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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u610f\u5473\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u8907\u6570\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u591a\u7fa9\u306e\u7f85\u5217\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e2d\u6838\u3068\u306a\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u62e1\u5f35\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u305f\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u9759\u7684\u306a\u8a33\u8a9e\u6697\u8a18\u3092\u8131\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304b\u3089\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u306a\u6d3e\u751f\u7fa9\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8ff0\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u9805\u306e\u6570\u3068\u6027\u8cea\uff08\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\uff09\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3068\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306b\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u7db4\u308a\u3092\u6301\u3064\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u578b\u304b\u7b2c\uff13\u6587\u578b\u304b\u7b2c\uff15\u6587\u578b\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u969b\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u9759\u614b\u7fa9\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3068\u6587\u8108\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3084\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u969b\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u8a18\u61b6\u306b\u3042\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6587\u306b\u6d41\u3057\u8fbc\u3080\u8aad\u307f\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u59a8\u3052\u308b\u3002\u8f9e\u66f8\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9759\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3068\u3001\u751f\u304d\u305f\u6587\u8108\u306e\u306a\u304b\u3067\u7acb\u3061\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3078\u306e\u56fa\u57f7\u304c\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u7834\u7dbb\u306e\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u8a9e\u3092\u5305\u6442\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u89b3\u5bdf\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u56fa\u57f7\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u8aad\u89e3\u7834\u7dbb\u3068\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u7fd2\u5f97\u306f\u300c\u82f1\u5358\u8a9e\u3068\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u5b9a\u8a33\u3092\u4e00\u5bfe\u4e00\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3055\u305b\u3066\u8a18\u61b6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u306e\u9759\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u89b3\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u614b\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u62db\u304f\u3002\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u306b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u9759\u614b\u7fa9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6027\u3068\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e00\u610f\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u3084\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6587\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3068\u9805\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u304c\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u983b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u610f\u5473\u306e\u518d\u751f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u8acb\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3078\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u9069\u5fdc\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u6587\u578b\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u5f62\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306b\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u524d\u306b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u9055\u53cd\u3084\u6587\u8108\u306e\u65ad\u7d76\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u8108\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7d20\u6027\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u8a55\u4fa1\u304b\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u8a55\u4fa1\u304b\u3001\u9759\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304b\u52d5\u7684\u5909\u5316\u304b\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5b9f\u4f53\u304b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\uff09\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d20\u6027\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The Supreme Court&#8217;s ruling will effectively check the executive branch&#8217;s unilateral expansion of administrative authority.&#8221; \u3053\u3053\u3067\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e check \u3092\u300c\u691c\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6587\u8108\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e check \u304c the expansion\uff08\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u62e1\u5927\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u52d5\u614b\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u4f38\u9577\u3092\u963b\u6b62\u30fb\u6291\u5236\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;His long-standing dedication to empirical research lends credibility to his otherwise contentious assertions.&#8221; \u52d5\u8a5e lend \u3092\u300c\u91d1\u3092\u8cb8\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u53d6\u5f15\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3067\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u610f\u5473\u304c\u901a\u3058\u306a\u3044\u3002lend A B \u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 A \u306b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u540d\u8a5e\u3001B \u306b credibility\uff08\u4fe1\u7528\u6027\uff09\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u30fb\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The local government attempted to address the housing crisis by offering tax incentives to private developers, but the policy barely moved the needle.&#8221; moved the needle \u3092\u300c\u91dd\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8a08\u5668\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u904a\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3002\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u3068\u9006\u63a5 but \u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u76ee\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u5909\u5316\u3084\u6e2c\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9032\u5c55\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u4fa1\u5024\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The legal scholar argued that the ambiguous constitutional clause had compromised the integrity of the judicial process.&#8221; compromised \u3092\u300c\u59a5\u5354\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80fd\u52d5\u7684\u5408\u610f\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3001\u88c1\u5224\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u3068\u59a5\u5354\u3057\u305f\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 compromise \u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b the integrity\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u30fb\u9ad8\u6f54\u3055\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fa1\u5024\u3042\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u3092\u50b7\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3001\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3078\u3068\u610f\u5473\u304c\u63a8\u79fb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u56fa\u57f7\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u306e\u9069\u5408\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9069\u683c\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u9759\u614b\u7fa9\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u8acb\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u8131\u6587\u8108\u5316\u306e\u5f0a\u5bb3\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u89b3\u5bdf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u6587\u304b\u3089\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u61b6\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u8131\u6587\u8108\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3001\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u591a\u9762\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u5408\u529b\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u305d\u308c\u5358\u4f53\u3067\u610f\u5473\u3092\u767a\u4fe1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\uff08contextual constraints\uff09\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u5bfe\u8a71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5c64\u304c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u89b3\u5bdf\u3092\u6020\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u9818\u57df\u3084\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u6587\u5b57\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u306e\u771f\u610f\u3092\u63b4\u3080\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u306e\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5236\u7d04\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b\u8996\u5ea7\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u306b\u89b3\u5bdf\u3057\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30eb\uff08\u6cd5\u5b66\u8ad6\u8aac\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6279\u8a55\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306b\u60f3\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u5185\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3001\u540c\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u8a9e\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u5171\u8d77\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u306b\u8ab2\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u3092\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u6587\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u610f\u56f3\u306b\u6700\u3082\u8cc7\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u9670\u5f71\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u3076\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8a31\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5916\u5074\u304b\u3089\u56f2\u3044\u8fbc\u3080\u59ff\u52e2\u304c\u3001\u8131\u6587\u8108\u5316\u306e\u5f0a\u5bb3\u3092\u514b\u670d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The witness&#8217;s testimony was deemed material to the grand jury&#8217;s ongoing investigation into corporate corruption.&#8221; material \u3092\u300c\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6cd5\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u9038\u8131\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6cd5\u5b66\u306e\u8a00\u8aac\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b material \u306f\u3001\u88c1\u5224\u3084\u5be9\u7406\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u300c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;In biological evolution, nature does not work like an engineer who designs from scratch; rather, it acts as a tinkerer that modifies existing structures.&#8221; tinkerer \u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u300c\u4e0d\u5668\u7528\u306a\u4fee\u7406\u5c4b\u300d\u3068\u4fae\u8511\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u65e8\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002from scratch\uff08\u7121\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\uff09\u3068 modifies existing structures\uff08\u65e2\u5b58\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u6539\u5909\uff09\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3042\u308a\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306e\u7d20\u6750\u3092\u5de5\u592b\u3057\u3066\u9069\u5fdc\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5b58\u5728\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9032\u5316\u7684\u6587\u8108\u7fa9\u304c\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The philosopher sought to establish a secular basis for morality, independent of theological sanctions.&#8221; sanctions \u3092\u56fd\u969b\u653f\u6cbb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u5236\u88c1\u300d\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3067\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3068\u610f\u5473\u304c\u901a\u3058\u306a\u3044\u3002theological\uff08\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u5236\u7d04\u304b\u3089\u3001\u795e\u306e\u6a29\u5a01\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u30fb\u8a8d\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u300c\u662f\u8a8d\u30fb\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The sudden resignation of the foreign minister was interpreted as a calculated move to distance himself from the controversial military operation.&#8221; calculated \u3092\u300c\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9000\u5834\u3068\u8ecd\u4e8b\u884c\u52d5\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u7dbf\u5bc6\u306b\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u300c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306a\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u9ad8\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u305a\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u512a\u5148\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8a9e\u3092\u5305\u6442\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u610f\u5473\u3068\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u306e\u5206\u5c90<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u898b\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8907\u6570\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u610f\u5473\uff09\u304b\u3089\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u653e\u5c04\u72b6\u306b\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7121\u6570\u306e\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u6697\u8a18\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306f\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u5fdc\u7528\u529b\u3092\u596a\u3046\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3078\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u306e\u9053\u7b4b\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u6587\u8108\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u9078\u629e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u306e\u5206\u985e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u8f9e\u66f8\u306b\u4e26\u3076\uff11\u756a\u304b\u3089\uff11\uff10\u756a\u307e\u3067\u306e\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u899a\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u975e\u52b9\u7387\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3070\u304b\u308a\u304b\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u67d4\u8edf\u306a\u8aad\u89e3\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306f\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u306a\u540c\u97f3\u7570\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u96c6\u7a4d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7d4c\u9a13\u3084\u7a7a\u9593\u8a8d\u8b58\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\uff08\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\uff09\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\uff08\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8ee2\u7528\uff09\u3084\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\uff08\u96a3\u63a5\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ee2\u7528\uff09\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3078\u3068\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4f53\u7cfb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e run \u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u300c\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u304b\u3064\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u81ea\u5df1\u63a8\u9032\u904b\u52d5\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6839\u6e90\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u6db2\u4f53\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u300c\u6d41\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u300c\u7d4c\u904e\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u300c\u904b\u55b6\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3001\u7acb\u5019\u88dc\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308c\u3070\u300c\u51fa\u99ac\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3078\u3068\u5206\u5c90\u3059\u308b\u3002\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u7fd2\u5f97\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7121\u6570\u306e\u8a33\u8a9e\u306e\u6697\u8a18\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u9818\u57df\u3078\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u8fbf\u308a\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3092\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u6839\u5e95\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6700\u3082\u539f\u521d\u7684\u30fb\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u4f5c\u3084\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b69\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u9818\u57df\uff08domain\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5199\u50cf\u5148\u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u3069\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u4fdd\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3069\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u6368\u8c61\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The research consortium has run into insurmountable bureaucratic obstacles.&#8221; run \u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u4e8b\u696d\u306e\u9032\u884c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u9818\u57df\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u3001run into \u304c\u300c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u300d\u304b\u3089\u300c\u56f0\u96e3\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3078\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The constitutional challenge will run the gauntlet of the federal appellate courts.&#8221; \u53b3\u3057\u3044\u8a66\u7df4\u306e\u5217\u3092\u8d70\u308a\u629c\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ecd\u4e8b\u53f2\u7684\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u53f8\u6cd5\u5be9\u67fb\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u6295\u5f71\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5e7e\u91cd\u3082\u306e\u904e\u9177\u306a\u5be9\u67fb\u3084\u6279\u5224\u3092\u901a\u904e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6d3e\u751f\u7fa9\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The local newspaper ran a scathing editorial condemning municipal corruption.&#8221; \u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306b\u6d41\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u5370\u5237\u30fb\u51fa\u7248\u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8a18\u4e8b\u3084\u8ad6\u8aac\u3092\u300c\u63b2\u8f09\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306b\u5206\u5c90\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The contractual agreement runs for an initial term of three consecutive years.&#8221; runs \u3092\u300c\u8d70\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5951\u7d04\u304c\u8d70\u308b\u3068\u76f4\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6642\u9593\u9818\u57df\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u3042\u308b\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u52b9\u529b\u304c\u9014\u5207\u308c\u305a\u7d99\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u5c64\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u6587\u8108\u7684\u7167\u5fdc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3068\u5883\u754c\u753b\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u306e\u307f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u3069\u308c\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6700\u7d42\u5224\u65ad\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8ff7\u3044\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8ff7\u3044\u3092\u65ad\u3061\u5207\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7167\u5fdc\uff08contextual correspondence\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5883\u754c\u753b\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u306b\u8a8d\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u50cd\u304f\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e issue \u304c\u300c\u767a\u884c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u6d41\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u8ad6\u70b9\u3068\u306a\u308b\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3068\u304d\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c currency \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u767a\u884c\u3001passport \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u884c\u653f\u7684\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3001blood \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6d41\u51fa\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u306e\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u753b\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7bc4\u7587\u3068\u306e\u7167\u5408\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u753b\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u5468\u56f2\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u9805\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u7bc4\u7587\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6982\u5ff5\u7bc4\u7587\u3068\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u9069\u5408\u6027\uff08semantic compatibility\uff09\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u6587\u8108\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3068\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3092\u7d4c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u76f4\u611f\u306b\u983c\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5883\u754c\u753b\u5b9a\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The supreme court will issue a definitive ruling on the constitutionality of the surveillance program.&#8221; issue \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c a definitive ruling\uff08\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u516c\u7684\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u516c\u5e03\u30fb\u4e0b\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Thick black smoke was seen issuing from the upper windows of the industrial facility.&#8221; \u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c smoke \u3067\u3042\u308a\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e from \u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u6c17\u4f53\u3084\u6db2\u4f53\u304c\u5185\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5916\u90e8\u3078\u3068\u5674\u51fa\u30fb\u6d41\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The central question at issue in this philosophical dispute concerns the nature of human agency.&#8221; at issue \u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u540d\u8a5e question \u3068\u7167\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u3084\u4fc2\u4e89\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u70b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5468\u8fba\u7fa9\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The commercial bank issued five million shares to institutional investors to raise capital.&#8221; shares\uff08\u682a\u5f0f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91d1\u878d\u8cc7\u7523\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001to institutional investors \u304c\u53d7\u9818\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6587\u66f8\u306e\u516c\u5e03\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5e02\u5834\u3078\u306e\u65b0\u898f\u8cc7\u672c\u306e\u4f9b\u7d66\u30fb\u767a\u884c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91d1\u878d\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u3078\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u5c0e\u304b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u3001\u540c\u7cfb\u7d71\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u7fa9\u9593\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7167\u5fdc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6d3e\u751f\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u7cbe\u78ba\u306a\u610f\u5473\u5883\u754c\u306e\u753b\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u54c1\u8a5e\u30fb\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u6587\u6cd5\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u5360\u3081\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u578b\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u5f37\u529b\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u6587\u578b\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u7587\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u7bc0\u3084\u53e5\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u3088\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u6392\u9664\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u6587\u578b\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u7587\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u578b\uff08\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\uff09\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3068\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306f\u8868\u88cf\u4e00\u4f53\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u578b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u304b\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u6587\u578b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u304b\u3001\u7b2c\uff15\u6587\u578b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u7587\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u5206\u5c90\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e treat \u304c\u7b2c\uff13\u6587\u578b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300c\u301c\u3092\u6cbb\u7642\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u301c\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u300d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u304c\u3001treat A to B \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3092\u3068\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300cA \u306b B \u3092\u5962\u308b\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6388\u4e0e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3001treat A as B \u3068\u3044\u3046\u88dc\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u3068\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300cA \u3092 B \u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3078\u3068\u9077\u79fb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u578b\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8a66\u307f\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6700\u5927\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3092\u653e\u68c4\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u4ed6\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u578b\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u578b\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u500b\u6570\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u6e96\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u578b\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u540c\u5b9a\u3092\u6700\u521d\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5224\u660e\u3057\u305f\u6587\u578b\u69cb\u9020\uff08SVO, SVOO, SVOC \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u8981\u8acb\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u578b\uff08\u4e8c\u8005\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u79fb\u52d5\u3001\u6388\u4e0e\u3001\u4f7f\u5f79\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u5224\u65ad\uff09\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u578b\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u6839\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5408\u6210\u3057\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u578b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306e\u307f\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u7587\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The experienced diplomat managed to secure the release of the detained journalists.&#8221; secure \u304c\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e the release \u3092\u5f93\u3048\u308b\u7b2c\uff13\u6587\u578b\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3092\u5b89\u5168\u306b\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72b6\u614b\u5316\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u52aa\u529b\u306e\u672b\u306b\u76ee\u7684\u7269\u3092\u300c\u7372\u5f97\u30fb\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa9\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The unprecedented economic recession rendered the existing financial regulations completely obsolete.&#8221; render \u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e the regulations \u3068\u88dc\u8a9e obsolete\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u308b\u7b2c\uff15\u6587\u578b\uff08SVOC\uff09\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u301c\u3092\u7ffb\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u306f\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3001\u300cO \u3092 C \u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f7f\u5f79\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The local municipality failed to provide for the sudden influx of displaced persons.&#8221; provide \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u306a\u304f\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e for \u3092\u4f34\u3046\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306e\u89b3\u5bdf\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa9\u3092\u9000\u3051\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u5099\u3048\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u751f\u8a08\u3092\u6276\u990a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa9\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The university board appointed the distinguished neuroscientist whose groundbreaking research had drawn international acclaim.&#8221; appointed \u306e\u5f8c\u308d\u306b\u9577\u3044\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7b2c\uff15\u6587\u578b\u3068\u65e9\u5408\u70b9\u3057\u3066\u88dc\u8a9e\u3092\u63a2\u305d\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8aad\u89e3\u304c\u8ff7\u8d70\u3059\u308b\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u7b2c\uff13\u6587\u578b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u898b\u6975\u3081\u3001\u5f79\u8077\u3078\u306e\u4efb\u547d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5358\u306b\u4eba\u7269\u3092\u300c\u6307\u540d\u30fb\u9078\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b2c\uff13\u6587\u578b\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6587\u578b\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7bc4\u7587\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u7bc0\u30fb\u53e5\uff09\u3068\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u6392\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066 that \u7bc0\u3001wh-\u7bc0\u3001to \u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u306f\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u6307\u6a19\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e observe \u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u53d6\u308c\u3070\u300c\u301c\u3092\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u301c\uff08\u898f\u5247\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u9075\u5b88\u3059\u308b\u300d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u7af6\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001that \u7bc0\u3092\u88dc\u90e8\u306b\u3068\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300c\u301c\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3001\u6240\u898b\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8aac\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3078\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001see \u304c\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u53d6\u308c\u3070\u8996\u899a\u7684\u77e5\u899a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001see that \u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u300c\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u53d6\u308a\u8a08\u3089\u3046\u3001\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u301c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308b\u300d\u3078\u3068\u610f\u5473\u304c\u9077\u79fb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u610f\u5473\u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u306f\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u88dc\u90e8\u304c\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u5b9a\u5f62\u7bc0\uff08that \u7bc0\u3001wh-\u7bc0\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u975e\u5b9a\u5f62\u7bc0\uff08\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u306b\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u5f79\u5272\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u304b\u3001\u547d\u984c\u306e\u4f1d\u9054\u304b\u3001\u672a\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u304b\uff09\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002that \u7bc0\u306f\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u547d\u984c\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306f\u672a\u6765\u5fd7\u5411\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u88dc\u90e8\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3044\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u68c4\u5374\u3057\u3001\u6b8b\u4f59\u306e\u9069\u5408\u7fa9\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The senior research fellow observed that the statistical correlation did not necessarily imply a direct causal relationship.&#8221; observed \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b that \u7bc0\u304c\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u9075\u5b88\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u8996\u899a\u7684\u306b\u898b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u30fb\u89b3\u5bdf\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u300c\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3001\u8a00\u53ca\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8aac\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The municipal planning committee saw to it that the historical monuments were meticulously preserved during the redevelopment.&#8221; saw \u304c\u5f62\u5f0f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e it \u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066 to that \u7bc0\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u308b\u56fa\u5b9a\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8996\u899a\u7684\u77e5\u899a\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c\u914d\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3001\u53d6\u308a\u8a08\u3089\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The evidence led the investigating magistrate to conclude that the transaction was fraudulent.&#8221; led \u304c\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\uff0bto \u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u308b\u69cb\u9020\uff08SVO to do\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u6848\u5185\u30fb\u5148\u5c0e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u3078\u3068\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u306b\u300c\u5c0e\u304f\u3001\u81f3\u3089\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f7f\u5f79\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The corporate executive appreciated that the global supply chain was on the verge of collapse.&#8221; appreciated \u306e\u5f8c\u306b that \u7bc0\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u300c\u611f\u8b1d\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u5b9a\u8a33\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4f9b\u7d66\u7db2\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u306b\u611f\u8b1d\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u6761\u7406\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u9665\u308b\u3002that \u7bc0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u88dc\u90e8\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u3001\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u91cd\u5927\u6027\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3001\u6df1\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u77e5\u6027\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6392\u9664\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u3068\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u81ea\u7531\u52dd\u624b\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3084\u3059\u3044\u76f8\u624b\u3092\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3068\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306f\u3001\u500b\u5225\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7dcf\u548c\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u30fb\u6163\u7528\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u5358\u4f4d\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u306a\u5171\u8d77\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5236\u9650\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u304c\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u6163\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4f53\u6027\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u8a9e\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5236\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8a9e\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306e\u307f\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5236\u9650\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001heavy \u306f\u300c\u91cd\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91cd\u91cf\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u57fa\u672c\u3068\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001drinker \u3084 smoker \u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308c\u3070\u300c\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u300d\u3001rain \u3084 snow \u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308c\u3070\u300c\u6fc0\u3057\u3044\u300d\u3001traffic \u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308c\u3070\u300c\u6df7\u96d1\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3078\u3068\u5909\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8907\u5408\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306f\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u76f8\u624b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u6027\u8cea\uff08\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u3001\u7fd2\u6163\u6027\u3001\u6c17\u8c61\u73fe\u8c61\uff09\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u3079\u304d\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5909\u6570\u304c\u5236\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5358\u4f53\u3067\u8f9e\u66f8\u304b\u3089\u5f15\u304f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4e00\u584a\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u9010\u8a9e\u8a33\u3092\u6392\u3057\u305f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5236\u9650\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u4fee\u98fe\u30fb\u88ab\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u52d5\u8cd3\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5171\u8d77\u76f8\u624b\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u76f8\u624b\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\uff08\u7fd2\u6163\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u601d\u8003\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u591a\u7fa9\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f8\u624b\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u305f\u969b\u306b\u6163\u7528\u7684\u306b\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u30f4\u30a1\u30ea\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The newly appointed central bank governor has come under heavy fire from financial analysts for delaying interest rate adjustments.&#8221; heavy \u304c fire\uff08\u5c04\u6483\u30fb\u7832\u6483\uff09\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b come under \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u7684\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u708e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6fc0\u3057\u3044\u300c\u6279\u5224\u30fb\u975e\u96e3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The defense attorney raised a grave concern regarding the procedural integrity of the evidence collection process.&#8221; grave \u304c concern \u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6b7b\u3084\u5893\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u96e2\u308c\u3001\u554f\u984c\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u3055\u30fb\u91cd\u5927\u3055\u3092\u793a\u3059\u300c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u3001\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The local pharmaceutical startup struck a major blow for public healthcare by developing an affordable vaccine.&#8221; strike a blow for \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u8a33\u7684\u306a\u300c\u6253\u6483\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u301c\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5c3d\u529b\u3059\u308b\u3001\u301c\u3092\u652f\u63f4\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u3058\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The prime minister gave a flat refusal to the proposal of forming a coalition government.&#8221; flat \u3092\u300c\u5e73\u3089\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3001\u5e73\u3089\u306a\u62d2\u7d76\u3068\u8a33\u3059\u306e\u306f\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002refusal\uff08\u62d2\u7d76\uff09\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b flat \u306f\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u3084\u59a5\u5354\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u4e00\u5207\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300c\u65ad\u56fa\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3001\u306b\u3079\u3082\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5171\u8d77\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u8abf\u6574\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5236\u9650\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\u3068\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u840c\u82bd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u3042\u3048\u3066\u9038\u8131\u3059\u308b\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306f\u3001\u8aa4\u8b2c\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3059\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\uff08violation of selectional restrictions\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306f\u6709\u751f\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u4eba\u9593\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u6469\u64e6\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6469\u64e6\u3092\u89e3\u6d88\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u9818\u57df\u304b\u3089\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u30fb\u8c61\u5fb4\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3078\u3068\u518d\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8981\u8acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u7834\u683c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7247\u4ed8\u3051\u305a\u3001\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8d77\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306e\u884c\u9593\u3092\u8aad\u3080\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\u304b\u3089\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u5f79\u5272\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6709\u751f\u6027\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7b97\u6027\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7d20\u6027\u304c\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u89e3\u6d88\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3078\u3068\u8131\u8272\uff08bleaching\uff09\u3055\u308c\u3046\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8131\u8272\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u518d\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u5275\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The sudden resignation of the charismatic director orphaned the ambitious archaeological project.&#8221; \u52d5\u8a5e orphan\uff08\u5b64\u5150\u306b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306f\u672c\u6765\u4eba\u9593\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f the project \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7121\u751f\u7269\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u304c\u4e3b\u5c0e\u8005\u30fb\u5f8c\u308d\u76fe\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u7121\u9632\u5099\u306a\u505c\u6ede\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u9665\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u7acb\u3061\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;A deep, contemplative silence swallowed the entire auditorium after the speaker&#8217;s tragic revelation.&#8221; \u52d5\u8a5e swallow\uff08\u98f2\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\uff09\u306f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6355\u98df\u30fb\u56a5\u4e0b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e silence \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6c88\u9ed9\u304c\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3001\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5c01\u3058\u8fbc\u3081\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5727\u5012\u7684\u306a\u9759\u3051\u3055\u306e\u652f\u914d\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The newly discovered documentary evidence suffocates the prevailing historical narrative regarding the origins of the war.&#8221; \u52d5\u8a5e suffocate\uff08\u7a92\u606f\u6b7b\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e narrative \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u901a\u8aac\u306e\u606f\u306e\u6839\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u308b\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u53cd\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5b58\u7d9a\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u8ad6\u99c1\u306e\u4fee\u8f9e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The long-standing economic embargo bled the nation&#8217;s industrial infrastructure white.&#8221; bleed &#8230; white\uff08\u301c\u304b\u3089\u8840\u3092\u629c\u304d\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u9752\u767d\u304f\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u4fb5\u5bb3\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u5236\u88c1\u3068\u56fd\u5bb6\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6d41\u8840\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u305b\u305a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u304b\u3089\u751f\u547d\u7dda\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8cc7\u6e90\u3084\u8cc7\u91d1\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5438\u3044\u5c3d\u304f\u3057\u3066\u67af\u6e07\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u6253\u6483\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5275\u51fa\u904e\u7a0b\u306e\u89e3\u660e\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u6307\u793a\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08\u30c7\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u3068\u5185\u5305\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u6307\u793a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6349\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306b\u8fbc\u3081\u305f\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u3084\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5b9f\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3059\u8907\u6570\u306e\u8a9e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u3084\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u5185\u5305\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u5b57\u7fa9\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u6cd5\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u5b57\u7fa9\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u5206\u96e2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u8a71\u3057\u624b\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u306f\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u904d\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30c7\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff08denotation: \u6307\u793a\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3059\u6982\u5ff5\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3001\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff08connotation: \u5185\u5305\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u559a\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u306b\u59a5\u5354\u3057\u306a\u3044\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u6307\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u306b\u306f resolute\uff08\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\uff09\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f34\u3048\u3070 steadfast \u3084 principled\uff08\u4fe1\u5ff5\u306e\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f34\u3048\u3070 obstinate \u3084 stubborn, dogmatic\uff08\u9811\u8ff7\u306a\u3001\u72ec\u65ad\u7684\u306a\uff09\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u53d9\u8ff0\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u76ae\u8089\u3092\u8fbc\u3081\u3066\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30c7\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u304c\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u30c7\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u3092\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u4fa1\uff08\u30dd\u30b8\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u304b\u30cd\u30ac\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u304b\uff09\u3092\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa4\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u3042\u3048\u3066\u907f\u3051\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u8ad6\u8a3c\u7684\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The administration&#8217;s fiscal strategy was characterized not as mere prudence, but as outright parsimony that undermined public infrastructure.&#8221; prudence\uff08\u614e\u91cd\u3055\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8a9e\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u3001parsimony\uff08\u6975\u5ea6\u306e\u51fa\u3057\u60dc\u3057\u307f\u3001\u30b1\u30c1\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8a9e\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8ca1\u653f\u7dca\u7e2e\u653f\u7b56\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u975e\u96e3\u304c\u8868\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The revolutionary leader was described by state media as a notorious fanatic, yet foreign observers regarded him as a passionate visionary.&#8221; \u540c\u4e00\u4eba\u7269\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001fanatic\uff08\u72c2\u4fe1\u8005\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u5185\u5305\u3068\u3001visionary\uff08\u5148\u898b\u306e\u660e\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u5185\u5305\u304c\u885d\u7a81\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u30a4\u30c7\u30aa\u30ed\u30ae\u30fc\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u304c\u6d6e\u304d\u5f6b\u308a\u306b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The executive&#8217;s ambitious restructuring plan was condemned by the labor union as an aggressive scheme to dismantle workers&#8217; rights.&#8221; neutral \u306a plan \u3084 project \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u9670\u8b00\u30fb\u4f01\u307f\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u305f scheme \u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u52b4\u50cd\u7d44\u5408\u5074\u306e\u8b66\u6212\u3068\u6575\u610f\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The diplomat was exceptionally shrewd in exploiting loopholes in the international treaty.&#8221; shrewd \u3092\u300c\u60aa\u8ce2\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u307f\u3067\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u3092\u4e0d\u6b63\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u3068\u6c7a\u3081\u3064\u3051\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u77e5\u6027\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 shrewd \u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u3067\u629c\u3051\u76ee\u304c\u306a\u304f\u92ed\u654f\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u63cf\u5199\u3068\u7167\u3089\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u90aa\u60aa\u3055\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u654f\u8155\u3055\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a02\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5b57\u7fa9\u3068\u611f\u60c5\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u5224\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u6587\u8108\u7684\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u78ba\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6765\u306f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u76ae\u8089\uff08\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\uff09\u3084\u98a8\u523a\u304c\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6587\u8108\u7684\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u8ee2\u79fb\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001sophisticated \u306f\u901a\u5e38\u300c\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u8ad6\u3084\u5b9f\u614b\u3092\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\u6b3a\u779e\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u300c\u7121\u99c4\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u3001\u5c0f\u8ce2\u3057\u3044\u3001\u8852\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3078\u3068\u53cd\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u5e33\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30fb\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u3092\u76f2\u4fe1\u305b\u305a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u8abf\uff08\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\uff09\u3092\u611f\u53d7\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u5e2f\u3073\u3066\u3044\u308b\u771f\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u7684\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u8abf\u304c\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u5831\u544a\u3001\u79f0\u8cdb\u3001\u6279\u5224\u7684\u544a\u767a\u3001\u51b7\u7b11\u7684\u76ae\u8089\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304b\u3089\u7dcf\u5408\u7684\u306b\u8a3a\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u306e\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u4fa1\u3068\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u8abf\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u4e0d\u5354\u548c\u97f3\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6279\u5224\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u7a81\u7136\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u80af\u5b9a\u8a9e\u306f\u76ae\u8089\u306e\u6307\u6a19\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u5727\u529b\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306e\u771f\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u6975\u6027\uff08\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306f\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u3060\u304c\u5b9f\u8cea\u306f\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The corporate spokesperson offered a wonderfully sophisticated rationalization for the disastrous quarterly losses, which convinced absolutely nobody.&#8221; wonderfully sophisticated \u304c\u300c\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u304f\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u8cde\u8cdb\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u306e\u306a\u3044\u5c41\u7406\u5c48\u3092\u76ae\u8089\u308b\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002convinced absolutely nobody \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u304c\u3053\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The government celebrated its brilliant triumph in passing the bill, conveniently ignoring the fact that half the population had taken to the streets in protest.&#8221; brilliant triumph \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5927\u3052\u3055\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u8a9e\u304c\u3001conveniently ignoring\uff08\u90fd\u5408\u3088\u304f\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u4f75\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5f53\u5c40\u306e\u72ec\u5584\u3092\u98a8\u523a\u3059\u308b\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3078\u3068\u53cd\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;His discourse was adorned with scholarly jargon, creating an illusion of profound wisdom that masked a total absence of substantive ideas.&#8221; scholarly\uff08\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\uff09\u3084 profound\uff08\u6df1\u9060\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u656c\u610f\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u8a9e\u304c\u3001jargon\uff08\u8852\u5b66\u7684\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\uff09\u3001illusion\uff08\u932f\u899a\uff09\u3001masked\uff08\u8986\u3044\u96a0\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u5305\u56f2\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u306e\u7a7a\u865a\u3055\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u9053\u5177\u306b\u8ee2\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The general&#8217;s bold initiative resulted in the catastrophic encirclement of his own troops.&#8221; bold \u3092\u5358\u306b\u300c\u52c7\u6562\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5c06\u8ecd\u306e\u6c7a\u65ad\u529b\u3092\u8cde\u8cdb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8aa4\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e catastrophic encirclement\uff08\u7834\u6ec5\u7684\u306a\u5305\u56f2\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u672b\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306e bold \u306f\u5411\u3053\u3046\u898b\u305a\u306a\u3001\u7121\u8b00\u306a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u30b3\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u79fb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5224\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5185\u5305\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16. \u6587\u8108\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\uff08\u5b9a\u7fa9\u30fb\u63db\u8a00\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\uff09\u306e\u985e\u578b\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3084\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u6700\u3082\u4fe1\u983c\u306b\u8db3\u308b\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\uff08contextual clues\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u52a9\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u7cbe\u7dfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u540c\u4f4d\u8868\u73fe\u3084\u540c\u683c\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u88dc\u8db3\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9006\u7b97\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff11. \u540c\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u540c\u683c\u8868\u73fe\u30fb\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u88dc\u8db3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u76f4\u3059\u540c\u683c\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u540c\u683c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u30b3\u30f3\u30de\u3001\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u3001\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3001\u62ec\u5f27\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u53e5\u8aad\u70b9\u3084\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\uff08that is, that is to say, in other words, namely\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f or \u306b\u3088\u308b\u540c\u4f4d\u95a2\u4fc2\u306f\u3001\u898b\u77e5\u3089\u306c\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u958b\u793a\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u63d0\u4f9b\u306e\u5408\u56f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u63a8\u6e2c\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u60a9\u3080\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u540c\u683c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5f53\u8a72\u8a9e\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ee2\u8a18\u3059\u308c\u3070\u8db3\u308a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u77ed\u7d61\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8003\u3048\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u7121\u99c4\u306a\u8a8d\u77e5\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u4f4d\u30fb\u540c\u683c\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u53e5\u8aad\u70b9\uff08\u30b3\u30f3\u30de\u5bfe\u3001\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3001\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\uff09\u3084\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u6a19\u8b58\uff08that is, namely \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u7d20\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u540c\u683c\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08A = B\uff09\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u8868\u73fe B \u306e\u610f\u5473\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e A \u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u30fb\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The patient displayed acute symptoms of agnosia\u2014an inability to recognize and interpret sensory impressions despite having intact sensory organs.&#8221; \u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306b\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f an inability to&#8230; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u7528\u8a9e agnosia \u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u611f\u899a\u5668\u306b\u7570\u5e38\u304c\u306a\u3044\u306e\u306b\u77e5\u899a\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u30fb\u89e3\u91c8\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5931\u8a8d\u75c7\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The medieval economy was sustained by usury, that is to say, the practice of lending money at exorbitant and exploitative interest rates.&#8221; that is to say \u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u7bc0\u304c usury \u306e\u540c\u683c\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u66b4\u5229\u3067\u306e\u91d1\u8cb8\u3057\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9ad8\u5229\u8cb8\u3057\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The ecological crisis has been exacerbated by anthropogenic factors: human-induced activities such as deforestation, industrial emissions, and intensive agriculture.&#8221; \u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f human-induced activities \u4ee5\u4e0b\u304c\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e anthropogenic\uff08\u4eba\u70ba\u7684\u306a\uff09\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u63db\u8a00\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u56de\u53ce\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The ethnographer observed the indigenous tribe&#8217;s practice of endogamy, or marriage outside one&#8217;s social group, during the field study.&#8221; or \u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u3092\u7121\u6279\u5224\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3001endogamy \u3092\u300c\u96c6\u56e3\u5916\u5a5a\u300d\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e or \u306b\u306f\u300c\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\uff08\u9078\u629e\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff08\u63db\u8a00\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u6839 endo-\uff08\u5185\u90e8\uff09\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306e or \u306f\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u306e\u8aa4\u7528\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u306a\u9078\u629e\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f exogamy \u3068\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u9055\u3048\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u66b4\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u9d5c\u5451\u307f\u306b\u305b\u305a\u3001\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3082\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u304c\u8aa4\u8b2c\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u540c\u683c\u30fb\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6d3b\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u62bd\u51fa\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff12. \u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u62bd\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u9006\u63a5\u3084\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08however, whereas, while, on the other hand, in contrast\uff09\u3084\u76f8\u95a2\u8868\u73fe\uff08not A but B\uff09\u306e\u7247\u7ffc\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u7ffc\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u8ca0\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9006\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u304b\u3089\u306e\u610f\u5473\u5c0e\u51fa\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ef8\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u8981\u8acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u660e\u77ad\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u305d\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6f14\u7e79\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u5f15\u304b\u305a\u3068\u3082\u3001\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u304c\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u6d6e\u304d\u5f6b\u308a\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u9006\u63a5\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\uff08A \u5bfe B\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u5074\u306e\u547d\u984c\u306e\u610f\u5473\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u304b\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u304b\u3001\u62e1\u5927\u304b\u7e2e\u5c0f\u304b\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u5074\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3001\u65e2\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u53cd\u610f\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;While the initial phase of the project was marked by complete chaos and disorientation, the subsequent implementation was remarkably methodical.&#8221; \u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e While \u304c\u5c0e\u304f\u524d\u534a\u306e complete chaos and disorientation\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6df7\u6c8c\u3068\u6df7\u4e71\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u306e methodical \u304c\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6df7\u6c8c\u306e\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u79e9\u5e8f\u3042\u308b\u3001\u7406\u8def\u6574\u7136\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The former prime minister was criticized for his loquacious rhetoric, whereas his successor was admired for his taciturn demeanor.&#8221; whereas \u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u8005\u306e loquacious \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u304c taciturn\uff08\u7121\u53e3\u306a\u3001\u5be1\u9ed9\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e2\u77e5\u8a9e\u3067\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u9006\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u96c4\u5f01\u30fb\u591a\u5f01\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304b\u3089\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u5be1\u9ed9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;True scientific discovery is seldom the result of a sudden, fortuitous epiphany; rather, it is the hard-won product of painstaking, systematic labor.&#8221; rather\uff08\u3080\u3057\u308d\uff09\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u305f not A but B \u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u300c\u9aa8\u306e\u6298\u308c\u308b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306a\u52b4\u50cd\u306e\u7523\u7269\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304b\u3089\u3001\u524d\u534a\u306e fortuitous epiphany \u304c\u300c\u5076\u7136\u306e\u3072\u3089\u3081\u304d\u3001\u5e78\u904b\u306a\u601d\u3044\u3064\u304d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Unlike his gregarious sibling who thrived in large social gatherings, Julian was an overtly diffident scholar who avoided public interaction.&#8221; Unlike\uff08\u301c\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308a\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5144\u5f1f\u9593\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u524d\u534a\u306e gregarious\uff08\u793e\u4ea4\u7684\u306a\uff09\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u672a\u77e5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001who thrived in large social gatherings \u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\uff08\u793e\u4ea4\u597d\u304d\uff09\u304c\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u5f8c\u534a\u306e diffident \u306f\u305d\u306e\u53cd\u5bfe\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u5185\u5411\u7684\u306a\u3001\u5185\u6c17\u306a\u3001\u4eba\u898b\u77e5\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u306b\u306a\u3089\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u7bc0\u306e\u88dc\u52a9\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6f14\u7e79\u306f\u5d29\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u9006\u7b97\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17. \u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u306f\u672c\u6765\u4eba\u9593\u304c\u884c\u3046\u3079\u304d\u52d5\u4f5c\uff08speak, tell, allow, prevent, rob, blind \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u767a\u60f3\u306e\u307e\u307e\u300c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u304c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u9010\u8a9e\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u64ec\u4eba\u5316\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u3001\u6587\u304c\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8907\u6587\u7684\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u7684\u8131\u8272\u3068\u610f\u5473\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff11. \u4eba\u9593\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7121\u751f\u7269\u8ee2\u7528\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u306a\u305c\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u7121\u751f\u7269\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u597d\u307e\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3002\u7d71\u8a9e\u8ad6\u30fb\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u7bc0\uff08\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u8868\u3059\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u4e3b\u7bc0\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5727\u7e2e\u30fb\u51dd\u7e2e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u7d71\u5408\u88c5\u7f6e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7121\u751f\u7269\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306f\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u300c\u539f\u56e0\u30fb\u624b\u6bb5\u30fb\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306f\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u300c\u7d50\u679c\u30fb\u88ab\u5f71\u97ff\u8005\u300d\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u5f79\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u9000\u304d\u3001\u300c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u301c\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u547d\u984c\u3078\u3068\u89e3\u4f53\u30fb\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u8a33\u8a9e\u306b\u56da\u308f\u308c\u305a\u3001\u6df1\u5c64\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u9732\u51fa\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u6210\u5426\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u304b\u3089\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7121\u751f\u7269\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3001\u72b6\u6cc1\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4e8b\u7269\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u672c\u6765\u4eba\u9593\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u8868\u3059\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\uff08Because of &#8230;, When &#8230;\uff09\u3078\u3068\u8133\u5185\u3067\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u7bc0\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u4f7f\u5f79\uff08\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3001\u963b\u5bb3\uff08\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\uff08\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3078\u3068\u9084\u5143\u3057\u3066\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The unforeseen economic crisis robbed thousands of citizens of their retirement savings.&#8221; \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e rob \u306f\u300c\u301c\u304b\u3089\u5f37\u596a\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u4e0d\u6cc1\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7121\u751f\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u4e0d\u6cc1\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff09\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u5e02\u6c11\u304c\u301c\u3092\u5931\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u300c\u4e88\u671f\u305b\u306c\u7d4c\u6e08\u5371\u6a5f\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u4f55\u5343\u3082\u306e\u5e02\u6c11\u304c\u751f\u6daf\u306e\u8caf\u84c4\u3092\u5931\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u547d\u984c\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;A brief glance at the demographic statistics will convince anyone of the severity of the population decline.&#8221; \u4e00\u77a5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u8a9e\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u3001\u4eba\u3092\u78ba\u4fe1\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f7f\u5f79\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u306a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u7d71\u8a08\u3092\u4e00\u76ee\u898b\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8ab0\u3067\u3082\u4eba\u53e3\u6e1b\u5c11\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u3055\u3092\u78ba\u4fe1\u305b\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The dense fog prevented the search and rescue helicopter from taking off.&#8221; prevent A from -ing \u306e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u6fc3\u9727\u304c\u30d8\u30ea\u30b3\u30d7\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u96e2\u9678\u3092\u59a8\u3052\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76f4\u8a33\u304b\u3089\u8131\u5374\u3057\u3001\u300c\u6fc3\u9727\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u635c\u7d22\u6551\u52a9\u30d8\u30ea\u30b3\u30d7\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u96e2\u9678\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Her stubborn pride did not allow her to acknowledge her obvious mistakes.&#8221; allow \u3092\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u7684\u30fb\u516c\u7684\u6a29\u9650\u306e\u884c\u4f7f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u786c\u76f4\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u9811\u56fa\u306a\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u304c\u8a31\u53ef\u3092\u51fa\u3055\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5185\u9762\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8aa4\u308a\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u963b\u5bb3\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u300c\u9811\u56fa\u306a\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u304c\u90aa\u9b54\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u660e\u767d\u306a\u904e\u3061\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7121\u751f\u7269\u8ee2\u7528\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5fa9\u5143\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff12. \u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u7684\u8131\u8272\u3068\u610f\u5473\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6765\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u9670\u5f71\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u8a18\u53f7\u3078\u3068\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8131\u8272\uff08semantic bleaching\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e see \u3084 witness \u306f\u672c\u6765\u300c\u76ee\u7389\u3067\u5149\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u77e5\u899a\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5834\u6240\u3084\u6642\u4ee3\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3068\u304d\uff08&#8221;The 20th century saw two world wars.&#8221;\uff09\u3001\u77e5\u899a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8131\u8272\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5358\u306b\u300c\u305d\u306e\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u751f\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6a5f\u80fd\u8a9e\u3078\u3068\u7d14\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8131\u8272\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u904e\u5270\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u6027\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5177\u8c61\u6027\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u6368\u8c61\u3057\u3001\u7d14\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u4f5c\u696d\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8131\u8272\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u6642\u9593\u30fb\u5834\u6240\u30fb\u5b66\u554f\u30fb\u5236\u5ea6\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u7bc4\u7587\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u672c\u6765\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff08\u898b\u308b\u3001\u8a71\u3059\u3001\u5c0e\u304f\u7b49\uff09\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\u3068\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5265\u304e\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u300c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u300d\u300c\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u305f\u300d\u300c\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u30fb\u56e0\u679c\u30fb\u660e\u793a\uff09\u3078\u3068\u610f\u5473\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3066\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The nineteenth century witnessed a profound transformation in industrial production methods.&#8221; \u6642\u9593\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308a witness\uff08\u76ee\u6483\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e16\u7d00\u304c\u76ee\u6483\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c19\u4e16\u7d00\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7523\u65b9\u5f0f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u5909\u9769\u304c\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u3001\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u8131\u8272\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The ancient inscription tells an intriguing story of military conquest and religious devotion.&#8221; \u7121\u58f0\u306e\u77f3\u7891\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308a tell\uff08\u8a9e\u308b\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u8a71\u3057\u304b\u3051\u3066\u304f\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u9298\u6587\u304c\u5f81\u670d\u3068\u4fe1\u4ef0\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u300c\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u4f1d\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60c5\u5831\u4f1d\u9054\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;This path leads to the summit of the mountain.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304b\u3089\u3001&#8221;This flawed methodology leads directly to unscientific conclusions.&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u73fe\u3078\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002lead to \u304c\u8db3\u3067\u6b69\u304f\u6848\u5185\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3001\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u5e30\u7740\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u3068\u8131\u8272\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Recent empirical data speak volumes about the ineffectiveness of the current policy.&#8221; speak volumes \u3092\u300c\u4f55\u5dfb\u3082\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8a71\u3059\u300d\u3068\u8a33\u3059\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u7684\u8131\u8272\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5178\u578b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002speak \u306e\u767a\u8a71\u52d5\u4f5c\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6d88\u6ec5\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u96c4\u5f01\u306b\u7269\u8a9e\u308b\u3001\u660e\u767d\u306b\u8a3c\u62e0\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a3c\u660e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u7684\u8131\u8272\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18. \u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u6f5c\u5728\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u89e3\u51cd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u6563\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u6587\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u6027\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u7bc0\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u304d\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\uff08nominalization\uff09\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u584a\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3078\u3068\u5727\u7e2e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u6fc3\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u6f5c\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u4e3b\u8ff0\u30fb\u52d5\u8cd3\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6587\u8108\u4e2d\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u63db\u79f0\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u69cb\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff11. \u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u30fb\u6027\u8cea\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5185\u5305\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u8ff0\u30fb\u52d5\u8cd3\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6765\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7bc0\uff08clause\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u300c\u8ab0\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u3069\u3046\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u3092\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u51cd\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001The government unexpectedly rejected the proposal \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u6587\u306f\u3001The government&#8217;s unexpected rejection of the proposal \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3078\u3068\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\u3001\u5143\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e reject \u306f\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e rejection \u3078\u3068\u59ff\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u6240\u6709\u683c The government&#8217;s \u3078\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5 of the proposal \u3078\u3068\u9000\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3053\u306e\u51cd\u7d50\u3055\u308c\u305f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u9759\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u7269\u306e\u30e9\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u3051\u6d41\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u8133\u5185\u3067\u518d\u3073\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7bc0\u3078\u3068\u89e3\u51cd\uff08unpacking\uff09\u3057\u3001\u5185\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u8ff0\u8a9e\u30fb\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u518d\u751f\u3059\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u51cd\u3057\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u8a9e\u5c3e\uff08-tion, -ment, -ance, -al \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u306b\u3042\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u5f62\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6240\u6709\u683c\uff08&#8217;s\uff09\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08of, by, to \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u57fa\u5e95\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\u88ab\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u89e3\u51cd\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u300cS \u304c O \u3092 V \u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u3078\u3068\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u90e8\u3068\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The rapid destruction of tropical rainforests by commercial logging enterprises accelerates global warming.&#8221; \u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 The rapid destruction of tropical rainforests by commercial logging enterprises \u3092\u89e3\u51cd\u3059\u308b\u3002destruction \u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f destroy\u3001of \u53e5\u306f\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\u71b1\u5e2f\u96e8\u6797\uff09\u3001by \u53e5\u306f\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u4f10\u63a1\u4f01\u696d\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u5546\u696d\u4f10\u63a1\u4f01\u696d\u304c\u71b1\u5e2f\u96e8\u6797\u3092\u6025\u901f\u306b\u7834\u58ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u3092\u52a0\u901f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The committee expressed grave concern over the prosecutor&#8217;s aggressive cross-examination of the vulnerable witness.&#8221; cross-examination \u3092\u52d5\u8a5e cross-examine \u3078\u3068\u89e3\u51cd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6240\u6709\u683c prosecutor&#8217;s \u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u691c\u5bdf\u5b98\u304c\uff09\u3001of \u53e5 the vulnerable witness \u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\u8a3c\u4eba\u3092\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u691c\u5bdf\u5b98\u304c\u50b7\u3064\u304d\u3084\u3059\u3044\u8a3c\u4eba\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u653b\u6483\u7684\u306a\u53cd\u5bfe\u5c0b\u554f\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u8c61\u3078\u306e\u61f8\u5ff5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The sudden arrival of the peacekeeping forces stabilized the deteriorating regional security situation.&#8221; arrival \u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u52d5\u8a5e arrive \u306f\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001of the peacekeeping forces \u306f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u5e73\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u8ecd\u304c\u7a81\u5982\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5230\u7740\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u304c\u6cbb\u5b89\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The dramatic expansion of digital technology has facilitated communication.&#8221; expansion \u3092\u5358\u306b\u300c\u62e1\u5927\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9759\u7684\u306a\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e expand \u3068\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e expand \u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u89e3\u51cd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6280\u8853\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u304c\u6280\u8853\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u306b\u300c\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u6280\u8853\u304c\u5287\u7684\u306b\u62e1\u5927\u30fb\u666e\u53ca\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u5185\u5305\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u7684\u547d\u984c\u306e\u89e3\u51cd\u3068\u4e3b\u8ff0\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff12. \u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u63db\u79f0\u3068\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9577\u5927\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3084\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\uff08problem, issue, process, phenomenon, assumption, failure \u7b49\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u76f4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6587\u8108\u7684\u63db\u79f0\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u601d\u3044\u6d6e\u304b\u3079\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u8aad\u89e3\u306f\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u5148\u884c\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306f\u9014\u5207\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u3072\u3068\u307e\u3068\u3081\u306b\u3057\u3066\u683c\u7d0d\u3057\u305f\u5727\u7e2e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5727\u7e2e\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u3001\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u5e38\u306b\u610f\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u30fb\u82f1\u8a9e\u9577\u6587\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3059\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u898f\u5f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u63db\u79f0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3084\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u6307\u793a\u8a9e\u3084\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\uff08this problem, the process, such assumptions \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3078\u3068\u8996\u7dda\u3092\u9061\u3089\u305b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u304b\u3089\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u305d\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\uff0f\u4eee\u5b9a\uff0f\u5931\u6557\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3066\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u524d\u6bb5\u3067\u4f01\u696d\u304c\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u306a\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u8ffd\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u3092\u524a\u6e1b\u3057\u305f\u7d4c\u7def\u304c\u8a73\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001&#8221;This shortsightedness ultimately eroded the firm&#8217;s competitive advantage.&#8221; \u3068\u7d9a\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3001This shortsightedness\uff08\u3053\u306e\u8fd1\u8996\u773c\u6027\uff09\u306f\u300c\u76ee\u5148\u306e\u5229\u76ca\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u8cbb\u3092\u524a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u63db\u79f0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u79d1\u5b66\u8005\u305f\u3061\u304c\u4f55\u5341\u5e74\u3082\u4fe1\u3058\u3066\u304d\u305f\u30a8\u30fc\u30c6\u30eb\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u5b9f\u9a13\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u5f8c\u3001&#8221;The collapse of this foundational assumption paved the way for Einstein&#8217;s relativity.&#8221; \u3068\u7d9a\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3001this foundational assumption \u306f\u300c\u5149\u3092\u5a92\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u30a8\u30fc\u30c6\u30eb\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u5b9a\u300d\u3092\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u8907\u6570\u306e\u56fd\u304c\u56fd\u5883\u5730\u5e2f\u3067\u8ecd\u5099\u3092\u5897\u5f37\u3057\u76f8\u4e92\u4e0d\u4fe1\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u305f\u904e\u7a0b\u3092\u63cf\u5199\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001&#8221;To defuse this escalating crisis, international mediators were dispatched.&#8221; \u3068\u7d9a\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3001this escalating crisis \u306f\u8ecd\u5099\u5897\u5f37\u3068\u76f8\u4e92\u4e0d\u4fe1\u306e\u60aa\u5faa\u74b0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The sudden decline in voter turnout baffled political analysts. This phenomenon was particularly evident among younger demographics.&#8221; This phenomenon \u3092\u5358\u306b\u300c\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u300d\u3068\u8a33\u3057\u3066\u901a\u904e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4f55\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u5206\u6790\u304b\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u300c\u6295\u7968\u7387\u306e\u6025\u6fc0\u306a\u4f4e\u4e0b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u300c\u6295\u7968\u7387\u304c\u6025\u843d\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6349\u3048\u76f4\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u63db\u79f0\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u306e\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19. \u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u6e2c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4eee\u8aac\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u6280\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u969b\u3001\u30d1\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u9665\u3063\u3066\u3042\u3066\u305a\u3063\u307d\u3046\u306e\u63a8\u6e2c\u3092\u884c\u3046\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u300c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3057\u304b\u5165\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u6f14\u7e79\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u8b2c\u9632\u6b62\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19.\uff11. \u6587\u8108\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u6f14\u7e79<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a66\u9a13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e0b\u7dda\u304c\u5f15\u304b\u308c\u305f\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6700\u3082\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\uff08\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b \uff3d\uff09\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u5468\u56f2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3079\u304d\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5916\u5074\u304b\u3089\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u7121\u6570\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u5b57\u9762\uff08\u8a9e\u5e79\u3084\u63a5\u982d\u8f9e\uff09\u304b\u3089\u63a8\u6e2c\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5916\u90e8\u74b0\u5883\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u5148\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u63a8\u6e2c\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306f\u98db\u8e8d\u7684\u306b\u9ad8\u307e\u308b\u3002\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u3092\u6050\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u969c\u5bb3\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u9023\u7acb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u304b\u3089\u89e3\u304d\u660e\u304b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u672a\u77e5\u6570\\(\\text{X}\\)\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u8a8d\u77e5\u614b\u52e2\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u5316\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5fc5\u8981\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u3092\u8a18\u53f7\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u52d5\u63fa\u3092\u906e\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u304c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u6587\u578b\uff08\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u304b\u4e3b\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u3001\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u304c\u6301\u3064\u3079\u304d\u6975\u6027\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\uff09\u3001\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\uff08\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\uff09\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u300c\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u306f\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u660e\u6587\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Although the initial results seemed entirely plausible, further scrutiny revealed that the data had been completely \\(\\text{\uff3bfabricated\uff3d}\\).&#8221; plausible\uff08\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u3089\u3057\u3044\uff09\u3068 Although\uff08\u8b72\u6b69\uff09\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u304c\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e revealed \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e that \u7bc0\u5185\u306f\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u3069\u3046\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u3089\u3057\u3055\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u300c\u634f\u9020\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u6539\u3056\u3093\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5c5e\u6027\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u6f14\u7e79\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The new tax policy was designed to \\(\\text{\uff3bameliorate\uff3d}\\) the living conditions of the impoverished urban underclass.&#8221; \u76ee\u7684\u3092\u8868\u3059 to \u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306f the living conditions of the impoverished\uff08\u8ca7\u56f0\u5c64\u306e\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u610f\u56f3\uff08designed to\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u300c\u6539\u5584\u3059\u308b\u3001\u7de9\u548c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u50cd\u304d\u304b\u3051\u304c\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The general was notorious for his \\(\\text{\uff3bpusillanimous\uff3d}\\) retreat whenever confronted by a superior enemy force.&#8221; notorious\uff08\u60aa\u540d\u9ad8\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001whenever \u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u300c\u512a\u52e2\u306a\u6575\u8ecd\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3044\u3064\u3067\u3082\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6761\u4ef6\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066 retreat\uff08\u9000\u5374\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u7dcf\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u9000\u5374\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u306b\u306f\u3001\u81c6\u75c5\u306a\u3001\u5351\u602f\u306a\u3001\u6c17\u9aa8\u306e\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u975e\u96e3\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u5145\u586b\u3055\u308c\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Rather than providing a clear and comprehensive explanation, the politician remained deliberately \\(\\text{\uff3bequivocal\uff3d}\\) during the press conference.&#8221; Rather than\uff08\u301c\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f clear and comprehensive\uff08\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\uff09\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\\(\\text{\uff3bX\uff3d}\\)\u306b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u300c\u66d6\u6627\u306a\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u306a\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u6fc1\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5fb4\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u5316\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19.\uff12. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u7167\u5408\u524d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u5f62\u6210\u3068\u8aa4\u8b2c\u9632\u6b62<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7fa9\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9665\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u7f60\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3092\u5341\u5206\u306b\u541f\u5473\u3057\u306a\u3044\u307e\u307e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3001\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u3084\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u8a33\u8a9e\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u596a\u308f\u308c\u3066\u81ea\u6ec5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a66\u9a13\u4f5c\u6210\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3084\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u5b89\u6613\u306b\u9023\u60f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff08distractors\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u9632\u58c1\u304c\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u898b\u308b\u524d\u306b\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u529b\u3067\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\uff08semantic profile\uff09\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u524d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3068\u3044\u3046\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u9078\u3076\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u51b7\u5fb9\u306b\u7167\u5408\u30fb\u691c\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u3078\u3068\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7b54\u3078\u5230\u9054\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u7bc0\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\uff08\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u6975\u6027\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u5473\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u7b49\u3067\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u4e00\u3064\u305a\u3064\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3068\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u304c\u7d1b\u308c\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u8b66\u6212\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u6b63\u7b54\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u5143\u306e\u6587\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u6587\u578b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8abf\u548c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u6700\u7d42\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8 &#8220;harbored&#8221; \u306e\u6587\u8108\uff1a&#8221;For decades, the reclusive scholar harbored a deep suspicion of modern technological civilization.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u524d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\uff1a\u300c\u5fc3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\uff08\u7591\u5ff5\u3092\uff09\u62b1\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3001\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) built a port for\uff08\u6e2f\u3092\u5efa\u8a2d\u3057\u305f\uff1a\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u30fb\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u7f60\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) concealed a criminal\uff08\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u3092\u533f\u3063\u305f\uff1a\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u7279\u6b8a\u7fa9\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) entertained or held in mind\uff08\u5fc3\u306b\u62b1\u3044\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) sailed across\uff08\u822a\u6d77\u3057\u305f\uff1a\u6e2f\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9023\u60f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u5165\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001(C) \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8 &#8220;compromised&#8221; \u306e\u6587\u8108\uff1a&#8221;The structural integrity of the spacecraft was compromised during re-entry.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u524d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\uff1a\u300c\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3001\u50b7\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3001\u5371\u967a\u306b\u6652\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) settled by mutual concession\uff08\u59a5\u5354\u3057\u305f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u7f60\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) impaired or endangered\uff08\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3001\u5371\u6a5f\u306b\u7015\u3057\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) negotiated successfully\uff08\u4ea4\u6e09\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u6587\u8108\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) thoroughly inspected\uff08\u691c\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff1a\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u9023\u60f3\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u5165\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001(B) \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8 &#8220;countenance&#8221; \u306e\u6587\u8108\uff1a&#8221;The strict university tribunal refused to countenance such academic dishonesty.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u524d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\uff1a\u300c\u8a31\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3001\u5927\u76ee\u306b\u898b\u308b\u3001\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) facial expression\uff08\u9854\u3064\u304d\u3001\u8868\u60c5\uff1a\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u2192 \u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) tolerate or approve\uff08\u5bb9\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3001\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\uff09\u2192 \u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) punish severely\uff08\u53b3\u7f70\u306b\u51e6\u3059\uff1adishonesty \u304b\u3089\u306e\u77ed\u7d61\u7684\u9023\u60f3\uff09\u2192 \u62d2\u7d76 refused \u3068\u306e\u91cd\u8907\u3067\u610f\u5473\u304c\u53cd\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) investigate thoroughly\uff08\u8abf\u67fb\u3059\u308b\uff09\u2192 \u610f\u5473\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u5165\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001(B) \u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8 &#8220;weathered&#8221; \u306e\u6587\u8108\uff1a&#8221;The coalition government successfully weathered the severe political scandal that threatened to tear it apart.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u524d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\uff1a\u300c\uff08\u5d50\u306a\u3069\u3092\uff09\u4e57\u308a\u5207\u3063\u305f\u3001\u5207\u308a\u629c\u3051\u305f\u3001\u6301\u3061\u3053\u305f\u3048\u305f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) changed due to climate\uff08\u98a8\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305f\uff1a\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) survived or came through safely\uff08\u4e57\u308a\u5207\u3063\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) deteriorated gradually\uff08\u60aa\u5316\u3057\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u6210\u529f\u88cf\u306b\uff08successfully\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u526f\u8a5e\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) predicted accurately\uff08\u4e88\u5831\u3057\u305f\uff1a\u5929\u6c17\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9023\u60f3\uff09\u2192 \u6d88\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee3\u5165\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001(B) \u304c\u6b63\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u7167\u5408\u524d\u306b\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u610f\u5473\u8f2a\u90ed\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u6392\u3057\u305f\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u6b63\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3068\u8981\u65e8\u628a\u63e1\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u6d41\u308c\uff08\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u56e0\u679c\u30fb\u4e3b\u984c\u5c55\u958b\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3092\u6bb5\u843d\u898f\u6a21\u3067\u63a2\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u3068\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7bc4\u7587\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306f\u3001\u5f53\u8a72\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u7279\u5316\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u5b9f\u6226\u8aad\u89e3\u3078\u3068\u62e1\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587:\u57fa\u790e M15]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u6280\u6cd5\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u3068\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u6f14\u7e79\u3084\u5bfe\u6bd4\u9805\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9006\u7b97\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u77e5\u6d3b\u52d5\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8ecc\u3092\u4e00\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6bcd\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u82f1\u8a9e\u8aad\u89e3\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u7528\u30fb\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5171\u8d77\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u610f\u5473\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6a5f\u5e8f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u3092\u771f\u306b\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u8ad6\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u611f\u899a\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u5185\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u898f\u5247\u3084\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7d44\u7e54\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5171\u8d77\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8a9e\u304c\u672c\u6765\u306e\u9818\u57df\u304b\u3089\u5225\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3078\u3068\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u306f\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306a\u98db\u8e8d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30c8\u30dd\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\uff08\u4f4d\u76f8\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\uff09\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u4fdd\u5b58\u3084\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7d4c\u9a13\u306b\u6839\u3056\u3057\u305f\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u6295\u5c04\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u304c\u50cd\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u539f\u7406\u3001\u63db\u55a9\u30fb\u63d0\u55a9\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff08\u30ec\u30ad\u30b7\u30ab\u30eb\u30fb\u30c1\u30a7\u30a4\u30f3\uff09\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u504f\u308a\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u3084\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u53cd\u8a3c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u6f14\u7e79\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8996\u5ea7\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58\u3068\u6587\u8108\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u62bd\u51fa\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u898f\u5247\u3001\u63db\u55a9\u30fb\u63d0\u55a9\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3001\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u5275\u767a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u306e\u5883\u754c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3001\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u306e\u5171\u6642\u7684\u7d71\u5236\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u6975\u6027\u53cd\u8ee2\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u3001\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u539f\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u8003\u7a76\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8907\u96d1\u306b\u5165\u308a\u7d44\u3093\u3060\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u89e3\u4f53\u30fb\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6c7a\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u6587\u578b\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5171\u8d77\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u304c\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u3068\u4e8b\u8c61\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u9032\u884c\u4e2d\u304b\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u52d5\u7684\u5909\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5185\u5728\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u7684\u5199\u50cf\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u304c\u5199\u50cf\u5148\u3067\u3082\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u308b\u539f\u7406\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M06]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eba\u9593\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u601d\u8003\u3092\u884c\u3046\u969b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306f\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u63e1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u89aa\u548c\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7d4c\u9a13\u3092\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\uff08\u9818\u57df\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u5199\u50cf\uff08mapping\uff09\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3053\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5909\u594f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u8d77\u70b9\u9818\u57df\u304b\u3089\u76ee\u6a19\u9818\u57df\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u898f\u5247\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306b\u3088\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u62bd\u8c61\u9818\u57df\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3068\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u88c5\u98fe\uff08\u3053\u3068\u3070\u306e\u7dbe\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u601d\u8003\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4eba\u9593\u306f\u3001\u76ee\u306b\u898b\u3048\u305a\u624b\u3067\u89e6\u308c\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u6642\u9593\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u6a29\u529b\u95a2\u4fc2\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7d4c\u9a13\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\uff08\u8d77\u70b9\u9818\u57df\uff1aSource Domain\uff09\u304b\u3089\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\uff08\u76ee\u6a19\u9818\u57df\uff1aTarget Domain\uff09\u3078\u3068\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u300c\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u6226\u4e89\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08ARGUMENT IS WAR\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092 attack\uff08\u653b\u6483\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3001\u81ea\u8aac\u3092 defend\uff08\u9632\u885b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3001\u8ad6\u70b9\u3092 demolish\uff08\u7c89\u7815\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u904b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8d77\u70b9\u9818\u57df\u306e\u4f4d\u76f8\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u529b\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\u304c\u76ee\u6a19\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5909\u6027\u4eee\u8aac\uff08Invariance Hypothesis\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u3068\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u3067\u8d77\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3078\u3068\u7ffb\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5909\u63db\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306b\u4ed6\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u304c\u559a\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u539f\u521d\u7684\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\uff08\u767b\u308b\u3001\u63b4\u3080\u3001\u56f2\u3080\u3001\u5207\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u8c61\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u6a19\u9818\u57df\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u8d77\u70b9\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u529b\u5b66\uff08\u4e0a\u5411\u304d\u306f\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u3001\u524d\u9032\u306f\u9032\u6b69\u3001\u969c\u5bb3\u7269\u306e\u7a81\u7834\u306f\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u76ee\u6a19\u9818\u57df\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The newly proposed fiscal policy is designed to combat inflation, but economists fear it will undermine the very foundations of industrial competitiveness.&#8221; combat\uff08\u6226\u95d8\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u6291\u5236\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001undermine the foundations\uff08\u571f\u53f0\u3092\u6398\u308a\u5d29\u3059\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5efa\u7bc9\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7834\u58ca\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u7523\u696d\u7af6\u4e89\u529b\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u653f\u7b56\u304c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7834\u58ca\u529b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7af6\u4e89\u529b\u306e\u5b58\u7acb\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u6839\u5e95\u304b\u3089\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;In formulating his critique of capitalist modernity, the philosopher constructs an unassailable argument.&#8221; unassailable\uff08\u96e3\u653b\u4e0d\u843d\u306e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u57ce\u585e\u30fb\u8ecd\u4e8b\u9632\u885b\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3001\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u53cd\u8ad6\u3084\u6279\u5224\u306e\u653b\u6483\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u751f\u3058\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3001\u53cd\u8a3c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7fa9\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The cognitive scientist attempted to grasp the elusive mechanism of subjective consciousness.&#8221; grasp\uff08\u624b\u3067\u56fa\u304f\u63e1\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u628a\u6301\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u306e\u89e3\u660e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u77e5\u7684\u9818\u57df\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u624b\u3067\u63b4\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u306a\u300c\u7406\u89e3\u30fb\u628a\u63e1\u300d\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u79fb\u3057\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u9003\u3052\u3084\u3059\u3044\uff08elusive\uff09\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u596e\u95d8\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u59ff\u52e2\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The legal precedent set by the supreme court paved the way for subsequent civil rights legislation.&#8221; pave the way\uff08\u9053\u3092\u8217\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u5207\u308a\u958b\u304f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u571f\u6728\u5de5\u5b66\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u9053\u8def\u5efa\u8a2d\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u969c\u5bb3\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u3044\u3066\u9032\u884c\u3092\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u9818\u57df\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3001\u301c\u3078\u306e\u9053\u3092\u958b\u304f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a8\u9032\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u898f\u5247\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u8868\u73fe\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6f14\u7e79\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u5bb9\u5668\u30fb\u7d4c\u8def\u30fb\u65b9\u5411\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u78ba\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u3001\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u9ad8\u3044\u983b\u5ea6\u3067\u62bd\u8c61\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\uff08Container\uff09\u3001\u7d4c\u8def\uff08Source-Path-Goal\uff09\u3001\u65b9\u5411\uff08Up-Down \/ Front-Back\uff09\u306e\u4e09\u3064\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u30fb\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5bb9\u5668\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u300c\u5185\u90e8\u3001\u5883\u754c\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u300d\u3092\u57fa\u672c\u3068\u3057\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u3001\u7bc4\u7587\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u3078\u306e\u6240\u5c5e\u3084\u96e2\u8131\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\uff08in love, out of control, enter into an agreement\uff09\u3002\u7d4c\u8def\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u300c\u8d77\u70b9\u3001\u901a\u904e\u70b9\u3001\u7d42\u70b9\uff08\u76ee\u7684\uff09\u300d\u304b\u3089\u6210\u308a\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u3001\u601d\u8003\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u4e00\u672c\u306e\u8ecc\u8de1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\uff08reach a conclusion, deviate from the norm\uff09\u3002\u65b9\u5411\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u91cd\u529b\u3084\u8eab\u4f53\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u3001\u300c\u4e0a\u30fb\u524d\u300d\u3092\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\uff08\u5411\u4e0a\u3001\u512a\u4f4d\u3001\u672a\u6765\u3001\u610f\u8b58\u7684\uff09\u3001\u300c\u4e0b\u30fb\u5f8c\u300d\u3092\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\uff08\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3001\u52a3\u7b49\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u3001\u7121\u610f\u8b58\u7684\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff08high standards, fall into decay, look forward to\uff09\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u8907\u96d1\u306b\u7d61\u307f\u5408\u3046\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u8aa4\u3089\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u6307\u3057\u793a\u3059\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u3092\u5fe0\u5b9f\u306b\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e09\u3064\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\uff08in, into, out of\uff09\u3001\u7d4c\u8def\uff08from, through, to, toward\uff09\u3001\u65b9\u5411\uff08up, down, above, below\uff09\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u8d77\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5236\u7d04\uff08\u5185\u90e8\u3078\u306e\u675f\u7e1b\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u3078\u306e\u5230\u9054\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff09\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u6587\u8108\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3055\u305b\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u3001\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u5230\u9054\u70b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u6587\u8108\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The diplomatic mission reached an impasse, forcing the delegates to think outside the box to find a viable compromise.&#8221; an impasse\uff08\u888b\u5c0f\u8def\uff1a\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u9589\u585e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d4c\u8def\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001outside the box\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u306e\u5916\u90e8\u3078\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bb9\u5668\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u8d8a\u5883\u304c\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u601d\u8003\u306e\u5883\u754c\u7dda\uff08\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\uff09\u3092\u8131\u3057\u3066\u3001\u578b\u7834\u308a\u306a\u767a\u60f3\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The country&#8217;s sovereign debt crisis escalated to the point where international organizations had to step in.&#8221; escalate\uff08\u968e\u6bb5\u30fb\u4e0a\u65b9\u5411\u3078\u306e\u5897\u5927\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5371\u967a\u5ea6\u306e\u5897\u5927\u3001to the point\uff08\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u5230\u9054\u70b9\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81e8\u754c\u70b9\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066 step in\uff08\u7a7a\u9593\u5185\u90e8\u3078\u306e\u8db3\u306e\u8e0f\u307f\u5165\u308c\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4ecb\u5165\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u30fb\u7d4c\u8def\u30fb\u5bb9\u5668\u306e\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u5316\u3068\u56fd\u969b\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;Under the weight of accumulated historical evidence, the traditional narrative fell apart.&#8221; under the weight\uff08\u4e0b\u65b9\u3078\u306e\u91cd\u5727\uff09\u3068 fell apart\uff08\u69cb\u9020\u7269\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u30fb\u5206\u89e3\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u529b\u30fb\u5efa\u7bc9\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u901a\u8aac\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The corporation&#8217;s radical restructuring plan plunged the entire workforce into despair.&#8221; plunge &#8230; into\uff08\u301c\u3092\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u6c88\u3081\u308b\u30fb\u98db\u3073\u8fbc\u307e\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6025\u6fc0\u306a\u4e0b\u65b9\u904b\u52d5\u3068\u9589\u9396\u5bb9\u5668\u3078\u306e\u7a81\u5165\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u6295\u4e0b\u3068\u6349\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6025\u6fc0\u304b\u3064\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u306b\u7d76\u671b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u3078\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3057\u5165\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f7f\u5f79\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u4e09\u3064\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8ffd\u8de1\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\uff08\u63db\u55a9\uff09\u3068\u30b7\u30cd\u30af\u30c9\u30ad\uff08\u63d0\u55a9\uff09\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u6a5f\u5e8f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u304c\u300c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u9593\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\uff08\u63db\u55a9\uff09\u3068\u30b7\u30cd\u30af\u30c9\u30ad\uff08\u63d0\u55a9\uff09\u306f\u300c\u540c\u4e00\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96a3\u63a5\u6027\u3084\u5305\u6442\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6307\u793a\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u3084\u5831\u9053\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u4f53\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u540d\u6307\u3057\u305b\u305a\u3001\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3084\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u9053\u5177\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f62\u3067\u904b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u9818\u57df\u5185\u306e\u96a3\u63a5\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63db\u55a9\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u5305\u6442\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63d0\u55a9\u3068\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u306e\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u8fd1\u63a5\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u3068\u5c5e\u6027\u63db\u79f0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff08\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u77e5\u899a\u7684\u306b\u9855\u8457\u306a\u4e00\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u5bc6\u63a5\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u5225\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3084\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u8fd1\u63a5\u6027\uff08contiguity\uff09\u306e\u5229\u7528\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u300c\u9053\u5177\u30fb\u624b\u6bb5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u306e\u6307\u793a\uff08the pen is mightier than the sword\uff09\u300d\u300c\u5834\u6240\u306b\u3088\u308b\u305d\u3053\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u95a2\u30fb\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u6307\u793a\uff08the White House announced&#8230; \/ Wall Street panicked\uff09\u300d\u300c\u5bb9\u5668\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u7269\u306e\u6307\u793a\uff08the whole kettle boiled\uff09\u300d\u300c\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5c5e\u6027\u306e\u63db\u79f0\uff08he has a good ear for music\uff09\u300d\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u5b57\u9762\u901a\u308a\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5efa\u7269\u304c\u58f0\u660e\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5263\u304c\u6226\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5947\u5999\u306a\u8aa4\u8aad\u306b\u9665\u308b\u3002\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8868\u5c64\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9855\u8457\u306a\u6a19\u8b58\u304b\u3089\u3001\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u771f\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3078\u3068\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd1\u63a5\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63db\u79f0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u9055\u53cd\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u7121\u751f\u7269\u306e\u5834\u6240\u540d\u304c\u767a\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u3001\u9053\u5177\u304c\u610f\u5fd7\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9055\u548c\u611f\u304c\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\u8d77\u52d5\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u8868\u5c64\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u3068\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u5185\u3067\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u3001\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u306b\u96a3\u63a5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5b9f\u4f53\uff08\u5834\u6240\u2192\u305d\u3053\u306b\u3044\u308b\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u9053\u5177\u2192\u305d\u308c\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u4eba\u9593\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u2192\u7d50\u679c\uff09\u3092\u9023\u60f3\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u304b\u3089\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u771f\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u547d\u984c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Downing Street issued a strongly worded statement regarding the escalating maritime boundary dispute.&#8221; Downing Street \u306f\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u5b98\u90b8\u306e\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff08\u5834\u6240\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u4e0a\u3001\u901a\u308a\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u58f0\u660e\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8fd1\u63a5\u6027\u306e\u539f\u7406\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u5c45\u4f4f\u30fb\u57f7\u52d9\u3059\u308b\u300c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u30fb\u9996\u76f8\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3078\u306e\u63db\u79f0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The brilliant violin captivated the audience with its haunting rendition of the classical sonata.&#8221; violin\uff08\u697d\u5668\uff1a\u9053\u5177\uff09\u304c\u6f14\u594f\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8074\u8846\u3092\u9b45\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u3002\u9053\u5177\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u305d\u306e\u6f14\u594f\u4e3b\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u5353\u8d8a\u3057\u305f\u30d0\u30a4\u30aa\u30ea\u30f3\u594f\u8005\u300d\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u9053\u5177\u30fc\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The press relentlessly interrogated the corporate spokesperson about the catastrophic environmental spill.&#8221; press\uff08\u5370\u5237\u6a5f\uff1a\u9053\u5177\uff09\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u767a\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u300c\u5831\u9053\u6a5f\u95a2\u30fb\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u305f\u3061\u300d\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Hollywood has increasingly relied on formulaic superhero franchises to guarantee global box-office revenues.&#8221; Hollywood \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ab\u30ea\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30cb\u30a2\u5dde\u306e\u4e00\u5730\u533a\uff08\u5834\u6240\uff09\u304c\u3001\u6620\u753b\u5236\u4f5c\u306e\u610f\u5fd7\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e3b\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u636e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5730\u7406\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u305b\u305a\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u96c6\u7a4d\u3059\u308b\u300c\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u6620\u753b\u7523\u696d\u30fb\u5927\u624b\u5236\u4f5c\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u7fa4\u300d\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u6240\u30fc\u7523\u696d\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u8fd1\u63a5\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u5168\u4f53\u30fb\u90e8\u5206\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b7\u30cd\u30af\u30c9\u30ad\uff08\u63d0\u55a9\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u9593\u306e\u5305\u6442\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08inclusion\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u610f\u5473\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3059\u5834\u5408\uff08category for species \/ part for whole\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3001\u300c\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u6307\u3059\u5834\u5408\uff08species for category \/ whole for part\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4e8c\u65b9\u5411\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b &#8220;give us this day our daily bread&#8221; \u306e bread\uff08\u30d1\u30f3\uff1a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u30fb\u7279\u5b9a\u98df\u7ce7\uff09\u304c\u300c\u65e5\u3005\u306e\u7ce7\u30fb\u98df\u7269\u5168\u822c\uff08\u5168\u4f53\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3067\u751f\u5b58\u306b\u76f4\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u9855\u8457\u306a\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u9bae\u3084\u304b\u306b\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u300c\u7a2e\uff08species\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5c5e\uff08genus\uff09\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u8ad6\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5177\u8c61\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5178\u578b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u306e\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u307b\u3050\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u666e\u904d\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5305\u6442\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63d0\u55a9\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u4f4d\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\uff08\u5168\u4f53\uff09\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u5185\u5305\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e0b\u4f4d\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u306e\u5305\u6442\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u968e\u5c64\u56f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u610f\u8b58\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u4f8b\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The humanitarian mission desperately requires more boots on the ground to distribute medical supplies effectively.&#8221; boots\uff08\u9577\u9774\uff1a\u5175\u58eb\u30fb\u8981\u54e1\u306e\u88c5\u5099\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\uff09\u304c\u3001\u904e\u9177\u306a\u73fe\u5834\u3067\u76f4\u63a5\u884c\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u300c\u5730\u4e0a\u90e8\u968a\u30fb\u5b9f\u52d5\u4eba\u54e1\u5168\u4f53\u300d\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u88c5\u5099\u306e\u9855\u8457\u306a\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u673a\u4e0a\u306e\u7a7a\u8ad6\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u73fe\u5834\u306e\u4eba\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u4f53\u6027\u3092\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;He worked tirelessly from dawn to dusk merely to earn his daily bread.&#8221; bread\uff08\u4e3b\u98df\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\uff09\u304c\u3001\u751f\u547d\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\u98df\u7269\u5168\u822c\u300d\u3072\u3044\u3066\u306f\u300c\u751f\u8a08\u30fb\u751f\u6d3b\u624b\u6bb5\u5168\u4f53\u300d\u3092\u63db\u79f0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;Society must extend protection to the roofless during the coldest months of winter.&#8221; the roofless\uff08\u5c4b\u6839\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u8005\u305f\u3061\uff1a\u4f4f\u5c45\u306e\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u6b20\u5982\uff09\u304c\u3001\u300c\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u30ec\u30b9\u30fb\u4f4f\u5c45\u3092\u55aa\u5931\u3057\u305f\u56f0\u7aae\u8005\u5168\u4f53\u300d\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u8c61\u5fb4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5c4b\u6839\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u63d0\u55a9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The judicial system is designed to bring the law to bear upon those who violate the social contract.&#8221; the law\uff08\u6cd5\uff1a\u5236\u5ea6\u5168\u4f53\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u300c\u6cd5\u57f7\u884c\u5b98\u30fb\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u30fb\u8b66\u5bdf\u6a29\u529b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u8a9e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u51e6\u7f70\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u6cd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5a01\u53b3\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u3068\u3057\u305f\u516c\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8c61\u5fb4\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5305\u6442\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63d0\u55a9\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u3068\u62bd\u8c61\u304c\u4ea4\u932f\u3059\u308b\u8c61\u5fb4\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff08\u30ec\u30ad\u30b7\u30ab\u30eb\u30fb\u30c1\u30a7\u30a4\u30f3\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6587\u8108\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u6c7a\u307e\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u3084\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5f35\u308a\u5de1\u3089\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\uff08lexical cohesion\uff09\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u7dad\u6301\u30fb\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff08\u30ec\u30ad\u30b7\u30ab\u30eb\u30fb\u30c1\u30a7\u30a4\u30f3\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u4e0b\u4f4d\u8a9e\u304c\u7cf8\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7d21\u304e\u5408\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306f\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u307e\u3068\u307e\u308a\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u9023\u9396\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u305d\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u7acb\u8a3c\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u306e\u9023\u9396\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u57f7\u7b46\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u512a\u308c\u305f\u66f8\u304d\u624b\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u5358\u8abf\u306a\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u5fcc\u907f\u3057\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3078\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff08paraphrase\uff09\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5305\u62ec\uff08hypernymy\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u306e\u63d0\u793a\uff08antonymy\uff09\u3092\u99c6\u4f7f\u3057\u3066\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u4ea4\u66ff\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u7570\u306a\u308b\u89d2\u5ea6\u304b\u3089\u7167\u3089\u3057\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u6df1\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u610f\u56f3\u304c\u50cd\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u306b\u6563\u3089\u3070\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u610f\u5473\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u540c\u7fa9\u3001\u5305\u6442\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\uff09\u3067\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3068\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u8ad6\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6587\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8a71\u984c\u304c\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u932f\u899a\u3057\u3001\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u6027\u304c\u5206\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3092\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3057\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u306a\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u3068\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u985e\u4f3c\u6027\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u9593\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u5225\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u305f\u540c\u7fa9\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u7269\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3078\u5f15\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u306a\u3059\u53cd\u610f\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9023\u9396\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u4e00\u672c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\uff08\u7cf8\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The government announced the imposition of sweeping economic sanctions. These punitive measures were immediately condemned by foreign diplomats, who argued that such trade restrictions would devastate vulnerable civilian populations. Ultimately, the embargo failed to achieve its strategic objectives.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sanctions\uff08\u5236\u88c1\uff09\u2192 punitive measures\uff08\u61f2\u7f70\u7684\u63aa\u7f6e\uff1a\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff09\u2192 trade restrictions\uff08\u8cbf\u6613\u5236\u9650\uff1a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u3088\u308b\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff09\u2192 the embargo\uff08\u901a\u5546\u505c\u6b62\uff1a\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u63db\u79f0\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7dfb\u5bc6\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u63aa\u7f6e\u3092\u7570\u306a\u308b\u89d2\u5ea6\u304b\u3089\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Global biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate. The rapid extinction of vertebrate species represents only the most visible symptom of this crisis. Unless we protect threatened fauna and flora, the entire ecological equilibrium will collapse.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">biodiversity\uff08\u751f\u7269\u591a\u69d8\u6027\uff09\u2192 vertebrate species\uff08\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u7a2e\uff1a\u4e0b\u4f4d\u8a9e\uff09\u2192 threatened fauna and flora\uff08\u7d76\u6ec5\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u306b\u7015\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u690d\u7269\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u63db\u79f0\uff09\u2192 ecological equilibrium\uff08\u751f\u614b\u5b66\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff1a\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\uff09\u3078\u3068\u9023\u9396\u304c\u63a8\u79fb\u3057\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u7d76\u6ec5\u304b\u3089\u5168\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3078\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u304c\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The classical liberal paradigm celebrated individual autonomy and free enterprise; in stark contrast, the socialist critique emphasized collective solidarity and centralized economic planning.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">autonomy \u3068 solidarity\u3001free enterprise \u3068 centralized planning \u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The pharmaceutical corporation developed a novel vaccine for the virus. The company claimed the therapy was safe. However, critics questioned the treatment&#8217;s efficacy.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The corporation \u3068 The company\uff08\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff09\u3001vaccine \u3068 therapy \u3068 treatment\uff08\u533b\u7642\u6280\u8853\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff09\u304c\u5e73\u884c\u3057\u3066\u9023\u9396\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5225\u3005\u306e\u85ac\u3084\u5225\u3005\u306e\u4f1a\u793e\u306e\u8a71\u3068\u8aa4\u8aad\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u8a9e\u5f59\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u7acb\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u3084\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff08\u30ec\u30ad\u30b7\u30ab\u30eb\u30fb\u30c1\u30a7\u30a4\u30f3\uff09\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u304c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u7d50\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3042\u308b\u6587\u306e\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306b\u3042\u308b\u65e2\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e0b\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u63a8\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5f53\u3066\u63a8\u91cf\u3092\u5f04\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u3069\u3053\u306b\u7d50\u7bc0\u70b9\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u610f\u5473\u306f\u539f\u7406\u7684\u306b\u4e00\u3064\u3057\u304b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u53cd\u8a3c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u5f59\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u7acb\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6587\u304b\u3089\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9023\u9396\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u5360\u3081\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u5148\u884c\u8a9e\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u53cd\u5fa9\u304b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u304b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u7dcf\u62ec\u304b\uff09\u3092\u6587\u8108\u6a19\u8b58\uff08\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u51a0\u8a5e\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u304b\u3089\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u305f\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The dictator ruled the country through brutal coercion and terror. His successor, however, rejected such draconian methods, adopting a policy of consensus and conciliation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u306e coercion and terror\uff08\u6291\u5727\u3068\u6050\u6016\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9023\u9396\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u6587\u3067\u306f rejected such \uff3bdraconian\uff3d methods\uff08\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\uff3b\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\uff3d\u306a\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u62d2\u7d76\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002such \u304c\u5148\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u6307\u793a\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001draconian \u306f\u300c\u6291\u5727\u3068\u6050\u6016\u306b\u6e80\u3061\u305f\u3001\u904e\u9177\u306a\u3001\u82db\u70c8\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7acb\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The ancient philosopher advocated an austere lifestyle, deliberately eschewing all forms of luxury, indulgence, and sensual pleasure.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">eschewing \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b luxury, indulgence, sensual pleasure\uff08\u8d05\u6ca2\u3001\u653e\u7e26\u3001\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u5feb\u697d\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u9023\u9396\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c austere\uff08\u7981\u6b32\u7684\u306a\uff09\u751f\u6d3b\u3092\u63d0\u5531\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7981\u6b32\u3068\u5feb\u697d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u3001eschewing \u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5feb\u697d\u3092\u300c\u907f\u3051\u308b\u3001\u9060\u3056\u3051\u308b\u3001\u81ea\u5236\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u4ee5\u5916\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;While early astronomers clung to the geocentric dogma that the earth was the immobile center of the cosmos, Galileo championed the heliocentric heresy that the earth was merely one of many celestial bodies revolving around the sun.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">geocentric\uff08\u5929\u52d5\u8aac\u306e\uff09\u3068 heliocentric\uff08\u5730\u52d5\u8aac\u306e\uff09\u3001dogma\uff08\u30c9\u30b0\u30de\u30fb\u6b63\u7d71\u6559\u7fa9\uff09\u3068 heresy\uff08\u7570\u7aef\uff09\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6559\u7fa9\u3068\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001heresy \u304c\u300c\u7570\u7aef\u3001\u6b63\u7d71\u306b\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u8aac\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u7acb\u8a3c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The company&#8217;s marketing strategy was characterized by complete dissimulation; they concealed product defects, falsified safety records, and feigned complete ignorance when questioned by regulators.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b concealed\uff08\u96a0\u853d\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3001falsified\uff08\u6539\u3056\u3093\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3001feigned ignorance\uff08\u7121\u77e5\u3092\u88c5\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e09\u3064\u306e\u6b3a\u779e\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u9023\u9396\u304c\u4e26\u5217\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u9023\u9396\u3092\u7d71\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001dissimulation \u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u4e09\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u300c\u96a0\u853d\u3001\u507d\u88c5\u3001\u30da\u30c6\u30f3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62c5\u308f\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u7d50\u7bc0\u70b9\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u7acb\u8a3c\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u8a08\u753b\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3068\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5275\u767a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u7bc4\u7587\uff08\u4eba\u9593\u3001\u7121\u751f\u7269\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u7121\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3001\u76f8\u5bb9\u308c\u306a\u3044\u8a9e\u540c\u58eb\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u610f\u5473\u304c\u7206\u767a\u7684\u306b\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u8a08\u753b\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\uff08calculated violation of selectional restrictions\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u4e00\u6d41\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u624b\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308a\u304d\u305f\u308a\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u6253\u7834\u3057\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u3092\u9bae\u70c8\u306b\u6d6e\u304d\u5f6b\u308a\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\uff08category mistake\uff09\u3092\u6226\u7565\u7684\u306b\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u5275\u767a\u306e\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u77db\u76fe\u5f62\u5bb9\uff08\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30e2\u30ed\u30f3\uff09\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u8aad\u6cd5\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\uff08\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30df\u30b9\u30c6\u30a4\u30af\uff09\u304c\u4fc3\u3059\u8ee2\u7fa9\u89e3\u91c8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u306f\u6b63\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u306f\u300c\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u300d\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u7121\u5f62\u306e\u601d\u60f3\u3092\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5207\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3001\u6c88\u9ed9\u304c\u91cd\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3064\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u8133\u5185\u3067\u306f\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u62d2\u7d76\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u62d2\u7d76\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8aad\u66f8\u304c\u505c\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u4f53\u7cfb\u306f\u6587\u8108\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u9ad8\u6b21\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5275\u767a\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u99c6\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u5177\u8c61\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7279\u6027\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5bfe\u8c61\u3078\u3068\u79fb\u3057\u66ff\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u306f\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u300c\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\u3092\u598a\u5a20\u3059\u308b\uff08conceive an idea\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u5408\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u6b96\u306e\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u601d\u8003\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\u304c\u6642\u9593\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3066\u5fc3\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u80b2\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5275\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5275\u767a\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8aa4\u690d\u3084\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u60aa\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5207\u308a\u6368\u3066\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u304b\u3089\u5275\u767a\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3068\u9805\u306e\u9593\u306b\u751f\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7d20\u6027\u306e\u885d\u7a81\uff08\uff3b\uff0b\u6709\u751f\u6027\uff3d\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u306b\uff3b\u2212\u6709\u751f\u6027\uff3d\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u89e3\u6d88\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5177\u8c61\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\uff08\u6301\u7d9a\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3001\u7834\u58ca\u529b\u3001\u4fb5\u98df\u6027\u7b49\uff09\u306e\u307f\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u878d\u5408\u3055\u305b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5275\u51fa\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The insidious propaganda poisoned the public discourse, transforming reasonable disagreement into toxic partisan hatred.&#8221; \u52d5\u8a5e poison\uff08\u6bd2\u3092\u76db\u308b\uff09\u306f\u751f\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u30fb\u81f4\u6b7b\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u6295\u4e0e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306f public discourse\uff08\u516c\u5171\u306e\u5bfe\u8a71\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6bd2\u304c\u6301\u3064\u300c\u77e5\u3089\u306c\u9593\u306b\u6d78\u900f\u3057\u3001\u5185\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u9ebb\u75fa\u3055\u305b\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8150\u6557\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u8a71\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u5065\u5168\u6027\u3092\u6839\u672c\u304b\u3089\u7834\u58ca\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5275\u767a\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The long-standing architectural tradition ossified into a set of rigid, unreflective dogmas.&#8221; \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e ossify\uff08\u9aa8\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3001\u5316\u77f3\u5316\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306f\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u9aa8\u5f62\u6210\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u4f1d\u7d71\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3092\u5931\u3044\u786c\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u74b0\u5883\u9069\u5fdc\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u55aa\u5931\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9aa8\u5316\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3001\u4f1d\u7d71\u306e\u300c\u5f62\u9ab8\u5316\u30fb\u786c\u76f4\u5316\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ee2\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;His sharp theoretical critique punctured the balloon of corporate self-congratulation.&#8221; \u52d5\u8a5e puncture\uff08\u91dd\u3067\u7a74\u3092\u958b\u3051\u308b\uff09\u3068 balloon\uff08\u6c17\u7403\uff09\u304c\u3001corporate self-congratulation\uff08\u4f01\u696d\u306e\u81ea\u5df1\u8cdb\u7f8e\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u98a8\u8239\u304c\u7834\u88c2\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6c17\u304c\u629c\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u899a\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u306e\u8a87\u5927\u5984\u60f3\u7684\u306a\u81ea\u753b\u81ea\u8cdb\u3092\u4e00\u6483\u3067\u7121\u529b\u5316\u3057\u5b9f\u614b\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u3055\u3092\u66b4\u9732\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u75db\u5feb\u306a\u8ad6\u99c1\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The emerging technology will cannibalize the company&#8217;s existing product lines.&#8221; cannibalize\uff08\u5171\u98df\u3044\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306f\u672c\u6765\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u3084\u52d5\u7269\u304c\u540c\u7a2e\u3092\u98df\u6bba\u3059\u308b\u6b8b\u8650\u306a\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u4f01\u696d\u304c\u81ea\u793e\u306e\u65e2\u5b58\u88fd\u54c1\u3092\u98df\u3044\u7269\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u304b\u3089\u3001\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u304c\u81ea\u793e\u306e\u65e2\u5b58\u88fd\u54c1\u306e\u5e02\u5834\u30b7\u30a7\u30a2\u3092\u6d78\u98df\u30fb\u6dd8\u6c70\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u8ad6\u8aac\u7279\u6709\u306e\u5f37\u70c8\u306a\u5275\u767a\u7fa9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u89e3\u8aad\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5275\u767a\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u77db\u76fe\u5f62\u5bb9\uff08\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30e2\u30ed\u30f3\uff09\u3068\u9006\u8aac\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u8aad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u76f8\u5bb9\u308c\u306a\u3044\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u3042\u3048\u3066\u96a3\u63a5\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u4fee\u8f9e\u6cd5\u3092\u3001\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30e2\u30ed\u30f3\uff08oxymoron: \u649e\u7740\u8a9e\u6cd5\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\uff08\u4f8b\uff1adeafening silence, cruel kindness, open secret\uff09\u3002\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u306b\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff08\\(\\text{A and not-A}\\)\uff09\u3092\u5448\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u307f\u306b\u983c\u308b\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3092\u30ca\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9000\u3051\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30e2\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3067\u306f\u6349\u3048\u304d\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300c\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u591a\u9762\u6027\u300d\u300c\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u306e\u4e8c\u9762\u6027\u300d\u300c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u9006\u8aac\u300d\u3092\u6975\u9650\u306e\u7dca\u5f35\u611f\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6c88\u9ed9\u304c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u97f3\u6ce2\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u300c\u8033\u3092\u5f04\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3069\u306e\u6c88\u9ed9\uff08deafening silence\uff09\u300d\u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u306f\u6c88\u9ed9\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u767a\u3059\u308b\u5727\u5012\u7684\u306a\u5b58\u5728\u611f\u3084\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u5727\u529b\u304c\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6b21\u5143\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u89e3\u4f53\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u89e3\u8aad\u306e\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30e2\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u9006\u8aac\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u4f53\u30fb\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u8a9e\uff08\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3068\u88ab\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u526f\u8a5e\uff09\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e8c\u8a9e\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u300d\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u5916\u9762\u7684\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u5185\u9762\u7684\u30fb\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u591a\u5c64\u6027\u3092\u4eee\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u9006\u8aac\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u96a0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6df1\u5c64\u306e\u771f\u7406\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The diplomatic conference concluded with a deafening silence regarding the urgent issue of territorial sovereignty.&#8221; deafening\uff08\u8033\u3092\u3064\u3093\u3056\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306a\uff1a\u9a12\u97f3\uff09\u3068 silence\uff08\u6c88\u9ed9\uff1a\u7121\u97f3\uff09\u306e\u649e\u7740\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5916\u9762\u7684\u306a\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u4e00\u8a00\u3082\u767a\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff08silence\uff09\u304c\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6c88\u9ed9\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u9818\u571f\u554f\u984c\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u3055\u3092\u6975\u3081\u3066\u96c4\u5f01\u306b\u7269\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08deafening\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The implementation of algorithmic governance represents a form of benevolent tyranny, in which citizens are gently nudged toward pre-programmed behaviors.&#8221; benevolent\uff08\u6148\u60b2\u6df1\u3044\uff09\u3068 tyranny\uff08\u66b4\u653f\u30fb\u5727\u653f\uff09\u306e\u77db\u76fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u610f\u56f3\u3084\u52d5\u6a5f\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u5e02\u6c11\u306e\u5e78\u798f\u3092\u5fd7\u5411\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08benevolent\uff09\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u306e\u5265\u596a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u5168\u4f53\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u652f\u914d\uff08tyranny\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u8fd1\u4ee3\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u652f\u914d\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u9006\u8aac\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The witness gave his testimony with conspicuous hesitation, casting doubt on the veracity of his statement.&#8221; conspicuous\uff08\u6975\u3081\u3066\u76ee\u7acb\u3064\uff09\u3068 hesitation\uff08\u305f\u3081\u3089\u3044\u30fb\u8e8a\u8e87\uff09\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6c88\u9ed9\u3084\u8a00\u3044\u6dc0\u307f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6d88\u6975\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u304c\u3001\u304b\u3048\u3063\u3066\u5c0b\u554f\u8005\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u3092\u5f37\u70c8\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The digital archive offers an accessible obscurity, where billions of documents exist online yet remain effectively undiscovered by human eyes.&#8221; accessible\uff08\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u53ef\u80fd\uff09\u3068 obscurity\uff08\u7121\u540d\u30fb\u66d6\u6627\u30fb\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\uff09\u306e\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30e2\u30ed\u30f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306e\u8aa4\u7528\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u691c\u7d22\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6280\u8853\u7684\u6b21\u5143\uff08accessible\uff09\u3068\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u904e\u591a\u306e\u6d77\u306b\u57cb\u6ca1\u3057\u3066\u8ab0\u306b\u3082\u8aad\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u614b\u7684\u6b21\u5143\uff08obscurity\uff09\u3092\u9bae\u3084\u304b\u306b\u63cf\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u73fe\u4ee3\u60c5\u5831\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u92ed\u3044\u6279\u8a55\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u77db\u76fe\u5f62\u5bb9\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u5206\u96e2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u4fee\u8f9e\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\uff08\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c1\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb\u30fb\u30b7\u30ce\u30cb\u30df\u30c6\u30a3\uff09\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u306b\u306f\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63b2\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5168\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\uff08\u7b49\u4fa1\u7269\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\uff08contextual synonymy\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\u304c\u3001\u4e21\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u6d88\u53bb\u3057\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u62c5\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b49\u4fa1\u3068\u306a\u308b\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7acb\u8a3c\u6cd5\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u7570\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u8108\u3067\u7b49\u4fa1\u3068\u306a\u308b\u539f\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u306a\u305c\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u6301\u3064\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u610f\u5473\u7d20\u6027\u306e\u3046\u3061\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e00\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u307f\u300d\u304c\u9078\u629e\u7684\u306b\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e2d\u548c\uff08neutralization\uff09\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u6297\u751f\u7269\u8cea\uff08antibiotic\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5175\u5668\uff08weapon\uff09\u300d\u306f\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u306b\u306f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u300c\u75c5\u539f\u83cc\u306e\u6bb2\u6ec5\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ecd\u4e8b\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306b\u652f\u914d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u75c5\u539f\u83cc\u3092\u653b\u6483\u3059\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u8ef8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4ea4\u66ff\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3092\u5225\u500b\u306e\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u8ff7\u8d70\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u932f\u899a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u5f62\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3066\u53cd\u5fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u529b\u306f\u3001\u96e3\u95a2\u5927\u5165\u8a66\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u554f\u984c\u3084\u8981\u7d04\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306e\u6b66\u5668\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u547c\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5225\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\uff09\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u652f\u914d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u8ef8\uff08\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u68da\u4e0a\u3052\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u8ef8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The judicial system must rigorously protect the whistleblowers. These courageous dissenters serve as an indispensable safeguard against institutional corruption.&#8221; the whistleblowers\uff08\u5185\u90e8\u544a\u767a\u8005\u305f\u3061\uff09\u3068 These courageous dissenters\uff08\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u52c7\u6562\u306a\u7570\u8ad6\u8005\u305f\u3061\uff09\u304c\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u4e0d\u6b63\u3092\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u901a\u5831\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u544a\u767a\u8005\u304c\u7570\u8ad6\u8005\u306e\u5178\u578b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7b49\u4fa1\u306b\u6271\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The desert ecosystem relies heavily on intermittent rainfall. This sporadic precipitation triggers immediate seed germination across the arid plateau.&#8221; intermittent rainfall\uff08\u65ad\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u964d\u96e8\uff09\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u3067 sporadic precipitation\uff08\u6563\u767a\u7684\u306a\u964d\u6c34\uff09\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6c17\u8c61\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u6642\u9593\u7684\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u6027\u3068\u6c34\u5206\u88dc\u7d66\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u8ef8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b49\u4fa1\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The ancient text was scrutinized by paleographers for any sign of interpolation. Detecting such unauthorized insertions was essential to establishing the manuscript&#8217;s authenticity.&#8221; interpolation\uff08\u5185\u633f\u3001\u6539\u7ac4\uff09\u3068 unauthorized insertions\uff08\u4e0d\u6b63\u306a\u633f\u5165\u7b87\u6240\uff09\u304c\u7b49\u4fa1\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u539f\u672c\u306b\u306a\u3044\u6587\u8a00\u304c\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u4ed8\u3051\u52a0\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e21\u8a9e\u304c\u4e2d\u548c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The committee condemned the executive&#8217;s unilateral decision as an act of pure hubris. Such arrogance, they argued, inevitably blinds leadership to existential risks.&#8221; hubris\uff08\u30ae\u30ea\u30b7\u30e3\u60b2\u5287\u7684\u306a\u50b2\u6162\u30fb\u4e0d\u905c\uff09\u304c arrogance\uff08\u50b2\u6162\uff09\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7279\u6b8a\u8a9e\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u6027\u683c\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u8ef8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u306b\u7b49\u4fa1\u3068\u306a\u308b\u539f\u7406\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3042\u308b\u8a9e\u304c\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff08contextual substitution test\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7591\u308f\u3057\u3044\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8a9e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f\u305d\u306e\u9006\uff09\u3092\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3066\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u771f\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u5909\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u4ee3\u5165\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6587\u8108\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u304c\u5411\u4e0a\u3059\u308b\u304b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u305d\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u7fd2\u6163\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u66f8\u304d\u624b\u306e\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u30d1\u30e9\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ff7\u3044\u306a\u304f\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u554f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u300c\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3092\u78ba\u4fe1\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u3067\u540c\u7fa9\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3068\u63a8\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\\(\\text{A}\\)\u3068\\(\\text{B}\\)\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u53e5\\(\\text{B}\\)\u304c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u6587\u304b\u3089\\(\\text{B}\\)\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u629c\u304d\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u8a9e\u53e5\\(\\text{A}\\)\u3092\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4ee3\u5165\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u3092\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u306b\u4e00\u5207\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u304c\u751f\u3058\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7834\u7dbb\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The government attempted to quell the escalating civil unrest. However, suppressing the popular demonstrations proved far more difficult than the military had anticipated.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62bd\u51fa\uff1a\\(\\text{A = quell the escalating civil unrest}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{B = suppressing the popular demonstrations}\\)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff1aHowever, [quelling the escalating civil unrest] proved far more difficult&#8230; \u4ee3\u5165\u5f8c\u3082\u6587\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56e0\u679c\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u4e00\u5207\u306e\u4e71\u308c\u304c\u751f\u3058\u306a\u3044\u3002quell \u3068 suppress\u3001civil unrest \u3068 popular demonstrations \u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The candidate&#8217;s ambiguous statements alienated independent voters. This equivocal stance on healthcare reform cost him the election.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62bd\u51fa\uff1a\\(\\text{A = ambiguous statements}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{B = equivocal stance}\\)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff1aThis [ambiguous statement] on healthcare reform cost him&#8230; \u4ee3\u5165\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u6fc1\u3057\u305f\u614b\u5ea6\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u304c\u691c\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5931\u7b56\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The new algorithm optimizes memory allocation in real time. This efficient utilization of computational resources allows the device to operate with minimal battery consumption.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62bd\u51fa\uff1a\\(\\text{A = optimizes memory allocation}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{B = efficient utilization of computational resources}\\)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff1aThis [optimizing of memory allocation] allows the device to operate&#8230; \u4ee3\u5165\u304c\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u6700\u9069\u5316\u304c\u8a08\u7b97\u8cc7\u6e90\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u5229\u7528\u306e\u4e0a\u4f4d\u63db\u79f0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7acb\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The diplomat was renowned for his extraordinary discretion in sensitive negotiations. Such prudence was indispensable during the nuclear crisis.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u62bd\u51fa\uff1a\\(\\text{A = discretion}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{B = prudence}\\)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff1aSuch [discretion] was indispensable&#8230; \u4ee3\u5165\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u79d8\u5bc6\u3092\u5b88\u308a\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u884c\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u601d\u616e\u6df1\u3055\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u7f8e\u5fb3\u304c\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7f6e\u63db\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8de8\u3044\u3067\u7d99\u627f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u904b\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16. \u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\uff08\u30bb\u30de\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\uff09\u306e\u5883\u754c\u78ba\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\uff08\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u8a9e\uff09\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3069\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u3076\u304b\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u611f\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5404\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\uff08distinctive features\uff09\u3068\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u306e\u5883\u754c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u7d71\u5236\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa4\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u6587\u8108\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6975\u6027\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff11. \u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa4\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u306e\u62bd\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f9e\u66f8\u3067\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8a33\u8a9e\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa4\uff08\u4f8b\uff1afamous, renowned, notorious, infamous \/ error, mistake, flaw, defect\uff09\u306f\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5dee\u5225\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3002\u69cb\u9020\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\uff08semantic field\uff09\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08opposition\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5404\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u300c\u516c\u7684\u304b\u79c1\u7684\u304b\u300d\u300c\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u306b\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u304b\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u304b\u300d\u300c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u304b\u904e\u5931\u304b\u300d\u300c\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u304b\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u7684\u306a\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\uff08semantic features\uff09\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001notorious \u3068 famous \u306f\u3068\u3082\u306b\u5e83\u304f\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30c7\u30ce\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u524d\u8005\u306f\uff3b\uff0b\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\uff3d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5f8c\u8005\u3068\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5883\u754c\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u304c\u3001\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u3084\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306a\u548c\u8a33\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5206\u6790\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa4\u304b\u3089\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u610f\u5473\u5883\u754c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8907\u6570\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u306b\u96c6\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u5f01\u5225\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u8ef8\uff08\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30eb\u5ea6\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u4fa1\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u6027\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u6027\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u8a9e\u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8ef8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5e2f\u3073\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7279\u5fb4\u8a18\u53f7\uff08\uff3b\uff0b\uff3d\u307e\u305f\u306f\uff3b\u2212\uff3d\uff09\u3092\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5ea7\u6a19\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u8aa4\u308a\u3092\u8868\u3059\u540d\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mistake:\uff3b\u2212\u516c\u5f0f\u6027\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u904e\u5931\u7684\uff3d\uff08\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u3046\u3063\u304b\u308a\u30df\u30b9\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>error:\uff3b\uff0b\u516c\u5f0f\u6027\u30fb\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9038\u8131\uff3d\uff08\u7d71\u8a08\u3084\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u4e0a\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>flaw:\uff3b\uff0b\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u30fb\u5185\u5728\u7684\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u306e\u963b\u5bb3\uff3d\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u3084\u88fd\u54c1\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u6b20\u9665\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>defect:\uff3b\uff0b\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\uff3d\uff08\u6a5f\u68b0\u3084\u8eab\u4f53\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u3092\u62db\u304f\u6b20\u640d\uff09&#8221;The theoretical argument suffered from a fatal flaw that rendered its mathematical conclusions invalid.&#8221; \u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u5185\u5728\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u304c\u8ad6\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001mistake \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f flaw \u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6e1b\u5c11\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>decrease:\uff3b\uff0b\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6570\u5024\u5909\u5316\uff3d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>diminish:\uff3b\uff0b\u4fa1\u5024\u30fb\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u306e\u55aa\u5931\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u6f38\u9032\u6027\uff3d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dwindle:\uff3b\uff0b\u6975\u5c0f\u5316\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u6d88\u6ec5\u3078\u306e\u63a5\u8fd1\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u67af\u6e07\uff3d&#8221;As the drought persisted, the remote village&#8217;s water reserves dwindled to a precarious trickle.&#8221; \u5358\u306b\u6e1b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u304d\u67af\u6e07\u5bf8\u524d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u5c0f\u5316\u306e\u7d20\u6027\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081 dwindle \u304c\u7cbe\u78ba\u306b\u9078\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u6709\u540d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>famous:\uff3b\uff0b\u5e83\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\uff3d\uff3b\u00b1\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\uff3d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>renowned:\uff3b\uff0b\u5353\u8d8a\u3057\u305f\u696d\u7e3e\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u9ad8\u3044\u656c\u610f\u30fb\u79f0\u8cdb\uff3d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>notorious:\uff3b\uff0b\u5e83\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\uff3d\uff3b\u2212\u5f37\u3044\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u9053\u5fb3\u8a55\u4fa1\uff3d&#8221;The criminal syndicate was notorious for its sophisticated money laundering operations.&#8221; \u72af\u7f6a\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u5ea6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001renowned \u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057 notorious \u306e\u307f\u304c\u502b\u7406\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u5909\u5316\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u7fa4\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>change:\uff3b\uff0b\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u6c4e\u7528\u6027\uff3d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>alter:\uff3b\uff0b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4fee\u6b63\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u5916\u898b\u30fb\u5c5e\u6027\u306e\u5909\u5316\uff3d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>transform:\uff3b\uff0b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u30fb\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u8ee2\u63db\uff3d\uff3b\uff0b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5909\u5bb9\uff3d&#8221;The technological breakthrough transformed the entire geopolitical landscape.&#8221; \u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u4e00\u90e8\u4fee\u6b63\uff08alter\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5730\u653f\u5b66\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6839\u5e95\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u304b\u3089 transform \u304c\u8981\u8acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u7fa4\u306e\u793a\u5dee\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u904b\u7528\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff12. \u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6975\u6027\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u300c\u6975\u6027\uff08\u30dd\u30b8\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u304b\u30cd\u30ac\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u304b\uff09\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5f37\u5ea6\uff08\u5fae\u5f31\u304b\u5f37\u5927\u304b\uff09\u300d\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u304c\u5f37\u70c8\u306a\u5371\u6a5f\u611f\u3092\u8a34\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u306b\u3001\u751f\u306c\u308b\u3044\u5fae\u5f31\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u3042\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3002\u9006\u306b\u3001\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u904e\u6fc0\u3067\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6587\u4f53\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u3068\u6c17\u5727\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6c17\u5727\u306b\u8010\u3048\u3046\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6975\u6027\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u6563\u308a\u3070\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u3092\u62fe\u3044\u4e0a\u3052\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6975\u6027\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u3055\u3084\u5f37\u8abf\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u6e2c\u308a\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\uff08\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6975\u6027\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u91e3\u308a\u5408\u3044\u306a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The collapse of the dam caused a minor inconvenience to the agricultural community, destroying all crops and leaving thousands homeless.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u5ea6\u3068\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u6469\u64e6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8fb2\u4f5c\u7269\u306e\u5168\u6ec5\u3068\u6570\u5343\u4eba\u306e\u907f\u96e3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7834\u6ec5\u7684\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6975\u5c0f\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u6301\u3064 minor inconvenience\uff08\u4e9b\u7d30\u306a\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff09\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u660e\u767d\u306a\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5f37\u70c8\u306a\u76ae\u8089\uff08\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\uff09\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8aa4\u7528\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3002\u771f\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\u306f catastrophic disaster \u306b\u5339\u6575\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The new diplomatic initiative brought about an incremental improvement in cross-border relations, slightly reducing the daily border skirmishes without resolving the core territorial dispute.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u5ea6\u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u30fb\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002slightly \u3084 without resolving \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f15\u304d\u4e0b\u3052\u306e\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3001incremental\uff08\u5fae\u5897\u7684\u306a\u3001\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u5b8c\u74a7\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The scientific committee expressed profound skepticism regarding the unverified claims made by the sensationalist media.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">profound\uff08\u6df1\u9060\u306a\u3001\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6df1\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u5927\u306a\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u3001skepticism\uff08\u61d0\u7591\uff09\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8ff7\u3044\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u6839\u5e95\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7591\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u304c\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The company suffered a microscopic decline in profits, forcing it to declare immediate bankruptcy.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5373\u6642\u7834\u7523\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6700\u5927\u7d1a\u306e\u7834\u6ec5\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001microscopic\uff08\u9855\u5fae\u93e1\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u5fae\u5c0f\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u5074\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3082\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u4e56\u96e2\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u7834\u7523\u306e\u771f\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u5225\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u8a87\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u6df1\u304f\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6975\u6027\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6587\u8108\u8981\u6c42\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5224\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17. \u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u610f\u5473\u5909\u5316\u306e\u75d5\u8de1\u3068\u5171\u6642\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4ea4\u932f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e00\u898b\u5947\u5999\u306a\u7528\u6cd5\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3082\u3001\u901a\u6642\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u5909\u5316\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u7d10\u89e3\u3051\u3070\u3001\u304b\u3064\u3066\u306e\u539f\u7fa9\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3084\u5b9a\u578b\u53e5\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6b8b\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u30fb\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u96d1\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u96e3\u95a2\u5927\u5b66\u304c\u597d\u3093\u3067\u51fa\u984c\u3059\u308b\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u30fb\u683c\u8abf\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u82f1\u8a9e\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3067\u306f\u6b6f\u304c\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u3044\u96e3\u6240\u3092\u7a81\u7834\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u53e4\u7fa9\u30fb\u539f\u7fa9\u304c\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u4ecb\u5165\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u304c\u66b4\u8d70\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u5171\u6642\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3067\u7d71\u5236\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff11. \u53e4\u7fa9\u30fb\u539f\u7fa9\u306e\u6b8b\u5b58\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u591a\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u89e3\u8aad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u3084\u53e4\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u539f\u7fa9\uff08\u30a8\u30c6\u30a3\u30e2\u30f3\uff09\u306b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u8fd1\u3044\u610f\u5473\u3067\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c\u6563\u898b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001prevent \u306f\u73fe\u4ee3\u3067\u306f\u300c\u59a8\u3052\u308b\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u306b\u306f\\(\\text{pre-\uff08\u524d\u306b\uff09\uff0b vent\uff08\u884c\u304f\uff09}\\)\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u300c\u5148\u3093\u3058\u308b\u3001\u5148\u56de\u308a\u3057\u3066\u624b\u914d\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u3002\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001casual \u306f\u300c\u5076\u7136\u306e\u3001\u601d\u3044\u304c\u3051\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u7fa9\uff08casus: \u843d\u4e0b\u3001\u5076\u7136\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\uff09\u304b\u3089\u300c\u304f\u3060\u3051\u305f\u300d\u3078\u3068\u5909\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u54f2\u5b66\u66f8\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u66f8\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u8ad6\u6587\u306a\u3069\u306e\u683c\u8abf\u9ad8\u3044\u6587\u8108\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u969b\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3060\u3051\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u306d\u3058\u66f2\u304c\u308b\u3002\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u610f\u5473\u5909\u5316\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u982d\u306b\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u683c\u8abf\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u53e4\u3044\u5730\u5c64\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6398\u308a\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e4\u7fa9\u30fb\u539f\u7fa9\u306e\u6b8b\u5b58\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u57f7\u7b46\u5e74\u4ee3\u3001\u6587\u4f53\u3001\u8457\u8005\u306e\u77e5\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u30fb\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u8a9e\u6cd5\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3046\u308b\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u969b\u306b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\uff08\u610f\u5473\u306e\u4e0d\u901a\uff09\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u63a5\u982d\u8f9e\u30fb\u8a9e\u6839\u30fb\u63a5\u5c3e\u8f9e\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3066\u539f\u7fa9\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u539f\u7fa9\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u30d1\u30ba\u30eb\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;In his philosophical treatise, the author argues that true wisdom consists in preventing error before it can take root.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">preventing \u3092\u300c\u59a8\u3052\u308b\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3082\u610f\u5473\u306f\u901a\u3058\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001before it can take root\uff08\u6839\u4ed8\u304f\u524d\u306b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f8c\u7d9a\u53e5\u3068\u306e\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u7167\u5408\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\u3001\u904e\u3061\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u300c\u5148\u56de\u308a\u3057\u3066\u624b\u3092\u6253\u3064\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u539f\u7fa9\uff08pre-vent\uff09\u304c\u8272\u6fc3\u304f\u53cd\u6620\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The judge emphasized that the contract was invalid because the party had signed it under duress, without proper deliberation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">deliberation \u3092\u300c\u719f\u8003\u300d\u3068\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3068\u3001\u8a9e\u6e90\u3067\u3042\u308b\\(\\text{de-\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\uff09\uff0b libra\uff08\u5929\u79e4\u30fb\u79e4\uff09}\\)\u304b\u3089\u304f\u308b\u300c\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u8861\u91cf\u3001\u5929\u79e4\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306e\u541f\u5473\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u7fa9\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u91cd\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The ancient historian recorded the casual events that shaped the destiny of the Roman republic.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">casual \u3092\u300c\u30ab\u30b8\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb\u306a\u3001\u666e\u6bb5\u7740\u306e\u3001\u6c17\u697d\u306a\u300d\u3068\u8aad\u3080\u3068\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u8aad\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u6e90\u306e\u5076\u7136\u6027\uff08by chance\uff09\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u305b\u3056\u308b\u300c\u5076\u767a\u7684\u306a\u300d\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304c\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3065\u3051\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53b3\u7c9b\u306a\u6b74\u53f2\u89b3\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The monarch promised to reduce the rebellious city to obedience by force of arms.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">reduce \u3092\u300c\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u3001\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91cf\u7684\u6e1b\u5c11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u90fd\u5e02\u3092\u670d\u5f93\u3078\u3068\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u6587\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u6e90\u3067\u3042\u308b\\(\\text{re-\uff08\u5f8c\u308d\u3078\uff09\uff0b duce\uff08\u5c0e\u304f\uff09}\\)\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3078\u3068\u5f15\u304d\u623b\u3059\u3001\u8ffd\u3044\u8fbc\u3080\u3001\u5909\u305c\u3057\u3081\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u69cb\u6587\uff08reduce A to B: A \u3092\u7121\u7406\u3084\u308a B \u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u3092\u6398\u308a\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6df1\u5c64\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff17.\uff12. \u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u3068\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u904b\u7528\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u6e90\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306f\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u6b66\u5668\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u6b69\u9593\u9055\u3048\u308b\u3068\u300c\u8a9e\u6e90\u306e\u8aa4\u8b2c\uff08etymological fallacy\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7f60\u306b\u8ee2\u843d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u771f\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u306b\u3057\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u601d\u3044\u8fbc\u307f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5931\u308f\u308c\u305f\u6b7b\u3093\u3060\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5f37\u5f15\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u904e\u8aa4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u6e90\u306f\u3042\u304f\u307e\u3067\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u88dc\u52a9\u7dda\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6a29\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u5171\u6642\u7684\uff08synchronic\uff09\u306a\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u3092\u5275\u9020\u7684\u306b\u50cd\u304b\u305b\u3064\u3064\u3082\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3068\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u76e3\u8996\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u5df1\u898f\u5f8b\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u3092\u5171\u6642\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3067\u898f\u5f8b\u3065\u3051\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u8a9e\u6e90\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\uff08\u6587\u578b\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u6027\uff09\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u53b3\u3057\u304f\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u727d\u5f37\u4ed8\u4f1a\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u5b8c\u4e86\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The novel&#8217;s plot was so intricate that it confounded even the most experienced literary critics.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">confound \u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u306f\\(\\text{con-\uff08\u5171\u306b\uff09\uff0b found\uff08\u6ce8\u3050\u3001\u6df7\u305c\u308b\uff09}\\)\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u6df7\u3056\u308a\u5408\u3063\u3066\u533a\u5225\u304c\u3064\u304b\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u9023\u60f3\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u82f1\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u300c\u5f53\u60d1\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u7fa9\u3078\u7740\u5730\u3055\u305b\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u8a9e\u6e90\u76f4\u8a33\u3092\u6392\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The scientific team developed an ingenious apparatus to test the hypothesis.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ingenious\uff08\u72ec\u5275\u7684\u306a\uff09\u3068 ingenuous\uff08\u7d14\u771f\u306a\uff09\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u3092\u3001\u8a9e\u6e90\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9632\u3050\u3002\u524d\u8005\u306f\\(\\text{in- \uff0b gignere\uff08\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3059\u624d\u80fd\uff09}\\)\u304b\u3089\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u751f\u307e\u308c\u306e\u826f\u3055\u304b\u3089\u6765\u308b\u7d14\u771f\u3055\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u6587\u8108\u304c\u6a5f\u68b0\u88c5\u7f6e\uff08apparatus\uff09\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u7d50\u6676\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u72ec\u5275\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The politician&#8217;s speech was full of platitudes that failed to inspire the disillusioned electorate.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">platitude \u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u306f\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306e plat\uff08\u5e73\u3089\u306a\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5e73\u5766\u3067\u51f9\u51f8\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u6e90\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u9673\u8150\u3067\u805e\u304d\u98fd\u304d\u305f\u300c\u5e73\u51e1\u306a\u6c7a\u307e\u308a\u6587\u53e5\u3001\u9673\u8150\u306a\u5e38\u5957\u53e5\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The company&#8217;s exorbitant prices were condemned by the consumer protection agency.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exorbitant \u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u306f\\(\\text{ex-\uff08\u5916\u3078\uff09\uff0b orbita\uff08\u8ecc\u9053\uff09}\\)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5916\u308c\u3066\u9038\u8131\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u4fa1\u683c\u304c\u5e38\u8ecc\u3092\u9038\u3057\u3066\u9ad8\u3059\u304e\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u975e\u96e3\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u306b\u8ecc\u9053\u3092\u5916\u308c\u305f\u3068\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u7d42\u308f\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u3092\u9632\u3050\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8a9e\u6e90\u9023\u60f3\u306e\u898f\u5f8b\u3042\u308b\u9069\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6df1\u307f\u3068\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u3092\u517c\u306d\u5099\u3048\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18. \u6587\u8108\u7684\u6975\u6027\uff08\u30dd\u30e9\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\uff09\u3068\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u304c\u5e2f\u3073\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u30fb\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u6975\u6027\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u304b\u5426\u5b9a\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7591\u554f\u3084\u6761\u4ef6\u304b\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u632f\u308b\u821e\u3044\u306f\u5287\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\u9805\u76ee\uff08NPI\uff09\u306e\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\uff08\u76ae\u8089\uff09\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u610f\u5473\u306e\u767e\u516b\u5341\u5ea6\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u6975\u6027\u306e\u529b\u5834\u306f\u8a9e\u8108\u306e\u5730\u6bbb\u5909\u52d5\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u30fb\u5236\u9650\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u53cd\u8a9e\u30fb\u76ae\u8089\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u53cd\u8ee2\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5224\u5b9a\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff11. \u5426\u5b9a\u30fb\u5236\u9650\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u5909\u5bb9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8a9e\u3084\u6210\u53e5\u306f\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\uff08not, no, never\uff09\u3084\u6e96\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\uff08hardly, scarcely, seldom, little\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u3084\u7591\u554f\u6587\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u975e\u80af\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306e\u307f\u3001\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6975\u6027\u611f\u53d7\u6027\uff08polarity sensitivity\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001lift a finger\uff08\u6307\u4e00\u672c\u52d5\u304b\u3059\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u3067\u306f\u7121\u610f\u5473\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306e\u52aa\u529b\u3092\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u3068\u5408\u4f53\u3057\u3066\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u4f55\u3082\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u70c8\u306a\u544a\u767a\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e bother \u3082\u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u3067\u306f\u300c\u60a9\u307e\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u4f7f\u5f79\u304c\u4e3b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\uff08don&#8217;t bother to do\uff09\u3067\u306f\u300c\u308f\u3056\u308f\u3056\u301c\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3078\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u3057\u306b\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6975\u6027\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u30fb\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u306e\u8ff0\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\uff08not\uff09\u3001\u6e96\u5426\u5b9a\u526f\u8a5e\uff08hardly \u7b49\uff09\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\uff08without\uff09\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6587\u982d\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u5236\u9650\u8a9e\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u6587\u306e\u6975\u6027\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u5185\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6163\u7528\u7fa9\u30fb\u5f37\u610f\u7fa9\u3092\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u3068\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u300c\u5c11\u3057\u3082\u301c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u300c\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u301c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u6027\u7279\u6709\u306e\u5408\u6210\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;During the entire crisis, the authoritarian government did not budge an inch regarding its controversial surveillance policy.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e not \u3068 budge an inch\uff08\u4e00\u30a4\u30f3\u30c1\u52d5\u304f\uff09\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u304b\u3089\u3001\u65b9\u91dd\u3084\u8981\u6c42\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u300c\u59a5\u5354\u3059\u308b\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u3092\u5fae\u5875\u3082\u898b\u305b\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5f37\u786c\u59ff\u52e2\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The complex philosophical text makes little sense to readers lacking background knowledge in phenomenology.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6e96\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e little \u3068 make sense \u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u80af\u5b9a\u6587\u306e\u300c\u610f\u5473\u3092\u306a\u3059\u300d\u304c\u53cd\u8ee2\u3057\u3001\u73fe\u8c61\u5b66\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u300c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u5168\u304f\u610f\u5473\u304c\u901a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;He cannot help but feel a profound sense of melancholy whenever he visits the abandoned ancestral home.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">cannot help but \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u91cd\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u6975\u6027\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e help \u306f\u300c\u52a9\u3051\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306e\u885d\u52d5\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u300c\u81ea\u5236\u3059\u308b\u3001\u6291\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u306b\u7d14\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u300c\u301c\u305b\u305a\u306b\u306f\u3044\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6297\u3044\u304c\u305f\u3044\u611f\u60c5\u306e\u5674\u51fa\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The regulatory commission refused to make any concessions whatsoever to the corporate lobbyists.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">refused \u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u5185\u5728\u7684\u306a\u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u30c8\u30ea\u30ac\u30fc\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066 any concessions whatsoever\uff08\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u59a5\u5354\u3082\u4e00\u5207\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u79f0\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u5f37\u8abf\u304c\u8a8d\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5bfe\u8a71\u62d2\u7d76\u306e\u59ff\u52e2\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u6975\u6027\u306b\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5909\u5bb9\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u628a\u63e1\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff18.\uff12. \u53cd\u8a9e\uff08\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\uff09\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u3084\u98a8\u523a\u7684\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8aad\u89e3\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\uff08irony: \u76ae\u8089\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3078\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u66f8\u304d\u624b\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u304c\u5fc3\u5e95\u8efd\u8511\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3042\u3048\u3066\u6700\u4e0a\u7d1a\u306e\u8cdb\u8f9e\u3084\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8868\u73fe\uff08brilliant, enlightened, triumph, generous \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u6d74\u3073\u305b\u304b\u3051\u308b\u3002\u8868\u5c64\u306e\u5b57\u9762\u306e\u307f\u3092\u771f\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u7d20\u6734\u306a\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u7d76\u8cdb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8aa4\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u306f\u3001\u300c\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6587\u8108\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7834\u6ec5\u7684\u30fb\u4e0d\u6761\u7406\u306a\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u300d\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u4e56\u96e2\uff08incongruity\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u8868\u5c64\u306e\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u8a18\u53f7\u3092\u6df1\u5c64\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u8a18\u53f7\u3078\u3068\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u610f\u5473\u53cd\u8ee2\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u8a55\u4fa1\u8a9e\uff08magnificent, noble, victory \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u8a9e\u304c\u8a00\u53ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3084\u5b9f\u614b\u304c\u3001\u7834\u6ec5\u7684\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u507d\u5584\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u904e\u5270\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u6027\u3068\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u60e8\u61ba\u305f\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u3068\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u3092\u5ba3\u544a\u3057\u3001\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u75db\u70c8\u306a\u6279\u5224\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u307f\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The general celebrated another magnificent victory: his army had successfully flattened three peaceful villages and displaced twenty thousand civilians.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">magnificent victory\uff08\u58ee\u5927\u306a\u52dd\u5229\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6700\u9ad8\u7d1a\u306e\u8cdb\u8f9e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306f\u5e73\u548c\u306a\u6751\u843d\u306e\u58ca\u6ec5\u3068\u6570\u4e07\u4eba\u306e\u96e3\u6c11\u767a\u751f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u60e8\u72b6\u3092\u52dd\u5229\u3068\u547c\u3076\u306f\u305a\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5354\u548c\u97f3\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8ecd\u90e8\u306e\u7121\u6148\u60b2\u306a\u8650\u6bba\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4eee\u501f\u306a\u304d\u544a\u767a\u30fb\u76ae\u8089\u3068\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u3092\u53cd\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;With their customary generosity, the occupying forces allowed the starving inhabitants to keep ten percent of their own harvest.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">customary generosity\uff08\u3044\u3064\u3082\u306e\u5bdb\u5927\u3055\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306f\u53ce\u7a6b\u306e\u308f\u305a\u304b\u4e00\u5272\u3057\u304b\u6b8b\u3055\u306a\u3044\u904e\u9177\u306a\u53ce\u596a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5bdb\u5927\u3055\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3057\u3001\u300c\u7121\u6148\u60b2\u306a\u5f37\u596a\u3001\u51b7\u9177\u306a\u643e\u53d6\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u75db\u70c8\u306a\u5f3e\u52be\u306e\u97ff\u304d\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The board praised the CEO&#8217;s visionary leadership, conveniently overlooking the fact that the stock price had collapsed by eighty percent under his tenure.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">visionary leadership\uff08\u5148\u898b\u6027\u3042\u308b\u6307\u5c0e\u529b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8cde\u8cdb\u304c\u3001conveniently overlooking\uff08\u90fd\u5408\u3088\u304f\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u682a\u4fa1\u516b\u5272\u6e1b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u51b7\u53b3\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7121\u6b8b\u306b\u89e3\u4f53\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7d4c\u55b6\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u62db\u3044\u305f\u7121\u80fd\u3055\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u75db\u70c8\u306a\u76ae\u8089\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;It was a truly enlightened decision to defund the public library system in order to purchase more riot-control equipment.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">enlightened\uff08\u958b\u660e\u7684\u306a\u3001\u8ce2\u660e\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u5149\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8a9e\u304c\u3001\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306e\u4e88\u7b97\u524a\u6e1b\u3068\u66b4\u52d5\u93ae\u5727\u88c5\u5099\u306e\u8cfc\u5165\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u4f53\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u30fb\u53cd\u77e5\u6027\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u672c\u7269\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u5316\u306e\u7834\u58ca\u3068\u5f3e\u5727\u512a\u5148\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u61a4\u6fc0\u304c\u3001\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u306a\u79f0\u8cdb\u306e\u4eee\u9762\u3092\u88ab\u3063\u3066\u8868\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u610f\u5473\u53cd\u8ee2\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19. \u8ac7\u8a71\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u30fb\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\uff09\u3068\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u73fe\u308c\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\uff08information structure\uff09\u300d\u306e\u3069\u3053\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u5de6\u53f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e\u300c\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u4e3b\u984c\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5e83\u304f\u5171\u6709\u3055\u308c\u305f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306e\u300c\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u7126\u70b9\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304b\u3089\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u500b\u5225\u7684\u30fb\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u524d\u63d0\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65b0\u898f\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19.\uff11. \u524d\u63d0\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3084\u4e3b\u984c\uff08\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\uff09\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u3059\u3067\u306b\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306f\u3082\u306f\u3084\u8aad\u8005\u3092\u9a5a\u304b\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u88c5\u98fe\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u9032\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5171\u6709\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a8d\u8b58\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\uff08\u30b3\u30f3\u30bb\u30d7\u30c1\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb\u30fb\u30b0\u30e9\u30a6\u30f3\u30c9\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f &#8220;Navigating this ethical minefield requires&#8230;&#8221; \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b minefield\uff08\u5730\u96f7\u539f\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5730\u96f7\u306e\u6050\u308d\u3057\u3055\u3092\u4eca\u3055\u3089\u8a34\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5371\u967a\u3067\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u8981\u3059\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u5177\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u91cd\u304f\u53d7\u3051\u6b62\u3081\u3059\u304e\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u91cd\u5fc3\uff08\u8ff0\u8a9e\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u771f\u306e\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\uff09\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u5c0e\u5165\u7684\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u3084\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u524d\u63d0\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5177\u8c61\u6027\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u304c\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u3084\u63d0\u8a00\u3078\u3068\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;Untangling this Gordian knot of conflicting legal jurisdictions will demand unprecedented international judicial cooperation.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gordian knot\uff08\u30b4\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30b9\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u76ee\uff1a\u4e00\u5200\u4e21\u65ad\u306b\u3057\u304b\u89e3\u3051\u306a\u3044\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u96e3\u554f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53e4\u4ee3\u306e\u6545\u4e8b\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u6587\u982d\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u96e3\u554f\u306e\u8907\u96d1\u3055\u81ea\u4f53\u306f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u300c\u524d\u4f8b\u306e\u306a\u3044\u56fd\u969b\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u5354\u529b\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8981\u6c42\u306e\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Healing these deep-seated societal wounds cannot be achieved merely through financial reparations.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u50b7\u3092\u7652\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u306a\u8eab\u4f53\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u524d\u63d0\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u771f\u306e\u529b\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u91d1\u92ad\u7684\u8ce0\u511f\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;Bridging the widening divide between academic theory and clinical practice remains the conference&#8217;s primary mandate.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6e9d\u306b\u6a4b\u3092\u67b6\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7a7a\u9593\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5b66\u4f1a\u306e\u6700\u512a\u5148\u306e\u8cac\u52d9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ff0\u90e8\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u652f\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;Playing with fire, the rogue nation conducted another ballistic missile test.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u982d\u306e\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587 Playing with fire\uff08\u706b\u904a\u3073\u3092\u3059\u308b\uff1a\u5371\u967a\u306a\u8ced\u3051\u306b\u51fa\u308b\uff09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u56fd\u306e\u7121\u8b00\u306a\u884c\u52d5\u7279\u6027\u3092\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u30df\u30b5\u30a4\u30eb\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u5b9f\u65bd\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9069\u5207\u306a\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff19.\uff12. \u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65b0\u898f\u7fa9\u306e\u5c0e\u5165<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u306e\u539f\u5247\uff08Principle of End-Focus\uff09\u300d\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u6587\u306e\u6700\u3082\u53f3\u5074\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u6587\u672b\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u3001\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u60c5\u5831\u4fa1\u5024\uff08Information Value\uff09\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u8cc7\u6e90\u3092\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u306b\u53d7\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3084\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306f\u3042\u308a\u304d\u305f\u308a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6587\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u6700\u3082\u4f1d\u3048\u305f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3084\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u5230\u9054\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u308b\u3002\u6587\u672b\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3057\u305f\u5358\u8a9e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306b\u901a\u904e\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u5408\u6d41\u30fb\u51dd\u7e2e\u3057\u3066\u6ce8\u304e\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6700\u3082\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u610f\u5473\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6587\u672b\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u6025\u3044\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u98db\u3070\u3055\u305a\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u304c\u7740\u5730\u3059\u308b\u6838\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u52d5\u8a5e\u3078\u3068\u6d41\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306b\u7740\u5730\u3059\u308b\u6838\u5fc3\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u6587\u982d\u304b\u3089\u7a4d\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u4e00\u8eab\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u62e1\u5f35\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u7d20\uff08\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6587\u672b\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7cbe\u7dfb\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u7740\u5730\u70b9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The ultimate goal of this comprehensive educational experiment was not merely the transmission of factual knowledge, but the cultivation of intellectual autonomy.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f intellectual autonomy\uff08\u77e5\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u30fb\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\uff09\u304c\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u7740\u5730\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5358\u306a\u308b\u72ec\u7acb\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u7684\u53d7\u5bb9\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u80fd\u52d5\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7684\u601d\u8003\u529b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6fc3\u5bc6\u306a\u610f\u5473\u304c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The ancient philosopher argued that the highest virtue of a citizen does not consist in blind obedience to statutory law, but in the relentless pursuit of justice.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pursuit of justice\uff08\u6b63\u7fa9\u306e\u8ffd\u6c42\uff09\u304c\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6cd5\u306e\u58a8\u5b88\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u901a\u5ff5\u3092\u9000\u3051\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u63a2\u6c42\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4fa1\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u7fa9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u306b\u6975\u5927\u306e\u91cd\u307f\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;Despite their apparent differences in methodology, both research teams were fundamentally converging on the identical conceptual breakthrough.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u672b\u306e conceptual breakthrough\uff08\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\u30fb\u9769\u65b0\uff09\u306b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u3068\u3044\u3046\u969c\u5bb3\u3092\u4e57\u308a\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a18\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u767a\u898b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9ad8\u3044\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The long-standing geopolitical rivalry was never truly about territorial expansion; it was, at its core, a clash of civilizations.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u672b\u306e a clash of civilizations\uff08\u6587\u660e\u306e\u885d\u7a81\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u96c6\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u9818\u571f\u62e1\u5927\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u89b3\u306e\u76f8\u5bb9\u308c\u306a\u3044\u5bfe\u7acb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6df1\u5c64\u306e\u771f\u56e0\u3092\u6587\u672b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7206\u767a\u7684\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u91cd\u307f\u3065\u3051\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u3082\u5f37\u8abf\u3057\u305f\u3044\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff10. \u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u30fb\u6210\u53e5\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3068\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6210\u53e5\uff08\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\uff09\u3092\u300c\u500b\u3005\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u306f\u63a8\u6e2c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306e\u584a\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u6697\u8a18\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306f\u3001\u6210\u53e5\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u5909\u5f62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u304c\u4fee\u98fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u6d3b\u6027\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306f\u305d\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\uff08transparency\uff09\u3084\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08decomposability\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9023\u7d9a\u4f53\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u6210\u53e5\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u5909\u5f62\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5fa9\u5143\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff10.\uff11. \u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u81ea\u7acb\u6027\u3068\u5168\u4f53\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5408\u6210<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306b\u306f\u3001\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6d88\u5931\u3057\u3066\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3057\u304b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300c\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u306a\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\uff08opaque idioms: \u4f8b\uff1akick the bucket \uff1d \u6b7b\u306c\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3001\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u751f\u304d\u751f\u304d\u3068\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u5168\u4f53\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5408\u6210\u3067\u304d\u308b\u300c\u900f\u660e\u306a\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\uff08transparent \/ decomposable idioms: \u4f8b\uff1aspill the beans, break the ice, miss the boat\uff09\u300d\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u3084\u6559\u990a\u3042\u308b\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u5727\u5012\u7684\u591a\u6570\u306f\u5f8c\u8005\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001spill the beans\uff08\u79d8\u5bc6\u3092\u6f0f\u3089\u3059\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001spill \u306f\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u306a\u6d41\u51fa\u3092\u3001the beans \u306f\u500b\u5225\u306e\u79d8\u5bc6\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001&#8221;He spilled all the confidential beans&#8221; \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u81ea\u7acb\u6027\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5909\u5f62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u771f\u610f\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5408\u6210\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u540d\u8a5e\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306b\u89b3\u5bdf\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u5f97\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff08\u900f\u660e\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff09\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6210\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u584a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u300d\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5206\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8db3\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u7cbe\u78ba\u306a\u5408\u6210\u610f\u5473\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The investigative journalist meticulously gathered evidence before finally spilling the beans regarding the systemic bribery.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">spill\uff08\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u306b\u3053\u307c\u3059\u30fb\u6d41\u51fa\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3068 the beans\uff08\u96a0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u500b\u5225\u306e\u8c46\u30fb\u60c5\u5831\u7247\uff09\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002\u79d8\u5bc6\u3092\u66b4\u9732\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u4f53\u610f\u5473\u304c\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u5408\u6210\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9bae\u3084\u304b\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The two hostile leaders engaged in informal dialogue over dinner to break the thick diplomatic ice.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">break\uff08\u5272\u308b\u30fb\u7c89\u7815\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068 the ice\uff08\u51b7\u305f\u304f\u51cd\u308a\u3064\u3044\u305f\u6c37\u30fb\u7dca\u5f35\u95a2\u4fc2\uff09\u306e\u5408\u6210\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002thick\uff08\u539a\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c ice \u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u898b\u9003\u3055\u305a\u3001\u9577\u5e74\u306e\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6839\u6df1\u3044\u4e0d\u4fe1\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c37\u3092\u7815\u3044\u3066\u5bfe\u8a71\u3092\u5207\u308a\u958b\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;By failing to invest in cutting-edge semiconductor research, the nation completely missed the technological boat.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">miss\uff08\u4e57\u308a\u9045\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3068 the boat\uff08\u597d\u6a5f\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u8239\u30fb\u6f6e\u6d41\uff09\u306e\u5408\u6210\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7523\u696d\u7684\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u6ce2\u306b\u4e57\u308a\u9045\u308c\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7af6\u4e89\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u55aa\u5931\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The committee decided to kick the can down the road, postponing the painful fiscal reforms to the next legislative session.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">kick the can down the road\uff08\u7a7a\u304d\u7f36\u3092\u9053\u8def\u306e\u5148\u3078\u8e74\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u306e\u904a\u3073\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306a\u89e3\u6c7a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3066\u554f\u984c\u3092\u5358\u306b\u5c06\u6765\u3078\u3068\u300c\u5148\u9001\u308a\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u5408\u6210\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3068\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5408\u6210\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff10.\uff12. \u5909\u5f62\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306f\u8f9e\u66f8\u901a\u308a\u306e\u539f\u578b\u3067\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u306f\u9650\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u6210\u53e5\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3067\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u629c\u3044\u305f\u308a\uff08&#8221;The ice was broken by&#8230;&#8221;\uff09\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3092\u4ed8\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u308a\uff08&#8221;spill the legal beans&#8221;\uff09\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u5225\u306e\u985e\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306b\u5dee\u3057\u66ff\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6210\u53e5\u3092\u5275\u9020\u7684\u306b\u5909\u5f62\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\uff08modification and extension\uff09\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6210\u53e5\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3057\u304b\u6697\u8a18\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5909\u5f62\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306f\u305a\u306e\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3044\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u96e3\u89e3\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7acb\u3061\u5f80\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u6df1\u5c64\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30b3\u30a2\u30fb\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u8868\u5c64\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5909\u5f62\u3092\u89e3\u9664\u3057\u3066\u539f\u578b\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u67d4\u8edf\u306a\u51e6\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5909\u5f62\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u6563\u3089\u3070\u308b\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u5171\u8d77\uff08\u4f8b\uff1a\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b ice \u304c\u3042\u308a\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3067 broken \u304c\u3042\u308b\u7b49\uff09\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6f5c\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u57fa\u5e95\u306e\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u539f\u578b\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u5316\u3084\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6587\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u304d\u3001\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u3044\u305f\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\u3084\u6587\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u6210\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u610f\u5473\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u3084\u5f37\u8abf\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u7279\u5316\u3057\u305f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;A vast amount of sensitive political beans was spilled during the televised interview.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3001\u304b\u3064\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e sensitive political \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5909\u5f62\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u57fa\u5e95\u306e spill the beans \u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u306a\u6a5f\u5bc6\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u306b\u66b4\u9732\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;The administration seems determined to leave no diplomatic stone unturned in its quest for a peaceful resolution.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">leave no stone unturned\uff08\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u77f3\u3092\u3072\u3063\u304f\u308a\u8fd4\u3059\uff1a\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u5c3d\u304f\u3059\uff09\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b diplomatic\uff08\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\uff09\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u306b\u5c3d\u304f\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fee\u98fe\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The new regulatory framework effectively puts the cart before the horse by demanding compliance before establishing clear guidelines.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">put the cart before the horse\uff08\u99ac\u306e\u524d\u306b\u8377\u8eca\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\uff1a\u672c\u672b\u8ee2\u5012\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306e\u539f\u578b\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u6307\u91dd\u306e\u7b56\u5b9a\u524d\u306b\u9075\u5b88\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672c\u672b\u8ee2\u5012\u306e\u4e0d\u6761\u7406\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;After years of internal friction, the rival factions finally buried a very large and rusty hatchet.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">bury the hatchet\uff08\u624b\u65a7\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\uff1a\u548c\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3001\u6226\u3044\u3092\u3084\u3081\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001a very large and rusty\uff08\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u3066\u9306\u3073\u3064\u3044\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u4ee3\u672a\u805e\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u624b\u65a7\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u9306\u3073\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63cf\u5199\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9577\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308a\u6839\u6df1\u304f\u5316\u77f3\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80cc\u666f\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u548c\u89e3\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91cd\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u306e\u6697\u8a18\u3067\u306f\u5230\u9054\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u9802\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5909\u5f62\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u306e\u539f\u578b\u5fa9\u5143\u3068\u4fee\u98fe\u7d71\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u4fee\u8f9e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u81ea\u5728\u306a\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff11. \u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u8ad6\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u5199\u50cf\u3001\u5171\u8d77\u8ad6\u7406\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ac7\u8a71\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u77e5\u898b\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c8\u3078\u3068\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u53b3\u5bc6\u3055\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u300c\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u300d\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u52d8\u3084\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u8d85\u96e3\u95a2\u6821\u306e\u6975\u9650\u7684\u96e3\u554f\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u53cd\u8ad6\u3092\u8a31\u3055\u306a\u3044\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u7b54\u3078\u3068\u5230\u9054\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u307f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u53cd\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u5df1\u70b9\u691c\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff11.\uff11. \u7d71\u8a9e\u30fb\u5171\u8d77\u30fb\u8ac7\u8a71\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u6211\u3005\u304c\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u300c\u7d71\u8a9e\u30fb\u5171\u8d77\u30fb\u8ac7\u8a71\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u624b\u9806\u300d\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u56db\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff08\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3068\u54c1\u8a5e\u30fb\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u306e\u56fa\u5b9a\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u6587\u578b\uff08\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u6587\u578b\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff09\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u88dc\u90e8\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\uff08that \u7bc0\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u51b7\u5fb9\u306b\u9664\u5916\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff08\u5171\u8d77\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u7167\u5408\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7d20\u6027\uff08\u6709\u751f\u6027\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u9038\u8131\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u5275\u767a\uff08\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30fb\u30e1\u30c8\u30cb\u30df\u30fc\uff09\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff08\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u6027\u306e\u62bd\u51fa\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u304b\u3089\u540c\u4e00\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u7d21\u3050\u30ec\u30ad\u30b7\u30ab\u30eb\u30fb\u30c1\u30a7\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3001\u63db\u8a00\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8a9e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u3079\u304d\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u304b\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u304b\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u304b\u53cd\u610f\u6982\u5ff5\u304b\uff09\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff14\uff08\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6587\u982d\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u6587\u672b\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3001\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u5143\u306e\u6587\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8abf\u548c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u96e3\u89e3\u6587\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5a01\u529b\u3092\u5b9f\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: &#8220;The judge ruled that the contract was \\(\\text{\uff3bvitiated\uff3d}\\) by the fraudulent misrepresentation of the asset&#8217;s true value.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff1awas \uff3bvitiated\uff3d by \u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u69cb\u9020\u3002\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f the contract\uff08\u5951\u7d04\uff1a\u6cd5\u7684\u6587\u66f8\u30fb\u5236\u5ea6\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff1aby \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u306f fraudulent misrepresentation\uff08\u8a50\u6b3a\u7684\u306a\u865a\u507d\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u4e0d\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u5951\u7d04\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u4f5c\u7528\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff1a\u5951\u7d04\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u7684\u52b9\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3064\u5b9f\u4f53\u304c\u3001\u8a50\u6b3a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3002\u8a50\u6b3a\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5951\u7d04\u306f\u3069\u3046\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3002\u6cd5\u5b66\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u304b\u3089\u300c\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3001\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u7d20\u6027\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff14\uff1a\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3002\u300c\u5951\u7d04\u306f\u8a50\u6b3a\u7684\u865a\u507d\u8868\u793a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff3b\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff3d\u300d\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u5b8c\u74a7\u306b\u8abf\u548c\u3002\u8a9e\u7fa9\uff1a\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3001\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3001\u6c5a\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: &#8220;Far from being an \\(\\text{\uff3bimmutable\uff3d}\\) doctrine etched in stone, the constitutional interpretation has continuously evolved to reflect shifting societal norms.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff1aan \uff3bimmutable\uff3d doctrine\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u4fee\u98fe\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff1aetched in stone\uff08\u77f3\u306b\u523b\u307e\u308c\u305f\uff1a\u4e0d\u5909\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\uff09\u3068\u540c\u683c\u7684\u306b\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff1aFar from being\uff08\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u70c8\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6a19\u8b58\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306f has continuously evolved\uff08\u7d76\u3048\u9593\u306a\u304f\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\uff1a\u53ef\u5909\u7684\u52d5\u614b\uff09\u3002\u9032\u5316\u30fb\u5909\u5316\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u304c\uff3bX\uff3d\u306b\u5165\u3089\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff14\uff1a\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3002\u300c\u77f3\u306b\u523b\u307e\u308c\u305f\uff3b\u4e0d\u5909\u306e\uff0f\u5909\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff3d\u6559\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\u3001\u61b2\u6cd5\u89e3\u91c8\u306f\u7d76\u3048\u305a\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u300d\u3002\u8a9e\u7fa9\uff1a\u4e0d\u5909\u306e\u3001\u4e0d\u5909\u306e\u307e\u307e\u306e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: &#8220;The administration&#8217;s aggressive trade policies only served to \\(\\text{\uff3bexacerbate\uff3d}\\) the preexisting diplomatic tensions between the two nuclear powers.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff1aserved to \uff3bexacerbate\uff3d\uff08\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u539f\u5f62\uff09\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306f the preexisting diplomatic tensions\uff08\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\uff1a\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff1a\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u5f37\u786c\u306a\u8cbf\u6613\u653f\u7b56\uff08aggressive policies\uff09\u3002\u5f37\u786c\u653f\u7b56\u304c\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u7dca\u5f35\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u56e0\u679c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff1aonly served to \u306f\u300c\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3060\u3051\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u69cb\u6587\u3002\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u7dca\u5f35\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3055\u3089\u306b\u60aa\u3044\u65b9\u5411\u3078\u5c0e\u304f\u52d5\u8a5e\u7d20\u6027\uff08\u60aa\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff14\uff1a\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3002\u300c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9593\u306e\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\u3092\uff3b\u3055\u3089\u306b\u60aa\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff3d\u3060\u3051\u306b\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3002\u8a9e\u7fa9\uff1a\u60aa\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3001\u6fc0\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: &#8220;The corporate monopoly exercised an \\(\\text{\uff3bunbridled\uff3d}\\) influence over the domestic market, dictating prices and crushing smaller competitors with impunity.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff1aan \uff3bunbridled\uff3d influence\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u4fee\u98fe\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff1a\u8a9e\u6e90\u306f un-\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\uff09\uff0b bridle\uff08\u99ac\u306e\u982d\u7d61\u30fb\u304f\u3064\u308f\uff1a\u5236\u5fa1\u88c5\u7f6e\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u5e02\u5834\u3092\u72ec\u5360\u3059\u308b\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff1a\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587 dictating prices and crushing competitors with impunity\uff08\u4fa1\u683c\u3092\u3064\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u3001\u7f70\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u306a\u304f\u7af6\u5408\u3092\u53e9\u304d\u6f70\u3059\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u66b4\u8d70\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304c\u540c\u683c\u7684\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u304f\u3064\u308f\u3092\u5916\u3055\u308c\u305f\u99ac\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u66b4\u8d70\u3059\u308b\u3001\u4f55\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3082\u53d7\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d20\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff14\uff1a\u7f6e\u63db\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3002\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u72ec\u5360\u306f\u56fd\u5185\u5e02\u5834\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\uff3b\u6291\u5236\u306e\u306a\u3044\uff0f\u6b6f\u6b62\u3081\u306e\u304d\u304b\u306a\u3044\uff3d\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3092\u884c\u4f7f\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3002\u8a9e\u7fa9\uff1a\u6291\u5236\u306e\u306a\u3044\u3001\u91ce\u653e\u3057\u306e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u30fb\u5171\u8d77\u30fb\u8ac7\u8a71\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11\uff11.\uff12. \u53cd\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u5099\u3048\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u4f53\u7cfb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u304b\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3002\u771f\u306b\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u8aad\u89e3\u3068\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3042\u3048\u3066\u53cd\u8a3c\uff08falsification\uff09\u3092\u8a66\u307f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53cd\u8a3c\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8ad6\u99c1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306e\u307f\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u4eee\u8aac\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u300c\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u6587\u8108\u306b\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u77db\u76fe\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u304b\u300d\u300c\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5225\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3069\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u7834\u58ca\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u53b3\u683c\u306b\u81ea\u5df1\u70b9\u691c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u901a\u904e\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u307f\u304c\u3001\u5165\u8a66\u672c\u756a\u306e\u6975\u9650\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u63fa\u308b\u304e\u306a\u3044\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u78ba\u4fe1\u3092\u89e3\u7b54\u8005\u306b\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53cd\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u81ea\u5df1\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u300c\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u300d\u3092\u3042\u3048\u3066\u5143\u306e\u6587\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u7834\u7dbb\u30fb\u9006\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\uff08\u53cd\u8a3c\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff11\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306a\u3069\u306e\u300c\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u5019\u88dc\u300d\u3092\u3042\u3048\u3066\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u6587\u578b\uff08\u81ea\u4ed6\u3001\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3067\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7a81\u304d\u6b62\u3081\u308b\uff08\u53cd\u8a3c\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff12\uff09\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u606f\u306e\u6839\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fb5\u306e\u771f\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u5148\u306e vitiated \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3082\u3057\u4eee\u306b\u300c\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001fraudulent\uff08\u8a50\u6b3a\u7684\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u6cd5\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u3001\u6cd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u5f8b\u304c\u81ea\u5df1\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u300c\u59a5\u5354\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5951\u7d04\u66f8\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u66f8\u304c\u307f\u305a\u304b\u3089\u59a5\u5354\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u9055\u53cd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 vitiated \uff1d\u300c\u7121\u52b9\u306b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u5148\u306e immutable \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3082\u3057\u4eee\u306b\u300c\u67d4\u8edf\u306a\u3001\u5b9f\u7528\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001Far from being\uff08\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e evolved\uff08\u9032\u5316\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u98db\u8e8d\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 immutable \uff1d\u300c\u4e0d\u5909\u306e\u300d\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u306f\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u5148\u306e exacerbate \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3082\u3057\u300c\u7de9\u548c\u3057\u305f\uff08alleviated\uff09\u300d\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001only served to\uff08\u7d50\u5c40\u301c\u306b\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3060\u3051\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u843d\u80c6\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u300c\u5275\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001preexisting\uff08\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u7fa9\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u60aa\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u307f\u304c\u5168\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u5148\u306e unbridled \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3082\u3057\u300c\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001with impunity\uff08\u4e0d\u51e6\u7f70\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3001\u3084\u308a\u305f\u3044\u653e\u984c\u3067\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u3068\u6fc0\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3002\u72ec\u5360\u4f01\u696d\u304c\u6291\u5236\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u7af6\u5408\u306e\u7c89\u7815\u306f\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u306a\u3044\u3001\u66b4\u8d70\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u552f\u4e00\u751f\u304d\u6b8b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u305f\u53cd\u8a3c\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u7d4c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u304c\u5b8c\u819a\u306a\u304d\u307e\u3067\u306b\u7acb\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M03]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u7d1b\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6d88\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u3068\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7bc4\u7587\u885d\u7a81\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306f\u3001\u540c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u6271\u3046\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u89e3\u4f53\u30fb\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8aad\u89e3\u6280\u8853\u3068\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587:\u57fa\u790e M13]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u7b46\u8005\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3068\u6697\u793a\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30cb\u30fc\u53cd\u8ee2\u3084\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u5275\u767a\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ec\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u5206\u6790\u3068\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6279\u5224\u529b\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8003\u7a76\uff1a\u591a\u5c64\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3068\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u9078\u629e\u3084\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u8da3\u65e8\u8aac\u660e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u5cd9\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u96c6\u3067\u6697\u8a18\u3057\u305f\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3066\u3082\u6b63\u89e3\u306b\u81f3\u3089\u306a\u3044\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u983b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u306f\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u4e26\u3073\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u306f\u5b57\u9762\u901a\u308a\u306e\u76f4\u8a33\u304c\u7f60\u3068\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u8b58\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u8aa4\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u9069\u7528\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u3084\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u6587\u8108\u6975\u6027\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u3066\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u8ffd\u8de1\u529b\u304a\u3088\u3073\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u5224\u5b9a\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u6b21\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3068\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u6163\u7528\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5909\u5bb9\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5206\u6790\u624b\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u7d9a\u304f\u7cbe\u9ac4\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u3067\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u521d\u898b\u8a9e\u5f59\u3084\u8907\u5408\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u3092\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u306e\u53e3\u5b9f\u3068\u305b\u305a\u3001\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u5206\u6790\u3092\u9032\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3068\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u9023\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e00\u610f\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u8907\u6570\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306f\u7121\u79e9\u5e8f\u306a\u7f85\u5217\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u539f\u521d\u7684\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3078\u3068\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3084\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167\uff1a[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u9593\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3068\u6307\u793a\u7167\u5fdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u4ed8\u304d\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u304c\u6587\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u9023\u9396\u69cb\u9020\u3002\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u304b\u3089\u540c\u7b49\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167\uff1a[\u57fa\u790e M18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306b\u3088\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u4e00\u6b21\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u898b\u6163\u308c\u306a\u3044\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u96f0\u56f2\u6c17\u306b\u983c\u3063\u3066\u610f\u5473\u3092\u63a8\u6e2c\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8aa4\u3063\u305f\u9023\u60f3\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3084\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304f\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6587\u578b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u307e\u305a\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u6b21\u3044\u3067\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u3068\u5206\u6790\u3092\u9032\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u5206\u5c90<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u591a\u7fa9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u300c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u304b\u3089\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3068\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306f\u6587\u8108\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\uff08valency\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5927\u534a\u304c\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u307f\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u306e\u304b\u76ee\u7684\u683c\u88dc\u8a9e\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u7bc0\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u914d\u5217\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u304c\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u3068\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6587\u578b\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3048\u306a\u3044\u610f\u5473\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u9078\u3076\u5371\u967a\u6027\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u53f3\u5074\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u30fb\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u30fb\u7bc0\u306e\u914d\u5217\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u8a8d\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u3081\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u6587\u672b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u578b\u304b\u3089\u7b2c\uff15\u6587\u578b\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u985e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u578b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306e\u307f\u8a8d\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u60f3\u8d77\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7fa4\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\uff08\u6709\u751f\u6027\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u6027\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\uff09\u3068\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u3064\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9806\u756a\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u63a8\u6e2c\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The newly established international tribunal \\(\\text{observed}\\) that sovereign states had repeatedly violated the territorial integrity of their neighbors. \u2192 observed \u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b that \u7bc0\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u898f\u5247\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3068\u308b\u305f\u3081\u9664\u5916\u3055\u308c\u3001\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u77e5\u899a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3082\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7a00\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002that \u7bc0\u3092\u88dc\u90e8\u306b\u3068\u308b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8a8d\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300c\u6240\u898b\u3084\u610f\u898b\u3092\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The innovative legal framework \\(\\text{applies}\\) directly to transnational data transactions without requiring domestic legislative adjustments. \u2192 applies \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e to \u3092\u4f34\u3046\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u300c\u5857\u5e03\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3084\u300c\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e to \u3068\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304f\u300c\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u308b\u3001\u59a5\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The seasoned appellate judge \\(\\text{appreciated}\\) the subtle distinctions between the two constitutional precedents presented by the defense. \u2192 \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e appreciated \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c the subtle distinctions \u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002\u4eba\u7269\u3084\u91d1\u92ad\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3068\u308b\u300c\u611f\u8b1d\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3084\u300c\u4fa1\u683c\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306f\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3068\u308b\u300c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u7406\u89e3\u30fb\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The defense counsel \\(\\text{managed}\\) the complex corporate litigation involving multinational jurisdictions with exceptional skill. \u2192 managed \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 the complex corporate litigation \u304c\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u300c\u3069\u3046\u306b\u304b\u301c\u3057\u9042\u3052\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u88dc\u90e8\u3092\u4f34\u308f\u306a\u3044\u540d\u8a5e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u7d44\u7e54\u3084\u8a34\u8a1f\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u30fb\u7d71\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u30fb\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u7de9\u548c\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\uff08selectional restrictions\uff09\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5236\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6709\u751f\u7269\u304b\u7121\u751f\u7269\u304b\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9f\u4f53\u304b\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u7d50\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3002\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6765\u306a\u3089\u3070\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u7269\u306b\u306e\u307f\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306a\u7de9\u548c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u5236\u5ea6\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u306e\u8ee2\u7528\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u4f8b\u5916\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u306b\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u6349\u3048\u640d\u306d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3068\u88ab\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u306e\u9593\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u98db\u8e8d\u7684\u306b\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\uff08\u88ab\u4fee\u98fe\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u672c\u6765\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\uff08\u4eba\u9593\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5bfe\u8c61\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u547d\u984c\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u305d\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3092\u8feb\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u304b\u3089\u9038\u8131\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3084\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The controversial supreme court ruling dealt a \\(\\text{mortal}\\) blow to the legal arguments advanced by the administrative agency. \u2192 \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e mortal \u306f\u672c\u6765\u300c\u6b7b\u3059\u3079\u304d\u904b\u547d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e blow \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u6b7b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u3001\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The government was confronted with \\(\\text{grave}\\) constitutional implications arising from the unauthorized deployment of armed personnel. \u2192 grave \u306f\u5893\u6240\u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u521d\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u304c\u3001abstract \u306a implications \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u304b\u3089\u96e2\u308c\u3001\u300c\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u3001\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u5ea6\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3078\u3068\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The legislation contains \\(\\text{elastic}\\) provisions that allow regulatory bodies to adapt to unforeseen technological developments. \u2192 \u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u30b4\u30e0\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5f3e\u529b\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059 elastic \u304c\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308b provisions \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u304b\u3089\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u904b\u7528\u6027\u3078\u3068\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u304c\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u3001\u300c\u67d4\u8edf\u306a\u3001\u878d\u901a\u306e\u5229\u304f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The prosecutor questioned the \\(\\text{sound}\\) reasoning of the defense&#8217;s principal expert witness. \u2192 sound \u3092\u300c\u97f3\u3001\u97ff\u304d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u3001\u8a3c\u4eba\u306e\u8a3c\u8a00\u306e\u97f3\u58f0\u7684\u306a\u660e\u77ad\u3055\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 sound \u306f\u540d\u8a5e reasoning \u3092\u524d\u4f4d\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002reasoning \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u97f3\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u59a5\u5f53\u306a\u3001\u6b20\u9665\u306e\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u985e\u4f3c\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u6975\u6027\u5224\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5e83\u3044\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u610f\u5473\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u9996\u5c3e\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u3001\u63db\u8a00\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u6587\u3068\u6587\u3092\u5f37\u56fa\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u6975\u6027\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u3001\u79f0\u8cdb\u30fb\u6279\u5224\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u304c\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u30fb\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u56f2\u3044\u8fbc\u3080\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u76f8\u88dc\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u53cd\u5bfe\u6982\u5ff5\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3092\u4e21\u5074\u304b\u3089\u884c\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u9006\u63a5\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3084\u9006\u63a5\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u5bfe\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306f\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u53cd\u7fa9\u6027\uff08antonymy\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002however, whereas, while, in contrast, rather than \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ef8\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u304b\u3001\u76f8\u5bb9\u308c\u306a\u3044\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u672a\u77e5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u76f8\u624b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u6301\u3064\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u3079\u304d\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3092\u884c\u308f\u305a\u306b\u5358\u8a9e\u5358\u4f53\u306e\u63a8\u6e2c\u306b\u7d42\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3084\u9006\u63a5\u3092\u793a\u3059\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u3068\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3084\u547d\u984c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e2\u77e5\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u8ef8\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306f\u9ad8\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: While the initial historical accounts painted a \\(\\text{laudatory}\\) portrait of the colonial administrator, subsequent archival investigations revealed his ruthless administrative coercion. \u2192 while \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u306e ruthless administrative coercion\uff08\u7121\u6148\u60b2\u306a\u884c\u653f\u7684\u5f37\u5236\uff09\u3068\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u524d\u534a\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u771f\u9006\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001laudatory \u304c\u300c\u79f0\u8cdb\u306b\u6e80\u3061\u305f\u3001\u8cdb\u7f8e\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: Far from being \\(\\text{parochial}\\) in its intellectual outlook, the medieval university fostered vibrant scholarly exchanges that transcended linguistic boundaries. \u2192 far from being A, B\uff08A \u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b B \u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u56fd\u5883\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u305f\u6d3b\u767a\u306a\u4ea4\u6d41\uff08transcended linguistic boundaries\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u958b\u653e\u6027\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001parochial \u306f\u305d\u306e\u53cd\u610f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u504f\u72ed\u306a\u3001\u5730\u57df\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The newly enacted statute is designed to be \\(\\text{transparent}\\), whereas previous regulatory mechanisms were notoriously opaque. \u2192 whereas \u304c\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u306e opaque\uff08\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u306a\u3001\u66d6\u6627\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u5426\u5b9a\u9805\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001transparent \u304c\u300c\u900f\u660e\u306a\u3001\u660e\u767d\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The defendant remained completely \\(\\text{callous}\\) throughout the trial, whereas his accomplices expressed profound remorse for their actions. \u2192 callous \u3092\u300c\u9759\u304b\u306a\u3001\u51b7\u9759\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3001\u6cd5\u5ef7\u3067\u53d6\u308a\u4e71\u3055\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u306b\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 whereas \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u9805\u306f profound remorse\uff08\u6df1\u3044\u5f8c\u6094\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u6094\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u51b7\u9759\u3055\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u53cd\u7701\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6b20\u5982\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u300c\u7121\u611f\u899a\u306a\u3001\u51b7\u9177\u306a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u975e\u96e3\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u305f\u6975\u6027\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u5bfe\u6bd4\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5224\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u56e0\u679c\u9023\u9396\u3068\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u53ce\u675f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u3068\u6587\u304c\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u679c\u3078\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306a\u79fb\u884c\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u90e8\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7d50\u679c\u90e8\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u72ed\u3044\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u8a9e\uff08hypernyms\uff09\u3078\u3068\u59ff\u3092\u5909\u3048\u306a\u304c\u3089\u53cd\u5fa9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5185\u306b\u6563\u308a\u3070\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u540c\u7b49\u8868\u73fe\u304b\u3089\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u304b\u3089\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u96c6\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u8996\u70b9\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u679c\u9023\u9396\u3068\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001therefore, thus, consequently, so &#8230; that \u306a\u3069\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u547d\u984c\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3057\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u304c\u305d\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u9396\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u63db\u8a00\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u610f\u5473\u306e\u91cd\u306a\u308a\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The municipal water infrastructure had deteriorated for decades without adequate maintenance; consequently, the entire system became completely \\(\\text{defunct}\\) during the severe winter freeze. \u2192 \u524d\u534a\u306e\u300c\u4f55\u5341\u5e74\u3082\u7dad\u6301\u7ba1\u7406\u3055\u308c\u305a\u8001\u673d\u5316\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3001consequently \u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9577\u671f\u306e\u8001\u673d\u5316\u304c\u51cd\u7d50\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001defunct \u304c\u300c\u6a5f\u80fd\u505c\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u7269\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The pharmaceutical company failed to demonstrate the statistical significance of the clinical trials. This methodological \\(\\text{shortcoming}\\) prompted regulatory agencies to reject the application. \u2192 \u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u306e\u300c\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u6709\u610f\u6027\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u6587\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3046 This methodological shortcoming \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6587\u306e\u5931\u6557\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e shortcoming \u306e\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u6b20\u9665\u3001\u4e0d\u5099\u300d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The dictator&#8217;s sudden demise created an institutional vacuum, and in the ensuing \\(\\text{turmoil}\\), various militant factions competed violently for territorial control. \u2192 \u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u306e\u6b7b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u7a7a\u767d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u539f\u56e0\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8af8\u6d3e\u95a5\u306e\u6b66\u529b\u885d\u7a81\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u3078\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u904e\u7a0b\u3067\u751f\u3058\u308b\u60c5\u52e2\u3068\u3057\u3066 turmoil \u304c\u300c\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u52d5\u4e71\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u304b\u3089\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The author&#8217;s prose is celebrated for its remarkable \\(\\text{clarity}\\); indeed, his complex philosophical arguments are articulated with such precision that novice students comprehend them effortlessly. \u2192 clarity \u3092\u300c\u7d14\u7c8b\u3055\u3001\u6f54\u767d\u3055\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 indeed \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u3067\u3082\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u306e\u5bb9\u6613\u3055\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3059\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u304b\u3089\u3001clarity \u306f\u300c\u660e\u77ad\u3055\u3001\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3055\u300d\u306b\u610f\u5473\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u8a9e\u5f59\u9023\u9396\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u7269\u7406\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u79fb\u89e3\u91c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u6563\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u6700\u5927\u306e\u969c\u5bb3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306e\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u8ee2\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306f\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306a\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u88c5\u98fe\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7d4c\u9a13\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u7d4c\u8def\u3001\u969c\u5bb3\u3001\u4e0a\u4e0b\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u9818\u57df\u3078\u3068\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u306b\u5199\u50cf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u610f\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306a\u547d\u984c\u3078\u3068\u9084\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5206\u6790\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u6027\u3084\u611f\u60c5\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3078\u3068\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u7a7a\u9593\u30fb\u904b\u52d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3068\u53d9\u8ff0\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u79fb\u52d5\u3001\u5207\u65ad\u3001\u69cb\u7bc9\u3001\u5d29\u58ca\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u7269\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u63cf\u5199\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001under\u3057\u305f\u3001bridge \u3057\u305f\u3001dismantle \u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u300c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u640d\u306a\u308f\u305b\u305f\u300d\u300c\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u8abf\u505c\u3057\u305f\u300d\u300c\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u4f53\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u5199\u50cf\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u96e3\u89e3\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7a7a\u9593\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u3068\u8aad\u307f\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u539f\u521d\u7684\u306a\u7269\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7269\u7406\u7684\u529b\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f62\u614b\u5909\u5316\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u304b\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff09\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\uff08\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7d50\u679c\uff08\u652f\u3048\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u5012\u308c\u308b\u3001\u65ad\u7d76\u304c\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308b\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\uff08\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306e\u55aa\u5931\u3001\u5408\u610f\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3078\u3068\u7f6e\u63db\u3057\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u63db\u8a00\u547d\u984c\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The recent empirical findings thoroughly \\(\\text{undermined}\\) the foundational assumptions of the prevailing macroeconomic paradigm. \u2192 undermine \u306e\u539f\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u5efa\u9020\u7269\u306e\u571f\u53f0\u306e\u4e0b\u3092\u6398\u308a\u5d29\u3057\u3066\u5012\u58ca\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u300c\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u69cb\u7bc9\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5d29\u58ca\u304b\u3089\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306e\u5265\u596a\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u300c\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u6839\u5e95\u304b\u3089\u640d\u306a\u308f\u305b\u305f\u3001\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u547d\u984c\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The newly appointed ombudsman sought to \\(\\text{bridge}\\) the deep ideological divide that had long paralyzed the administrative committee. \u2192 bridge \u306f\u300c\u5ddd\u306a\u3069\u306e\u4e21\u5cb8\u306e\u9593\u306b\u6a4b\u3092\u67b6\u3051\u3066\u5f80\u6765\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u300c\u30a4\u30c7\u30aa\u30ed\u30ae\u30fc\u4e0a\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u67b6\u6a4b\u304b\u3089\u300c\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u8abf\u505c\u3059\u308b\u3001\u59a5\u5354\u70b9\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The relentless investigative report successfully \\(\\text{dismantled}\\) the intricate web of deception constructed by the fraudulent financial firm. \u2192 dismantle \u306e\u539f\u7fa9\u300c\u6a5f\u68b0\u3084\u5efa\u9020\u7269\u3092\u90e8\u54c1\u3054\u3068\u306b\u5206\u89e3\u30fb\u89e3\u4f53\u3059\u308b\u300d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u8a50\u6b3a\u7684\u306a\u6b3a\u779e\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u300d\u3092\u4e00\u3064\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\u3092\u7a81\u304d\u5d29\u3057\u3066\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u89e3\u4f53\u30fb\u8ad6\u7834\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u8a3c\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3078\u7f6e\u63db\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The government&#8217;s sudden monetary policy shift \\(\\text{set in train}\\) a series of catastrophic economic dislocations across the entire continent. \u2192 set in train \u3092\u300c\u5217\u8eca\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u5b57\u9762\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002train \u304c\u672c\u6765\u6301\u3064\u300c\u4e00\u5217\u306b\u9023\u306a\u3063\u3066\u9032\u3080\u8eca\u4e21\u306e\u5217\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u884c\u9032\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u59cb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3001\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u58ca\u6ec5\u7684\u306a\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u547d\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u30fb\u904b\u52d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u8aad\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u8eab\u4f53\u6027\u30fb\u611f\u60c5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u62e1\u5f35\u3068\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u614b\u5ea6\u628a\u63e1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u77e5\u899a\u3084\u751f\u7406\u7684\u53cd\u5fdc\uff08\u76f2\u76ee\u3001\u9ebb\u75fa\u3001\u547c\u5438\u56f0\u96e3\u3001\u6d88\u5316\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u6839\u3056\u3057\u305f\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u53d9\u8ff0\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3084\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u5f37\u529b\u306b\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3042\u308b\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u300c\u786c\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u300c\u9ebb\u75fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u304c\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u63db\u8a00\u3092\u554f\u3046\u8a2d\u554f\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\uff08\u4e0d\u5feb\u611f\u3001\u8b66\u6212\u3001\u76ae\u8089\u3001\u79f0\u8cdb\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u6027\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u304c\u6301\u3064\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u9670\u5f71\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u3067\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u6280\u8853\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8eab\u4f53\u6027\u30fb\u611f\u60c5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u6838\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8eab\u4f53\u90e8\u4f4d\u3001\u77e5\u899a\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u751f\u7406\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u751f\u7406\u7684\u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u4eba\u9593\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u4f53\u9a13\uff08\u4e0d\u5feb\u3001\u82e6\u75db\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u611f\u3001\u7121\u529b\u611f\uff09\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3084\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u611f\u899a\u3092\u6295\u5f71\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6279\u5224\u7684\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8ad6\u8abf\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u9078\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The administrative apparatus was completely \\(\\text{blind to}\\) the escalating socioeconomic grievances of marginalized urban populations. \u2192 blind\uff08\u8996\u899a\u306e\u55aa\u5931\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5358\u306b\u300c\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u300c\u6c17\u3065\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306b\u5168\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7121\u8cac\u4efb\u3055\u3084\u6020\u6162\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u6279\u5224\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: Bureaucratic inertia has effectively \\(\\text{paralyzed}\\) the decision-making capabilities of the municipal government during the crisis. \u2192 paralyze\uff08\u8eab\u4f53\u306e\u9ebb\u75fa\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u751f\u7406\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u72b6\u614b\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u304c\u672c\u6765\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3079\u304d\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5931\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u3055\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The innovative conceptual framework offered a breath of \\(\\text{fresh air}\\) to an academic discipline long suffocated by rigid orthodoxies. \u2192 suffocated\uff08\u7a92\u606f\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9589\u585e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001fresh air\uff08\u65b0\u9bae\u306a\u7a7a\u6c17\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u9589\u585e\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u754c\u306b\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u305f\u9769\u65b0\u6027\u3092\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: In recounting the turbulent history of colonial resistance, the author observed &#8220;our \\(\\text{fingerprints proudly planted in its mess}\\).&#8221; \u2192 fingerprints\uff08\u6307\u7d0b\uff09\u3068 mess\uff08\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u6c5a\u308c\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u89e6\u899a\u7684\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u300c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u904e\u3061\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u53cd\u7701\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8aad\u3080\u306e\u306f\u3001proudly\uff08\u8a87\u3089\u3057\u3052\u306b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u8aa4\u8aad\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u624b\u3092\u6c5a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3082\u8f9e\u3055\u305a\u306b\u6b74\u53f2\u306e\u6df7\u6c8c\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8db3\u8de1\u3092\u523b\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8a87\u308a\u3068\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u53d7\u5bb9\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u6027\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u304c\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u9023\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5909\u5bb9\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0d\u5909\u5316\u8a5e\uff08\u526f\u8a5e\uff09\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u305f\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u9023\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u8db3\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5c0f\u8f9e\uff08particle\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5b8c\u4e86\u3001\u6d88\u6ec5\u3001\u7d99\u7d9a\u3001\u5206\u96e2\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u4ed8\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u5c0f\u8f9e\u304c\u679c\u305f\u3059\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u5909\u5bb9\u30fb\u518d\u89e3\u91c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b87\u6240\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u5c0f\u8f9e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3078\u3068\u6df1\u5316\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u6210\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u5c0f\u8f9e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u30fb\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u610f\u5473<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\\(\\text{out, up, down, off, through}\\)\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5c0f\u8f9e\u306f\u3001\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306b\u4ed8\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u6839\u610f\u5473\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u30fb\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001up \u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u300c\u4e0a\u65b9\u3078\u300d\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u6975\u9650\u307e\u3067\u9054\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7d42\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08eat up, finish up, burn up\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u5b8c\u4e86\u300d\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u3002out \u306f\u5bb9\u5668\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5916\u90e8\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u304b\u3089\u8ee2\u3058\u3066\u3001\u96a0\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304c\u660e\u308b\u307f\u306b\u51fa\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08find out, point out\uff09\u3084\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u6d88\u6ec5\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08wipe out, die out\uff09\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u4e0b\u7dda\u304c\u5f15\u304b\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306b\u3068\u3089\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5c0f\u8f9e\u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u9650\u754c\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u8ab2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0f\u8f9e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3066\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u300c\u52d5\u8a5e\u8a9e\u6839\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5c0f\u8f9e\u300d\u306b\u5206\u7bc0\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c0f\u8f9e\u304c\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\uff08\u7269\u7406\u7684\uff09\u3001\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\uff08\u5b8c\u4e86\u30fb\u5fb9\u5e95\uff09\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u5909\u5316\uff08\u51fa\u73fe\u30fb\u6d88\u6ec5\u30fb\u5206\u96e2\uff09\u306e\u3069\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3067\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u8a9e\u6839\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u5c0f\u8f9e\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u518d\u5408\u6210\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The comprehensive judicial review \\(\\text{brought out}\\) several critical constitutional flaws that had previously remained unnoticed. \u2192 \u52d5\u8a5e brought \u306b\u5c0f\u8f9e out \u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002out \u306f\u5185\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5916\u90e8\u3078\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u300c\u6f5c\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3092\u767d\u65e5\u306e\u4e0b\u306b\u6652\u3059\u3001\u660e\u77ad\u306b\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u660e\u308b\u307f\u306b\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u3001\u6d6e\u304d\u5f6b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The newly instituted economic measures were designed to \\(\\text{phase out}\\) carbon-intensive subsidies over a three-year period. \u2192 phase\uff08\u6bb5\u968e\uff09\u3068 out\uff08\u6d88\u6ec5\uff09\u306e\u5408\u6210\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u7834\u68c4\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u300c\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u5ec3\u6b62\u30fb\u6d88\u6ec5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b 3: The defense team managed to \\(\\text{iron out}\\) the complex contractual disagreements before the merger agreement was finalized. \u2192 iron\uff08\u30a2\u30a4\u30ed\u30f3\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3066\u76ba\u3092\u4f38\u3070\u3059\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u306b\u3001out\uff08\u5b8c\u4e86\u30fb\u89e3\u6d88\uff09\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5951\u7d04\u4e0a\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3068\u3044\u3046\u51f8\u51f9\u3092\u5e73\u3089\u306b\u3057\u3066\u300c\u554f\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u6c7a\u30fb\u8abf\u6574\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: In the middle of the heated parliamentary interrogation, the witness suddenly \\(\\text{blanked on}\\) the crucial financial figures. \u2192 blank\uff08\u7a7a\u767d\u306e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u300c\u6570\u5b57\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u6570\u5b57\u3092\u767d\u7d19\u306b\u623b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u63a8\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 on \u306f\u95a2\u5fc3\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3084\u6a19\u7684\u3092\u793a\u3059\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001blank \u306f\u300c\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u304c\u7a7a\u767d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u4e0d\u5168\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6570\u5b57\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5931\u5ff5\u3057\u305f\u3001\u601d\u3044\u51fa\u305b\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5c0f\u8f9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5909\u594f\u3068\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u65e2\u6210\u306e\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u5dee\u3057\u66ff\u3048\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3092\u633f\u5165\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u5909\u594f\uff08variation\uff09\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\\(\\text{play into the hands of}\\)\uff08\u301c\u306e\u601d\u3046\u58fa\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9a\u578b\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3001\\(\\text{play directly into the strategic hands of}\\)\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u526f\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u5272\u308a\u8fbc\u307e\u305b\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5909\u594f\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u6c7a\u307e\u3063\u305f\u6210\u53e5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3057\u304b\u8a8d\u8b58\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\u306f\u3001\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u53e5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u5b9a\u578b\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u52a0\u3048\u305f\u5909\u594f\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5b57\u7fa9\u901a\u308a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304b\u3089\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e56\u96e2\u3057\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u4ed8\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5909\u594f\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e2d\u6838\u3092\u306a\u3059\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u540d\u8a5e\uff0b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u57fa\u5e95\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5b9a\u578b\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5b9a\u578b\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3068\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u6587\u9762\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u4ed8\u52a0\u30fb\u7f6e\u63db\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u5b9a\u578b\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5f37\u8abf\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u76ae\u8089\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u65e8\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The unilateral trade sanctions \\(\\text{cut both ways}\\), inflicting severe economic damage on domestic consumers while punishing the foreign target. \u2192 cut both ways\uff08\u8af8\u5203\u306e\u5263\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9a\u578b\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u81ea\u56fd\u3078\u306e\u6253\u6483\u3068\u76f8\u624b\u56fd\u3078\u306e\u6253\u6483\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u9762\u6027\u304c\u8a73\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u5229\u76ca\u3068\u4e0d\u5229\u76ca\u306e\u53cc\u9762\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The young scholar decided to \\(\\text{take the bull by the horns}\\) and address the fundamental methodological flaw in the established paradigm. \u2192 take the bull by the horns\uff08\u96e3\u5c40\u306b\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u7acb\u3061\u5411\u304b\u3046\uff09\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff08\u725b\u306e\u89d2\u3092\u63b4\u3080\uff09\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3001\u300c\u5b66\u754c\u306e\u5b9a\u8aac\u306e\u6839\u672c\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u306b\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u6c7a\u65ad\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The investigative journalist was warned that in pursuing the corruption scandal, he was \\(\\text{skating on exceptionally thin ice}\\). \u2192 skate on thin ice\uff08\u8584\u6c37\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3001\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5371\u967a\u306a\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u3068\u308b\uff09\u306b\u5909\u594f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5 exceptionally \u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5371\u967a\u6027\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u304c\u6975\u9650\u307e\u3067\u9ad8\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u7cbe\u78ba\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: In attempting to reform the complex tax code, the legislature merely \\(\\text{opened a can of legal worms}\\). \u2192 can of worms\uff08\u5384\u4ecb\u306a\u554f\u984c\u306e\u5c71\u3001\u30d1\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u306e\u7bb1\uff09\u306b legal \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5909\u594f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5b57\u9762\u901a\u308a\u306b\u300c\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u866b\u306e\u7f36\u3092\u958b\u3051\u305f\u300d\u3068\u76f4\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8ad6\u5916\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u300c\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u8a73\u7d30\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u610f\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3082\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002worms \u304c\u559a\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u5236\u5fa1\u4e0d\u80fd\u306a\u6df7\u4e71\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3001\u300c\u304b\u3048\u3063\u3066\u53ce\u62fe\u306e\u3064\u304b\u306a\u3044\u6cd5\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5909\u594f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15. \u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u63db\u8a00\u5224\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u8da3\u65e8\u8aac\u660e\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5fe0\u5b9f\u306b\u8ffd\u3063\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u4e0d\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u7f60\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3001\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6279\u5224\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\uff08evaluative stance\uff09\u3092\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u304b\u3064\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\u3067\u518d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3068\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306e\u306a\u3044\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u7269\u3092\u9078\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u6975\u6027\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u304b\u3089\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3078\u3068\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff11. \u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u30fb\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3068\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u4f1d\u9054\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u30fb\u4fa1\u5024\u89b3\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u6fc3\u7e2e\u3057\u305f\u8a00\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u3084\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u300c\u9032\u6b69\u300d\u300c\u9769\u65b0\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u79f0\u8cdb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u300c\u6b3a\u779e\u300d\u300c\u5f62\u9ab8\u5316\u300d\u300c\u904e\u3061\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7cfe\u5f3e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u6975\u6027\uff08polarity\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6b63\u8aa4\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u8ef8\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u6bd4\u55a9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u5f37\u70c8\u306a\u6279\u5224\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u7d30\u90e8\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306b\u8ff7\u3046\u524d\u306b\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u95a2\u9580\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a55\u4fa1\u6975\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6bb5\u843d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\\(\\text{unjustified, flawed, remarkable, failed, superficial}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u7dcf\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u300d\u300c\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u5bb9\u8a8d\u300d\u300c\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u5206\u6790\u300d\u300c\u7559\u4fdd\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u61d0\u7591\u300d\u300c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u306a\u6279\u5224\u300d\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304b\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u7fa4\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u6975\u6027\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u6d88\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6975\u6027\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u3092\u901a\u904e\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u7cbe\u67fb\u306b\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The author criticized the superficial administrative reforms, calling them a mere \\(\\text{cosmetic exercise}\\). \u2192 \u6587\u8108\u4e2d\u306e criticized \u3084 superficial \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u5f59\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u306a\u6279\u5224\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002cosmetic exercise \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u306f\u3001\u7f8e\u5bb9\u4e0a\u306e\u5316\u7ca7\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u9762\u6027\u304b\u3089\u8ee2\u3058\u3066\u300c\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u5909\u5316\u3092\u4f34\u308f\u306a\u3044\u898b\u305b\u304b\u3051\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u63aa\u7f6e\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4e2d\u306e\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u6539\u5584\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3059\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u306f\u6975\u6027\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u3088\u308a\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The newly articulated diplomatic policy was hailed as a \\(\\text{watershed}\\) in the history of international relations. \u2192 hailed\uff08\u79f0\u8cdb\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6975\u6027\u304b\u3089\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002watershed\uff08\u5206\u6c34\u5dba\uff09\u306f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5730\u5f62\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u300c\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u306a\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u9ad8\u8a55\u4fa1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63db\u8a00\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The central bank&#8217;s intervention proved to be a \\(\\text{double-edged sword}\\) for domestic manufacturers. \u2192 double-edged sword \u306f\u5229\u76ca\u3068\u4e0d\u5229\u76ca\u306e\u53cc\u9762\u6027\u3092\u542b\u3080\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u306f\u300c\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u5bb9\u8a8d\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u4e8c\u9762\u7684\u306a\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u5206\u6790\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u3084\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5426\u5b9a\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u6975\u6027\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6d88\u53bb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: In describing the historical marginalization of the minority group, the text states that their legal rights were \\(\\text{eroded drop by drop}\\). \u2192 drop by drop\uff08\u4e00\u6ef4\u305a\u3064\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u300c\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u3067\u5fcd\u8010\u5f37\u3044\u52aa\u529b\u300d\u3068\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u6975\u6027\u3067\u6349\u3048\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 eroded\uff08\u4fb5\u98df\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u660e\u767d\u306a\u5426\u5b9a\u6975\u6027\uff08\u640d\u5931\u30fb\u7834\u58ca\uff09\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u3082\u6a29\u5229\u306e\u5265\u596a\u3092\u544a\u767a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u6a29\u5229\u304c\u6c17\u3065\u304b\u308c\u306a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u596a\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6279\u5224\u7684\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u6975\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff15.\uff12. \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u63db\u8a00\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u547d\u984c\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3068\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306e\u6392\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u6975\u6027\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u8907\u6570\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3065\u3051\u308b\u306e\u306f\u547d\u984c\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\uff08propositional equivalence\uff09\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u7167\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u3089\u3057\u3044\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u672c\u6765\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u300d\u300c\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u300d\u300c\u78ba\u4fe1\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u300d\u3092\u5fae\u5999\u306b\u6b6a\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u904e\u5270\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u5316\uff08overgeneralization\uff09\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3084\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u8131\u843d\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08omission\uff09\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u547d\u984c\u3078\u3068\u9084\u5143\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6551\u3044\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u984c\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u30b3\u30a2\u3068\u306a\u308b\u547d\u984c\uff08\u300cA \u304c B \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 C \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u300d\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u3089\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u5404\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u547d\u984c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff08\\(\\text{all, completely, exclusively}\\)\uff09\u3084\u3001\u9006\u306b\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u6b20\u843d\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306e\u306a\u3044\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8: The technological revolution has \\(\\text{blurred the boundaries}\\) between professional labor and private life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30a2\u547d\u984c: \u8077\u696d\u52b4\u50cd\u3068\u79c1\u751f\u6d3b\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u533a\u5206\u304c\u6d88\u6ec5\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) has made people work exclusively at home\uff08\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e exclusively \u306b\u3088\u308b\u904e\u5270\u306a\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) has eliminated the traditional distinction between work and personal time\uff08\u30b3\u30a2\u547d\u984c\u3068\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306a\u304f\u7b49\u4fa1\u3067\u3042\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) has prioritized professional achievements over family life\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8: The judge&#8217;s controversial decision \\(\\text{fanned the flames of}\\) public discontent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30a2\u547d\u984c: \u5224\u6c7a\u304c\u6c11\u8846\u306e\u4e0d\u6e80\u3092\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6fc0\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) created public discontent out of nothing\uff08\u30bc\u30ed\u304b\u3089\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u304c\u8aa4\u308a\u3002\u3059\u3067\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u706b\u306b\u6cb9\u3092\u6ce8\u3044\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5897\u5e45\u306e\u542b\u610f\u3068\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) intensified the existing anger of the citizens\uff08\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u6012\u308a\u3092\u6fc0\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5897\u5e45\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) resolved the fundamental causes of social unrest\uff08\u6975\u6027\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8: The proposed statute remains \\(\\text{a dead letter}\\) in many municipal jurisdictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30a2\u547d\u984c: \u5236\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u57f7\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305a\u52b9\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) has been officially repealed by the legislature\uff08\u516c\u5f0f\u306b\u5ec3\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u304c\u8aa4\u308a\u3002\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) exists in law but is not effectively enforced in practice\uff08\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304c\u57f7\u884c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u91cd\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u63db\u8a00\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) causes fatal consequences to the community\uff08dead \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8: Scientists must avoid \\(\\text{cherry-picking}\\) data to support their preferred hypotheses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30a2\u547d\u984c: \u81ea\u8aac\u306b\u90fd\u5408\u306e\u826f\u3044\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3060\u3051\u3092\u9078\u629e\u7684\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) collecting agricultural samples in the field\uff08cherry-picking \u306e\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7f60\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) ignoring theoretical assumptions during research\uff08\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) selectively using only favorable evidence while suppressing contradictory findings\uff08\u90fd\u5408\u306e\u826f\u3044\u8a3c\u62e0\u306e\u307f\u3092\u7528\u3044\u53cd\u8a3c\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306e\u306a\u3044\u547d\u984c\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u7269\u306e\u9078\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3068\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4f5c\u6210\u8005\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3084\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u983c\u3063\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u8d8a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u3061\u308a\u3070\u3081\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u53cd\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3084\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5e38\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u59a5\u5f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3068\u306f\u4e56\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5178\u578b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\uff08flaws\uff09\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u691c\u8a3c\u6280\u8853\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3078\u306e\u9000\u884c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7f60\u306e\u56de\u907f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6b6a\u66f2\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3078\u3068\u6df1\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff11. \u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3078\u306e\u9000\u884c\u306e\u7f60\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u9078\u629e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8aa4\u7b54\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u300c\u6700\u3082\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u8003\u616e\u305b\u305a\u3001\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u9078\u3076\u5fc3\u7406\u3092\u7a81\u3044\u305f\u8a2d\u8a08\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001novel \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5358\u8a9e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u300c\u5c0f\u8aac\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u3001grave \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u300c\u5893\u300d\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5358\u8a9e\u5358\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5f53\u8a72\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9244\u5247\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u305d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306b\u5b89\u6613\u306b\u9000\u884c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3078\u306e\u9000\u884c\u3092\u81ea\u5df1\u70b9\u691c\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u304c\u3001\u5931\u70b9\u3092\u9632\u3050\u9632\u58c1\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u9000\u884c\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u6700\u3082\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3092\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u300c\u6700\u3082\u8b66\u6212\u3059\u3079\u304d\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5404\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306b\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u4ee3\u5165\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u54c1\u8a5e\u3084\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u304c\u5408\u308f\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5f15\u304d\u5199\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7279\u6b8a\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u6b21\u7684\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u6587\u8108: The philosophical thesis lacked \\(\\text{substance}\\) and failed to convince the academic committee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) material chemical compound\uff08\u7269\u8cea\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u7684\u9000\u884c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3068\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) meaningful intellectual content\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u30fb\u4e2d\u8eab\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8aac\u5f97\u529b\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) physical weight and mass\uff08\u7269\u7406\u7684\u8cea\u91cf\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) monetary financial wealth\uff08\u8ca1\u7523\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7279\u6b8a\u8a9e\u7fa9\u306e\u8aa4\u3063\u305f\u9069\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6587\u8108: The newly introduced regulation will \\(\\text{affect}\\) all financial transactions conducted online.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) pretend to possess a feeling\uff08\u300c\u6c17\u53d6\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5225\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7121\u7406\u306a\u9069\u7528\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) exert an influence upon\uff08\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) demonstrate emotional affection\uff08\u540d\u8a5e affection \u304b\u3089\u306e\u8aa4\u3063\u305f\u9023\u60f3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) produce a negative emotional shock\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u52d5\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u9650\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u4e0d\u9069\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u6587\u8108: He had to \\(\\text{swallow}\\) his pride and apologize to the junior staff member.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) ingest food through the throat into the stomach\uff08\u98f2\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u3068\u3044\u3046\u751f\u7406\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) suppress his arrogance with great difficulty\uff08\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u3092\u6291\u3048\u8fbc\u3080\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) display his accomplishments openly\uff08\u8a87\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) destroy the reputation of others\uff08\u4ed6\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u5224\u3092\u50b7\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u305a\u308c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u6587\u8108: The defense attorney tried to \\(\\text{counsel}\\) the agitated defendant before the hearing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) legal advisors serving in court\uff08\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3067\u304d\u305a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u306b\u3088\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) advise and guide professionally\uff08\u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306b\u52a9\u8a00\u30fb\u6307\u5c0e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) accuse of a criminal offense\uff08\u8d77\u8a34\u30fb\u975e\u96e3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) conceal crucial physical evidence\uff08\u8a3c\u62e0\u96a0\u6ec5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u5916\u306e\u9023\u60f3\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u3078\u306e\u9000\u884c\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u81ea\u899a\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u691c\u8a3c\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff16.\uff12. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u30fb\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u306d\u3058\u308c\u306e\u6392\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u6b63\u8aa4\u5224\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u81f4\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6700\u3082\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u306e\u306f\u300c\u4e00\u898b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8da3\u65e8\u306b\u6975\u3081\u3066\u8fd1\u3044\u304c\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u7d30\u90e8\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u6b6a\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u591a\u6570\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5b89\u5fc3\u611f\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3084\u3059\u3044\u304c\u3001\u3088\u304f\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u300c\u672c\u6587\u3067\u306f\u50be\u5411\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u67c4\u3092\u4f8b\u5916\u306a\u304d\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3078\u3068\u62e1\u5927\uff08\u6975\u7aef\u5316\uff09\u300d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u300c\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\uff08\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u306d\u3058\u308c\uff09\u300d\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u300c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u307f\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u3092\u7121\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u9069\u7528\uff08\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\uff09\u300d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7cbe\u7dfb\u306b\u69cb\u6587\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u540c\u578b\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u3001\u9ad8\u5f97\u70b9\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u8b58\u5225\u773c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\uff08\\(\\text{all, every, only, never, uniquely, completely}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u3057\u3001\u7d76\u5bfe\u5316\u30fb\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u306e\u5146\u5019\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u8ad6\u3084\u50be\u5411\uff08\\(\\text{tend to, often, likely}\\)\uff09\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u9ad8\u3044\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u8aa4\u7b54\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u5411\u304d\uff08A \u304c B \u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001B \u304c A \u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\uff09\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\\(\\text{provided that, unless, under certain conditions}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8131\u843d\u3057\u3001\u7121\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u8a00\u660e\u306b\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587: The introduction of mechanized looms frequently led to social friction, as displaced weavers struggled to find alternative employment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) The introduction of mechanized looms completely destroyed all traditional employment opportunities in the region.\uff08completely \u304a\u3088\u3073 all \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) Artisans often experienced considerable hardship in securing new livelihoods following the adoption of mechanical looms.\uff08frequently \u3092 often \u306b\u3001struggled \u3092 experienced hardship \u306b\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u63db\u8a00\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\u3082\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) The social friction among workers was the primary cause that compelled factories to introduce mechanized looms.\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u3002\u6a5f\u68b0\u5c0e\u5165\u304c\u6469\u64e6\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6469\u64e6\u304c\u6a5f\u68b0\u5c0e\u5165\u3092\u5f37\u5236\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587: Linguistic diversity tends to diminish when global economic integration exerts pressure on minority communities to assimilate into dominant national cultures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) Economic globalization invariably eradicates indigenous languages across the world.\uff08tends to diminish \u3068\u3044\u3046\u50be\u5411\u6027\u3092 invariably eradicates \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u7d76\u6ec5\u3078\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) Assimilation pressure stemming from economic integration can result in the erosion of minority languages.\uff08can result in \u3068\u3044\u3046\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u672c\u6587\u306e tends to \u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3082\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) Minority communities actively abandon their languages in order to promote international economic integration.\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6b6a\u66f2\u3002\u5727\u529b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u8870\u9000\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7d71\u5408\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u306b\u653e\u68c4\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587: The judicial review panel confirmed that the controversial surveillance program had been conducted without proper congressional oversight, though it stopped short of declaring the entire initiative unconstitutional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) The panel ruled that the surveillance program was entirely unconstitutional.\uff08stopped short of declaring unconstitutional \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7559\u4fdd\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3001\u9055\u61b2\u5224\u6c7a\u304c\u4e0b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) The oversight committee praised the surveillance program for complying with constitutional standards.\uff08\u6975\u6027\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u53cd\u8ee2\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) The panel acknowledged the lack of adequate legislative supervision regarding the surveillance activities.\uff08oversight \u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u9055\u61b2\u6027\u306e\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587: While excessive consumption of processed sugars is correlated with elevated risks of metabolic disorders, genetic predispositions also play a significant role in determining individual outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) Consuming processed sugars is the sole and direct cause of all metabolic disorders.\uff08sole \u304a\u3088\u3073 all \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) Genetic factors exclusively dictate whether an individual will develop metabolic disorders.\uff08exclusively \u306b\u3088\u308b\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7cd6\u985e\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5207\u308a\u6368\u3066\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) Metabolic health is influenced by both dietary habits and hereditary factors.\uff08both A and B \u306e\u5f62\u3067\u8907\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u504f\u308a\u306a\u304f\u7dcf\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u610f\u5473\u304c\u6587\u8108\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u5171\u8d77\u8a9e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u6b21\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u4f53\u7cfb\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u5224\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u500b\u5225\u306e\u5165\u8a66\u8a2d\u554f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3078\u3068\u767a\u5c55\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3068\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u610f\u5473\u78ba\u5b9a\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u660e\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3084\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u542b\u610f\u3092\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u304b\u3089\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306e\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u601d\u8003\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u7167\uff1a[\u57fa\u790e M23]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11. \u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u30fb\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9006\u7b97\u63a8\u8ad6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u3092\u7a4d\u307f\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5165\u8a66\u9577\u6587\u306b\u306f\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3084\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u304c\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5408\u683c\u6c34\u6e96\u306b\u3042\u308b\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3068\u305d\u3046\u3067\u306a\u3044\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306e\u5dee\u306f\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u969b\u306b\u6587\u8108\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u540c\u683c\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u8db3\u5834\u3092\u5468\u56f2\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u88dc\u52a9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u65b0\u65e7\u914d\u7f6e\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u6226\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u540c\u683c\u30fb\u63db\u8a00\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5927\u5c40\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3078\u3068\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff11. \u540c\u683c\u30fb\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u6a19\u8b58\u304a\u3088\u3073\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u304b\u3089\u306e\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u610f\u5473\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3084\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u307e\u305f\u306f\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u540c\u683c\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u63db\u8a00\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u901a\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002dash\uff08\u2014\uff09\u3001parentheses\uff08 \uff09\u3001\\(\\text{or}\\)\u3001\\(\\text{that is to say, in other words, known as, defined as}\\)\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6a19\u8b58\u306f\u3001\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u3068\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u7b49\u53f7\u3067\u7d50\u3076\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8a18\u53f7\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u5358\u8a9e\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306e\u8a9e\u6e90\u3084\u5f62\u614b\u7d20\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u5f15\u304f\u307e\u3067\u3082\u306a\u304f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u82f1\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u56de\u53ce\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u683c\u30fb\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u6a19\u8b58\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u6570\u8a9e\u4ee5\u5185\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u5bfe\u3001\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3001\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u540c\u683c\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6a19\u8b58\uff08\\(\\text{that is, namely, or}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8a18\u53f7\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u306f\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u4f4e\u304f\u3001\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b49\u4fa1\u306a\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5e73\u6613\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3084\u5206\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u30fb\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The indigenous community practiced \\(\\text{transhumance}\\)\u2014the seasonal movement of livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures\u2014to adapt to the harsh alpine climate. \u2192 \u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306b\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u633f\u5165\u53e5\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002transhumance \u3068\u3044\u3046\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5c02\u9580\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u300c\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u590f\u7528\u3068\u51ac\u7528\u306e\u653e\u7267\u5730\u306e\u9593\u3067\u306e\u5bb6\u755c\u306e\u5b63\u7bc0\u7684\u79fb\u52d5\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The patient exhibited acute \\(\\text{anosmia}\\), or the total loss of the sense of smell, following the viral infection. \u2192 or \u304c\u540c\u683c\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e the total loss of the sense of smell\uff08\u55c5\u899a\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u55aa\u5931\uff09\u304c anosmia \u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The political theorist analyzed the concept of \\(\\text{kakistocracy}\\), which refers to a system of government that is run by the worst, least qualified, or most unscrupulous citizens. \u2192 \u975e\u5236\u9650\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0 which refers to &#8230; \u304c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002kakistocracy \u304c\u300c\u6700\u60aa\u304b\u3064\u6700\u3082\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u306a\u5e02\u6c11\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u904b\u55b6\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u89e3\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: In medieval European jurisprudence, the doctrine of \\(\\text{mortmain}\\), which had been vehemently defended by ecclesiastical authorities for generations, was strictly abolished by the crown. \u2192 which \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u304c\u300c\u4f55\u4e16\u4ee3\u306b\u3082\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u6559\u4f1a\u5f53\u5c40\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u64c1\u8b77\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u304b\u3089\u300c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u306a\u71b1\u72c2\u300d\u3084\u300c\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u7279\u6a29\u610f\u8b58\u300d\u3068\u610f\u5473\u3092\u63a8\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u6ce8\u91c8\u3068\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u571f\u5730\u304c\u6559\u4f1a\u306b\u6c38\u4e45\u306b\u8b72\u6e21\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e abolished\uff08\u5ec3\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff09\u3084\u540d\u8a5e land \u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u300c\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u4fdd\u6709\u3059\u308b\u6c38\u4ee3\u6240\u6709\u8ca1\u7523\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5b9f\u614b\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u540c\u683c\u304a\u3088\u3073\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3057\u305f\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u5fa9\u5143\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff11.\uff12. \u65e2\u77e5\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306a\u540c\u683c\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u82f1\u6587\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\uff08Information Structure\uff09\u304c\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8db3\u5834\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u306f\u300c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u5148\u884c\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u8ff0\u90e8\u3084\u6587\u672b\u306b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60c5\u5831\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u79e9\u5e8f\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306f\u524d\u6587\u3067\u8a73\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u554f\u984c\u3084\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3057\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8a9e\u7fa9\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8f2a\u90ed\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u672a\u77e5\u8a9e\u304c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u6587\u982d\u306e\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\uff0f\u6587\u672b\u306e\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\uff09\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u304c\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u76f4\u524d\u306e\uff11\u301c\uff12\u6587\u3092\u9061\u53ca\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u3069\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u3084\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e00\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u8981\u7d04\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d42\u7740\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f53\u8a72\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u3084\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6307\u3055\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: Throughout the late nineteenth century, European empires expanded their overseas territories through military conquest and economic subjugation. This aggressive \\(\\text{imperialism}\\) fundamentally disrupted indigenous social structures. \u2192 This aggressive imperialism \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u300c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5f81\u670d\u3068\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u96b7\u5c5e\u3092\u901a\u3058\u305f\u6d77\u5916\u9818\u571f\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u8c61\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u524d\u6587\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The diplomatic negotiators engaged in deceptive rhetoric, concealed critical intelligence, and deliberately violated the preliminary terms. Such duplicitous behavior utterly destroyed the \\(\\text{credibility}\\) of the delegation. \u2192 \u7b2c\uff11\u6587\u3067\u5217\u6319\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e0d\u8aa0\u5b9f\u306a\u884c\u52d5\u7fa4\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e destroyed\uff08\u7834\u58ca\u3057\u305f\uff09\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b credibility \u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5618\u3084\u88cf\u5207\u308a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7834\u58ca\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u304b\u3089\u3001credibility \u304c\u300c\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u3001\u4fe1\u7528\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u9006\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: The research team implemented a rigorous methodology that isolated the relevant variables completely. Consequently, the experiment achieved unprecedented \\(\\text{replicability}\\). \u2192 \u53b3\u683c\u306a\u5909\u6570\u5206\u96e2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u7684\u6210\u529f\u304b\u3089 consequently \u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306b replicability \u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5909\u6570\u7d71\u5236\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5c5e\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3001\u300c\u518d\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u300d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: In his inaugural address, the newly elected president called for national reconciliation. This \\(\\text{anathema}\\) was immediately embraced by citizens across the political spectrum. \u2192 This anathema \u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u300c\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u548c\u89e3\u306e\u547c\u3073\u304b\u3051\u300d\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5373\u65ad\u3057\u3001anathema \u3092\u300c\u548c\u89e3\u3001\u7d71\u5408\u300d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u63a8\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e embraced\uff08\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u305f\uff09\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u898b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u72af\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f anathema \u306f\u300c\u546a\u8a5b\u3001\u5fcc\u3080\u3079\u304d\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6587\u306f\u76ae\u8089\u304b\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u306a\u7834\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e This \u304c\u524d\u6587\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066 anathema \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u524d\u5927\u7d71\u9818\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6279\u5224\u304c\u5148\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u6307\u793a\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u548c\u89e3\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5225\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u539f\u5247\u3092\u76f2\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8ff0\u90e8\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u7167\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u79e9\u5e8f\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u9006\u7b97\u63a8\u8ad6\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12. \u6cd5\u7684\u30fb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306e\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u306e\u89e3\u8aad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u6a29\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u3001\u6cd5\u306e\u652f\u914d\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u898f\u7bc4\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6cd5\u5b66\u7684\u30fb\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8ad6\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u306a\u5f69\u308a\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3084\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u306a\u529b\u5b66\u3092\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u601d\u8003\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u304c\u300c\u76fe\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u5199\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3001\u884c\u653f\u306e\u898f\u5236\u304c\u300c\u7db2\u300d\u3084\u300c\u91cd\u8377\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63cf\u5199\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u3069\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u9650\u754c\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u6587\u8108\u7279\u6709\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u6cd5\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3078\u3068\u7ffb\u8a33\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5b9f\u6226\u7684\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u6a29\u5229\u3068\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3068\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3078\u3068\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff11. \u6a29\u5229\u30fb\u898f\u7bc4\u30fb\u5236\u5ea6\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u306e\u89e3\u8aad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6cd5\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u76ee\u306b\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u6a29\u5229\u3084\u898f\u7bc4\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u9632\u58c1\u3001\u4fb5\u98df\u3001\u5929\u79e4\u3001\u5951\u7d04\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u300c\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u306f\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u790e\u77f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u300c\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30b7\u30fc\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u306f\u81ea\u5df1\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3092\u56f2\u3044\u8fbc\u3080\u9632\u58c1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u969b\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u6cd5\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3092\u8ab0\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ecb\u5165\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a29\u5229\u3068\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u914d\u5206\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u3068\u9084\u5143\u3057\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u3068\u7f6e\u63db\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u6020\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u8aac\u660e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u8a33\u8a9e\u3092\u4e26\u3079\u305f\u3060\u3051\u306e\u4e0d\u6b63\u89e3\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6a29\u5229\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\uff08\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3001\u884c\u653f\u88c1\u91cf\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u5be9\u67fb\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7d04\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u6cd5\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\uff08\u9632\u58c1\uff1d\u9632\u885b\u7684\u6a29\u5229\u3001\u5929\u79e4\uff1d\u5229\u76ca\u8861\u91cf\u3001\u4fb5\u98df\uff1d\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u306a\u6a29\u5229\u4fb5\u5bb3\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u9593\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u6027\uff08\u5e02\u6c11\u5bfe\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u5bfe\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6cd5\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08\u4ecb\u5165\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u3001\u898f\u5236\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3001\u6551\u6e08\u306e\u4ed8\u4e0e\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306a\u6cd5\u7406\u547d\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The supreme court reaffirmed that the constitutional protection of free speech serves as an unyielding \\(\\text{shield}\\) against majoritarian legislative overreach. \u2192 shield\uff08\u76fe\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9632\u5fa1\u7684\u6b66\u5177\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u7ffb\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a29\u5229\u304c\u3001\u8b70\u4f1a\u306e\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a29\u306e\u4e71\u7528\u304b\u3089\u5e02\u6c11\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u9632\u885b\u3059\u308b\u300c\u5bfe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u306a\u9632\u5fa1\u6a29\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u7406\u547d\u984c\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: The new digital surveillance statute represents a dangerous \\(\\text{erosion}\\) of the traditional boundaries protecting private life from state intrusion. \u2192 erosion\uff08\u571f\u58cc\u3084\u5ca9\u77f3\u306e\u4fb5\u98df\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30b7\u30fc\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u9818\u57df\u304c\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u6539\u6b63\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u300c\u6c17\u3065\u304b\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3046\u3061\u306b\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u3001\u304b\u3064\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a29\u5229\u4fb5\u5bb3\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: In resolving the dispute between national security and personal privacy, the judiciary must carefully operate the constitutional \\(\\text{scales}\\) to ensure proportional adjudication. \u2192 scales\uff08\u5929\u79e4\uff09\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u516c\u76ca\u3068\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30b7\u30fc\u3068\u3044\u3046\u79c1\u76ca\u3092\u5bfe\u7b49\u306a\u53f0\u76bf\u306b\u4e57\u305b\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u3092\u7d76\u5bfe\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u300c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5247\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5229\u76ca\u8861\u91cf\uff08balancing of interests\uff09\u3092\u884c\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53f8\u6cd5\u5be9\u67fb\u306e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The international human rights treaty has erected a solid \\(\\text{fortress}\\) safeguarding marginalized populations from arbitrary state violence. \u2192 fortress\uff08\u8981\u585e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u9632\u58c1\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304b\u3089\u300c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u884c\u4f7f\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u963b\u6b62\u3057\u3001\u4fb5\u5bb3\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u3092\u4e00\u5207\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u6a29\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u904e\u5270\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56fd\u969b\u6761\u7d04\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6761\u7d04\u81ea\u4f53\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u8b66\u5bdf\u529b\u3084\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u529b\u306f\u5099\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fb5\u6027\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u56fd\u5bb6\u304c\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306a\u66b4\u529b\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u904e\u6fc0\u3055\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u305a\u3001\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306b\u5373\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u898f\u6574\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u6cd5\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3078\u3068\u7ffb\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff12.\uff12. \u88c1\u5224\u4f8b\u30fb\u6cd5\u502b\u7406\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5c04\u7a0b\u3068\u9650\u754c\u306e\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6bd4\u55a9\u306f\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u8aac\u5f97\u529b\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u6975\u9650\u307e\u3067\u62bc\u3057\u5e83\u3052\u308b\u3068\u4e0d\u6761\u7406\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3084\u4ed6\u306e\u6cd5\u76ca\u3068\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u305d\u306e\u9069\u7528\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u300c\u9650\u754c\uff08limitations\uff09\u300d\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u8a00\u8ad6\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u300c\u601d\u60f3\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\uff08marketplace of ideas\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u306f\u3001\u771f\u7406\u304c\u81ea\u7531\u306a\u7af6\u4e89\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u52dd\u5229\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u306b\u7acb\u3064\u304c\u3001\u507d\u60c5\u5831\u3084\u30d8\u30a4\u30c8\u30b9\u30d4\u30fc\u30c1\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e02\u5834\u306e\u5931\u6557\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u6bd4\u55a9\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u304c\u7591\u554f\u306b\u4ed8\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u76f2\u70b9\u3084\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9650\u754c\u3092\u6279\u5224\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u898b\u6975\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8ad6\u65e8\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u773c\u76ee\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u3068\u9650\u754c\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u63f4\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u524d\u63d0\uff08\u5e02\u5834\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff1d\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u3001\u5951\u7d04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff1d\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u5bfe\u7b49\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff1d\u76f8\u4e92\u914d\u616e\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306a\u969c\u5bb3\u3084\u53cd\u8ad6\uff08\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3001\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u4e88\u671f\u305b\u306c\u5916\u90e8\u4e0d\u7d4c\u6e08\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5168\u9762\u7684\u306a\u9069\u7528\u3092\u80af\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3066\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u4fee\u6b63\u7406\u8ad6\u3084\u516c\u7684\u898f\u5236\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: The traditional conception of contract law presupposes a level \\(\\text{playing field}\\); however, in contemporary consumer transactions, this assumption is an utter illusion due to immense informational asymmetry. \u2192 playing field\uff08\u516c\u5e73\u306a\u7af6\u6280\u5834\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u7b49\u306a\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u5951\u7d04\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u306e\u524d\u3067\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c however \u3092\u5883\u306b\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: While the metaphor of the &#8220;marketplace of ideas&#8221; suggests that truth will naturally emerge from unregulated discourse, online algorithmic amplification demonstrates that harmful falsehoods often \\(\\text{drown out}\\) rational deliberation. \u2192 \u601d\u60f3\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u5897\u5e45\u304c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5bfe\u8a71\u3092\u300c\u304b\u304d\u6d88\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\uff08drown out\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u9650\u754c\u3092\u6307\u6458\u3057\u3001\u7121\u898f\u5236\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: Equating national budget management with a household \\(\\text{checkbook}\\) is deeply misleading, as a sovereign government possesses the unique power to issue currency and manage macroeconomic demand. \u2192 \u56fd\u5bb6\u8ca1\u653f\u3092\u5bb6\u8a08\u306e\u5c0f\u5207\u624b\u5e33\uff08checkbook\uff09\u306b\u4f8b\u3048\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u8aa4\u8b2c\u6027\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3001\u901a\u8ca8\u767a\u884c\u6a29\u3092\u6301\u3064\u56fd\u5bb6\u3068\u5bb6\u8a08\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: The legal theorist argued that the constitution is a \\(\\text{living tree}\\) capable of natural growth, so the original intentions of its framers should be dismissed entirely. \u2192 living tree\uff08\u751f\u304d\u305f\u6a39\u6728\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u61b2\u6cd5\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u304c\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u98db\u8e8d\u3057\u3066\u300c\u8349\u6848\u8005\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u306e\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u63d0\u5531\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u3082\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u6839\u5e79\uff08\u6839\u672c\u7684\u4fa1\u5024\u3084\u7d71\u6cbb\u6a5f\u69cb\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\uff09\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u3064\u3064\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u679d\uff08\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u4eba\u6a29\u306e\u5305\u6442\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u4f38\u3070\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u767d\u7d19\u5316\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u6301\u3064\u6709\u6a5f\u7684\u6210\u9577\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u3068\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u6027\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u904e\u6fc0\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u5c04\u7a0b\u3068\u9650\u754c\u3092\u6279\u5224\u7684\u306b\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13. \u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u30fb\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u6a2a\u65ad\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u7684\u89e3\u91c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u306e\u307f\u5b8c\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8fd1\u5e74\u306e\u5165\u8a66\u9577\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u5909\u594f\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u727d\u5f15\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff08metaphorical chain\uff09\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300c\u822a\u6d77\u300d\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u3001\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u306f\u300c\u7f85\u91dd\u76e4\u306e\u55aa\u5931\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u306f\u300c\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u6697\u7901\u3078\u306e\u5ea7\u7901\u300d\u3078\u3068\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u6df1\u5316\u3084\u7d50\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u53ce\u675f\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u540c\u4e00\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u9577\u6587\u8a2d\u554f\u3084\u8981\u65e8\u628a\u63e1\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u3066\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u304b\u3089\u3001\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u8a2d\u554f\u3078\u306e\u5b9f\u6226\u7684\u7d71\u5408\u3078\u3068\u9032\u3080\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff11. \u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u540c\u4e00\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6df1\u5316\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4e00\u8cab\u3059\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u306a\u6bd4\u55a9\uff08extended metaphor\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u601d\u8003\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u56f3\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5c0e\u5165\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u305f\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u3001\u5c55\u958b\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u554f\u984c\u70b9\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3078\u3068\u7740\u5730\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u305b\u305a\u306b\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u30d0\u30e9\u30d0\u30e9\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u8868\u73fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u3080\u3068\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u76f8\u4e92\u306e\u6709\u6a5f\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u5408\u304c\u898b\u3048\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u306a\u305c\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u7a81\u7136\u305d\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u6a5f\u304c\u628a\u63e1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u6b21\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u7d99\u627f\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u9042\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u306b\u76f4\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6df1\u5316\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u652f\u914d\u7684\u306a\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\uff08\u822a\u6d77\u3001\u533b\u7642\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u3001\u6f14\u5287\u3001\u6226\u4e89\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u6587\u3084\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30c9\u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7fa4\uff08\u822a\u6d77\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 ship, storm, anchor, navigate, uncharted \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u9032\u884c\u6bb5\u968e\u3092\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u304c\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u3069\u306e\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u73fe\u72b6\u5206\u6790\u2192\u8ab2\u984c\u63d0\u793a\u2192\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306e\u63d0\u793a\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5bfe\u7167\u3057\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u7740\u5730\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d: Modern scientific inquiry was built upon an immutable \\(\\text{bedrock}\\) of empirical determinism.\uff08\u5efa\u7bc9\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9: \u5805\u56fa\u306a\u5ca9\u76e4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u53e4\u5178\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d: However, the quantum revolution opened deep \\(\\text{fissures}\\) in this foundational structure.\uff08\u5efa\u7bc9\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5909\u5bb9: \u57fa\u790e\u306b\u751f\u3058\u305f\u4e80\u88c2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d: Today, theorists must construct a new epistemological \\(\\text{scaffolding}\\) capable of accommodating intrinsic uncertainty.\uff08\u5efa\u7bc9\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u7740\u5730: \u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u8db3\u5834\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u5efa\u7bc9\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u53f2\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u9aa8\u683c\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u7d71\u5408\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d: The post-war economic order functioned as a delicate, finely tuned \\(\\text{clockwork mechanism}\\).\uff08\u6a5f\u68b0\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9: \u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u6642\u8a08\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u56fd\u969b\u7d4c\u6e08\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d: Unchecked financial deregulation threw unexpected \\(\\text{sand into the gears}\\) of this global apparatus.\uff08\u6a5f\u68b0\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5c55\u958b: \u6b6f\u8eca\u306b\u631f\u307e\u3063\u305f\u7802\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5e02\u5834\u306e\u6df7\u4e71\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff15\u6bb5\u843d: We cannot simply rewind the clock; we must \\(\\text{redesign the engine}\\) from its fundamental components.\uff08\u6a5f\u68b0\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6: \u6642\u8a08\u306e\u5dfb\u304d\u623b\u3057\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u518d\u8a2d\u8a08\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6839\u672c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u306e\u63d0\u8a00\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u6a5f\u68b0\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5fa9\u65e7\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306a\u5236\u5ea6\u518d\u7de8\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u529b\u70b9\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d: Traditional educational curricula treated the human mind as an empty \\(\\text{vessel}\\) to be filled with standardized knowledge.\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9: \u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u6ce8\u304e\u8fbc\u3080\u5668\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d: This passive reception model \\(\\text{stifles}\\) the natural curiosity inherent in developing intellects.\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5f0a\u5bb3: \u606f\u82e6\u3057\u3055\u3068\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u306e\u6291\u5727\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d: Authentic pedagogy must view the mind as a \\(\\text{fire to be kindled}\\), fostering active critical exploration.\uff08\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6: \u5bb9\u5668\u304b\u3089\u706b\u7a2e\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u5bb9\u5668\u304b\u3089\u706b\u7a2e\u3078\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u9bae\u3084\u304b\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u304c\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u89b3\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30c0\u30a4\u30e0\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u5177\u73fe\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d: The judicial system serves as a protective \\(\\text{canopy}\\) over democratic rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d: In the recent constitutional ruling, the judges \\(\\text{pruned the branches}\\) of executive authority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d: The authoritarian leader planted the seeds of institutional reform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u6a39\u6728\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u7b2c\uff14\u6bb5\u843d\u306e planted the seeds of \u306f\u6a29\u5a01\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u6a29\u529b\u5f37\u5316\u3092\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u3068\u79f0\u3057\u3066\u63a8\u3057\u9032\u3081\u305f\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u6bb5\u306e\u6a39\u6728\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3068\u306f\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u65ad\u7d76\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u690d\u7269\u95a2\u9023\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3059\u3079\u3066\u304c\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u6539\u9769\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ab0\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8aac\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff14\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u7d71\u5408\u306e\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff13.\uff12. \u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6587\u8108\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u306a\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u91c8\u3068\u8981\u65e8\u306e\u9023\u52d5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd1\u5e74\u306e\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u554f\u3046\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3084\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u554f\u3046\u65b0\u50be\u5411\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u63a2\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u89e3\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u305f\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u304c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u3068\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3092\u76f4\u7dda\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u300c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u51dd\u7e2e\u7269\uff08microcosm of the thesis\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u76f4\u3059\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u8996\u70b9\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u91c8\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\uff08\u76f4\u524d\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u547d\u984c\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u4f1d\u9054\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3068\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u3092\u3044\u304b\u306b\u8c61\u5fb4\u7684\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3057\u305f\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u307f\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53: \u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u4f1a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u53f8\u6cd5\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u304c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5727\u529b\u304b\u3089\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3092\u8aac\u304f\u9577\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\uff08\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\uff09: The supreme court must remain an \\(\\text{anchor in the storm}\\) of temporary political passions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) The court should quickly adapt its decisions to reflect the changing desires of the parliamentary majority.\uff08\u6975\u6027\u306e\u53cd\u8ee2\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) The judiciary must provide maritime assistance to coastal communities during severe weather disasters.\uff08\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7f60\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) The judges must maintain constitutional stability and protect fundamental rights, refusing to be swayed by transient public hysteria or political pressures.\uff08\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u5d50\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u5927\u8846\u306e\u71b1\u72c2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u9328\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u61b2\u6cd5\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53: \u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u9032\u6b69\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5931\u6557\u304c\u679c\u305f\u3059\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3001\u8a66\u884c\u932f\u8aa4\u3053\u305d\u304c\u771f\u306e\u767a\u898b\u306e\u6bcd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u9577\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\uff08\u7b2c\uff13\u6bb5\u843d\uff09: Negative experimental results are not dead ends, but \\(\\text{stepping stones}\\) across the turbulent river of empirical inquiry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) Failed experiments prove that the researchers lacked adequate theoretical preparation.\uff08\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u65e8\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) Unsuccessful trials serve as necessary intermediate phases that guide scientists toward true breakthroughs in knowledge.\uff08\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8db3\u5834\u306e\u77f3\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u771f\u306e\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\u3078\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u4e2d\u9593\u6bb5\u968e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) Researchers should avoid crossing dangerous rivers during their field investigations.\uff08\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53: \u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u304c\u5931\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u30fb\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u640d\u5931\u3092\u8b66\u544a\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u4eba\u985e\u5b66\u306e\u9577\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\uff08\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\uff09: Each dying language extinguishes an irreplaceable \\(\\text{window on the human condition}\\).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) The extinction of a language permanently destroys a unique conceptual framework through which human beings perceive and interpret reality.\uff08\u7a93\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u899a\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u6d88\u6ec5\u306e\u640d\u5931\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) Modern houses should install larger windows to improve the psychological health of the residents.\uff08\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7f60\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) Languages can be completely preserved through written dictionaries without living speakers.\uff08\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u8da3\u65e8\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u672c\u6587\u5168\u4f53: AI \u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u52d5\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u5b55\u3080\u5dee\u5225\u306e\u518d\u751f\u7523\u3092\u544a\u767a\u3057\u3001\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u9577\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\uff08\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\uff09: The algorithmic decision-making system operates as an opaque \\(\\text{black box}\\).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u691c\u8a3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) The computer hardware is physically painted black to prevent internal light reflection.\uff08\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7f60\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) The system functions as a storage unit to record airplane flight data during accidents.\uff08\u822a\u7a7a\u6a5f\u306e\u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5225\u6587\u8108\u306e\u5b9a\u7740\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8aa4\u308a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) The internal logical processes through which the algorithm reaches its conclusions are completely inaccessible and incomprehensible to human scrutiny.\uff08\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u6027\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3001\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u306e\u51fa\u767a\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6b63\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u91c8\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u3066\u89e3\u304f\u6280\u8853\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14. \u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6587\u8108\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u5373\u6642\u5224\u65ad\u4f53\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a66\u9a13\u672c\u756a\u306e\u53b3\u3057\u3044\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\uff11\u554f\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u3084\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u6570\u5206\u9593\u3082\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5408\u683c\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u521d\u52d5\u306e\u6570\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6587\u8108\u6975\u6027\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u7d1b\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u30ad\u30ba\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u5373\u6642\u7684\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u6226\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u5727\u529b\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u305a\u306b\u8a2d\u554f\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u300c\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u300d\u3068\u300c\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u300d\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u521d\u52d5\u306e\u8db3\u5834\u4f5c\u308a\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u541f\u5473\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u6226\u306e\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff11. \u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a9e\u6cd5\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u6587\u8108\u6975\u6027\u306e\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306f\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3060\u3051\u3092\u3058\u3063\u3068\u898b\u3064\u3081\u3066\u8a18\u61b6\u3092\u63a2\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3001\u8cb4\u91cd\u306a\u6642\u9593\u3092\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u512a\u308c\u305f\u8aad\u89e3\u8005\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u3092\u898b\u305f\u521d\u52d5\u306e\uff15\u79d2\u9593\u3067\u3001\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\uff12\u3064\u306e\u8ef8\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u8ef8\u306f\u300c\u8a9e\u6cd5\u30fb\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3048\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u8ef8\u306f\u300c\u6587\u8108\u6975\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u9032\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u306a\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u9032\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u5408\u308f\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3002\u3053\u306e\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u3001\uff14\u301c\uff15\u500b\u3042\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u3046\u3061\uff12\u301c\uff13\u500b\u3092\u6d88\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u306e\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff11\uff08\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8ef8\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u81ea\u4ed6\u306e\u5225\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\uff08to, for, with, on \u7b49\uff09\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u578b\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u3001that \u7bc0\u3001wh \u7bc0\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff12\uff08\u6975\u6027\u8ef8\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u306e\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76f4\u524d\u6587\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u8a55\u4fa1\u304b\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u8a55\u4fa1\u304b\uff09\u3092\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u8a9e\u3084\u9006\u63a5\u6a19\u8b58\u304b\u3089\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\uff13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u554f\u984c\u7528\u7d19\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u4e00\u89a7\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6975\u6027\u304c\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u659c\u7dda\u3067\u6d88\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u521d\u52d5\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bfe\u8c61\u306f\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u7d5e\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u6587\u8108: The regulatory committee unanimously rejected the petition, arguing that the proposed industrial facility would seriously \\(\\text{compromise}\\) the environmental safety of the surrounding region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8ef8: \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b the environmental safety \u3068\u3044\u3046\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u300c\u59a5\u5354\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\uff08compromise with\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u6975\u6027\u8ef8: rejected, seriously \u3068\u3044\u3046\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\uff08\u5bb3\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) negotiate a peaceful agreement\uff08\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6975\u6027\u3082\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) severely endanger or undermine\uff08\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308a\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u4fdd\u7559\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) officially approve and support\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) accurately calculate the value of\uff08\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u306a\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u611f\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u521d\u52d5\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2 (B) \u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6587\u8108: The newly excavated historical chronicles \\(\\text{bear out}\\) the controversial hypothesis that the ancient dynasty collapsed due to prolonged drought rather than warfare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8ef8: \u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066 the controversial hypothesis \u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u6975\u6027\u8ef8: \u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u3069\u3046\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u8a3c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e rather than warfare \u304c\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u6b63\u3057\u3055\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u6975\u6027\uff08\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) completely refute and dismiss\uff08\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) patiently endure with fortitude\uff08\u6211\u6162\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eba\u9593\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c chronicles \u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) corroborate and substantiate\uff08\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3068\u308a\u3001\u652f\u6301\u30fb\u5b9f\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u4fdd\u7559\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) conceal from public scrutiny\uff08\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u521d\u52d5\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2 (C) \u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u6587\u8108: The defense attorney&#8217;s arguments were so \\(\\text{tenuous}\\) that the appellate judge dismissed the appeal without hesitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8ef8: were so &#8230; that \u69cb\u6587\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u88dc\u8a9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u6975\u6027\u8ef8: dismissed without hesitation\uff08\u8e8a\u8e87\u306a\u304f\u68c4\u5374\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u660e\u767d\u306a\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\uff08\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u8584\u5f31\u3055\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) remarkably robust and convincing\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) exceedingly flimsy and weak\uff08\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u68c4\u5374\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u4fdd\u7559\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) deeply emotional and touching\uff08\u60c5\u52d5\u7684\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306f\u88c1\u5224\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u68c4\u5374\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) legally binding and official\uff08\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u521d\u52d5\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2 (B) \u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u6587\u8108: The foreign correspondent had to \\(\\text{grapple with}\\) complex ethical questions regarding whether to publish the classified military documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8ef8: \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e grapple \u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e with \u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306b complex ethical questions\uff08\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u502b\u7406\u7684\u554f\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u6975\u6027\u8ef8: \u82e6\u60a9\u3001\u845b\u85e4\u3001\u771f\u5263\u306a\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) physically assault violently\uff08\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u653b\u6483\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u502b\u7406\u7684\u554f\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) treat casually as trivial\uff08\u8efd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u65b9\u5411\u3060\u304c\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u771f\u5263\u3055\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) struggle to understand and resolve\uff08\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e with \u3092\u4f34\u3044\u3001\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u306b\u61f8\u547d\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u8108\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u4fdd\u7559\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) easily avoid answering\uff08\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u82e6\u60a9\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6d88\u53bb\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 \u521d\u52d5\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2 (C) \u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u521d\u52d5\uff15\u79d2\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u534a\u6e1b\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff14.\uff12. \u7d1b\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u3067\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u4f3c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3082\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593\u306f\u7d04\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u5c40\u9762\u3067\u6c7a\u3081\u624b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u8003\u7a76\u5c64\u7b2c\uff16\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u300c\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u300d\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u672c\u6587\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u300c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u5411\u304d\u300d\u300c\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff08\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u5316\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\uff09\u300d\u300c\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u8131\u843d\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u300d\u306e\uff13\u3064\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306a\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u611f\u899a\u7684\u306a\u8ff7\u3044\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u65b9\u5411\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\uff09: \u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2 A \u3068 B \u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u7d50\u679c\u304b\u3001\u77e2\u5370\u306e\u5411\u304d\u304c\u672c\u6587\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5411\u304d\u304c\u9006\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff08\u9650\u5b9a\u5ea6\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\uff09: \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\\(\\text{always, exclusively, entirely, inevitable}\\)\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u672c\u6587\u304c\u50be\u5411\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u65b9\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff08\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\uff09: \u672c\u6587\u306b\u4ed8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\\(\\text{if, unless, under certain conditions}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7121\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u65ad\u5b9a\u306b\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u65b9\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff11: \u6587\u8108: The unexpected technological failure \\(\\text{underscored}\\) the critical need for independent oversight in algorithmic governance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) comprehensively demonstrated the absolute impossibility of regulating algorithmic systems<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) clearly emphasized the indispensable necessity of having external regulatory supervision<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u9069\u7528:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u65b9\u5411\uff09: failure \u304c need \u3092\u3069\u3046\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3002\u4e21\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u3082\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u306f\u4fdd\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff08\u9650\u5b9a\u5ea6\uff09: (A) \u306b absolute impossibility\uff08\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u76e3\u7763\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3092\u5f37\u8abf\u3057\u305f\uff08underscored the critical need\uff09\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u898f\u5236\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u7d76\u5bfe\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 (A) \u3092\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u306e\u30ad\u30ba\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001(B) \u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff12: \u6587\u8108: The constitutional scholar argued that economic rights should not be \\(\\text{elevated above}\\) civil and political liberties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) treated as possessing greater legal priority than basic political freedoms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) completely subordinated to the arbitrary decisions of executive authorities<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u9069\u7528:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u65b9\u5411\uff09: \u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306b\u7f6e\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff08\u9650\u5b9a\u5ea6\uff09: (B) \u306f\u300c\u884c\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u306e\u6063\u610f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u96b7\u5c5e\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\uff08\u5e02\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\uff09\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3044\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6301\u3061\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff13\uff08\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff09: (A) \u306f be elevated above\uff08\u301c\u3088\u308a\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3092 treated as possessing greater legal priority than\uff08\u301c\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6cd5\u7684\u512a\u5148\u6a29\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308f\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3068\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u63db\u8a00\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e not \u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u300c\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306b\u7f6e\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u518d\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 (B) \u3092\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001(A) \u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff13: \u6587\u8108: During periods of acute inflation, nominal wage increases often \\(\\text{ring hollow}\\) for working-class families struggling with living costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) fail to provide any meaningful financial relief in real economic terms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) directly cause the prices of daily commodities to escalate even further<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u9069\u7528:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u65b9\u5411\uff09: \u8cc3\u4e0a\u3052\u304c\u7a7a\u865a\u306b\u97ff\u304f\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u306a\u3055\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002(B) \u306f\u300c\u8cc3\u4e0a\u3052\u304c\u7269\u4fa1\u9ad8\u9a30\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u30fb\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u72af\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u8cc3\u4e0a\u3052\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff08\u9650\u5b9a\u5ea6\uff09: (A) \u306f\u300c\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u89b3\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u610f\u5473\u306e\u3042\u308b\u8ca1\u653f\u7684\u6551\u6e08\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5931\u6557\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5185\u5bb9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001ring hollow\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u304c\u4f34\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3080\u306a\u3057\u304f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u547d\u984c\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 (B) \u3092\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u306d\u3058\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001(A) \u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\uff14: \u6587\u8108: The judge warned that the defense&#8217;s argument, if carried to its logical conclusion, would \\(\\text{open the floodgates to}\\) endless fraudulent litigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\uff12\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) completely eliminate all legitimate civil lawsuits from the court system<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) trigger an uncontrollable influx of numerous deceptive legal claims<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u9069\u7528:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff11\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u65b9\u5411\uff09: open the floodgates to\uff08\u6c34\u9580\u3092\u958b\u3051\u3066\u6c3e\u6feb\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\uff09\u306f\u3001\u4f55\u304b\u304c\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u6d41\u5165\u30fb\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002(A) \u306f eliminate\uff08\u6392\u9664\u30fb\u6d88\u6ec5\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6975\u6027\u304c\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30fb\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\uff12\uff08\u9650\u5b9a\u5ea6\uff09: (B) \u306f\u300c\u5236\u5fa1\u4e0d\u80fd\u306a\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u8a50\u6b3a\u7684\u8a34\u8a1f\u306e\u6d41\u5165\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u300d\u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\uff08floodgates\uff1d\u6c34\u9580\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 (A) \u3092\u6975\u6027\u77db\u76fe\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001(B) \u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7167\u5408\u6280\u8853\u3092\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7279\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3066\u904b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u672c\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u547d\u984c\u7167\u5408\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M03]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u30fb\u56e0\u679c\u9006\u8ee2\u30fb\u524d\u63d0\u8131\u843d\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u624b\u9806\u306f\u3001M03 \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9577\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u81f4\u554f\u984c\u3078\u3068\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u5178\u578b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u6280\u8853\u3092\u6271\u3046\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u8ab2\u984c\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u63a8\u5b9a\u3068\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u8ad6\u7684\u5171\u8d77\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u6975\u6027\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3001\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b9f\u6226\u7684\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u8996\u5ea7\u304b\u3089\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u96c6\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u8a33\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u53d7\u52d5\u7684\u8aad\u89e3\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3084\u91cd\u5c64\u7684\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u30fb\u63db\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u5f8b\u7684\u904b\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001<strong>\u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u6a2a\u65ad\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u6bd4\u55a9\u89e3\u91c8\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\uff11\u6bb5\u843d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7b2c\uff12\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u305d\u306e\u5834\u306e\u4fee\u8f9e\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3084\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u8c61\u5fb4\u7684\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3081\u305a\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5dee\u304c\u3064\u304f\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5408\u5426\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u300c\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u306f\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u8a18\u61b6\u306b\u983c\u308a\u3001\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u8a33\u3092\u6587\u8108\u306b\u7121\u7406\u3084\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u5408\u683c\u8005\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u88dc\u90e8\uff08\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3001that \u7bc0\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\uff09\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u610f\u5473\u9818\u57df\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6587\u8108\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u6975\u6027\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u304b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u304b\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u9577\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u73fe\u72b6\u306e\u5236\u5ea6\u3084\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u76ae\u8089\u3084\u5371\u6a5f\u611f\u3092\u8fbc\u3081\u3066\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8\u304c\u6301\u3064\u6279\u5224\u7684\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3055\u3001\u898b\u305b\u304b\u3051\u3001\u7121\u8cac\u4efb\u3055\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\u3067\u518d\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u6975\u6027\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3073\u629c\u3051\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6253\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u300c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\uff08\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u5316\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\uff09\u3092\u55c5\u304e\u5206\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u8aa4\u7b54\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u5de7\u5999\u306b\u518d\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001all, completely, exclusively \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u5fcd\u3073\u8fbc\u307e\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\uff12\u8ef8\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3067\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u6700\u7d42\uff12\u629e\u304b\u3089\u3001\uff13\uff10\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5b9f\u6226\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u306e\u6709\u7121\u304c\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u5f97\u70b9\u5dee\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6f14\u7fd2\u554f\u984c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u554f\u984c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8a66\u9a13\u6642\u9593\uff1a40\u5206 \/ \u6e80\u70b9\uff1a100\u70b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u82f1\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u5404\u5927\u554f\u306e\u6307\u793a\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3057\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b21\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8(1)\u301c(3)\u306e\u610f\u5473\u30fb\u8da3\u65e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c(A)\u301c(D)\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3073\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In contemporary constitutional discourse, the concept of procedural due process is frequently celebrated as the cornerstone of individual liberty against autocratic encroachment. Legal historians, however, have long pointed out that formal procedural guarantees can easily degenerate into a mere \\(\\underline{\\text{(1) cosmetic exercise}}\\) if the underlying distribution of socioeconomic power remains intensely skewed. When impoverished defendants face state prosecutors armed with boundless institutional resources, the idealized &#8220;level playing field&#8221; of the adversarial system becomes an ideological fiction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, the rise of automated algorithmic risk-assessment tools in judicial bail decisions has introduced novel structural complexities. Proponents argue that machine-learning algorithms eliminate human prejudice and optimize judicial efficiency. Yet, recent empirical audits reveal that these proprietary systems systematically \\(\\underline{\\text{(2) bake in}}\\) historical racial and socioeconomic biases under the guise of mathematical objectivity. The mathematical models do not eliminate discrimination; rather, they obscure it beneath impenetrable layers of code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To confront this systemic opacity, legal scholars insist that algorithms employed in public adjudication must not operate as \\(\\underline{\\text{(3) black boxes}}\\). The algorithmic criteria that determine human freedom cannot be shielded from rigorous cross-examination simply because they are protected by commercial trade secrecy. True constitutional fidelity requires that procedural transparency be extended to the digital mechanisms of the modern administrative state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \\(\\underline{\\text{cosmetic exercise}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) a medical intervention designed to enhance the physical appearance of defendants<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) a superficial procedure that creates an appearance of fairness without substantive justice<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) an elaborate legal ritual that successfully eliminates underlying socioeconomic disparities<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) an administrative routine that is strictly prohibited by constitutional principles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \\(\\underline{\\text{bake in}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) permanently incorporate and perpetuate as an intrinsic feature of the system<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) completely eradicate through the application of advanced mathematical algorithms<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) temporarily simulate for the purpose of academic laboratory experimentation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) expose to public scrutiny in order to hold software developers legally accountable<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \\(\\underline{\\text{black boxes}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) recording devices installed in aircraft to facilitate post-accident investigations<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) dark physical detention chambers utilized to isolate violent criminal offenders<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) opaque systems whose internal operating mechanisms are completely inaccessible to external scrutiny<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) innovative computational platforms that guarantee absolute security and cryptographic privacy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b21\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8(1)\u301c(3)\u306e\u610f\u5473\u30fb\u8da3\u65e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c(A)\u301c(D)\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3073\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The philosophical debate concerning the ethical boundaries of gene-editing technologies often centers on the distinction between somatic therapy and germline enhancement. While somatic interventions aim to correct severe genetic pathologies within individual patients, germline alterations permanently modify the hereditary transmission of the human genome. Critics vehemently caution that crossing this biological threshold will inevitably \\(\\underline{\\text{(1) open the floodgates to}}\\) unregulated commercial eugenics, wherein genetic advantages are monopolized by affluent elites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proponents of liberal eugenics counter that prohibiting genetic enhancements infringes upon reproductive autonomy. They contend that parents should possess the fundamental liberty to provide their offspring with enhanced cognitive and physical traits, provided that such modifications do not inflict direct harm upon others. However, this libertarian argument completely \\(\\underline{\\text{(2) glosses over}}\\) the collective externalities generated by individual choices. If cognitive enhancement becomes widespread, competitive social pressure will effectively compel all citizens to undergo genetic modification merely to maintain professional viability. Under such coercive conditions, the notion of parental &#8220;choice&#8221; becomes entirely meaningless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moreover, the relentless pursuit of genetic perfection threatens to erode the moral foundations of social solidarity. As political philosopher Michael Sandel has observed, recognizing the &#8220;giftedness&#8221; of human life fosters a humility that underpins egalitarian welfare institutions. If our talents and capacities are perceived as engineered commodities rather than unearned endowments, the willingness of the fortunate to support the disadvantaged will inevitably \\(\\underline{\\text{(3) wither away}}\\).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \\(\\underline{\\text{open the floodgates to}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) construct formidable legal barriers to prevent the introduction of dangerous technologies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) trigger an uncontrollable and overwhelming influx of undesirable consequences<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) initiate a highly regulated and transparent public debate regarding scientific safety<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) cause physical flooding and environmental destruction to agricultural infrastructure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \\(\\underline{\\text{glosses over}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) thoroughly examines and articulates in rigorous analytical detail<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) deliberately avoids dealing with or conceals the significance of a major problem<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) enthusiastically embraces as a positive contribution to theoretical philosophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) demonstrates through mathematical modeling to be completely non-existent<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \\(\\underline{\\text{wither away}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) gradually decline and ultimately cease to exist<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) expand exponentially across diverse socioeconomic sectors<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) transform into a rigid bureaucratic mechanism enforced by state coercion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) flourish under the protection of enlightened public policy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff13\u554f\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b21\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8(1)\u301c(3)\u306e\u610f\u5473\u30fb\u8da3\u65e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c(A)\u301c(D)\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3073\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In analyzing the historical trajectory of international environmental treaties, legal scholars frequently observe a persistent tension between normative ambition and institutional efficacy. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol, while celebrated as a milestone in multilateral diplomacy, ultimately proved \\(\\underline{\\text{(1) toothless}}\\) due to the absence of credible enforcement mechanisms and the non-participation of major industrialized powers. Sovereign states readily embraced binding emissions reduction targets on paper, but domestic economic priorities consistently \\(\\underline{\\text{(2) trumped}}\\) international legal obligations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To overcome this structural paralysis, architects of the 2015 Paris Agreement deliberately abandoned the top-down mandatory model in favor of a decentralized architecture based on Nationally Determined Contributions. Under this framework, countries formulate their own climate pledges, relying on global peer pressure and periodic transparency audits to ratchet up ambition over time. Realist critics argue that this voluntary design merely \\(\\underline{\\text{(3) kicks the can down the road}}\\), substituting procedural compliance for immediate emissions cuts. Nonetheless, defenders maintain that in an anarchic international system lacking centralized enforcement, voluntary engagement coupled with public scrutiny offers the only politically viable pathway forward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \\(\\underline{\\text{toothless}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) suffering from severe dental deterioration caused by malnutrition<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) lacking the genuine legal authority or coercive power to compel compliance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) completely devoid of aggressive intent and universally accepted by all parties<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) formulated through informal oral negotiations rather than formal written treaties<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \\(\\underline{\\text{trumped}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) took precedence over and outweighed in importance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) were completely subordinated to and invalidated by<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) harmonized seamlessly with and reinforced<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) investigated thoroughly through judicial arbitration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \\(\\underline{\\text{kicks the can down the road}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) disposes of industrial physical waste through illegal dumping methods<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) resolves an intractable diplomatic crisis through decisive executive action<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) postpones confronting a difficult problem in the hope that it can be dealt with later<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) encourages active civic participation at the municipal and local levels<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff14\u554f\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b21\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4e0b\u7dda\u90e8(1)\u301c(3)\u306e\u610f\u5473\u30fb\u8da3\u65e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c(A)\u301c(D)\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3073\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The concept of &#8220;surveillance capitalism,&#8221; as articulated by Shoshana Zuboff, describes a novel economic logic grounded in the unilateral extraction of behavioral data from digital platform users. Unlike traditional industrial capitalism, which converted natural resources into commodities for exchange, surveillance capitalism claims human experience as raw material for automated algorithmic processing. Tech conglomerates do not merely observe digital interactions; they \\(\\underline{\\text{(1) monetize}}\\) the behavioral surplus by manufacturing predictive products designed to anticipate and shape future consumer conduct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Crucially, this extractive regime relies on the maintenance of extreme structural asymmetry between the surveillance apparatus and the public. Users are offered free communication utilities, but the true contractual bargain is intentionally obfuscated. Behind the friendly interface of search engines and social networks lies a predatory infrastructure that strips individuals of their epistemic agency. Corporate executives routinely dismiss privacy concerns as the paranoid anxieties of fringe critics, asserting that data aggregation is an inevitable byproduct of technological modernization. However, this self-serving rhetoric \\(\\underline{\\text{(2) rings hollow}}\\) in the wake of continuous disclosures revealing clandestine data harvesting and psychological micro-targeting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The fundamental crisis posed by surveillance capitalism is not merely an infringement on individual privacy; it represents a profound threat to democratic sovereignty itself. When private corporations possess the algorithmic capability to manipulate the informational diet of the electorate, the democratic process itself is \\(\\underline{\\text{(3) compromised}}\\). Self-governance presupposes an autonomous citizenry capable of forming reflective political judgments. If that psychological autonomy is systematically eroded by behavioral modification techniques, the constitutional foundation of democracy collapses from within.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \\(\\underline{\\text{monetize}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) convert an asset or activity into a source of commercial revenue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) destroy the financial viability of an established economic market<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) strictly regulate through governmental anti-trust statutes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) analyze for purely academic and non-profit research purposes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \\(\\underline{\\text{rings hollow}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) echoes loudly across large public gathering spaces<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) sounds genuine and persuasive to the majority of listeners<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) lacks sincerity, credibility, or substantive truth<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) causes severe auditory damage to the human ear<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \\(\\underline{\\text{compromised}}\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(A) settled through amicable mutual concessions between conflicting parties<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(B) rendered vulnerable, undermined, or fundamentally weakened in integrity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(C) expanded exponentially across international jurisdictions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(D) celebrated as a triumph of collaborative legislative compromise<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff11\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8eab\u4f53\u6027\u30fb\u7a7a\u9593\u6027\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\uff08cosmetic, bake in, black boxes\uff09\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u529b\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u767a\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a8\u5206\uff08\u5185\u8a33\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u8aad\u89e33\u5206\u3001\u8a2d\u554f\u51e6\u7406\u54041\u5206\u5f37\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u6b63\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\uff08procedural due process\uff09\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5AI\u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u554f\u984c\u3001\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u900f\u660e\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u76f4\u7403\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) cosmetic exercise: cosmetic\uff08\u5316\u7ca7\u306e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3068 exercise\uff08\u6d3b\u52d5\u3001\u8a13\u7df4\uff09\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e degenerate into\uff08\u301c\u306b\u5815\u843d\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) bake in: \u6599\u7406\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\uff08\u751f\u5730\u306b\u7df4\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u713c\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\uff09\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e proprietary systems systematically &#8230; historical biases \u3068\u3044\u3046\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u5171\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) black boxes: \u5de5\u5b66\u7528\u8a9e\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ee2\u7528\u3002\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e shielded from rigorous cross-examination, commercial trade secrecy \u3068\u3044\u3046\u79d8\u533f\u6027\u306e\u63cf\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) cosmetic \uff1d \u5316\u7ca7 \uff1d \u898b\u305b\u304b\u3051\u306e\u8868\u9762\u3002substantive justice\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\uff09\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) bake in \uff1d \u4e00\u5ea6\u713c\u304d\u8fbc\u3080\u3068\u5206\u96e2\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044 \uff1d \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 20\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) black box \uff1d \u5185\u90e8\u306e\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u88c5\u7f6e \uff1d \u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u306a\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u306a\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u624b\u8853\u306f\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6d88\u53bb\u3002(C)\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u6975\u6027\u77db\u76fe\u3002(D)\u306f\u300c\u61b2\u6cd5\u3067\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306f\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u8cea\u3092\u5931\u3046\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(B)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2)\u3067\u306f\u3001(B)\u306e\u6839\u7d76\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3002(C)\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u7684\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u8ad6\u70b9\u30ba\u30ec\u3002(D)\u306f\u516c\u7684\u8ffd\u53ca\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u304c\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u3092\u300c\u5185\u5305\u30fb\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80fd\u52d5\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(A)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u822a\u7a7a\u6a5f\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306f\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u7f60\u3002(B)\u306e\u6697\u9ed2\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u3082\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002(D)\u306e\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u4fdd\u8a3c\u306f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3078\u306e\u6279\u5224\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u6027\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(C)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B), (2) (A), (3) (C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u683c\u5dee\u304c\u8457\u3057\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u7e55\u3044\u306b\u5815\u843d\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001substantive justice\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\uff09\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u516c\u6b63\u306e\u5916\u89b3\uff08appearance of fairness\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(B)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u5ba2\u89b3\u6027\u306e\u88c5\u3044\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u3092\u300c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u30fb\u5185\u5728\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001permanently incorporate and perpetuate\uff08\u6052\u4e45\u7684\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u6c38\u7d9a\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(A)\u304c\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u300c\u53cd\u8a3c\u3084\u53cd\u5bfe\u5c0b\u554f\u304b\u3089\u906e\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u79d8\u5bc6\u3067\u4fdd\u8b77\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u306e\u7cbe\u67fb\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u306a\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\uff08completely inaccessible to external scrutiny\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(C)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (A)\u306f cosmetic \u306e\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u30fb\u7f8e\u5bb9\u7684\u5b57\u7fa9\u306b\u3068\u3089\u308f\u308c\u305f\u8aa4\u7b54\u3002(C)\u306f\u683c\u5dee\u3092\u89e3\u6d88\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u9006\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002(D)\u306f\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7121\u6839\u62e0\u306a\u6975\u7aef\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (B)\u306f\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a8\u9032\u6d3e\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001Yet \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6279\u5224\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3002(C)\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5b9f\u9a13\u3068\u3057\u3001(D)\u306f\u8cac\u4efb\u8ffd\u53ca\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u70b9\u30ba\u30ec\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (A)\u306f\u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u6700\u3082\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u7528\u4f8b\uff08\u822a\u7a7a\u6a5f\u4e8b\u6545\u8abf\u67fb\u8a18\u9332\u88c5\u7f6e\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\u306e\u7f60\u3002(B)\u306f\u6697\u9ed2\u306e\u7bb1\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002(D)\u306f\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30b7\u30fc\u4fdd\u8b77\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5225\u6587\u8108\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6301\u3061\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u8aa4\u308a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u554f\u3067\u6271\u308f\u308c\u305f\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6839\u5e95\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002(1)\u306e cosmetic \u306f\u3010\u5916\u898b\u306f\u672c\u8cea\u3092\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u304c\u62b1\u3048\u308b\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\u3068\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3092\u544a\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002(2)\u306e bake in \u306f\u3010\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u52a0\u71b1\u6df7\u5408\u3057\u3066\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u306e\u4e00\u4f53\u7269\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6599\u7406\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u504f\u898b\u304c\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u6839\u5e79\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u5199\u50cf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002(3)\u306e black box \u306f\u3010\u5165\u529b\u3068\u51fa\u529b\u306e\u307f\u304c\u89b3\u6e2c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u306a\u88c5\u7f6e\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30cd\u30c6\u30a3\u30af\u30b9\u7531\u6765\u306e\u5de5\u5b66\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u3001\u516c\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u7406\u7531\u958b\u793a\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08duty to give reasons\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9069\u6b63\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306e\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u3068\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u69d8\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u5165\u8a66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6bd4\u55a9\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u969b\u306f\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u8a9e\u611f\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u300c\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u6b63\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u300d\u300c\u5e73\u7b49\u306e\u539f\u5247\u300d\u300c\u900f\u660e\u6027\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u5b66\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u3069\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u3092\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u5236\u5ea6\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u8eab\u4f53\u30fb\u7269\u8cea\u30fb\u5de5\u5b66\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a2024\u5e74\u5ea6\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\uff08\u3072\u3052\u7a0e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u541b\u4e3b\u6a29\u529b\u3068\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u306e\u885d\u7a81\uff09\u30012025\u5e74\u5ea6\u540c\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\uff08\u6df1\u5c64\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u30c7\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb\u30e6\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u502b\u7406\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u306e\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8ee2\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5171\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u610f\u5473\u9650\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u8ffd\u8de1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u901a\u8aac\u63d0\u793a\u304b\u3089 However\/Yet \u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff12\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u502b\u7406\u30fb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5de5\u5b66\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6bd4\u55a9\uff08open the floodgates, gloss over, wither away\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u547d\u984c\u3078\u9084\u5143\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u96e3\u95a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a8\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u7de8\u96c6\u306e\u751f\u6b96\u7d30\u80de\u7cfb\u5217\u3078\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3001\u30ea\u30d9\u30e9\u30eb\u512a\u751f\u5b66\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30b1\u30eb\u30fb\u30b5\u30f3\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u300c\u751f\u306e\u8d08\u4e0e\u6027\uff08giftedness\uff09\u300d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9023\u5e2f\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u751f\u547d\u502b\u7406\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) open the floodgates to: \u6c34\u9580\u3092\u958b\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e crossing this biological threshold\uff08\u3053\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u5883\u754c\u7dda\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff09\u304b\u3089\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) glosses over: \u8868\u9762\u306b\u5149\u6ca2\u5264\u3092\u5857\u3063\u3066\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e However \u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e collective externalities\uff08\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6027\uff09\u306e\u7121\u8996\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) wither away: \u690d\u7269\u304c\u67af\u308c\u679c\u3066\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f the willingness &#8230; to support the disadvantaged\uff08\u5f31\u8005\u3092\u652f\u63f4\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5fd7\uff1d\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9023\u5e2f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \u6c34\u9580\u958b\u653e \uff1d \u6b62\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u6d41\u5165 \uff1d \u6b6f\u6b62\u3081\u306e\u5229\u304b\u306a\u3044\u60aa\u5f0a\u306e\u8513\u5ef6\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) gloss over \uff1d \u4e0a\u8fba\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u7e55\u3063\u3066\u898b\u9003\u3059 \uff1d \u91cd\u5927\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u7121\u8996\u30fb\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 20\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) wither away \uff1d \u67af\u6e07\u3057\u3066\u6d88\u6ec5\u3059\u308b \uff1d \u9023\u5e2f\u610f\u8b58\u306e\u8870\u9000\u3068\u6d88\u6ec5\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u969c\u58c1\u69cb\u7bc9\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3002(C)\u306e\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f floodgates \u306e\u7834\u58ca\u7684\u30fb\u5927\u91cf\u6d41\u5165\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3068\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002(D)\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6d2a\u6c34\u306f\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(B)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u5206\u6790\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3002(C)\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u53d7\u5bb9\u306f However \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u30c8\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3002(D)\u306e\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u8a3c\u660e\u306f\u8ad6\u70b9\u30ba\u30ec\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(B)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3)\u3067\u306f\u3001(B)\u306e\u7206\u767a\u7684\u62e1\u5927\u3001(D)\u306e\u7e41\u6804\u306f\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3002(C)\u306e\u5b98\u50da\u7684\u5f37\u5236\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3078\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(A)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B), (2) (B), (3) (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \u751f\u6b96\u7d30\u80de\u7cfb\u5217\u306e\u6539\u5909\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5883\u754c\u3092\u4e00\u5ea6\u3067\u3082\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6b6f\u6b62\u3081\u304c\u5229\u304b\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u5546\u696d\u7684\u512a\u751f\u5b66\u304c\u62bc\u3057\u5bc4\u305b\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b66\u544a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001trigger an uncontrollable and overwhelming influx of undesirable consequences\uff08\u5236\u5fa1\u4e0d\u80fd\u304b\u3064\u5727\u5012\u7684\u306a\u671b\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u6d41\u5165\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(B)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u306a\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u8005\u3078\u306e\u5f37\u5236\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6027\uff08\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\u3092\u300c\u898b\u3066\u898b\u306c\u3075\u308a\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u96a0\u853d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001deliberately avoids dealing with or conceals\uff08\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(B)\u304c\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \u624d\u80fd\u304c\u904b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6075\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044\u4eba\u3005\u3092\u652f\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5bcc\u88d5\u5c64\u306e\u610f\u5fd7\u304c\u6b21\u7b2c\u306b\u8870\u9000\u3057\u6d88\u6ec5\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001gradually decline and ultimately cease to exist\uff08\u5f90\u3005\u306b\u8870\u9000\u3057\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(A)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (A)\u306f\u969c\u58c1\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3068\u3057\u3001(C)\u306f\u898f\u5236\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u3068\u3057\u3001(D)\u306f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u6c34\u5bb3\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (A)\u306f\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3057\u3001(C)\u306f\u6b53\u8fce\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3057\u3001(D)\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (B)\u3068(D)\u306f\u9023\u5e2f\u610f\u8b58\u304c\u62e1\u5927\u30fb\u7e41\u6804\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3002(C)\u306f\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u5f37\u5236\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7121\u6839\u62e0\u306a\u98db\u8e8d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u554f\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u54f2\u5b66\u30fb\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u30ba\u7684\u683c\u5dee\u539f\u7406\u300d\u3068\u300c\u30b5\u30f3\u30c7\u30eb\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u8ad6\u300d\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u624d\u80fd\u3084\u5065\u5eb7\u304c\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u306e\u5b9d\u304f\u3058\uff08natural lottery\uff09\u300d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u672a\u7372\u5f97\u306e\u6069\u6075\uff08unearned endowments\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u4e86\u89e3\u304c\u3042\u3063\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u3001\u798f\u7949\u56fd\u5bb6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bcc\u306e\u518d\u5206\u914d\u3084\u5f31\u8005\u652f\u63f4\u306f\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u7de8\u96c6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u512a\u751f\u5b66\u7684\u6539\u5909\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4eba\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u306e\u5076\u7136\u6027\u3092\u300c\u6280\u8853\u7684\u9078\u629e\u306e\u7523\u7269\u300d\u3078\u3068\u89e3\u4f53\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6210\u529f\u8005\u306f\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u512a\u4f4d\u3092\u81ea\u5df1\u8cac\u4efb\u30fb\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3068\u932f\u899a\u3057\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f31\u8005\u3078\u306e\u9023\u5e2f\u3092\u62d2\u7d76\u3059\u308b\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u3002(1)\u306e floodgates \u306f\u3010\u5824\u9632\u304c\u6c7a\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u6c34\u304c\u6ea2\u308c\u308b\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u9650\u754c\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3001(2)\u306e gloss over \u306f\u3010\u6b20\u9665\u306e\u3042\u308b\u8868\u9762\u306b\u5857\u6599\u3092\u5857\u3063\u3066\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u899a\u7684\u6b3a\u779e\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3001(3)\u306e wither away \u306f\u3010\u751f\u547d\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u990a\u5206\u3092\u7d76\u305f\u308c\u305f\u6709\u6a5f\u4f53\u304c\u67af\u6b7b\u3059\u308b\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u6d88\u6ec5\u306e\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u30ea\u30d9\u30e9\u30eb\u3067\u81ea\u5f8b\u7684\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9078\u629e\u304c\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u502b\u7406\u7684\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u502b\u7406\u3001\u6cd5\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5148\u7aef\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u8853\u3068\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u6271\u3046\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5d29\u58ca\u3084\u502b\u7406\u7684\u9000\u884c\u3092\u8b66\u544a\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a2025\u5e74\u5ea6\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\uff08\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u8a8d\u8b58\u6280\u8853\u3068\u6df1\u5c64\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u8ecd\u4e8b\u30fb\u502b\u7406\u7684\u30c7\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb\u30e6\u30fc\u30b9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u502b\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u79fb\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u63db\u8a00\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u305f\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u8907\u6570\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u500b\u5225\u4e8b\u4f8b\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u304b\u3089\u793e\u4f1a\u5168\u4f53\u3078\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u5c0e\u51fa\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u624b\u9806\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff13\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u30fb\u591a\u56fd\u9593\u74b0\u5883\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u5b9f\u52b9\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u3084\u5148\u9001\u308a\u653f\u6cbb\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6163\u7528\u8868\u73fe\uff08toothless, trumped, kicks the can down the road\uff09\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u63db\u8a00\u529b\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u767a\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a7\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u4eac\u90fd\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\uff08\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u578b\u30fb\u6cd5\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u529b\uff09\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3068\u30d1\u30ea\u5354\u5b9a\uff08\u30dc\u30c8\u30e0\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u578b\u30fb\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u30d7\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\uff09\u3078\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3092\u3081\u3050\u308b\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u30fb\u56fd\u969b\u653f\u6cbb\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) toothless: \u6b6f\u306e\u306a\u3044\uff08\u565b\u307f\u3064\u3051\u306a\u3044\uff09\u6bd4\u55a9\u3002\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e due to the absence of credible enforcement mechanisms\uff08\u4fe1\u983c\u306b\u8db3\u308b\u57f7\u884c\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u6b20\u5982\uff09\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) trumped: \u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30d7\u306e\u5207\u308a\u672d\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u6bd4\u55a9\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e domestic economic priorities \u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e international legal obligations \u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) kicks the can down the road: \u7a7a\u304d\u7f36\u3092\u8e74\u3063\u3066\u5148\u3078\u8ee2\u304c\u3059\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u3002\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e substituting procedural compliance for immediate emissions cuts\uff08\u5373\u6642\u524a\u6e1b\u3092\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u7684\u9075\u5b88\u306b\u3059\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b\uff09\u3068\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) toothless \uff1d \u57f7\u884c\u529b\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044 \uff1d \u5f37\u5236\u529b\u30fb\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9f\u52b9\u6027\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) trumped \uff1d \u5207\u308a\u672d\u3067\u52dd\u3064 \uff1d \u512a\u5148\u3059\u308b\u3001\u512a\u8d8a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) kick the can down the road \uff1d \u96e3\u554f\u306e\u5148\u9001\u308a \uff1d \u6839\u672c\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3057\u3066\u5c06\u6765\u3078\u5148\u9001\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 20\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u6b6f\u306e\u75c5\u6c17\u306f\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002(C)\u306e\u4fb5\u7565\u7684\u610f\u56f3\u306e\u4e0d\u5728\u306f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u30fb\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u305a\u3089\u3057\u3002(D)\u306e\u53e3\u982d\u4ea4\u6e09\u306f\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(B)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2)\u3067\u306f\u3001(B)\u306e\u52a3\u5f8c\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u306f\u4e3b\u5ba2\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\u3002(C)\u306e\u8abf\u548c\u306f\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3002(D)\u306e\u53f8\u6cd5\u5be9\u67fb\u306f\u8ad6\u70b9\u30ba\u30ec\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(A)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u30b4\u30df\u306e\u4e0d\u6cd5\u6295\u68c4\u306f\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002(B)\u306e\u65ad\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u89e3\u6c7a\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3002(D)\u306e\u5e02\u6c11\u53c2\u52a0\u306f\u5225\u6587\u8108\u306e\u5584\u884c\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(C)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B), (2) (A), (3) (C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u300c\u4fe1\u983c\u306b\u8db3\u308b\u57f7\u884c\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u300d\u3068\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6761\u7d04\u304c\u56fd\u5bb6\u3092\u5f93\u308f\u305b\u308b\u5f37\u5236\u529b\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001lacking the genuine legal authority or coercive power to compel compliance\uff08\u9075\u5b88\u3092\u5f37\u5236\u3059\u308b\u771f\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u6a29\u9650\u3084\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u529b\u3092\u6b20\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(B)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \u56fd\u5185\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u304c\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3088\u308a\u3082\u512a\u5148\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6a29\u306e\u73fe\u5b9f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001took precedence over and outweighed in importance\uff08\u301c\u306b\u512a\u5148\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e0a\u56de\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(A)\u304c\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \u75db\u307f\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u5373\u5ea7\u306e\u6392\u51fa\u524a\u6e1b\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u306e\u63d0\u51fa\u3068\u3044\u3046\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3067\u304a\u8336\u3092\u6fc1\u3057\u3066\u554f\u984c\u3092\u5c06\u6765\u3078\u6301\u3061\u8d8a\u3059\u5148\u9001\u308a\u653f\u6cbb\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001postpones confronting a difficult problem in the hope that it can be dealt with later\uff08\u5f8c\u3067\u5bfe\u51e6\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u671f\u5f85\u3057\u3066\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306e\u5bfe\u5cd9\u3092\u5148\u9001\u308a\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(C)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (A)\u306f\u6b6f\u79d1\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7f60\u3002(C)\u306f\u5e73\u548c\u7684\u6761\u7d04\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7684\u5916\u308c\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3002(D)\u306f\u53e3\u982d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5408\u610f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (B)\u306f\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u304c\u512a\u5148\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u5ba2\u9006\u8ee2\u3002(C)\u306f\u7d4c\u6e08\u3068\u74b0\u5883\u304c\u8abf\u548c\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672c\u6587\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002(D)\u306f\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u70b9\u30ba\u30ec\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (A)\u306f\u7a7a\u304d\u7f36\u3092\u9053\u8def\u306b\u30dd\u30a4\u6368\u3066\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u9023\u60f3\u306e\u7f60\u3002(B)\u306f\u56f0\u96e3\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u89e3\u6c7a\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002(D)\u306f\u8349\u306e\u6839\u5e02\u6c11\u6d3b\u52d5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u7f8e\u8f9e\u9e97\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u5b66\u30fb\u56fd\u969b\u95a2\u4fc2\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u6a29\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306b\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6a29\u7684\u306a\u66b4\u529b\u88c5\u7f6e\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u5e9c\u3084\u4e16\u754c\u8b66\u5bdf\uff09\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300c\u30a2\u30ca\u30fc\u30ad\u30fc\uff08\u7121\u653f\u5e9c\u72b6\u614b\uff09\u300d\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u56fd\u5bb6\u306b\u56fd\u969b\u5408\u610f\u3092\u9075\u5b88\u3055\u305b\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u30b3\u30f3\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u554f\u984c\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002(1)\u306e toothless \u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u57f7\u884c\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u5f37\u5236\u5236\u88c1\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u7259\uff08teeth\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u6cd5\u898f\u7bc4\u306e\u7121\u529b\u3055\u3092\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002(2)\u306e trump \u306f\u30ab\u30fc\u30c9\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u5207\u308a\u672d\u304b\u3089\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u56fd\u76ca\u3068\u56fd\u969b\u898f\u7bc4\u304c\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u4e3b\u6a29\u56fd\u5bb6\u304c\u56fd\u76ca\u3092\u6700\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306e\u898f\u7bc4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u767a\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u73fe\u5b9f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3002(3)\u306e kick the can down the road \u306f\u3001\u76ee\u306e\u524d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u969c\u5bb3\u7269\u3092\u62fe\u3044\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u7247\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8db3\u3067\u8e74\u3063\u3066\u5c11\u3057\u5148\u3078\u3068\u79fb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u304c\u9078\u6319\u3084\u4efb\u671f\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u75db\u307f\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u629c\u672c\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u3092\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u3078\u62bc\u3057\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u300c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u5316\u300d\u306e\u75c5\u7406\u3092\u66b4\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u8aad\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u51fa\u81ea\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u5b9f\u52b9\u6027\uff08efficacy\uff09\u3092\u3081\u3050\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u3078\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u56fd\u969b\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u6cd5\u3001\u591a\u56fd\u9593\u4ea4\u6e09\u3092\u6271\u3046\u6587\u7ae0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u6a29\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u5229\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3084\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u5b9f\u52b9\u6027\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3059\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u30fb\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30aa\u30e0\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a2024\u5e74\u5ea6\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\uff08\u30d4\u30e7\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u5927\u5e1d\u306e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ab2\u7a0e\u3068\u6559\u4f1a\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\uff09\u30012026\u5e74\u5ea6\u540c\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\uff08\u30cf\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u75c5\u8a34\u8a1f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u56fd\u5bb6\u88dc\u511f\u3068\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u53e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u9023\u8a9e\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6301\u3064\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5206\u6790\u624b\u9806\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u56fd\u969b\u6a5f\u95a2\u3084\u6761\u7d04\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u306e\u6307\u6458\u304b\u3089\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u6a21\u7d22\u3078\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u6280\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\uff14\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u793e\u4f1a\u30fb\u76e3\u8996\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\uff08monetize\uff09\u3001\u8074\u899a\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\uff08rings hollow\uff09\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\uff08compromised\uff09\u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u53b3\u5bc6\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u96e3\u95a2\u4e0a\u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a7\u5206<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u30b7\u30e7\u30b7\u30e3\u30ca\u30fb\u30ba\u30dc\u30d5\u306e\u300e\u76e3\u8996\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u6642\u4ee3\u300f\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7121\u65ad\u62bd\u51fa\u3001\u884c\u52d5\u4e88\u6e2c\u88fd\u54c1\u306e\u5546\u696d\u5316\u3001\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e16\u8ad6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3068\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) monetize: money \u304b\u3089\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e the behavioral surplus\uff08\u884c\u52d5\u4f59\u5270\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) rings hollow: \u91d1\u5c5e\u5668\u304c\u920d\u3044\u97f3\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e self-serving rhetoric\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u4fdd\u8eab\u306e\u30ec\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e clandestine data harvesting\uff08\u79d8\u5bc6\u88cf\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u53ce\u96c6\uff09\u306e\u66b4\u9732\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) compromised: \u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e compromise \u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u30fb\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306f the democratic process itself\uff08\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\uff09\u3002\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e collapses from within\uff08\u5185\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) monetize \uff1d \u91d1\u92ad\u5316\u3059\u308b \uff1d \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u53ce\u76ca\u306e\u6e90\u6cc9\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) rings hollow \uff1d \u97ff\u304d\u304c\u7a7a\u6d1e\u3067\u3042\u308b \uff1d \u8aa0\u5b9f\u3055\u3084\u771f\u5b9f\u5473\u3092\u6b20\u304d\u3001\u5618\u3063\u307d\u304f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u308b\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 15\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) compromised \uff1d \u59a5\u5354\u3057\u305f\u3001\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3001\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3002\u6240\u8981\u6642\u9593: 20\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1)\u3067\u306f\u3001(B)\u306e\u5e02\u5834\u7834\u58ca\u3001(C)\u306e\u53cd\u30c8\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u898f\u5236\u3001(D)\u306e\u975e\u55b6\u5229\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u5229\u76ca\u5275\u51fa\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(A)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u5927\u97f3\u97ff\u3001(D)\u306e\u8074\u899a\u969c\u5bb3\u306f\u5b57\u7fa9\u7684\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002(B)\u306e\u8aac\u5f97\u529b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306f\u9006\u6975\u6027\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066(C)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3)\u3067\u306f\u3001(A)\u306e\u548c\u89e3\u30fb\u59a5\u5354\u3001(D)\u306e\u6cd5\u306a\u5408\u610f\u306f\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u7b2c\u4e00\u7fa9\uff08\u59a5\u5354\u3059\u308b\uff09\u306e\u7f60\u3002(C)\u306e\u56fd\u969b\u7684\u62e1\u5927\u306f\u8ad6\u70b9\u30ba\u30ec\u3002\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u571f\u53f0\u304c\u4fb5\u98df\u3055\u308c\u5d29\u58ca\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u6975\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001(B)\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (A), (2) (C), (3) (B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u539f\u6750\u6599\u3068\u3057\u3066\u884c\u52d5\u4e88\u6e2c\u88fd\u54c1\u3092\u88fd\u9020\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8ca9\u58f2\u3057\u3066\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76e3\u8996\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u53ce\u76ca\u5316\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001convert an asset or activity into a source of commercial revenue\uff08\u8cc7\u7523\u3084\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u5546\u696d\u7684\u53ce\u76ca\u306e\u6e90\u6cc9\u3078\u8ee2\u63db\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(A)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u4f01\u696d\u306e\u300c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306a\u526f\u7523\u7269\u3060\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81ea\u5df1\u4fdd\u8eab\u306e\u5f01\u660e\u304c\u3001\u4e0d\u6b63\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u53ce\u96c6\u306e\u66b4\u9732\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u305d\u306e\u6b3a\u779e\u3092\u66b4\u304b\u308c\u3001\u8aac\u5f97\u529b\u3084\u771f\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u5931\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001lacks sincerity, credibility, or substantive truth\uff08\u8aa0\u5b9f\u3055\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u771f\u5b9f\u3092\u6b20\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(C)\u304c\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) \u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u64cd\u4f5c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u300c\u5065\u5168\u6027\u3092\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001rendered vulnerable, undermined, or fundamentally weakened in integrity\uff08\u8106\u5f31\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306b\u5f31\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059(B)\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) (B)\u306f\u5e02\u5834\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3057\u3001(C)\u306f\u72ec\u5360\u7981\u6b62\u6cd5\u3067\u898f\u5236\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3057\u3001(D)\u306f\u975e\u55b6\u5229\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) (A)\u306f\u5927\u97f3\u91cf\u3067\u97ff\u304d\u6e21\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u97f3\u97ff\u306e\u7f60\u3002(B)\u306f\u771f\u5b9f\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u6975\u6027\u3002(D)\u306f\u8033\u306e\u9f13\u819c\u3092\u50b7\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) (A)\u3068(D)\u306f compromise \u306e\u6700\u3082\u521d\u6b69\u7684\u306a\u8f9e\u66f8\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\uff08\u59a5\u5354\u3059\u308b\u3001\u548c\u89e3\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3092\u6587\u8108\u3068\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u305f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u7f60\u3002(C)\u306f\u7ba1\u8f44\u6a29\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u4e0d\u660e\u306a\u8a18\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u554f\u306e(3)\u3067\u554f\u308f\u308c\u305f compromise \u306f\u3001\u96e3\u95a2\u5927\u5b66\u5165\u8a66\u306e\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u306f\u300c\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u304c\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u8b72\u6b69\u3057\u3066\u59a5\u5354\u30fb\u548c\u89e3\u3059\u308b\uff08reach an agreement by mutual concession\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u30fb\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540d\u8a5e\uff08principles, security, immune system, integrity, democracy \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3068\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff08be compromised\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u300c\uff08\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u539f\u5247\u3084\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u66f2\u3052\u3066\u5371\u967a\u306b\u6652\u3059\u3001\u50b7\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3001\u640d\u306a\u3046\uff08expose to danger, undermine, weaken, jeopardize\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5f37\u3044\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u3002\u672c\u554f\u3067\u306f democracy \u3084 autonomous citizenry \u3068\u3044\u3046\u61b2\u6cd5\u79e9\u5e8f\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff09\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u59a5\u5354\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u4e3b\u6a29\u306e\u6839\u5e95\u7684\u4fb5\u98df\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001(2)\u306e ring hollow \u306f\u3010\u8ca8\u5e63\u3084\u9418\u3092\u53e9\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u304c\u8a70\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u6f84\u3093\u3060\u97f3\u304c\u9cf4\u308b\u304c\u3001\u507d\u8ca8\u3084\u7a7a\u6d1e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u920d\u3044\u97f3\u304c\u3059\u308b\u3011\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u9451\u5225\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u306b\u8aa0\u5b9f\u3055\u3084\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u304c\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6b3a\u779e\u3092\u66b4\u304f\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u502b\u7406\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001AI \u7d71\u6cbb\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u53ce\u76ca\u5316\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3084\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08compromise, undermine \u7b49\uff09\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u985e\u984c\uff1a2025\u5e74\u5ea6\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u82f1\u8a9e\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\uff08\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u8a8d\u8b58\u6280\u8853\u3068\u6df1\u5c64\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u8ecd\u6c11\u4e21\u7528\u6027\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u610f\u5473\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u5206\u5c90\u3059\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08compromise \u7b49\uff09\u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u5206\u6790\u3068\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\uff08\u76e3\u8996\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u5909\u5bb9\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8ad6\u65e8\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u6280\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b66\u7fd2\u8a55\u4fa1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u69cb\u6210<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u914d\u70b9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u5927\u554f<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u767a\u5c55<\/td><td>50\u70b9<\/td><td>\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u554f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u96e3\u95a2<\/td><td>50\u70b9<\/td><td>\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\u3001\u7b2c\uff14\u554f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u6d3b\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u5f97\u70b9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u5224\u5b9a<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u63a8\u5968\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>85\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/td><td>A<\/td><td>\u904e\u53bb\u554f\u6f14\u7fd2\u3078\u79fb\u884c\u3002\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u904e\u5e74\u5ea6\u904e\u53bb\u554f\uff082021\u301c2026\u5e74\uff09\u3092\u5b9f\u6226\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u89e3\u304d\u3001\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u5f0f\u82f1\u4f5c\u6587\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u6975\u9650\u307e\u3067\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>70-84\u70b9<\/td><td>B<\/td><td>\u8003\u7a76\u5c64\u7b2c\uff15\u8a18\u4e8b\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b2c\uff16\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u5b66\u7fd2\u3002\u7279\u306b\u300c\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30ad\u30ba\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u300d\u3068\u300c\u8a55\u4fa1\u6975\u6027\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u300d\u3092\u518d\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u3001\u7d1b\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\uff12\u629e\u3067\u306e\u5931\u70b9\u3092\u6839\u7d76\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>55-69\u70b9<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>\u57fa\u790e\u4f53\u7cfb [\u57fa\u790e M30] \u304a\u3088\u3073\u8003\u7a76\u5c64\u7b2c\uff11\u301c\u7b2c\uff14\u8a18\u4e8b\u306b\u623b\u308a\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u6982\u5ff5\u30e1\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u306e\u5199\u50cf\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u57fa\u790e\u304b\u3089\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>55\u70b9\u672a\u6e80<\/td><td>D<\/td><td>\u57fa\u790e\u4f53\u7cfb [\u57fa\u790e M01]\uff08\u6587\u578b\u5224\u5b9a\uff09\u304a\u3088\u3073 [\u57fa\u790e M23]\uff08\u63a8\u8ad6\u3068\u542b\u610f\uff09\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u5fa9\u7fd2\u5f8c\u3001\u672c\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u5168\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u7cbe\u8aad\u3068\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5206\u89e3\u3092\u3084\u308a\u76f4\u3059\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u8981\u65e8\u628a\u63e1\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u8ad6\u8a3c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u6587\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5927\u57df\u7684\u8aad\u89e3\u6280\u8853\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u500b\u5225 M03]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u672c\u554f\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u8a9e\u7fa9\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u541f\u5473\u3092\u3001\u9577\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u81f4\u554f\u984c\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6b63\u8aa4\u5224\u5b9a\u554f\u984c\u3078\u3068\u62e1\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[\u57fa\u790e M30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2514 \u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u8a9e\u6cd5\u3068\u6587\u8108\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u7fa9\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u591a\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3068\u6bd4\u55a9\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8131\u69cb\u7bc9\u624b\u9806\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3002\u6587\u8108\u6975\u6027\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7b49\u4fa1\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8aa4\u7b54\u6392\u9664\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u96e3\u89e3\u8a9e\u7fa9\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u63db\u8a00\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306e\u78ba\u5b9f\u306a\u5f97\u70b9\u529b\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11,28,636],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-waseda","category-wlaw","category-wlaw-english"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- 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