u898b\u76f4\u3057\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u30df\u30b9\u9632\u6b62\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5b9b\u5148\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u56f3\u8868\u30fb\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u7d71\u8a08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5f53\u8a72\u5c64\u3067\u306e\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u5909\u5316\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u30921\u5bfe1\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3065\u3051\u308b\u7167\u5408\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5b9b\u5148\u5185\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u7cfb\u5217\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5909\u5316\u50be\u5411\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7167\u5408\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M08]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5b9b\u5148\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u9577\u6587\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3068\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u8981\u7d04\u306e\u6280\u8853\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5f53\u8a72\u5c64\u3067\u306e\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3068\u672c\u6587\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u4e3b\u984c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5b9b\u5148\u5185\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u8ffd\u8de1\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587:\u57fa\u790e M19]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5b9b\u5148\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u5b9f\u7528\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u7167\u5408\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5f53\u8a72\u5c64\u3067\u306e\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u58c1\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u3001\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u9805\u76ee\u3068\u7a81\u304d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u5171\u901a\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u8d70\u67fb\u624b\u9806\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u5b9b\u5148\u5185\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u62bd\u51fa\u3068\u6761\u4ef6\u7167\u5408\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"p-adBox -normal -border-off\" data-id=\"28822\" data-ad=\"normal\"><div class=\"p-adBox__body\"><div class=\"p-adBox__img\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\r\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4096448290756453\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"8041436349\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u30ea\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u96e3\u95a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u300c\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u300d\u309215\u5206\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5b8c\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u6280\u8853\u3092\u3001\u8996\u5ea7\u30fb\u539f\u7406\u30fb\u904b\u7528\u306e\u4e09\u5c64\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u901a\u8aad\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u500b\u5225\u89e3\u91c8\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u8aad\u89e3\u3092\u8131\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u8996\u899a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u3067\u91cd\u306d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8996\u5ea7\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u304c\u5358\u306a\u308b\u82f1\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u6e90\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8981\u7d04\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u52d9\u7684\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u7d9a\u304f\u539f\u7406\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8ef8\u3084\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u30fb\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7167\u5408\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8907\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5f01\u5225\u539f\u7406\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u904b\u7528\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u578b\u4e88\u6e2c\u3001\u8907\u6570\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u898b\u89e3\u306e\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u5148\u8aad\u307f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u51e6\u7406\u3001\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u7167\u5408\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u6392\u9664\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u7528\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u6280\u8853\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7279\u6709\u306e\u6975\u9650\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u306e\u8ff7\u8def\u306b\u56da\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u5c04\u629c\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a66\u9a13\u672c\u756a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9577\u5927\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u3068\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u305f\u969b\u306b\u3082\u3001\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u4f53\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u9818\u57df\u9650\u5b9a\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7167\u5408\u624b\u9806\u3092\u53b3\u683c\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3001\u51b7\u9759\u304b\u3064\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6e80\u70b9\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9f\u8df5\u77e5\u306e\u691c\u8a3c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u51fa\u984c\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u51fa\u984c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u30ea\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u6587\uff0b\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30fb\u8868\uff0b\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\u578b\u9078\u629e\u5f0f\u8a2d\u554f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606\u6a19\u6e96 \u301c \u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606\u96e3\u95a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5206\u91cf\uff1a\u5927\u554f1\u984c\u30fb\u5c0f\u554f\u8a084\u554f\uff08\u5927\u554f\u914d\u70b925\u70b9\uff09\u30fb\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u959315\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u5f59\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff1a\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u63b2\u8f09\u8a9e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u983b\u51fa\u8a9e\u304c\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u30fb\u6280\u8853\u95a2\u9023\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u69cb\u6587\u8907\u96d1\u5ea6\uff1a\u8907\u6587\u30fb\u91cd\u6587\u304c\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307f\u3084\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u3088\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u51dd\u7e2e\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u591a\u51fa\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\uff1a\u5c0e\u5165\uff08\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\uff09\u2192 \u73fe\u72b6\u5206\u6790\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u63d0\u793a\uff09\u2192 \u65b0\u6280\u8853\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\uff08\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\uff09\u2192 \u5c06\u6765\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u3068\u8ab2\u984c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u8aac\u306e\u69cb\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u983b\u51fa\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u82f1\u8a9e\u30ea\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u50be\u5411<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff11\uff1a\u5b9f\u9a13\u30fb\u8abf\u67fb\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u7167\u5408\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u3084\u4ecb\u5165\u63aa\u7f6e\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u3092\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7fa4\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u304b\u3089\u6570\u5024\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u3089\u305b\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u5909\u5316\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff12\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u3078\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u914d\u7f6e\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8a72\u5f53\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u304c\u554f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff13\uff1a\u65b0\u898f\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u3078\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u6f14\u7e79\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7d42\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3068\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6cd5\u5247\u6027\u3092\u3001\u672a\u8a00\u53ca\u306e\u67b6\u7a7a\u306e\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u3084\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5dee\u304c\u3064\u304f\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff11\uff1a\u8ef8\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u898b\u304b\u3051\u306e\u6570\u5024\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u56de\u907f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u3084\u5358\u4f4d\uff08\u5272\u5408\u304b\u5b9f\u6570\u304b\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u6570\u5b57\u3068\u540c\u3058\u6570\u5b57\u304c\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3067\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u5931\u70b9\u3092\u9632\u304e\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u63db\u7b97\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u884c\u3048\u308b\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff12\uff1a\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5cfb\u5225<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u300d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u898b\u304b\u3051\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u8abf\u3092\u6c72\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u3092\u65ad\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff13\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u968e\u5c64\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5927\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u7d30\u90e8\u306e\u6570\u5024\u3092\u5165\u308c\u305a\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u3092\u5165\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8996\u899a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u7c92\u5ea6\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u898b\u6975\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6f14\u7fd2\u554f\u984c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u554f\u984c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a66\u9a13\u6642\u9593\uff1a15\u5206 \/ \u6e80\u70b9\uff1a100\u70b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b21\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4e0b\u306e\u554f\u3044\uff08\u554f\uff11\u301c\uff14\uff09\u306e [ 1 ] \u301c [ 4 ] \u306b\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5f53\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u4e0b\u306e \u2460\u301c\u2463 \u306e\u3046\u3061\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u305a\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002\uff08\u914d\u70b9 \u540425\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Urban Microclimate Dilemma: Pavement, Vegetation, and Heat Storage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rapid global urbanization has transformed natural terrains into vast expanses of impervious surfaces. Asphalt roads, concrete pavements, and dense architectural structures absorb immense quantities of solar radiation during daytime hours and re-radiate this thermal energy at night. This phenomenon, known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, causes metropolitan centers to experience temperatures significantly higher than their surrounding rural peripheries. Rising urban heat not only compromises human comfort but also accelerates ground-level ozone formation and dramatically drives up municipal energy consumption for air conditioning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To counteract these escalating thermal burdens, urban planners have increasingly experimented with &#8220;cool pavements,&#8221; which utilize highly reflective coatings to reflect incoming solar radiation rather than absorbing it. Traditional dark asphalt typically possesses a solar reflectance (or albedo) of roughly 0.10, meaning that it absorbs 90% of incident sunlight. In contrast, newly formulated high-albedo coatings can elevate this reflectance to 0.40 or higher, theoretically preventing significant surface heat buildup. Figure 1 illustrates the comparative diurnal surface temperature profiles of three distinct ground surfaces monitored over a continuous 24-hour cycle in a controlled commercial district during mid-summer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#091;Figure 1: Diurnal Surface Temperature Profiles (July)]\nTemperature (\u00b0C)\n 60 |                     .---. (Traditional Asphalt)\n 50 |                    \/     \\\n 40 |            .---.  \/       \\  .---. (Cool Pavement)\n 30 |           \/     \\\/         \\\/     \\\n 20 |          \/                         \\\n 10 |_________\/___________________________\\____\n      00:00  04:00  08:00  12:00  16:00  20:00  24:00\n      Time of Day\n      --- Traditional Asphalt (Albedo: 0.10)\n      - - Cool Pavement (Albedo: 0.45)\n      ... Urban Lawn with Tree Canopy\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While Figure 1 demonstrates that cool pavements substantially suppress peak daytime surface temperatures compared to traditional asphalt, microclimatic reality is considerably more nuanced. When sunlight reflects off high-albedo pavements, that radiant energy does not simply vanish into space. Instead, a substantial portion of the reflected solar radiation impinges directly upon pedestrians and the vertical facades of adjacent buildings. A recent physiological study revealed that although the ground surface was measurably cooler, the &#8220;mean radiant temperature&#8221; experienced by individuals walking on cool pavements during midday actually increased by up to 4.5\u00b0C, resulting in heightened thermal discomfort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To explore more comprehensive solutions, researchers compiled comparative field data from various municipal interventions across four major metropolitan areas, as summarized in Table 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#091;Table 1: Evaluation of Municipal Thermal Mitigation Strategies]\n| Strategy | Avg. Surface Temp. Reduction | Pedestrian Comfort Index | Implementation Cost per km\u00b2 | Maintenance Requirements |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| High-Albedo Coating | -11.5\u00b0C | Worsened (-2.1) | $45,000 | High (recoating every 3 yrs) |\n| Permeable Pavement | -4.2\u00b0C | Slightly Improved (+0.8) | $120,000 | Moderate (annual sediment flush) |\n| Deciduous Tree Canopy | -8.7\u00b0C | Greatly Improved (+4.6) | $85,000 | Moderate (seasonal pruning) |\n| Extensive Green Roofs | -2.1\u00b0C (ambient) | Neutral (0.0) | $210,000 | High (irrigation and structural audit) |\n*Pedestrian Comfort Index is scored from -5.0 (severe thermal distress) to +5.0 (optimal thermal comfort).\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As indicated in Table 1, vegetative interventions such as deciduous tree canopies present an intriguing contrast to purely material modifications. Trees provide shade that intercepts sunlight before it strikes pavement surfaces, while simultaneously cooling the ambient air through evapotranspiration. Consequently, despite producing a somewhat smaller absolute reduction in pavement surface temperature than reflective coatings, tree canopies achieved the highest improvement in pedestrian comfort. However, urban trees require root space, irrigation, and years of growth before delivering full canopy benefits. Urban microclimate specialists therefore advocate for a hybrid approach: strategic reflective coatings in wide, open vehicular corridors where pedestrian density is minimal, combined with aggressive urban tree planting along dense pedestrian pathways and public plazas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Poster Framework: Evaluating Urban Heat Mitigation Strategies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+\n|  Mitigating Urban Heat: Balancing Surface and Human Thermal Dynamics  |\n+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+\n| 1. The Core Challenge:                                                |\n|   * Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect elevates metropolitan temperatures. |\n|   * Artificial surfaces store daytime solar radiation and re-emit it. |\n|   * Consequences: higher energy demand and increased health risks.    |\n|                                                                       |\n| 2. Analysis of Reflective Pavements (Figure 1):                       |\n|   * Traditional asphalt exhibits low albedo and extreme heat buildup. |\n|   * High-albedo coatings achieve &#091;  1  ].                             |\n|   * The Paradox: Reflected radiation elevates pedestrian radiant heat.|\n|                                                                       |\n| 3. Comparison of Mitigation Strategies (Table 1):                     |\n|   * High-Albedo Coatings: high surface cooling but poor human comfort.|\n|   * Tree Canopies: &#091;  2  ].                                           |\n|   * Permeable Pavements: modest cooling with high installation costs. |\n|                                                                       |\n| 4. Recommendations for Municipal Planning:                            |\n|   * &#091;  3  ] rather than relying exclusively on a single technology.   |\n|   * Reserve reflective surfaces for wide vehicular roads.             |\n|   * Maximize tree canopies in pedestrian-heavy zones.                 |\n|                                                                       |\n| 5. Future Scenario Application:                                       |\n|   * If a city has a limited budget and aims to maximize immediate     |\n|     pedestrian comfort in a crowded shopping district, it should &#091; 4 ].|\n+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff11\u554f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240 [ 1 ] \u306b\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5f53\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e \u2460\u301c\u2463 \u306e\u3046\u3061\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 maximum cooling during late night hours while remaining hot throughout the midday<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 substantial suppression of midday surface heat by reflecting incoming sunlight<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 consistent temperature stabilization that outperforms vegetative canopy all day<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463 lower surface temperatures at midnight compared to urban lawns and trees<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff12\u554f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240 [ 2 ] \u306b\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5f53\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e \u2460\u301c\u2463 \u306e\u3046\u3061\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 lowest maintenance costs despite delivering negligible surface temperature reductions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 superior pedestrian comfort gains through shade and natural cooling despite lower surface drop than coatings<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 immediate cooling effects that require no ongoing irrigation or infrastructural investments<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463 complete elimination of reflected radiation with the highest implementation expense per square kilometer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff13\u554f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240 [ 3 ] \u306b\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5f53\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e \u2460\u301c\u2463 \u306e\u3046\u3061\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 Replace all urban pavements with high-albedo coatings to standardize maintenance protocols<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 Prioritize green roofs across commercial sectors due to their superior pedestrian comfort ratings<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 Adopt a context-sensitive hybrid model that pairs reflective materials with vegetation based on human presence<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463 Ban reflective coatings entirely because of their adverse effects on building facades<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff14\u554f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7a7a\u6240 [ 4 ] \u306b\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5f53\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e \u2460\u301c\u2463 \u306e\u3046\u3061\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 invest primarily in extensive green roofs to cool the ambient shopping air<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 repave the entire pedestrian area with permeable pavement to minimize annual maintenance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 plant mature deciduous trees along walkways despite the initial capital requirements<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463 install high-albedo reflective coatings immediately to cut surface heat at the lowest implementation cost<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff11\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1aFigure 1\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff12\u30fb\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u9ad8\u53cd\u5c04\u6027\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u8217\u88c5\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3059\u308b\u6e29\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606 \u6a19\u6e96<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a2\u520630\u79d2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7b2c\uff12\u533a\u753b\u300cAnalysis of Reflective Pavements\u300d\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u8217\u88c5\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u7a7a\u6240 [ 1 ] \u306f\u9ad8\u53cd\u5c04\u6027\u8217\u88c5\u306e\u9054\u6210\u4e8b\u9805\uff08achieve [ 1 ]\uff09\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306e &#8220;preventing significant surface heat buildup&#8221; \u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u5192\u982d\u306e &#8220;cool pavements substantially suppress peak daytime surface temperatures compared to traditional asphalt&#8221; \u3092\u63a2\u7d22\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Figure 1 \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u663c12:00\u301c14:00\u306e\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u6642\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001Traditional Asphalt\uff08\u5b9f\u7dda\uff09\u304c\u7d0458\u00b0C\u306b\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001Cool Pavement\uff08\u7834\u7dda\uff09\u306f\u7d0442\u00b0C\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u3001\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u6642\u306e\u5927\u5e45\u306a\u6291\u5236\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2460\u300c\u6df1\u591c\u306b\u6700\u5927\u306e\u51b7\u5374\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3001\u65e5\u4e2d\u306f\u71b1\u3044\u307e\u307e\u300d\uff1aFigure 1 \u3067\u306f\u6df1\u591c\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u5dee\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2461\u300c\u5165\u5c04\u65e5\u5149\u3092\u53cd\u5c04\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u663c\u306e\u5730\u8868\u71b1\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u6291\u5236\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;suppress peak daytime surface temperatures&#8221; \u304a\u3088\u3073 &#8220;reflecting incoming solar radiation&#8221; \u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2462\u300c\u7d42\u65e5\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308a\u6a39\u6728\u30ad\u30e3\u30ce\u30d4\u30fc\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u308b\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u300d\uff1aFigure 1 \u3067\u6a39\u6728\u30ad\u30e3\u30ce\u30d4\u30fc\uff08\u70b9\u7dda\uff09\u306f\u65e5\u4e2d\u3055\u3089\u306b\u4f4e\u3044\u6e29\u5ea6\u3092\u4fdd\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2463\u300c\u829d\u751f\u3084\u6a39\u6728\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u6df1\u591c\u306e\u5730\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u300d\uff1a\u6df1\u591c\u306f\uff13\u8005\u3068\u3082\u307b\u307c\u540c\u7b49\uff08\u7d0422\u00b0C\u301c24\u00b0C\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6392\u9664\u3002\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9\u2192 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \u2461 \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[ 1 ]\uff1a\u2461<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\u306e &#8220;cool pavements substantially suppress peak daytime surface temperatures&#8221; \u3092 &#8220;substantial suppression of midday surface heat&#8221; \u3078\u3068\u54c1\u8a5e\u8ee2\u63db\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e suppress \u2192 \u540d\u8a5e suppression, peak daytime \u2192 midday\uff09\u3057\u305f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u2460\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3001\u2462\u306f\u51e1\u4f8b\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u3001\u2463\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6df1\u591c\u5e2f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u72b6\uff08\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u6642\u306e\u843d\u5dee\uff09\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u672c\u8a66\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65b0\u7d20\u6750\u30fb\u65b0\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f03\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M09]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u672c\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u5024\u306e\u6291\u5236\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u672c\u6587\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u306e\u7167\u5408\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff12\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1aTable 1\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6a39\u6728\u30ad\u30e3\u30ce\u30d4\u30fc\u304c\u6301\u3064\u591a\u9762\u7684\u306a\u5229\u70b9\u3068\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606 \u767a\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a3\u520600\u79d2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u7b2c\uff13\u533a\u753b\u300cComparison of Mitigation Strategies\u300d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6a39\u6728\u30ad\u30e3\u30ce\u30d4\u30fc\uff08Tree Canopies\uff09\u306e\u884c\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Table 1 \u306e\u300cDeciduous Tree Canopy\u300d\u306e\u884c\uff08\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff1a-8.7\u00b0C\u3001\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u6307\u6570\uff1a+4.6\u3001\u8a2d\u7f6e\u8cbb\u7528\uff1a$85,000\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u7ba1\u7406\uff1aModerate\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002&#8221;Consequently, despite producing a somewhat smaller absolute reduction in pavement surface temperature than reflective coatings, tree canopies achieved the highest improvement in pedestrian comfort.&#8221;\uff08\u53cd\u5c04\u6027\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u4f4e\u4e0b\u5e45\u306f\u3084\u3084\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u6a39\u6728\u30ad\u30e3\u30ce\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u5927\u306e\u6539\u5584\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Table 1 \u306e\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u6307\u6570\uff08Pedestrian Comfort Index\uff09\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u3001Tree Canopy \u306f\u300c+4.6\u300d\u3067\u5168\u6226\u7565\u4e2d\u6700\u4e0a\u4f4d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u300c-11.5\u00b0C\u300d\u306e\u8868\u9762\u51b7\u5374\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306f\u300c-2.1\uff08\u60aa\u5316\uff09\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2460\u300c\u5730\u8868\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e0b\u304c\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u6700\u3082\u5b89\u3044\u300d\uff1a\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u900f\u6c34\u6027\u8217\u88c5\u3088\u308a\u306f\u5b89\u3044\u304c\u6700\u5b89\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff08-8.7\u00b0C\uff09\u3082\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08negligible\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2461\u300c\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3088\u308a\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e0b\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u65e5\u9670\u3068\u81ea\u7136\u51b7\u5374\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u512a\u308c\u305f\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u300d\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;despite producing a somewhat smaller absolute reduction&#8230; achieved the highest improvement in pedestrian comfort&#8221; \u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2462\u300c\u6563\u6c34\u3084\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u6295\u8cc7\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u305b\u305a\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u51b7\u5374\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u672b\u5c3e\u3067 &#8220;require root space, irrigation, and years of growth&#8221; \u3068\u660e\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2463\u300c1\u5e73\u65b9\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u304f\u3001\u53cd\u5c04\u653e\u5c04\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8\u8cbb\u7528\u306f Green Roofs\uff08$210,000\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u6392\u9664\u3002\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9\u2192 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \u2461 \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[ 2 ]\uff1a\u2461<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1aTable 1 \u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u3068\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306e\u30ae\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u3068\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u9020\uff08despite&#8230; achieved&#8230;\uff09\u3092\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306b\u6349\u3048\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u2460\u306f\u6570\u5024\u898f\u6a21\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3001\u2462\u306f\u672c\u6587\u306e\u7559\u4fdd\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u6210\u9577\u306b\u5e74\u6708\u3092\u8981\u3057\u6563\u6c34\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\uff09\u306e\u7121\u8996\u3001\u2463\u306f\u8868\u306e\u6570\u5024\uff08\u8cbb\u7528\u9806\u4f4d\uff09\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u8868\u306e\u8907\u6570\u6307\u6a19\u9593\u3067\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u30aa\u30d5\uff08\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u512a\u308c\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u52a3\u308b\uff09\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8aad\u89e3\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff14\u554f\u30fb\u7b2c\uff16\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8907\u6570\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u5229\u5bb3\u5f97\u5931\u6bd4\u8f03\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 Table 1 \u306e\u8907\u6570\u6307\u6a19\uff08\u8cbb\u7528\u30fb\u52b9\u679c\u30fb\u5feb\u9069\u6027\uff09\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7d71\u5408\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff13\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u6587\u306b\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\uff08Hybrid approach\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\u67a0\uff08Recommendations\uff09\u3078\u9069\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u2605\u2605\u2606\u2606\u2606 \u6a19\u6e96<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a2\u520600\u79d2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7b2c\uff14\u533a\u753b\u300cRecommendations for Municipal Planning\u300d\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u91dd\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u7a7a\u6240 [ 3 ] \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b &#8220;rather than relying exclusively on a single technology&#8221;\uff08\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6280\u8853\u306b\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\uff09\u3068\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u5168\u4f53\u65b9\u91dd\u3092\u672c\u6587\u672b\u5c3e\u304b\u3089\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u672c\u6587\u6700\u7d42\u6587\u3092\u7cbe\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002&#8221;Urban microclimate specialists therefore advocate for a hybrid approach: strategic reflective coatings in wide, open vehicular corridors where pedestrian density is minimal, combined with aggressive urban tree planting along dense pedestrian pathways and public plazas.&#8221;\uff08\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u90fd\u5e02\u5fae\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u306f\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u30fb\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u63d0\u5531\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff1a\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306e\u6975\u3081\u3066\u4f4e\u3044\u5e45\u5e83\u306e\u8eca\u4e21\u7528\u901a\u8def\u306b\u306f\u6226\u7565\u7684\u306a\u53cd\u5c04\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u3001\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u304c\u5bc6\u96c6\u3059\u308b\u6b69\u9053\u3084\u5e83\u5834\u306b\u306f\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u8857\u8def\u6a39\u690d\u6a39\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2460\u300c\u7dad\u6301\u7ba1\u7406\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u90fd\u5e02\u8217\u88c5\u3092\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u300d\uff1a\u5358\u4e00\u6280\u8853\u3078\u306e\u5168\u9762\u4f9d\u5b58\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001&#8221;hybrid approach&#8221; \u304a\u3088\u3073 &#8220;rather than relying exclusively on a single technology&#8221; \u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2461\u300c\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5546\u696d\u533a\u753b\u5168\u57df\u3067\u5c4b\u4e0a\u7dd1\u5316\u3092\u512a\u5148\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff1aTable 1 \u3067\u5c4b\u4e0a\u7dd1\u5316\u306e\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306f 0.0\uff08\u4e2d\u7acb\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2462\u300c\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u53cd\u5c04\u7d20\u6750\u3068\u690d\u751f\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3001\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u306e &#8220;advocate for a hybrid approach: strategic reflective coatings&#8230; combined with aggressive urban tree planting&#8221; \u306e\u898b\u4e8b\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u30fb\u8981\u7d04\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2463\u300c\u5efa\u7269\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30b5\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u60aa\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53cd\u5c04\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u5168\u9762\u7684\u306b\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u300d\uff1a\u5168\u9762\u7981\u6b62\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u9069\u6750\u9069\u6240\u306e\u4f75\u7528\u3092\u63d0\u5531\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3002\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9\u2192 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \u2462 \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[ 3 ]\uff1a\u2462<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\uff08:\uff09\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5206\u62c5\uff08\u8eca\u9053\uff1d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3001\u6b69\u9053\uff1d\u6a39\u6728\uff09\u3092\u3001&#8221;pairs reflective materials with vegetation based on human presence&#8221;\uff08\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u53cd\u5c04\u7d20\u6750\u3068\u690d\u751f\u3092\u5bfe\u306b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u529b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u2460\u3068\u2463\u306f\u4e21\u6975\u7aef\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u2461\u306f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u8aa4\u8aad\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8aa4\u7b54\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3067\u300c\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u6b62\u63da\u30fb\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u306a\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u300d\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u672c\u8a66\u7b2c\uff16\u554fA\u30fbB\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u63d0\u8a00\u628a\u63e1\u8a2d\u554f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M09]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\uff08\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\uff09\u3092\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff14\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u30fb\u56f3\u8868\u3067\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u4e88\u7b97\u5236\u9650\u3001\u5373\u6642\u6027\u3001\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u3001\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u96c6\u5730\uff09\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u898f\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6700\u9069\u306a\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2605\u2606 \u96e3\u95a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a3\u520630\u79d2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7b2c\uff15\u533a\u753b\u300cFuture Scenario Application\u300d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u67b6\u7a7a\u306e\u90fd\u5e02\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9078\u629e\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u5206\u89e3\u3059\u308b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6761\u4ef6A: &#8220;limited budget&#8221;\uff08\u9650\u3089\u308c\u305f\u4e88\u7b97 \u2192 \u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u9ad8\u3059\u304e\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u6392\u9664\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6761\u4ef6B: &#8220;maximize immediate pedestrian comfort&#8221;\uff08\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6761\u4ef6C: &#8220;in a crowded shopping district&#8221;\uff08\u6df7\u96d1\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u8857 \u2192 \u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u5ea6\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u3044\u30a8\u30ea\u30a2\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6761\u4ef6C\uff08\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u96c6\u5730\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u539f\u5247\uff08\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u96c6\u5730\u3067\u306f\u53cd\u5c04\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u8f3b\u5c04\u71b1\u3092\u5897\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u3066\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u3092\u60aa\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u907f\u3051\u308b\u3079\u304d\uff09\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u53cd\u5c04\u30b3\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\uff08High-Albedo Coating\uff09\u306f\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u3092\u300c-2.1\u300d\u60aa\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2 \u2463 \u306f\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u8131\u843d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6761\u4ef6A\uff08\u4e88\u7b97\u5236\u9650\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002Table 1 \u3088\u308a\u3001\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Green Roofs: $210,000\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\u984d\u30fb\u975e\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\uff09\u2192 \u2460 \u3092\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Permeable Pavement: $120,000\uff08\u9ad8\u984d\uff09\u304b\u3064\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306f +0.8\uff08\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u6539\u5584\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\uff09\u2192 \u2461 \u3092\u4fdd\u7559\u30fb\u691c\u8a0e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deciduous Tree: $85,000\uff08\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff09\u304b\u3064\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u306f +4.6\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6761\u4ef6B\uff08\u5373\u6642\u6027\uff1aimmediate\uff09\u3068\u6a39\u6728\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d\u306b &#8220;urban trees require&#8230; years of growth before delivering full canopy benefits&#8221;\uff08\u5341\u5206\u306a\u30ad\u30e3\u30ce\u30d4\u30fc\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u307e\u3067\u306b\u4f55\u5e74\u3082\u306e\u6210\u9577\u3092\u8981\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9078\u629e\u80a2 \u2462 \u3092\u7cbe\u8aad\u3059\u308b\uff1a&#8221;plant mature deciduous trees along walkways despite the initial capital requirements&#8221;\uff08\u521d\u671f\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u304b\u304b\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u6b69\u9053\u6cbf\u3044\u306b\u6210\u6728\uff3b\u3059\u3067\u306b\u6210\u9577\u3057\u305f\u843d\u8449\u6a39\uff3d\u3092\u690d\u6a39\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3002\u300c\u6210\u6728\uff08mature trees\uff09\u300d\u3092\u690d\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6210\u9577\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u5e74\u6570\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f31\u70b9\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3057\u3001\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u6728\u9670\uff08\u5feb\u9069\u6027 +4.6\uff09\u3092\u4eab\u53d7\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9078\u629e\u80a2 \u2461 \u3092\u518d\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\uff1a\u900f\u6c34\u6027\u8217\u88c5\uff08Permeable Pavement\uff09\u306f\u8cbb\u7528\u304c $120,000 \u3068\u6210\u6728\uff08$85,000\uff09\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u304f\u3001\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u6539\u5584\u3082 +0.8 \u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u6700\u5927\u5316\u306e\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f \u2462 \u304c\u6700\u3082\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9\u2192 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \u2462 \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[ 4 ]\uff1a\u2462<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u6a39\u6728\u306e\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u5f31\u70b9\u300c\u6210\u9577\u306b\u5e74\u6708\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u300d\u3092\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c &#8220;mature deciduous trees\uff08\u6210\u9577\u3057\u305f\u843d\u8449\u6a39\uff09&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u514b\u670d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u2460\u306f\u4e88\u7b97\u8d85\u904e\u304b\u3064\u52b9\u679c\u4e0d\u9069\u3001\u2461\u306f\u8cbb\u7528\u5bfe\u52b9\u679c\uff08\u5feb\u9069\u6027\u308f\u305a\u304b+0.8\uff09\u306e\u9762\u3067\u52a3\u308a\u3001\u2463\u306f\u6b69\u884c\u8005\u5bc6\u96c6\u5730\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8f3b\u5c04\u71b1\u60aa\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u77e5\u898b\u3068\u771f\u3063\u5411\u304b\u3089\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u8cbb\u7528\u30fb\u6642\u9593\u30fb\u52b9\u679c\uff09\u3092\u639b\u3051\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u6700\u9069\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u7b2c\uff14\u554f\u30fb\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u30b7\u30ca\u30ea\u30aa\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u672c\u8a66\u306e\u300c\u9650\u3089\u308c\u305f\u4e88\u7b97\u3067\u3069\u306e\u6a5f\u6750\uff0f\u30d7\u30e9\u30f3\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3079\u304d\u304b\u300d\u3092\u554f\u3046\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u6700\u9069\u5316\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8907\u6570\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u4e88\u7b97\u30fb\u5373\u6642\u6027\u30fb\u52b9\u679c\uff09\u3092\u30de\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u6700\u9069\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b66\u7fd2\u8a55\u4fa1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u69cb\u6210<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u914d\u70b9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u5927\u554f<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u6a19\u6e96<\/td><td>50\u70b9<\/td><td>\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u554f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u767a\u5c55<\/td><td>25\u70b9<\/td><td>\u7b2c\uff12\u554f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u96e3\u95a2<\/td><td>25\u70b9<\/td><td>\u7b2c\uff14\u554f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u6d3b\u7528<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u5f97\u70b9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u5224\u5b9a<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u63a8\u5968\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>80\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/td><td>A<\/td><td>\u904e\u53bb\u554f\u6f14\u7fd2\u3078\u79fb\u884c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>65-79\u70b9<\/td><td>B<\/td><td>\u8aa4\u7b54\u3057\u305f\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u5fa9\u7fd2\u3057\u3001\u56f3\u8868\u7167\u5408\u306e\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>50-64\u70b9<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>\u904b\u7528\u5c64\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u518d\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u518d\u6f14\u7fd2\u3059\u308b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>50\u70b9\u672a\u6e80<\/td><td>D<\/td><td>\u8a72\u5f53\u8b1b\u7fa9\u3092\u5fa9\u7fd2\u5f8c\u306b\u518d\u6311\u6226<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M08]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9577\u6587\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u8981\u7d04\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306e\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6f14\u7fd2\u3067\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u306e\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u691c\u8a3c\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u6392\u9664\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u56f3\u8868\u30fb\u8907\u6570\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u7d71\u8a08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u691c\u8a3c\u624b\u9806\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff16\u554fB\u306b\u7279\u5316\u3057\u3001\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u8907\u6570\u56f3\u8868\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u309215\u5206\u4ee5\u5185\u3067\u7167\u5408\u30fb\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u60c5\u5831\u4e88\u6e2c\u304b\u3089\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u554f\u984c\u306e\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u307e\u3067\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u3057\u3001\u6e80\u70b9\u7372\u5f97\u3078\u306e\u5b9f\u6226\u529b\u3092\u990a\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23,191],"tags":[621],"class_list":["post-28805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dnc","category-dnc-english","tag-optimized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.2\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ja_JP\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Admy Study for &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13&quot; -\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7 _ \u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2013 \u82f1\u8a9e - Admy Study for &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13&quot;\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-20T14:49:31+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-20T14:50:08+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7 _ \u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2013 \u82f1\u8a9e - Admy Study for &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13&quot;\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/ad_tag\\\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\\\/#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\\u5bb6\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u653b\\u7565\\u8b1b\\u5ea7\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\\u653b\\u7565\\u8b1b\\u5ea7\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u5171\\u901a\\u30c6\\u30b9\\u30c8\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u5bb6\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"\\u5171\\u901a\\u30c6\\u30b9\\u30c8\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/dnc-english\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u82f1\\u8a9e\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u653b\\u7565\\u8b1b\\u5ea7\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/dnc-english\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"\\u82f1\\u8a9e\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/dnc-english\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/common-test_english_m09\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u3010\\u5171\\u901a\\u30c6\\u30b9\\u30c8  \\u82f1\\u8a9e\\u3011Module 09\\uff1a\\u8aac\\u660e\\u6587\\u306e\\u56f3\\u8868\\u7d71\\u5408\\u3068\\u30dd\\u30b9\\u30bf\\u30fc\\u5b8c\\u6210\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u5171\\u901a\\u30c6\\u30b9\\u30c8\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/common-test_english_m09\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"\\u3010\\u5171\\u901a\\u30c6\\u30b9\\u30c8  \\u82f1\\u8a9e\\u3011Module 09\\uff1a\\u8aac\\u660e\\u6587\\u306e\\u56f3\\u8868\\u7d71\\u5408\\u3068\\u30dd\\u30b9\\u30bf\\u30fc\\u5b8c\\u6210\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/category\\\/strategy\\\/dnc\\\/dnc-english\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u82f1\\u8a9e\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Admy Study for \\\"\\u5927\\u5b66\\u53d7\\u9a13\\\"\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/ad_tag\\\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\\\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/ad_tag\\\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\\\/\",\"name\":\"\\u653b\\u7565\\u8b1b\\u5ea7 _ \\u5171\\u901a\\u30c6\\u30b9\\u30c8 \\u2013 \\u82f1\\u8a9e - Admy Study for \\\"\\u5927\\u5b66\\u53d7\\u9a13\\\"\",\"inLanguage\":\"ja\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/ad_tag\\\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\\\/#breadcrumblist\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-20T23:49:31+09:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-20T23:50:08+09:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/\",\"name\":\"Admy Study for \\\"\\u5927\\u5b66\\u53d7\\u9a13\\\"\",\"inLanguage\":\"ja\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/study.admy.jp\\\/undergrad.exam\\\/#organization\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7 _ \u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2013 \u82f1\u8a9e - Admy Study for \"\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13\"","description":"","canonical_url":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/","robots":"","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/#listItem","position":1,"name":"\u5bb6","item":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/#listItem","name":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7","item":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/#listItem","name":"\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/#listItem","name":"\u5bb6"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/#listItem","position":3,"name":"\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8","item":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/dnc-english\/#listItem","name":"\u82f1\u8a9e"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/#listItem","name":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/dnc-english\/#listItem","position":4,"name":"\u82f1\u8a9e","item":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/dnc-english\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/strategy\/dnc\/common-test_english_m09\/#listItem","name":"\u3010\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8  \u82f1\u8a9e\u3011Module 09\uff1a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/#listItem","name":"\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/strategy\/dnc\/common-test_english_m09\/#listItem","position":5,"name":"\u3010\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8  \u82f1\u8a9e\u3011Module 09\uff1a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/dnc-english\/#listItem","name":"\u82f1\u8a9e"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/#organization","name":"Admy Study for \"\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13\"","url":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/","name":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7 _ \u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2013 \u82f1\u8a9e - Admy Study for \"\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13\"","inLanguage":"ja","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/#breadcrumblist"},"datePublished":"2026-09-20T23:49:31+09:00","dateModified":"2026-09-20T23:50:08+09:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/#website","url":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/","name":"Admy Study for \"\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13\"","inLanguage":"ja","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"ja_JP","og:site_name":"Admy Study for &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13&quot; -","og:type":"article","og:title":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7 _ \u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2013 \u82f1\u8a9e - Admy Study for &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13&quot;","og:url":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/ad_tag\/%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5%e8%ac%9b%e5%ba%a7-_-%e5%85%b1%e9%80%9a%e3%83%86%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88-%e8%8b%b1%e8%aa%9e\/","article:published_time":"2026-09-20T14:49:31+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-09-20T14:50:08+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7 _ \u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2013 \u82f1\u8a9e - Admy Study for &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u53d7\u9a13&quot;"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"28805","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"BlogPosting","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":{"faqs":[],"keyPoints":[],"schemas":[],"titles":[],"descriptions":[],"socialPosts":{"email":{"subject":"","preview":"","content":""},"linkedin":[],"twitter":[],"facebook":[],"instagram":[]}},"created":"2026-09-20 03:52:40","updated":"2026-09-20 19:55:06","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/\" title=\"\u5bb6\">\u5bb6<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/\" title=\"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7\">\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/\" title=\"\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\">\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/dnc-english\/\" title=\"\u82f1\u8a9e\">\u82f1\u8a9e<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">\u00bb<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t\u3010\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8  \u82f1\u8a9e\u3011Module 09\uff1a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"\u5bb6","link":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/"},{"label":"\u653b\u7565\u8b1b\u5ea7","link":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/"},{"label":"\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8","link":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/"},{"label":"\u82f1\u8a9e","link":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/category\/strategy\/dnc\/dnc-english\/"},{"label":"\u3010\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8  \u82f1\u8a9e\u3011Module 09\uff1a\u8aac\u660e\u6587\u306e\u56f3\u8868\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u30dd\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u5b8c\u6210","link":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/strategy\/dnc\/common-test_english_m09\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28805"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28805\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28861,"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28805\/revisions\/28861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/study.admy.jp\/undergrad.exam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}