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\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u9593\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6307\u793a\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u4ee3\u7528\u3001\u7701\u7565\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u304c\u6587\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u6587\u3068\u6587\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u578b\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u9805\u306e\u914d\u5217\u304b\u3089\u6587\u306e\u9aa8\u5e79\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u6587\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u9805\u304b\u4ed8\u52a0\u8a5e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M01]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11. \u5c40\u6240\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u304b\u3089\u6587\u9593\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3078\u306e\u8996\u5ea7\u8ee2\u63db<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u3092\u89e3\u304f\u969b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u6570\u8a9e\u306b\u306e\u307f\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u306f\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u8aad\u3092\u62db\u304f\u4e3b\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9023\u95a2\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u6587\u5b8c\u7d50\u578b\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u304b\u3089\u6587\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u305f\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3078\u3068\u8996\u5ea7\u3092\u79fb\u884c\u3055\u305b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u8ac7\u8a71\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6280\u8853\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff11. \u4e00\u6587\u5b8c\u7d50\u578b\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3068\u6587\u5883\u754c\u6a2a\u65ad\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u5358\u4f53\u3067\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306f\u3001\u89e3\u6cd5\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u5165\u8a66\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u591a\u304f\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6587\u5358\u4f53\u3067\u5b8c\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u8aa4\u5224\u5b9a\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u9650\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3053\u3068\u306f\u539f\u7406\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8a9e\u53e5\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6587\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u70b9\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u6e96\u5099\u3059\u308b\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u89e3\u6cd5\u306e\u8d77\u70b9\u306f\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u3092\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u547d\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u7d42\u7aef\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u59cb\u7aef\u90e8\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u308b\u8996\u5ea7\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3068\u6587\u8108\u9069\u5408\u6027\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6587\u9593\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5185\u90e8\u3067\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u6b20\u843d\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u3068\u6587\u3092\u7e4b\u3050\u526f\u8a5e\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u6587\u672b\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u6587\u982d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3079\u304d\u7d50\u5408\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The appellate court overturned the initial ruling, \\(\\text{asserting}\\) that procedural justice had been compromised. However, this legal interpretation was severely contested by constitutional scholars. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u7b2c2\u6587\u306e However \u306f\u3001\u7b2c1\u6587\u306e\u5224\u6c7a\u7834\u68c4\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001asserting \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u6355\u6349\u3057\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The rapid deployment of algorithmic surveillance has created profound ethical dilemmas. To address these unprecedented challenges, international organizations have proposed strict regulatory frameworks. \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5\u5185\u306e these unprecedented challenges \u306f\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e ethical dilemmas \u3092\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3068\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u8868\u3059\u524d\u7f6e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u304c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The legislative assembly passed the controversial taxation bill without substantial debate. \\(\\text{Consequently}\\), widespread demonstrations erupted across several industrial municipalities. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306b Nevertheless \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u6848\u53ef\u6c7a\u304c\u7269\u8b70\u3092\u91b8\u3059\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u5370\u8c61\u306e\u307f\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u30c7\u30e2\u767a\u751f\u306e\u9593\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u53ef\u6c7a\u304c\u30c7\u30e2\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9806\u63a5\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3092 Consequently \u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: Classical economic theory presupposes rational actors striving to maximize utility. Under this theoretical paradigm, market anomalies are dismissed as transient deviations. \u2192 \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u5185\u306e this theoretical paradigm \u306f\u3001\u7b2c1\u6587\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3059\u308b\u6307\u793a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff12. \u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u89e3\u6790\u3068\u8ac7\u8a71\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u540c\u6642\u6355\u6349<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u6587\u89e3\u6790\u3068\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u5927\u57df\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u628a\u63e1\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u540c\u6642\u306b\u9042\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u76f8\u88dc\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u914d\u5217\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u540c\u6642\u306b\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8ad6\u8a3c\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u62c5\u3046\u3079\u304d\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u5272\u308a\u632f\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5f93\u3048\u3070\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u54c1\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u3073\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306e\u307f\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308c\u3070\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u306a\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8996\u5ea7\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4e21\u9762\u304b\u3089\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u631f\u6483\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5b9f\u8df5\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5360\u3081\u308b\u3079\u304d\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3001\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3068\u5f53\u8a72\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5f53\u8a72\u6587\u304c\u4e3b\u984c\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u62e0\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u53cd\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u7fa4\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u8ad6\u8a3c\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u304c\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The defendant claimed that the financial transactions were legitimate business expenses; \\(\\text{moreover}\\), independent auditors corroborated his testimony. \u2192 \u30bb\u30df\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u3068\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u306b\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5927\u57df\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b2c1\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u7b2c2\u7bc0\u306e\u8a3c\u8a00\u304c\u88dc\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ed8\u52a0\u30fb\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3092\u793a\u3059 moreover \u304c\u9078\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The empirical evidence collected from deep-sea sediment cores contradicts the prevailing climate model; \\(\\text{nevertheless}\\), the scientific consensus remains largely unchanged. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a3c\u62e0\u306e\u77db\u76fe\u3068\u3044\u3046\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5b66\u8aac\u306e\u5408\u610f\u304c\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9006\u63a5\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089 nevertheless \u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The treaty was designed to establish maritime boundaries; \\(\\text{otherwise}\\), jurisdictional disputes would inevitably escalate into armed confrontations. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7bc0\u304c\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e would \u304c\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u3092\u5185\u5305\u3059\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e otherwise \u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The municipal council approved the construction of the industrial complex; \\(\\text{although}\\), local residents expressed serious concerns regarding air quality. \u2192 \u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u7a7a\u6240\u306b Although \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304c\u9006\u63a5\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u307f\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e although \u306f\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u6587\u4fee\u98fe\u306e\u526f\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e however \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u7bc0\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u69cb\u6587\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u5927\u57df\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u9069\u683c\u6027\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12. \u5148\u884c\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u7167\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\u3092\u88dc\u5145\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7167\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u8ffd\u8de1\u304c\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u6210\u5426\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u611f\u899a\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u306b\u983c\u308b\u3068\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7167\u5fdc\u8ffd\u8de1\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff11. \u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5019\u88dc\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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\u4f8b1: The regulatory commission cross-examined the senior executives of the multinational corporation because \\(\\text{they}\\) had deliberately concealed critical safety data. \u2192 \u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e they \u306e\u5019\u88dc\u306b\u306f commission, executives, data \u304c\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001concealed \u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u3068\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u306e\u306f\u8907\u6570\u304b\u3064\u6709\u60c5\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b the senior executives \u306b\u9650\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The research institute published a comprehensive critique of the controversial environmental policy, arguing that \\(\\text{it}\\) failed to incorporate recent ecological findings. \u2192 it \u306f\u5358\u6570\u30fb\u975e\u60c5\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044 the research institute \u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u6279\u5224\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b the controversial environmental policy \u304c\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The archaeologists excavated several ancient tombs and a subterranean ceremonial chamber; \\(\\text{they}\\) contained well-preserved bronze artifacts from the early Iron Age. \u2192 they \u306e\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u767a\u6398\u8005\u3068\u767a\u6398\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001contained\uff08\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u53ce\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3068\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b several ancient tombs \u304c\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The supervising professor congratulated the doctoral candidate after \\(\\text{she}\\) successfully defended her dissertation before the committee. \u2192 she \u3092\u76f4\u524d\u306e the committee \u3084\u6587\u982d\u306e professor \u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3046\u308b\u3002\u5be9\u67fb\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u5358\u6570\u96c6\u5408\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e she \u3068\u7d20\u6027\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u305f\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u53e3\u982d\u8a66\u554f\u3092\u9632\u885b\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u4f53\u306f\u5b66\u4f4d\u7533\u8acb\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u3068\u610f\u5473\u5f79\u5272\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001the doctoral candidate \u304c\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u7d20\u6027\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7167\u5fdc\u5224\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff12. \u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e this \u3068 that \u304c\u62c5\u3046\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u306e\u5224\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e this \u3084 that \u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u898b\u6975\u3081\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002this \u306f\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u8c61\u3084\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304e\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u63a8\u9032\u529b\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001that \u306f\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6240\u8aac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u691c\u8a0e\u3084\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u8ac7\u8a71\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u3044\u3067\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u6279\u5224\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7279\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u7269\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u4e8b\u614b\u3084\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8868\u3059\u62bd\u8c61\u547d\u984c\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u547d\u984c\u8981\u6c42\u578b\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08means, indicates, suggests, proves \u7b49\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\u304c this \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u8db3\u5834\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001that \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5ba2\u89b3\u5316\u30fb\u76f8\u5bfe\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u7167\u5fdc\u7bc4\u56f2\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The global supply chain relies excessively on single-source manufacturing hubs. \\(\\text{This}\\) poses severe vulnerabilities in the event of regional geopolitical crises. \u2192 This \u306f\u524d\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\uff08\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u57df\u3078\u306e\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u4f9d\u5b58\uff09\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e poses \u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5371\u6a5f\u8981\u56e0\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u3044\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: Traditional legal frameworks assumed that intellectual property was inextricably linked to physical media. \\(\\text{That}\\) was a tenable assumption before the advent of digital reproduction technologies. \u2192 That \u306f\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6cd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u547d\u984c\u3092\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u5ba2\u89b3\u8996\u3057\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7121\u52b9\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The central bank lowered the reserve requirement ratio by fifty basis points. \\(\\text{This}\\) was intended to stimulate commercial lending during the economic downturn. \u2192 This \u306f\u5229\u4e0b\u3052\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u63aa\u7f6e\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6a19\u3092\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The experimental apparatus malfunctioned during the critical phase of the trial, and \\(\\text{that}\\) resulted in the catastrophic loss of six months of collected data. \u2192 that \u3092\u76f4\u524d\u306e trial \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u307f\u306e\u7167\u5fdc\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6cbb\u9a13\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u6d88\u5931\u3092\u62db\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u8aa4\u308a\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u306f\u3001resulted in \u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e8b\u8c61\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\uff08\u88c5\u7f6e\u306e\u6545\u969c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\uff09\u304c that \u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u6d88\u5931\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56db\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u3068\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13. \u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4ee3\u7528\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ff0\u8a9e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9577\u6587\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6587\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u9593\u3067\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6b20\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u969c\u58c1\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u307e\u3055\u306b\u305d\u306e\u7701\u7565\u7b87\u6240\u3084\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u8a2d\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u57fa\u5e95\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u4ee3\u7528\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u305f\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u88dc\u5b8c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff11. \u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e one \u3068 that \u306b\u3088\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u7f6e\u63db\u306e\u5883\u754c\u753b\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e one \u3068 that\uff08\u8907\u6570\u5f62\u306f ones \u3068 those\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7f6e\u63db\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002one \u306f\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\uff09\u306e\u307f\u3092\u4ee3\u7528\u3057\u3001\u51a0\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4fee\u98fe\u3092\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001that \u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u306b\u4ee3\u7528\u3057\u3001\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u53e5\uff08of \u53e5\u3084\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\uff09\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u69cb\u6587\u306a\u3069\u3067\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3084\u5f8c\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u8a8d\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u30fb\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4ee3\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e\u304b\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e\u306f one \u3067\u4ee3\u7528\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001that \u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u51a0\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u524d\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f one\/ones \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe\u3092\u6b20\u3044\u3066\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b of \u53e5\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5f8c\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe\u304c\u7d9a\u304f\u5834\u5408\u306f that\/those \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u3084\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u4ee3\u7528\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u304c\u6f14\u7e79\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The traditional economic model assumes rational decision-making, but the contemporary \\(\\text{one}\\) incorporates psychological biases observed in empirical studies. \u2192 contemporary \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u4fee\u98fe\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u540d\u8a5e model \u3092\u4ee3\u7528\u3059\u308b one \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The computational efficiency of the quantum processor far surpasses \\(\\text{that}\\) of the most advanced silicon-based supercomputer. \u2192 \u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e efficiency \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u5f8c\u7f6e\u4fee\u98fe of … \u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001that \u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Older industrial facilities emit far more pollutants into the atmosphere than modern \\(\\text{ones}\\) equipped with emission-control technologies. \u2192 \u8907\u6570\u540d\u8a5e facilities \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e modern \u3068\u5f8c\u7f6e\u5206\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8907\u6570\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e ones \u304c\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The intellectual capacity of human beings is fundamentally distinct from \\(\\text{one}\\) of artificial intelligence systems. \u2192 one \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u4ee3\u7528\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002capacity \u306f\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u7684\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u51a0\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u308f\u305a of \u53e5\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306f one \u306f\u8a8d\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e that \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066 that of artificial intelligence systems \u3068\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9078\u629e\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u904b\u7528\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff12. \u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u6b8b\u5b58\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u3068\u6587\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7bc0\u3068\u7bc0\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u308c\u308b\u969b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u4ee3\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u306e to \u306e\u307f\u304c\u6b8b\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\uff08VP-ellipsis\uff09\u304c\u983b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084 to \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5207\u308a\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u7a7a\u6240\u3078\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u5b8c\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6b8b\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u6642\u5236\u3084\u614b\u3001\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\uff08be \u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\u4e00\u822c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304b\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u304b\uff09\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u9069\u5207\u306b\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3092\u8aa4\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6642\u7cfb\u5217\u3084\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8ff0\u8a9e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u6587\u672b\u3084\u7bc0\u672b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f to \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u672c\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff0b\u88dc\u8a9e\uff0b\u5fc5\u9808\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\uff09\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u88dc\u5b8c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 do\/does\/did\u3001be \u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 be\/is\/are\/was\/were\u3001\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308c\u3070\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62 have \u304c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u6b8b\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u547d\u984c\u304c\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The defense attorney argued that the defendant did not commit the felony, and the forensic evidence proved that he indeed did not. \u2192 did not \u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b commit the felony \u304c\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u52d5\u8a5e\u6587\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066 did not \u304c\u9069\u683c\u306b\u6b8b\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: Developing nations are striving to modernize their industrial infrastructure, and they have every right to. \u2192 \u6587\u672b\u306e to \u306f\u4ee3\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5 modernize their industrial infrastructure \u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u4ee3\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Many prominent economists doubted that the market would recover rapidly, but the statistical indicators demonstrated that it \\(\\text{had}\\). \u2192 had \u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u306b recovered rapidly \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b8c\u4e86\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u7bc0\u306e would recover \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5b8c\u4e86\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u793a\u3059\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e had \u304c\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The senior researcher was reluctant to publish the unverified data, but his ambitious colleagues urged him to \\(\\text{do}\\). \u2192 \u6587\u672b\u306b do \u3092\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u4ee3\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066 do \u3092\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001do so \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4ee3\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e to \u306e\u307f\u3067\u6587\u3092\u7d42\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002urge him to do so \u307e\u305f\u306f urge him to \u3068\u8a02\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u304c\u56de\u5fa9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u53e5\u7701\u7565\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u305f\u547d\u984c\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14. \u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u628a\u63e1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u3068\u6587\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7e4b\u3050\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\uff08however, therefore, furthermore, nevertheless \u7b49\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u3084\u6587\u672b\u306a\u3069\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u305d\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u7126\u70b9\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u6cd5\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff11. \u6587\u982d\u30fb\u6587\u4e2d\u633f\u5165\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6587\u304c\u4f1d\u9054\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u529b\u70b9\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u9006\u63a5\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u3001\u4ed8\u52a0\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u4e00\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u5ba3\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u633f\u5165\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3068\u3001\u633f\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3069\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u5f37\u8abf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30de\u3067\u631f\u307e\u308c\u3066\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u5883\u754c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u6587\u982d\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u306e\u9593\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u9806\u63a5\u304b\u9006\u63a5\u304b\uff09\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5143\u306e\u6587\u4e2d\u633f\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u8996\u70b9\u3092\u623b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The initial laboratory trial yielded inconclusive statistical results. The subsequent experiment, \\(\\text{however}\\), provided decisive evidence confirming the hypothesis. \u2192 however \u3092\u6587\u982d\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3068\u524d\u6587\u3068\u306e\u9006\u63a5\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e The subsequent experiment \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7b2c1\u56de\u5b9f\u9a13\u3068\u7b2c2\u56de\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u304c\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The central bank lowered the reserve requirement ratio to encourage commercial lending. The inflationary pressures, \\(\\text{consequently}\\), escalated beyond the projected boundaries. \u2192 consequently \u304c\u524d\u6587\u306e\u91d1\u878d\u7de9\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u52a0\u901f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u3064\u3064\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e inflationary pressures \u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Traditional manufacturing sectors suffered substantial employment losses during the recession. The digital technology industry, \\(\\text{on the other hand}\\), experienced unprecedented growth. \u2192 on the other hand \u306e\u6587\u4e2d\u633f\u5165\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7523\u696d\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u79fb\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The regional peace negotiations were fraught with mutual suspicion; the diplomatic delegates, \\(\\text{although}\\), managed to draft a tentative agreement. \u2192 \u30bb\u30df\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b although \u3092\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002although \u306f\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u308d\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u304c\u9006\u63a5\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e nevertheless \u307e\u305f\u306f however \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u4e2d\u633f\u5165\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u5224\u5b9a\u3068\u7126\u70b9\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u904b\u7528\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff12. \u5c40\u6240\u7684\u4fee\u98fe\u3068\u5e83\u57df\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\uff08\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff1ascope\uff09\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e1\u6587\u306e\u307f\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u9006\u8ee2\u30fb\u7dcf\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u5e83\u57df\u7684\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3068\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u6587\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u6027\u306e\u307f\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3068\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5371\u967a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e1\u6587\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u9006\u63a5\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u6570\u6587\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u7a4d\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u305f\u5927\u5c40\u7684\u5c55\u958b\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u8996\u5ea7\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u304c\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u307f\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5bfe\u7acb\u30fb\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u3084\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u5bfe\u7acb\u30fb\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u304c\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\uff08meanwhile, instead \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5927\u57df\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\uff08in contrast, therefore, on the whole \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u541f\u5473\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u898b\u8aa4\u308b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The author outlines three distinct theoretical objections to the proposal across several sentences. \\(\\text{Nevertheless}\\), the legislative council resolved to proceed with the implementation. \u2192 Nevertheless \u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u306f\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u7b2c3\u306e\u53cd\u8ad6\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f3\u3064\u306e\u7570\u8ad6\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u5207\u3063\u3066\u5b9f\u65bd\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5927\u5c40\u7684\u9006\u63a5\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The empirical model successfully predicts short-term market fluctuations. \\(\\text{Furthermore}\\), it accounts for anomalous consumer behavior during unexpected financial crises. \u2192 Furthermore \u306f\u524d\u6587\u306e\u6210\u529f\u4e8b\u4f8b\u306b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u5229\u70b9\u3092\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3055\u305b\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6709\u7528\u6027\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3092\u62e1\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The committee thoroughly reviewed the allegations of corporate misconduct. The investigation, \\(\\text{therefore}\\), concluded with a formal recommendation for administrative penalties. \u2192 therefore \u306f\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u691c\u8a0e\u4f5c\u696d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8abf\u67fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: Several prominent scientists argued that the experimental methodology was fundamentally sound. \\(\\text{In short}\\), the statistical sample size was far too small to yield definitive results. \u2192 \u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u898b\u89e3\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b In short \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6279\u5224\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002In short \u306f\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u7c21\u6f54\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u63db\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u524d\u6587\u3068\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u524d\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u6279\u5224\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f In reality \u3084 However \u306a\u3069\u306e\u9006\u63a5\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u306e\u5e83\u72ed\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15. \u69cb\u9020\u7684\u4e26\u5217\u6027\u3068\u6587\u9593\u30b7\u30f3\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6587\u3068\u6587\u304c\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u53cd\u5fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u4ecb\u3055\u305a\u306b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3092\u5275\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u6587\uff08Parallelism\uff09\u304c\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u93e1\u50cf\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u306a\u3059\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5c0e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6587\u3092\u307e\u305f\u3050\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u76f8\u95a2\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u4e88\u544a\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u6587\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15.\uff11. \u6587\u3092\u307e\u305f\u3050\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u691c\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u3067 \\(\\text{A and B}\\) \u304c\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30d4\u30ea\u30aa\u30c9\u3092\u631f\u3093\u3060\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6587\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u306b\u63c3\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5f37\u3044\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3084\u985e\u6bd4\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u6587\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u524d\u6587\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3001\u69cb\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u30b7\u30f3\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u80fd\u529b\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u304b\u3089\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6280\u8853\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u9593\u5e73\u884c\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u30fb\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08SVO\u3001SVC\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u9806\u30fb\u69cb\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3064\u6587\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4e21\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u30921\u5bfe1\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3065\u3051\u3001\u3069\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3069\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u306a\u5909\u6570\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5bfe\u7167\u8868\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e26\u5217\u306e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \\(\\text{To understand the past requires empirical historical research. To anticipate the future demands rigorous theoretical modeling.}\\) \u2192 \u7b2c1\u6587\u306e \\(\\text{To understand … requires …}\\) \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7b2c2\u6587\u304c \\(\\text{To anticipate … demands …}\\) \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u52d5\u8a5e demands \u3084\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e To anticipate \u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7b2c1\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The optimist perceives opportunity in every catastrophic crisis. The pessimist \\(\\text{discovers}\\) crisis in every extraordinary opportunity. \u2192 \u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u53cd\u5fa9\u3055\u308c\u3001\u540d\u8a5e \\(\\text{opportunity}\\) \u3068 \\(\\text{crisis}\\) \u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e perceives \u3068\u540c\u7b49\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5165\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u8981\u8acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: What we know about the deep ocean is remarkably limited. What we \\(\\text{have yet to learn}\\) about its ecosystems is unimaginably vast. \u2192 \u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e What \u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u88dc\u8a9e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u4e8c\u6587\u9593\u3067\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f know \u3068\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u8ff0\u90e8\u304c\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: In the domestic sphere, the administration advocated strict fiscal conservatism. In the international arena, the government \\(\\text{pursued an aggressive strategy}\\) of economic expansion. \u2192 \u524d\u534a\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5 \\(\\text{In the domestic sphere}\\) \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u304c \\(\\text{In the international arena}\\) \u3067\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3092\u6b20\u3044\u305f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u8aa4\u308a\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e \\(\\text{advocated …}\\) \u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6587\u9593\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15.\uff12. \u76f8\u95a2\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u4e88\u544a\u3059\u308b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\\(\\text{Not only … but also …}\\), \\(\\text{On the one hand … on the other hand …}\\), \\(\\text{The former … the latter …}\\) \u306a\u3069\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u306f\u3001\u524d\u534a\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u51fa\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u3084\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u4e88\u544a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u524d\u534a\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u6349\u3048\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5bfe\u3092\u306a\u3059\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u9032\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u524d\u534a\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u5f62\u614b\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u95a2\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3084\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7b2c1\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u4e88\u544a\u3059\u308b\u7b2c2\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u9023\u60f3\u30fb\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u691c\u77e5\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u306e\u30c8\u30ea\u30ac\u30fc\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3066\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u7b2c2\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b2c1\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u7b2c2\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u54c1\u8a5e\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3001\u614b\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \\(\\text{Not only did the prime minister fail to defend the controversial fiscal reform, but he also alienated several key coalition partners within his own cabinet.}\\) \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306e Not only \u306b\u3088\u308b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u5012\u7f6e\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e but also \u306b\u3088\u308b\u7bc0\u306e\u9023\u7d50\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c but also \u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001Not only \u3068\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{On the one hand, unregulated financial markets can foster rapid technological innovation. On the other hand, they inevitably generate catastrophic systemic volatility.}\\) \u2192 \u7b2c1\u6587\u306e On the one hand \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3001\u7b2c2\u6587\u306e\u6587\u982d\u306b On the other hand \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u76f8\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u5e02\u5834\u7279\u6027\u304c\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Two distinct theoretical frameworks have been proposed to resolve the paradox. The former relies on quantum mechanics; \\(\\text{the latter}\\) is grounded in general relativity. \u2192 Two distinct frameworks \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u8005\u63d0\u793a\u3068 The former \u3092\u6349\u3048\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u5bfe\u7acb\u9805\u304c the latter \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The research team was interested not in confirming the existing consensus, \\(\\text{but in discovering}\\) unexamined anomalies in the empirical data. \u2192 not in confirming \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f but in discovering \u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5bfe\u79f0\u5f62\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067 but to discover \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u5c0e\u304f\u69cb\u9020\u4e88\u6e2c\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16. \u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5247\u3068\u8a9e\u9806\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u529b\u5b66<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6563\u6587\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u6700\u3082\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u30fb\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u539f\u5247\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u304c\u3001\u300c\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3078\uff08Given-to-New Principle\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u5012\u7f6e\u3001There \u69cb\u6587\u306e\u9069\u7528\u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3053\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u306a\u305c\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u306a\u305c\u8a9e\u9806\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7591\u554f\u306f\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u3068\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d7\u3051\u6e21\u3057\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u6d88\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u69cb\u6587\u9078\u629e\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16.\uff11. \u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3078\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u914d\u7f6e\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u306f\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u9805\u3084\u5171\u901a\u524d\u63d0\uff09\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u306f\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\uff09\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3042\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u3067\u306f\u305d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304c\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u8ac7\u8a71\u5c55\u958b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6b21\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u6587\u982d\u306b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7e70\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u614b\u3084\u69cb\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u554f\u3046\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u614b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7dda\u5f62\u60c5\u5831\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u65e2\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u6587\u982d\u914d\u7f6e\u304c\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u3068\u88ab\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3068\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u88ab\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u304c\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u5f37\u304f\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u30fb\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u305f\u614b\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The archaeological team discovered a sealed subterranean chamber beneath the temple ruins. \\(\\text{The chamber was meticulously excavated}\\) over the following three months by specialized technicians. \u2192 \u7b2c1\u6587\u672b\u3067\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f a sealed subterranean chamber \u304c\u3001\u7b2c2\u6587\u982d\u3067 The chamber \u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u88ab\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u6765\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b was excavated \u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The diplomatic delegation presented an ambitious compromise proposal during the afternoon session. \\(\\text{This proposal was immediately rejected}\\) by the opposing faction. \u2192 This proposal \u304c\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6587\u982d\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3001\u65b0\u898f\u306e\u62d2\u7d76\u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6587\u672b\u306b\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Several prominent physicists criticized the novel cosmological hypothesis. \\(\\text{Their criticism was grounded in}\\) rigorous mathematical calculations of gravitational wave dispersion. \u2192 criticism \u304c\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e3b\u8a9e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u6587\u672b\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The committee introduced a new environmental regulation last week. Highly specialized industrial enterprises immediately challenged \\(\\text{the regulation}\\) in the supreme court. \u2192 \u7b2c2\u6587\u3092\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u4f01\u696d\u3092\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304f\u304b\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306b\u3057\u3066 The regulation was immediately challenged… \u3068\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3067\u8ff7\u3046\u5834\u9762\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6587\u306e\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b regulation \u3092\u4e3b\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d99\u7d9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u898f\u5236\u3092\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304f\u65b9\u304c\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u79fb\u884c\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u614b\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u30fb\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u914d\u7f6e\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u69cb\u6587\u9078\u629e\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16.\uff12. \u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5012\u7f6e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u306e\u7dad\u6301<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3084\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u63db\u3048\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u3068\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3067\u306f\u6587\u982d\u306b\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u9577\u3044\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u6765\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u3001\u524d\u6587\u3068\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u304c\u65ad\u7d76\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u5834\u5408\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u6587\u982d\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6587\u9593\u306e\u7d99\u304e\u76ee\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5834\u6240\u53e5\u524d\u7f6e\u5012\u7f6e\uff08At the center of the debate lies…\uff09\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u524d\u6587\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u9593\u3084\u6587\u8108\u3092\u6587\u982d\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u524d\u6587\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3001\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u6587\u672b\u306e\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u9001\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8981\u8acb\u304b\u3089\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u6587\u672b\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u6587\u306e\u6587\u982d\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u9593\u306b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u30fb\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u91cd\u8907\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u7d50\u675f\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u6587\u306e\u6587\u982d\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u672c\u6765\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3084\u88dc\u8a9e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7e70\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u6a5f\uff08\u524d\u6587\u3068\u306e\u76f4\u7d50\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff08\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u5316\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5012\u7f6e\uff09\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u9078\u629e\u7406\u7531\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The research group developed an innovative statistical algorithm to process genomic data. \\(\\text{With this algorithm were analyzed}\\) thousands of complex patient records. \u2192 \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5 With this algorithm \u304c\u524d\u6587\u672b\u306e an innovative statistical algorithm \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u6587\u982d\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u52d5\u8a5e were analyzed \u306b\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u4e3b\u8a9e thousands of records \u304c\u6587\u672b\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5012\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6587\u9593\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u9023\u7d50\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The economic crisis generated widespread instability across regional markets. \\(\\text{Out of this instability emerged}\\) a completely new paradigm of decentralized banking. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u672b\u306e instability \u3092\u6587\u982d\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3067\u76f4\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e emerged \u3092\u631f\u3093\u3067\u65b0\u4e3b\u8a9e a completely new paradigm \u304c\u6587\u672b\u7126\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The ancient civilization relied heavily on complex canal networks. \\(\\text{Associated with these canals was}\\) an elaborate bureaucratic apparatus designed to manage water distribution. \u2192 \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u53e5 Associated with these canals \u304c\u524d\u6587\u672b\u306e canal networks \u3068\u7d50\u675f\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e an elaborate bureaucratic apparatus \u304c\u5f8c\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The committee identified several critical vulnerabilities in the software architecture. A catastrophic security breach resulted \\(\\text{from these vulnerabilities}\\). \u2192 \u7b2c2\u6587\u3092\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u307e\u307e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3068\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b breach \u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u6765\u3066\u524d\u6587\u3068\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u304c\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001From these vulnerabilities resulted a catastrophic security breach. \u3068\u5012\u7f6e\u3092\u884c\u3046\u304b\u3001These vulnerabilities resulted in… \u3068\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u3066\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u5012\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u6a5f\u5e8f\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff17. \u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5909\u5f62\u9023\u9396<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6700\u3082\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u304c\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u6027\uff08Lexical Cohesion\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u540c\u3058\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3001\u4ee3\u540d\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3057\u305f\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3078\u3068\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u5909\u5f62\u3055\u305b\u306a\u304c\u3089\u9023\u9396\uff08Lexical Chain\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u9023\u9396\u306e\u7d50\u7bc0\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306b\u6563\u308a\u3070\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u95a2\u9023\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u675f\u306d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8f2a\u90ed\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5fa9\u5143\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u306e\u5909\u5f62\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff17.\uff11. \u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u63db\u79f0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u7d99\u627f\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u540c\u3058\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u7b2c1\u6587\u3067\u306f \\(\\text{novel methodology}\\)\u3001\u7b2c2\u6587\u3067\u306f \\(\\text{this innovative approach}\\)\u3001\u7b2c3\u6587\u3067\u306f \\(\\text{the technique}\\) \u3068\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u5909\u9077\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u5225\u500b\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6307\u3059\u9023\u9396\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\uff08superordinate\uff09\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u306f\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u30fb\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3001\u63db\u79f0\uff08metonymy\uff09\u306f\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5074\u9762\u3092\u524d\u666f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u9023\u9396\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u9069\u5207\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u89e3\u7b54\u3078\u306e\u9053\u7b4b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a9e\u5f59\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u984c\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u6a5f\u80fd\u3001\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\uff09\u3092\u5206\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\uff08this, these, such \u7b49\uff09\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e \\(\\text{the}\\) \u3092\u4f34\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5148\u884c\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u30fb\u63db\u79f0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3046\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5148\u884c\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u9023\u9396\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The pharmaceutical firm developed an experimental vaccine targeting the mutated viral strain. Public health authorities praised \\(\\text{the breakthrough}\\) as a decisive turning point in the pandemic. \u2192 the breakthrough \u306f\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e an experimental vaccine \u306e\u958b\u767a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u8c61\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\u3067\u63db\u79f0\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The treaty established strict limitations on the proliferation of ballistic missiles. Defense analysts argued that \\(\\text{these constraints}\\) would stabilize regional security architecture. \u2192 these constraints \u306f\u524d\u6587\u306e strict limitations \u3092\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304e\u3001\u6307\u793a\u8a5e these \u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u8a9e\u5f59\u9023\u9396\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The ancient inhabitants constructed massive stone pyramids along the fertile riverbanks. Centuries later, travelers marveled at \\(\\text{the monumental structures}\\) enduring in the desert. \u2192 the monumental structures \u306f stone pyramids \u306e\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5efa\u9020\u7269\u306e\u5de8\u5927\u3055\u3068\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u3092\u5305\u6442\u3057\u305f\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The research team discovered an anomalous subatomic particle during the high-energy collision experiment. Theoretical physicists immediately questioned the validity of \\(\\text{the phenomenon}\\). \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306b the equipment\uff08\u5b9f\u9a13\u88c5\u7f6e\uff09\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5185\u3067\u5b9f\u9a13\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9023\u60f3\u306e\u307f\u306b\u983c\u308a\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u767a\u898b\u7269\uff08particle\uff09\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u5305\u6442\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u88c5\u7f6e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u8c61\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b the phenomenon \u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3084\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u7d99\u627f\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff17.\uff12. \u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3078\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5148\u884c\u547d\u984c\u306e\u5727\u7e2e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u6587\u3067\u300c\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u300d\u306e\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u3067\u306f\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\uff1aNominalization\uff09\u3078\u3068\u5727\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u63a8\u9032\u529b\u306e\u6e90\u6cc9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\\(\\text{The government decided to subsidize…}\\) \u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u3067 \\(\\text{This decision}\\) \u3084 \\(\\text{This subsidization}\\) \u3068\u3057\u3066\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u306f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u524d\u63d0\u3078\u3068\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u5206\u6790\u3084\u6279\u5224\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3078\u3068\u6607\u83ef\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u610f\u5473\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u540d\u8a5e\u5f62\u3078\u3068\u51dd\u7e2e\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u547d\u984c\u5727\u7e2e\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u8ff0\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u60c5\u5831\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u52d5\u8a5e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u30fb\u88dc\u8a9e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u7dcf\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\uff08\\(\\text{implementation, reduction, rejection, transition}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u30fb\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\uff08This, Such \u7b49\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3055\u305b\u305f\u969b\u306b\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u8ff0\u90e8\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306a\u304f\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u52d5\u7684\u547d\u984c\u304b\u3089\u9759\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3078\u306e\u5909\u63db\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The central bank unexpectedly expanded the national money supply by twenty percent. \\(\\text{This monetary expansion}\\) triggered immediate concerns regarding potential hyperinflation. \u2192 expanded the money supply \u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u982d\u3067 This monetary expansion \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3078\u5727\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u61f8\u5ff5\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The diplomatic envoys signed the bilateral trade agreement after eighteen months of negotiations. \\(\\text{This diplomatic achievement}\\) was celebrated across both nations. \u2192 signed the agreement after negotiations \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8907\u5408\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u3001achievement \u3068\u3044\u3046\u7dcf\u62ec\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8981\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The industrial plant discharged toxic chemical effluents into the local river system. Environmental groups condemned \\(\\text{this contamination}\\) as a crime against public health. \u2192 discharged effluents\uff08\u6c5a\u67d3\u7269\u8cea\u3092\u6392\u51fa\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u3001this contamination\uff08\u3053\u306e\u6c5a\u67d3\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u540d\u8a5e\u3078\u3068\u5727\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The supreme court ruled that the surveillance program violated constitutional protections. The intelligence agency defended \\(\\text{the ruling}\\) as vital to national security. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306b the ruling \u3092\u88dc\u3046\u3068\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u9055\u61b2\u5224\u6c7a\u3092\u652f\u6301\u30fb\u64c1\u8b77\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e ruled \u306e\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304d\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e defended \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f55\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u6a5f\u95a2\u304c\u64c1\u8b77\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u5224\u6c7a\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u76e3\u8996\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001the program \u3092\u88dc\u3046\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6279\u5224\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066 the ruling \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u6b62\u3081\u308b\u5225\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u547d\u984c\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5727\u7e2e\u3068\u8981\u7d04\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff18. \u8907\u6570\u7a7a\u6240\u9023\u52d5\u554f\u984c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u691c\u8a3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u3067\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u51fa\u984c\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u306b\u3001\u300c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u4ed8\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b2\u7b87\u6240\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6587\u8108\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u540c\u6642\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u554f\u984c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3060\u3051\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8907\u6570\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u308a\u3001\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u9023\u7acb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u8a9e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u691c\u8a3c\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7247\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u982d\u3067\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u3082\u3046\u7247\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8868\u8a18\u4e0a\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3082\u542b\u3081\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u304c\u8a66\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8907\u6570\u7a7a\u6240\u9023\u52d5\u554f\u984c\u3092\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306b\u653b\u7565\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff18.\uff11. \u6587\u982d\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u3068\u6587\u4e2d\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u4e21\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u9023\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a9e\u306f\u300c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6a5f\u80fd\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u300d\u3092\u517c\u306d\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3067\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3084\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\uff08\\(\\text{However \/ however, As \/ as, Since \/ since, While \/ while}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3084\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3067\u306f\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u3067\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\uff08\\(\\text{This \/ this, That \/ that}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u6b63\u89e3\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u54c1\u8a5e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4ea4\u96c6\u5408\u3068\u306a\u308b\u8a9e\u3092\u5272\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u4e21\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240 A\uff08\u6587\u982d\uff09\u3068\u7a7a\u6240 B\uff08\u6587\u4e2d\uff09\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240 A \u3067\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u30fb\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u96c6\u5408\u3068\u3001\u7a7a\u6240 B \u3067\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u30fb\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u96c6\u5408\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u96c6\u5408\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u30fb\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u3092\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3067\u306e\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u8a18\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u3068\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u9023\u7acb\u7684\u7167\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u89e3\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \u7a7a\u6240 A: “\\(\\text{[ 1 ]}\\) the experimental data appeared promising at first glance, subsequent clinical trials failed to demonstrate efficacy.” \/ \u7a7a\u6240 B: “The senior researcher treated the junior assistants with respect, \\(\\text{[ 1 ]}\\) was customary in that laboratory.” \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240 A \u306f\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08While, Although, As \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240 B \u306f\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u306e\u5f8c\u3067\u524d\u6587\u306e\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u64ec\u4f3c\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e as \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u8a9e\u306f \\(\\text{As \/ as}\\)\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f While \/ as \u7b49\u306e\u91cd\u8907\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e As\uff09\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \u7a7a\u6240 A: “\\(\\text{[ 2 ]}\\) rigorous the methodology may seem, the conclusions remain tentative.” \/ \u7a7a\u6240 B: “The committee has not yet decided, \\(\\text{[ 2 ]}\\), whether to endorse the policy.” \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240 A \u306f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e rigorous \u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u8907\u5408\u95a2\u4fc2\u526f\u8a5e However \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240 B \u306f\u633f\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u9006\u63a5\u3092\u793a\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e however \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5927\u6587\u5b57 However \u3068\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57 however \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u4e21\u7acb\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \\(\\text{However \/ however}\\) \u3068\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: \u7a7a\u6240 A: “\\(\\text{[ 3 ]}\\) was the severity of the economic crisis that the government had to intervene.” \/ \u7a7a\u6240 B: “The company faces numerous challenges, \\(\\text{[ 3 ]}\\) as regulatory compliance and market volatility.” \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240 A \u306f that \u7bc0\u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u4f5c\u308b Such \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\uff08Such was the severity…\uff09\u3002\u7a7a\u6240 B \u306f as \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u4f8b\u793a\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u4f5c\u308b such \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\uff08such as…\uff09\u3002\u4e21\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u4ea4\u96c6\u5408\u304b\u3089\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \\(\\text{Such \/ such}\\) \u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \u7a7a\u6240 A: “\\(\\text{[ 4 ]}\\) he had completed the assignment, he left the office.” \/ \u7a7a\u6240 B: “The problem has persisted \\(\\text{[ 4 ]}\\) last year.” \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240 A \u306b After \u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7a7a\u6240 B \u3067 After last year \u306f\u6587\u8108\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5b8c\u4e86\u9032\u884c\u5f62\u3068\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u3002\u7a7a\u6240 B \u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8d77\u70b9\u3092\u8868\u3059\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e since \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u7a7a\u6240 A \u306b Since\uff08\u301c\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u301c\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u6765\uff09\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7406\u7531\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6642\u9593\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u304c \\(\\text{Since \/ since}\\) \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u3068\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u5145\u8db3\u3059\u308b\u9023\u52d5\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff18.\uff12. \u7570\u306a\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u540c\u4e00\u8a9e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u7167\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u54c1\u8a5e\u8ee2\u63db\uff08Conversion\uff09\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u6a5f\u80fd\u8a9e\uff08\\(\\text{that, as, but, for, before, since}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u9023\u52d5\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u9854\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u3053\u306a\u3055\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\\(\\text{that}\\) \u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u6307\u793a\u526f\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3001\\(\\text{but}\\) \u306f\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\uff08\u9664\u5916\uff09\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\uff08\u64ec\u4f3c\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9023\u52d5\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u591a\u6a5f\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u7a81\u304b\u308c\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8868\u5c64\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u5404\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u7684\u8cc7\u683c\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3057\u3066\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u540c\u4e00\u8a9e\u306e\u591a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5404\u6a5f\u80fd\u8a9e\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u3046\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u5168\u30ec\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u7b2c1\u6587\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u304b\u3089\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b2c2\u6587\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3067\u304d\u308b\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u306b\u3001\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u6700\u7d42\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u591a\u6a5f\u80fd\u8a9e\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u554f\u984c\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u6c7a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \u6587 1: “The committee concluded \\(\\text{[ 1 ]}\\) the proposed amendments were necessary.” \/ \u6587 2: “The experimental results were not \\(\\text{[ 1 ]}\\) conclusive.” \u2192 \u6587 1 \u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e concluded \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e that \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587 2 \u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e conclusive \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u6307\u793a\u526f\u8a5e that\uff08\u305d\u308c\u307b\u3069\u301c\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4f75\u305b\u6301\u3064\u5358\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066 \\(\\text{that}\\) \u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \u6587 1: “There is no citizen in this nation \\(\\text{[ 2 ]}\\) desires peace and stability.” \/ \u6587 2: “The theoretical physicist was nothing \\(\\text{[ 2 ]}\\) an eccentric genius.” \u2192 \u6587 1 \u306f\u5148\u884c\u8a5e no citizen \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u62c5\u3044\u3001\u304b\u3064\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u542b\u3080\u64ec\u4f3c\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e but \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\uff08but desires… = who does not desire…\uff09\u3002\u6587 2 \u306f nothing but\uff08\u301c\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9664\u5916\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e but \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \\(\\text{but}\\) \u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 3: \u6587 1: “The delegation departed early, \\(\\text{[ 3 ]}\\) they feared missing the flight.” \/ \u6587 2: “The scholarship was established \\(\\text{[ 3 ]}\\) underprivileged students.” \u2192 \u6587 1 \u306f\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7406\u7531\u3092\u5f8c\u7f6e\u88dc\u8db3\u3059\u308b for \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587 2 \u306f\u76ee\u7684\u30fb\u53d7\u76ca\u3092\u8868\u3059\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e for \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \\(\\text{for}\\) \u3068\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 4: \u6587 1: “He acted \\(\\text{[ 4 ]}\\) the committee instructed him to do.” \/ \u6587 2: “\\(\\text{[ 4 ]}\\) a general rule, investments involve financial risk.” \u2192 \u6587 1 \u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b like \u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u53e3\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6587 2 \u306e Like a general rule \u306f\u6210\u53e5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff08\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f As a general rule\uff09\u3002\u6587 1 \u306f\u69d8\u614b\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e as\u3001\u6587 2 \u306f\u8cc7\u683c\u30fb\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e as \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u6b63\u89e3\u306f \\(\\text{as}\\) \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u591a\u6a5f\u80fd\u8a9e\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30ec\u30d1\u30fc\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u9023\u52d5\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u5224\u5225\u6280\u8853\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff19. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u6392\u9664\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u6574\u5408\u3068\u5927\u57df\u6574\u5408\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u5224\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u554f\u984c\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u5c40\u6240\u9069\u5408\u30fb\u5927\u57df\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u300d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3084\u3001\u9006\u306b\u5927\u610f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u901a\u3058\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u300c\u5927\u57df\u9069\u5408\u30fb\u5c40\u6240\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u300d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u5468\u5230\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6d88\u53bb\u6cd5\u3092\u7121\u8a08\u753b\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u968e\u5c64\uff08\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u2192 \u6587\u8108\u8ad6\u7406\u6574\u5408\u6027\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff09\u3092\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u6392\u9664\u5224\u5b9a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff19.\uff11. \u4e00\u6587\u5185\u6587\u6cd5\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3068\u8ac7\u8a71\u8ad6\u7406\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u3082\u591a\u304f\u306e\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3092\u6b3a\u304f\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u898b\u308c\u3070\u5b8c\u74a7\u306a\u6587\u6cd5\u3068\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u3092\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6587\u8108\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u77ac\u9593\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3068\u9006\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u6587\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u76ee\u6a19\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30d1\u30ba\u30eb\u3092\u5b8c\u6210\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u76ee\u6a19\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u5b8c\u6210\u5ea6\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u3068\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u3068\u5927\u57df\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u9078\u5225\u773c\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u5225\u3059\u308b\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u968e\uff08\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5404\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u30fb\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306a\u3069\u3001\u4e00\u6587\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u898f\u5247\u306b\u9055\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u968e\uff08\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u9069\u683c\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6587\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u9806\u63a5\u30fb\u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u56e0\u679c\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\uff08\u5927\u57df\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u8abf\u548c\u3059\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 1: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u904e\u53bb\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u9593\u3001\u6280\u8853\u9769\u65b0\u306f\u751f\u7523\u6027\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3068\u4fe1\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u8fd1\u5e74\u306e\u7d71\u8a08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u5316\u304c\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u3092\u524a\u304e\u3001\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u751f\u7523\u6027\u3092\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) Consequently (B) Furthermore (C) However (D) Similarly<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 \u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u6587\u5185\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\uff08\u7b2c 1 \u6bb5\u968e\u901a\u904e\uff09\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u524d\u6587\u306e\u300c\u5411\u4e0a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u901a\u5ff5\u300d\u3068\u5f8c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b9f\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u300d\u306f\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\uff08\u7b2c 2 \u6bb5\u968e\uff09\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u9806\u63a5\u306e (A)\u3001\u7d2f\u7a4d\u306e (B)\u3001\u985e\u4f3c\u306e (D) \u306f\u5927\u57df\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u306e (C) However \u306e\u307f\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 2: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u653f\u5e9c\u306f\u518d\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u592a\u967d\u5149\u767a\u96fb\u65bd\u8a2d\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u3092\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u5897\u984d\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u9001\u96fb\u7db2\u306e\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u767a\u96fb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u96fb\u529b\u306e\u591a\u304f\u304c\u7121\u99c4\u306b\u7834\u68c4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) As a result (B) In contrast (C) Paradoxically (D) Therefore<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 (A) \u3084 (D) \u306f\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u5897\u984d\u304b\u3089\u76f4\u63a5\u96fb\u529b\u5ec3\u68c4\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002(B) \u306f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u8ef8\u304c\u565b\u307f\u5408\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u610f\u56f3\uff08\u63a8\u9032\uff09\u3068\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\uff08\u5ec3\u68c4\uff09\u306e\u9593\u306e\u76ae\u8089\u306a\u9f5f\u9f6c\u3092\u7684\u78ba\u306b\u6a19\u793a\u3059\u308b (C) Paradoxically \u304c\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 3: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u53e4\u4ee3\u30e1\u30bd\u30dd\u30bf\u30df\u30a2\u306e\u90fd\u5e02\u56fd\u5bb6\u7fa4\u306f\u3001\u704c\u6f11\u8fb2\u696d\u306e\u767a\u5c55\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u672a\u66fe\u6709\u306e\u7e41\u6804\u3092\u4eab\u53d7\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u9577\u671f\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u904e\u5270\u306a\u704c\u6f11\u306f\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u5869\u985e\u96c6\u7a4d\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u8fb2\u696d\u57fa\u76e4\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u3092\u62db\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) Indeed (B) Eventually (C) Meanwhile (D) Fortunately<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 (A) \u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5f37\u8abf\u3001(D) \u306f\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u7834\u6ec5\u6027\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002(C) \u306f\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u306e\u5225\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306f\u6642\u9593\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u7d4c\u904e\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3068\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u7d50\u672b\u3092\u5c0e\u304f (B) Eventually \u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 4: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u6279\u8a55\u5bb6\u306f\u305d\u306e\u54f2\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u8457\u4f5c\u3092\u96e3\u89e3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u6279\u5224\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u5f7c\u306e\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306b\u51fa\u5e2d\u3057\u305f\u5b66\u751f\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u660e\u6670\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u306b\u611f\u9298\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) Besides (B) On the contrary (C) Therefore (D) In addition<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 (A) \u3084 (D) \u3092\u9078\u3076\u3068\u3001\u6279\u5224\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u751f\u306e\u611f\u9298\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u4ed8\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u3002(C) \u306f\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u9bae\u3084\u304b\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b (B) On the contrary \u306e\u307f\u304c\u5927\u57df\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3068\u8ac7\u8a71\u8ad6\u7406\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u305f\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u6392\u9664\u6cd5\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff19.\uff12. \u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u7591\u4f3c\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6392\u9664<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u51fa\u984c\u8005\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\uff08\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u89aa\u548c\u6027\u3084\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u9023\u60f3\uff09\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u3089\u3057\u3044\u300c\u7591\u4f3c\u6587\u8108\uff08pseudo-context\uff09\u300d\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e2d\u306b \\(\\text{economy}\\) \u3084 \\(\\text{money}\\) \u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070 \\(\\text{financial}\\) \u3092\u9078\u3073\u305f\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\\(\\text{problem}\\) \u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070 \\(\\text{solve}\\) \u3092\u9078\u3073\u305f\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u7167\u3089\u3057\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5358\u8a9e\u306e\u9023\u60f3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u7591\u4f3c\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3092\u65ad\u3061\u5207\u308a\u3001\u51b7\u5fb9\u306b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u7a81\u3044\u3066\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u5207\u308a\u6368\u3066\u308b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u541f\u5473\u306e\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7591\u4f3c\u7684\u6587\u8108\u3092\u770b\u7834\u3057\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u306b\u300c\u6b63\u89e3\u3089\u3057\u304f\u898b\u3048\u308b\u300d\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u4ed8\u968f\u3059\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u9023\u60f3\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u81ea\u899a\u7684\u306b\u8b66\u6212\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u80fd\u52d5\u30fb\u53d7\u52d5\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u547d\u984c\u5316\u3057\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3068\u76f4\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\uff08\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\uff09\u3001\u4e3b\u5ba2\u306e\u9006\u8ee2\uff08\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u3068\u53d7\u52d5\u8005\u306e\u6df7\u540c\uff09\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\uff09\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304b\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u3092\u66b4\u3044\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 1: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u65b0\u85ac\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306f\u83ab\u5927\u306a\u8cbb\u7528\u3068\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8981\u3059\u308b\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u88fd\u85ac\u4f1a\u793e\u306f\u7279\u8a31\u5236\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u72ec\u5360\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) Because of this (B) In spite of this (C) For this purpose (D) Despite this<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 \u83ab\u5927\u306a\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u300c\u304b\u3089\u3053\u305d\u300d\u4fdd\u8b77\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u9806\u63a5\u306e\u7406\u7531\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002(B) \u3084 (D) \u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u300c\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u4fdd\u8b77\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002(C) \u306f\u7279\u8a31\u4fdd\u8b77\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u65b0\u85ac\u958b\u767a\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e3b\u5ba2\u306e\u8ee2\u5012\u3092\u62db\u304f\u305f\u3081\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002(A) Because of this \u304c\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 2: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5e02\u6c11\u306f\u6cbb\u5b89\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8b66\u5bdf\u529b\u306e\u5f37\u5316\u3092\u671b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306a\u76e3\u8996\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u5230\u6765\u3092\u61f8\u5ff5\u3059\u308b\u58f0\u3082\u6839\u5f37\u304f\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) At the same time (B) As a consequence (C) For instance (D) In other words<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 \u5e02\u6c11\u306e\u8981\u671b\u3068\u76e3\u8996\u3078\u306e\u61f8\u5ff5\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u5c40\u9762\u3067\u4f75\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u76f8\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002(B) \u306e\u56e0\u679c\u3084 (D) \u306e\u63db\u8a00\u306f\u507d\u308a\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001(C) \u3082\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u306e\u540c\u6642\u4f75\u5b58\u3092\u793a\u3059 (A) At the same time \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 3: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u305d\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8005\u306f\u53e4\u6587\u66f8\u306e\u65ad\u7247\u3092\u5165\u5ff5\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u66f8\u304c\u4e2d\u4e16\u306e\u507d\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) Ultimately (B) Initially (C) Coincidentally (D) Theoretically<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 \u5165\u5ff5\u306a\u7167\u5408\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u679c\u3066\u306b\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002(B) \u306e\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u6642\u9593\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u304c\u9006\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001(C) \u306e\u5076\u7136\u306f\u8abf\u67fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3001(D) \u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u306f\u5b9f\u8a3c\u7684\u8abf\u67fb\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9577\u3044\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u5230\u9054\u70b9\u3092\u793a\u3059 (A) Ultimately \u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b 4: \u6587\u8108\uff1a\u305d\u306e\u72ec\u88c1\u653f\u6a29\u306f\u8a00\u8ad6\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u306b\u5f3e\u5727\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff3b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3d\u3001\u53cd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u306a\u5730\u4e0b\u51fa\u7248\u6d3b\u52d5\u304c\u6025\u901f\u306b\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff1a(A) Consequently (B) Paradoxically (C) Naturally (D) In accordance with this<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 \u5f3e\u5727\u3057\u305f\u300c\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300d\u904b\u52d5\u304c\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u305f\u3068\u77ed\u7d61\u3057\u3066 (A) Consequently \u3084 (C) Naturally \u3092\u9078\u3076\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5f3e\u5727\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u300c\u7e2e\u5c0f\u30fb\u6d88\u6ec5\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f3e\u5727\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5f3e\u5727\u304c\u304b\u3048\u3063\u3066\u53cd\u767a\u3092\u62db\u3044\u3066\u904b\u52d5\u304c\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u306f\u3001\u5f3e\u5727\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u306f (B) Paradoxically \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u306e\u7d99\u8d77\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u5358\u8a9e\u9023\u60f3\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u3068\u610f\u56f3\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u6392\u9664\u304c\u5b8c\u9042\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M04]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3078\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u526f\u8a5e\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u5834\u6240\u53e5\u5012\u7f6e\u3084\u7fa4\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u89e3\u6790\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u4fa1\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u790e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M14]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u6bd4\u8f03\u69cb\u6587\u3068\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u5206\u6790\u3068\u5e73\u884c\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u539f\u7406\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u7bc0\u306e\u7701\u7565\u3084\u4ee3\u7528\u8a5e\uff08that\/those\uff09\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M17]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u7701\u7565\u30fb\u5012\u7f6e\u30fb\u5f37\u8abf\u3068\u7279\u6b8a\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5909\u5f62\u898f\u5247\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u5426\u5b9a\u5012\u7f6e\u3001\u5834\u6240\u53e5\u524d\u7f6e\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u6df1\u5c64\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u5909\u5f62\u6587\u3092\u6a19\u6e96\u8a9e\u9806\u3078\u9084\u5143\u3059\u308b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3068\u7a7a\u6240\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u660e\u793a\u3059\u308b\u9806\u63a5\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u306a\u3069\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5206\u985e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u5404\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u5206\u985e\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M15]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u30e2\u30c0\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a71\u8005\u304c\u547d\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7f6e\u304f\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3084\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u4f53\u7cfb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u6587\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u7bc0\u3084\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M09]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11. \u547d\u984c\u9593\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9078\u629e\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\uff11.\uff11. \u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u81ea\u660e\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u5c0e\u51fa\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u5dee<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u56e0\u30fb\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8868\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001because \u3068 since\/as \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u5dee\u3092\u610f\u8b58\u305b\u305a\u306b\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002because \u306f\u805e\u304d\u624b\u3084\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3042\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u30fb\u52d5\u6a5f\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u307e\u3055\u306b\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 since \u3084 as \u306f\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u3082\u3059\u3067\u306b\u627f\u77e5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u7406\u7531\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u30fb\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u7406\u7531\u7bc0\u306e\u5148\u982d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304c\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u8ff0\u306e\u8db3\u5834\u3092\u56fa\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u5dee\u3092\u5f01\u5225\u3057\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3059\u3067\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u3055\u308c\u305f\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u7126\u70b9\u304c\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u7bc0\u81ea\u8eab\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff08Why \u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u7b54\u3048\uff09\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 because \u3092\u3001\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u81ea\u660e\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 since \u307e\u305f\u306f as \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u305f\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The appellate court dismissed the petition, \\(\\text{because}\\) the appellant had failed to file the legal notice within the statutory deadline. \u2192 \u8acb\u6c42\u68c4\u5374\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u6cd5\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff08\u671f\u9650\u5207\u308c\uff09\u304c\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u7126\u70b9\u304c\u7406\u7531\u7bc0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001because \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{Since}\\) all biological organisms depend on liquid water for cellular metabolic processes, astrobiologists focus their search on planets with hydrologic cycles. \u2192 \u751f\u7269\u304c\u6c34\u3092\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306f\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u63a2\u67fb\u65b9\u91dd\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u81ea\u660e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b Since \u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The research group could not replicate the experimental results \\(\\text{because}\\) the atmospheric pressure inside the vacuum chamber fluctuated imperceptibly. \u2192 \u8ffd\u8a66\u5931\u6557\u306e\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u539f\u56e0\uff08\u5727\u529b\u5909\u52d5\uff09\u3092\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001because \u306b\u3088\u308b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u660e\u793a\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \\(\\text{Because}\\) the constitutional principles of modern democracy are widely recognized across the globe, we must examine how they are implemented locally. \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306b Because \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u306f\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u3055\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u539f\u5247\u306e\u5468\u77e5\u6027\u306f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u306b\u3059\u304e\u305a\u3001\u6587\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5730\u57df\u7684\u9069\u7528\u306e\u691c\u8a0e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5171\u6709\u3055\u308c\u305f\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f Since modern democratic principles are widely recognized… \u3068\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u81ea\u660e\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u5dee\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff12. \u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u4e8b\u8c61\u7d99\u8d77\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5cfb\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u304b\u3089\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u304f\u969b\u3001therefore\/thus \u3068 consequently\/as a result \u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u3092\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u640d\u306a\u3046\u3002therefore \u3084 thus \u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u62e0\u3084\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\uff08\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\uff09\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 consequently \u3084 as a result \u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u8ef8\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u305f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30fb\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u3058\u305f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002\u524d\u8005\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u306e\u7d99\u8d77\u6027\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u547d\u984c\u304c\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u306a\u306e\u304b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u767a\u751f\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u898b\u6975\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u9078\u629e\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u4e8b\u8c61\u7d99\u8d77\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u547d\u984c\u304c\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3084\u8ad6\u62e0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u547d\u984c\u304c\u601d\u8003\u4e0a\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08\u300c\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5224\u65ad\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u547d\u984c\u304c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u306b\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u547d\u984c\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5225\u500b\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\uff08\u300c\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u305f\u300d\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 therefore \u3084 thus \u3092\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 consequently \u3084 as a result \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u306b\u5373\u3057\u305f\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: All participating subjects exhibited identical neurochemical responses to the stimulus; \\(\\text{therefore}\\), the initial hypothesis regarding receptor sensitivity is validated. \u2192 \u5b9f\u9a13\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6839\u62e0\u304b\u3089\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001therefore \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The regional electrical grid sustained catastrophic physical damage during the hurricane; \\(\\text{consequently}\\), thousands of households remained without power for weeks. \u2192 \u66b4\u98a8\u96e8\u306b\u3088\u308b\u640d\u58ca\u3068\u3044\u3046\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304b\u3089\u505c\u96fb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u9023\u9396\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001consequently \u304c\u9069\u5207\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The algorithmic model minimizes redundant computational pathways, \\(\\text{thus}\\) enhancing overall processing velocity by thirty percent. \u2192 \u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u7279\u6027\u304b\u3089\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u6027\u80fd\u5411\u4e0a\u3092\u3001\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u4f34\u3046 thus \u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u96c6\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The financial conglomerate engaged in fraudulent accounting practices; \\(\\text{thus}\\), the stock market experienced a severe panic yesterday. \u2192 \u4f01\u696d\u306e\u4e0d\u6b63\u4f1a\u8a08\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304b\u3089\u6628\u65e5\u306e\u5e02\u5834\u30d1\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3078\u306e\u63a8\u79fb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u6f14\u7e79\u3092\u793a\u3059 thus \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6587\u8108\u304c\u786c\u76f4\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u6ce2\u53ca\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f as a result \u307e\u305f\u306f consequently \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u4e8b\u8c61\u7d99\u8d77\u306e\u5cfb\u5225\u306b\u3088\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12. \u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u70b9\u529b\u70b9\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u5bfe\u7acb\u7684\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u969b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u529b\u70b9\u306e\u504f\u5411\u3068\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u5747\u8861\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8ad6\u65e8\u3092\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u76f4\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff11. \u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u524d\u666f\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u8868\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08although, even though, while \u7b49\uff09\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u7bc0\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u529b\u70b9\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5074\u306b\u504f\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u304c\u62b1\u304f\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u53cd\u8ad6\u3084\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u901a\u5ff5\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u627f\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u80cc\u666f\u3078\u3068\u9000\u3051\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u3092\u524d\u666f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u9006\u63a5\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08however, yet \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u7bc0\u304c\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u529b\u70b9\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u6355\u6349\u3059\u308b\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u529b\u70b9\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u901a\u5ff5\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u7b46\u8005\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3084\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u901a\u5ff5\u3084\u53cd\u8ad6\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7bc0\u304c\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\uff08Although…\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u306b\u9006\u63a5\uff08However…\uff09\u3067\u8986\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5074\u306b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \\(\\text{Although}\\) the monetary stimulus initially produced a marginal increase in consumer spending, it ultimately failed to generate sustainable economic growth. \u2192 \u6d88\u8cbb\u306e\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u3067\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u3057\u3066\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u3057\u3001\u6210\u9577\u306e\u4e0d\u9054\u6210\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u524d\u666f\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The diplomatic negotiation was fraught with intense ideological friction; \\(\\text{nevertheless}\\), the delegates succeeded in drafting a comprehensive treaty. \u2192 \u5bfe\u7acb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u5408\u610f\u5f62\u6210\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u6210\u679c\u3092 nevertheless \u3067\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: \\(\\text{Even though}\\) the newly developed polymer is exceptionally lightweight, it possesses greater tensile strength than conventional steel alloys. \u2192 \u8efd\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u901a\u5ff5\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3046\u308b\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u8b72\u6b69\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u3001\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u512a\u4f4d\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u8981\u8ad6\u70b9\u3092\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The theoretical framework is undeniably elegant and mathematically rigorous; \\(\\text{although}\\), it lacks empirical support from physical observations. \u2192 \u30bb\u30df\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u5f8c\u306b although \u3092\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5c0e\u3053\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002although \u306f\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u773c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5b9f\u8a3c\u7684\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e however \u307e\u305f\u306f nevertheless \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u524d\u666f\u5316\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff12. \u5358\u7d14\u9006\u63a5\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ef8\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u305b\u308b whereas \u3084 while \u306f\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u3092\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u5f93\u5c5e\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ef8\u4e0a\u306b\u4e26\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3068\u306a\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u5171\u901a\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8b72\u6b69\u304c\u300c\u4e88\u60f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u88cf\u5207\u308a\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306f\u300c\u4e8c\u8005\u9593\u306e\u5dee\u7570\u306e\u660e\u793a\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u76f8\u9055\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u304c\u540c\u5217\u306e\u7bc4\u7587\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306a\u4e8c\u8005\uff08A\u56fd\u3068B\u56fd\u3001\u5b9a\u6027\u5206\u6790\u3068\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u7b49\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u8ef8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u76f8\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u52d5\u7684\u3068\u9759\u7684\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3068\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u7b49\uff09\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u4ed6\u65b9\u3092\u8ad6\u99c1\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4e26\u884c\u7684\u306a\u5dee\u7570\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08whereas, while, in contrast \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: Qualitative research methods provide nuanced insights into human subjective experience, \\(\\text{whereas}\\) quantitative approaches offer statistically generalizable patterns across large populations. \u2192 \u8cea\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540c\u5217\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3068\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306a\u9577\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001whereas \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: Traditional agrarian societies depended primarily on localized kinship networks, \\(\\text{while}\\) modern industrial communities rely heavily on formal institutional frameworks. \u2192 \u8fb2\u696d\u793e\u4f1a\u3068\u5de5\u696d\u793e\u4f1a\u304c\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u8ef8\u3067\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306b\u6bd4\u8f03\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: In temperate zones, seasonal temperature variations dictate agricultural cycles; in tropical regions, \\(\\text{by contrast}\\), precipitation patterns govern planting schedules. \u2192 \u6c17\u5019\u5e2f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8fb2\u696d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8981\u56e0\u306e\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3068 by contrast \u306e\u5354\u50cd\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u660e\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The senior executive supported the merger proposal, \\(\\text{whereas}\\) the junior analyst was absent from the meeting. \u2192 whereas \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u4e8c\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u8cdb\u6210\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u898b\u306e\u8868\u660e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u6b20\u5e2d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u7406\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u8ef8\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u5171\u901a\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u8ef8\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6b20\u5e2d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u7b49\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u4e26\u7f6e\u306f\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u8ef8\u4e0a\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\uff08the junior analyst strongly opposed it\uff09\u306b\u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6bd4\u8f03\u8ef8\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13. \u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u4eee\u5b9a\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\u753b\u5b9a\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8868\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306e\u9650\u754c\uff08\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\uff09\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u5341\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u6392\u9664\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5916\u898f\u5b9a\uff09\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u4eee\u5b9a\u306a\u306e\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306f\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7bc0\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u753b\u5b9a\u539f\u7406\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff11. \u5341\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u8ab2\u3059\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u5236\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

if \u3084 provided that \u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5341\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001unless \u306f\u300c\u3082\u3057\u301c\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\uff08negative condition\uff09\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002unless \u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u751f\u8d77\u3092\u963b\u5bb3\u3059\u308b\u300c\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u4e8b\u8c61\u300d\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001unless \u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4e8c\u91cd\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u62db\u304f\u305f\u3081\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6761\u4ef6\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u30fb\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u306a\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u767a\u751f\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3092\u8986\u3059\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3057\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u3001\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u6b21\u7b2c\u3067\u751f\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u300c\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u4fc3\u9032\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 if \u3084 provided that \u3092\u3001\u300c\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u963b\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u963b\u5bb3\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 unless \u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e not \u3084\u5426\u5b9a\u8a9e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001unless \u306e\u9069\u7528\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The international peace treaty will collapse into armed conflict \\(\\text{unless}\\) all signatory states immediately dismantle their border fortifications. \u2192 \u56fd\u5883\u8981\u585e\u306e\u64a4\u53bb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u63aa\u7f6e\u304c\u53d6\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a\u7d1b\u4e89\u304c\u518d\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001unless \u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The research consortium will publish the confidential experimental findings, \\(\\text{provided that}\\) independent peer reviewers confirm the statistical methodology. \u2192 \u7d71\u8a08\u624b\u6cd5\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fc3\u9032\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u516c\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5341\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001provided that \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: You cannot comprehend the philosophical complexity of modern ethics \\(\\text{unless}\\) you thoroughly study its historical roots in antiquity. \u2192 \u53e4\u4ee3\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5b66\u3070\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u7406\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001unless \u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The economic stimulus package will fail to revive domestic consumer spending \\(\\text{unless}\\) the government does not address the underlying employment instability. \u2192 unless \u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b does not \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002unless \u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u300c\u3082\u3057\u301c\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u3092\u5185\u5305\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306b\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u8f9e\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u3068\u4e8c\u91cd\u5426\u5b9a\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u300c\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u5931\u6557\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u56f3\u3068\u9006\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f unless the government addresses… \u3068\u80af\u5b9a\u5f62\u306b\u6539\u3081\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5341\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u5224\u5225\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff12. \u7bc4\u56f2\u9650\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u5883\u754c\u306e\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u9650\u308a\u300d\u3068\u8a33\u3055\u308c\u308b as long as \u3068 as far as \u306f\u3001\u524d\u8005\u304c\u300c\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7d99\u7d9a\uff08\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u7d9a\u304f\u9650\u308a\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u304c\u300c\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u30fb\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u7bc4\u56f2\uff08\u301c\u304c\u53ca\u3076\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u3067\u306f\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u524d\u8005\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u72b6\u6cc1\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u8abf\u67fb\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8a00\u8aac\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u77e5\u898b\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7bc4\u56f2\u9650\u5b9a\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08live, remain, continue \u7b49\uff09\u304b\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u30fb\u77e5\u899a\u30fb\u8a00\u660e\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08know, see, be concerned, can tell \u7b49\uff09\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u7d99\u7d9a\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 as long as \u3092\u3001\u8a71\u8005\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 as far as \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u305d\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58\u306e\u67a0\u5185\u3067\u306e\u307f\u771f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: A democratic government maintains its political legitimacy only \\(\\text{as long as}\\) it protects the fundamental civil liberties of all citizens. \u2192 \u5e02\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6b63\u7d71\u6027\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001as long as \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{As far as}\\) modern astronomical observations can ascertain, there are no habitable exoplanets within our immediate stellar neighborhood. \u2192 \u89b3\u6e2c\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3046\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001as far as \u304c\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The cease-fire agreement will remain fully operational \\(\\text{as long as}\\) both military forces respect the demilitarized zone. \u2192 \u975e\u6b66\u88c5\u5730\u5e2f\u306e\u5c0a\u91cd\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u304c\u505c\u6226\u7dad\u6301\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001as long as \u304c\u9078\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \\(\\text{As long as}\\) the available historical documents indicate, the ancient king died without leaving a legitimate biological heir. \u2192 \u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u6587\u66f8\u304c\u793a\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u8b58\u30fb\u8a3c\u62e0\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001as long as \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002indicate \u306f\u8a8d\u8b58\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u7d99\u7d9a\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f As far as the available historical documents indicate… \u3068\u6539\u3081\u3001\u77e5\u898b\u306e\u53ca\u3076\u5883\u754c\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7bc4\u56f2\u9650\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u5883\u754c\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14. \u76ee\u7684\u30fb\u7d50\u679c\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u7d99\u8d77\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u7bc0\u306e\u9593\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u300c\u610f\u56f3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u672a\u5b9f\u73fe\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u300d\u3078\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d41\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304c\u73fe\u5b9f\u306b\u8d77\u304d\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u5e0c\u671b\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u304c\u8986\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u539f\u7406\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff11. \u610f\u56f3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u8b58\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

so that \u69cb\u6587\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306b\u306f can, may, will, should \u306a\u3069\u306e\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5171\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u305f\u672a\u6765\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001so that \u69cb\u6587\u304c\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306b\u306f\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u308f\u305a\u3001\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u6642\u5236\u306a\u3069\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u751f\u3058\u305f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u53e5\u8aad\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u306b so that \u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u50be\u5411\u304c\u5f37\u3044\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6642\u5236\u3068\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u306a\u306e\u304b\u7d50\u679c\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3057\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001so that \u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u84cb\u7136\u6027\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u3084\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u306e\u5b9a\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u8a18\u8ff0\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u751f\u8d77\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8aa4\u8aad\u304c\u9632\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The engineers reinforced the foundation of the suspension bridge \\(\\text{so that}\\) it could withstand unprecedented seismic shocks. \u2192 \u7bc0\u5185\u306b could withstand \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8010\u9707\u5f37\u5ea6\u306e\u78ba\u4fdd\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u305f\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The torrential rain triggered severe landslides across the mountainous terrain, \\(\\text{so that}\\) the arterial highway was completely blocked for three days. \u2192 \u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u304c\u5148\u884c\u3057\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u304c was blocked \u3068\u3044\u3046\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u5bf8\u65ad\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The financial institution overhauled its internal compliance protocols in order \\(\\text{that}\\) fraudulent transactions might be detected automatically. \u2192 in order that \u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e might \u304c\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3001\u4e0d\u6b63\u691c\u77e5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u516c\u5f0f\u306a\u6587\u4f53\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The government enacted the emergency decree so that all citizens \\(\\text{evacuated}\\) the coastal area safely before the tsunami struck. \u2192 \u76ee\u7684\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3079\u304d\u6587\u8108\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb evacuated \u3068\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6cd5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u6b20\u3044\u305f\u76f4\u8aac\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u306f\u3059\u3067\u306b\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5236\u5b9a\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3068\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3002\u907f\u96e3\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u8868\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001could evacuate \u307e\u305f\u306f might evacuate \u3068\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u88dc\u586b\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u5224\u5225\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff12. \u7a0b\u5ea6\u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u5c0e\u304f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

so … that \u3084 such … that \u69cb\u6587\u306f\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u30fb\u526f\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u306e\u6975\u7aef\u3055\u3092\u524d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6975\u7aef\u3055\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3092 that \u7bc0\u3067\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b that \u7bc0\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u6fc0\u3057\u3055\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002so \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3001such \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08\u51a0\u8a5e\uff0b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff0b\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8907\u6570\u30fb\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e\uff09\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u5f37\u8abf\u8a9e\u306a\u306e\u304b\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u88dc\u6587\u6a19\u8b58\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8ff7\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u78ba\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e2d\u306b\u5f37\u8abf\u8a9e so \u307e\u305f\u306f such \u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u914d\u5217\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u5358\u72ec\u304b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304b\uff09\u304b\u3089\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u304c\u305d\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u6975\u7aef\u3055\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u88dc\u6587\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066 that \u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u7167\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9023\u95a2\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The atmospheric pressure inside the experimental chamber dropped \\(\\text{so}\\) rapidly that the fragile glass apparatus shattered instantaneously. \u2192 \u526f\u8a5e rapidly \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001so \u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u3001that \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u7834\u58ca\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5c0e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The diplomatic envoy faced \\(\\text{such}\\) formidable political resistance that the bilateral peace negotiations were suspended indefinitely. \u2192 \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff0b\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u53e5 formidable political resistance \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001such \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4ea4\u6e09\u505c\u6b62\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u7bc0\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The economic crisis was of \\(\\text{such}\\) magnitude that conventional monetary interventions proved entirely ineffective. \u2192 of such magnitude\uff08\u305d\u308c\u307b\u3069\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u306e\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u7121\u52b9\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u3078\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The research team accumulated \\(\\text{so}\\) substantial evidence of corporate misconduct that the regulatory agency was forced to initiate an inquiry. \u2192 \u540d\u8a5e evidence \u3092\u542b\u3080\u53e5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 so \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002substantial \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e evidence \u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b such \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066 such substantial evidence \u3068\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002so \u306f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u30fb\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u307f\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u5c0e\u304f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15. \u9078\u629e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u3068\u7db2\u7f85\u6027\u306e\u8ad6\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8907\u6570\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u306a\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u3057\u305f\u8b72\u6b69\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3092\u898b\u6975\u3081\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u306e\u6c7a\u65ad\u3092\u8feb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u7d50\u8ad6\u306f\u4e0d\u5909\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u6301\u3064\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15.\uff11. \u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3068\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5224\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

either … or … \u304c\u300cA \u304b B \u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u9078\u629e\u3092\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u7b49\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001whether … or … \u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u306e\u672a\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300cA \u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3068 B \u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3068\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\uff08universal concession\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\u306e whether \u7bc0\u306f\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u306b\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u300c\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u73fe\u5b9f\u5316\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3082\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u547d\u984c\u306f\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305a\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u9811\u5065\u6027\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306f\u3001\u7bc0\u304c\u6587\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u9805\u304b\u4ed8\u52a0\u8a5e\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3068\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u5f01\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u9078\u629e\u69cb\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u9664\u53bb\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u6587\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u304c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5fc5\u9808\u9805\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4ed8\u52a0\u8a5e\uff08\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u672a\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\uff08whether\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u9078\u629e\uff08either\uff09\u3068\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u8005\u304c\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u304c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u3082\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The municipal council must decide \\(\\text{either}\\) to allocate funds for the new hospital or to upgrade the existing transportation network. \u2192 \u52d5\u8a5e decide \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u696d\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u4e00\u65b9\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{Whether}\\) the economic stimulus proves successful or fails catastrophically, the national debt will inevitably reach an unprecedented peak. \u2192 \u7bc0\u3092\u9664\u53bb\u3057\u3066\u3082\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6210\u529f\u3068\u5931\u6557\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u9818\u57df\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u3057\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306b\u8ee2\u3058\u3066\u3082\u50b5\u52d9\u5897\u52a0\u306f\u907f\u3051\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The legitimacy of the judicial verdict depends on \\(\\text{whether}\\) the forensic evidence was handled in strict accordance with procedural law. \u2192 \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e on \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u9075\u5b88\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672a\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \\(\\text{Either}\\) the international community acts decisively to mitigate global warming, rising sea levels will submerge critical coastal infrastructure. \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306b Either \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3092\u4f5c\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002Either … or … \u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001Whether the international community acts decisively or not, rising sea levels will… \u3068 whether \u69cb\u6587\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3068\u5168\u79f0\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u5224\u5225\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15.\uff12. \u9078\u629e\u80a2\u63d0\u793a\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

whether A or B \u306e\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u306b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u307f\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8a00\u8aac\u7a7a\u9593\u304b\u3089\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u300c\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u306b\u96c6\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306b\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u305b\u308b\u4fee\u8f9e\u7684\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u771f\u306b\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u306a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u63d0\u793a\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001or \u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8981\u7d20 A \u3068 B \u304c\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u5bfe\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u6279\u5224\u7684\u306b\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a98\u5c0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u771f\u610f\u304c\u89e3\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The historical inquiry must determine \\(\\text{whether}\\) the military collapse was precipitated by internal economic exhaustion or by overwhelming external aggression. \u2192 \u5d29\u58ca\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u5185\u90e8\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u5916\u90e8\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u306b\u96c6\u7d04\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304c\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u5f15\u304d\u91d1\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The legal dispute centers on \\(\\text{whether}\\) the digital platform should be classified as a neutral common carrier or as an active publisher with editorial liability. \u2192 \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3092\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u8005\u304b\u8cac\u4efb\u3042\u308b\u51fa\u7248\u8005\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u898f\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u9069\u7528\u3059\u3079\u304d\u6cd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u4e8c\u8005\u304b\u3089\u9078\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Modern societies must decide \\(\\text{whether}\\) to prioritize unconstrained technological innovation or to enforce ethical boundaries that protect human dignity. \u2192 \u30a4\u30ce\u30d9\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u502b\u7406\u7684\u898f\u5236\u3092\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u30aa\u30d5\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u305b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9078\u629e\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u6027\u3092\u8feb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The committee investigated whether the industrial accident was caused by mechanical failure \\(\\text{and}\\) human negligence. \u2192 \u9078\u629e\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066 or \u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b and \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u5171\u5b58\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306b\u5909\u8cea\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u7acb\u547d\u984c\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u7167\u5408\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b or \u3092\u7528\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16. \u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58 as \u306e\u6587\u8108\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u78ba\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e as \u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3001\u7406\u7531\u3001\u69d8\u614b\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u5f62\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u62b1\u3048\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u306e\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u306a\u63a8\u6e2c\u306b\u983c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8aa4\u8aad\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u307e\u308b\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001as \u304c\u62c5\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u306e\u6642\u5236\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u8a9e\u9806\u914d\u7f6e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u5236\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u8b58 as \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16.\uff11. \u5012\u7f6e\u30fb\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4e00\u610f\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

as \u304c\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7121\u51a0\u8a5e\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c as \u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5012\u7f6e\uff08\\(\\text{Rich as he is… \/ Child as he was…}\\)\uff09\u3092\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u7406\u7531\u3084\u6642\u9593\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u610f\u5473\u304c\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001as \u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3084\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\\(\\text{grow, increase, develop, change, age}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001as \u306f\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u4e26\u884c\u3057\u3066\u63a8\u79fb\u3059\u308b\u300c\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff08\u301c\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3064\u308c\u3066\uff09\u300d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u898b\u9003\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001as \u306e\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u95a2\u9580\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5012\u7f6e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6bd4\u4f8b\u306e as \u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001as \u306e\u76f4\u524d\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u7121\u51a0\u8a5e\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u6587\u982d\u304b\u3089\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001as \u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5909\u5316\u30fb\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u3082\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u6bd4\u8f03\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u547c\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306e\u4e26\u884c\u63a8\u79fb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \\(\\text{Formidable as}\\) the technical obstacles appeared, the engineering team refused to abandon the prototype design. \u2192 \u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e Formidable \u304c as \u306e\u524d\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u8b72\u6b69\uff08\u969c\u5bb3\u306f\u624b\u3054\u308f\u304f\u898b\u3048\u305f\u3051\u308c\u3069\u3082\uff09\u3068\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{As}\\) global atmospheric temperatures continue to rise, polar ice sheets melt at an accelerated velocity. \u2192 \u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e rise \u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e melt \u304c\u3068\u3082\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5730\u7403\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u4e0a\u6607\u306b\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u6c37\u5e8a\u878d\u89e3\u304c\u52a0\u901f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bd4\u4f8b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: \\(\\text{Scientist as}\\) she was, she could not remain indifferent to the philosophical implications of her discovery. \u2192 \u7121\u51a0\u8a5e\u306e\u540d\u8a5e Scientist \u304c\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3051\u308c\u3069\u3082\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u610f\u5473\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \\(\\text{As}\\) the ancient manuscript was fragile, the archivist handled it with extreme care. \u2192 \u7bc0\u5185\u306b\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u3084\u5909\u5316\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u305b\u305a\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u69cb\u9020\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8106\u5f31\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9759\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u614e\u91cd\u306a\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3044\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3084\u8b72\u6b69\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8868\u3059\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5012\u7f6e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u308b as \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16.\uff12. \u6642\u9593\u30fb\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u69d8\u614b\u306e\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5012\u7f6e\u3084\u6bd4\u4f8b\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001as \u306f\u6642\u9593\uff08\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\uff09\u3001\u7406\u7531\uff08\u301c\u306a\u306e\u3067\uff09\u3001\u69d8\u614b\uff08\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff09\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e09\u8005\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5e83\u304c\u308a\u3092\u6301\u3064\u52d5\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u304b\u3001\u6052\u5e38\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3084\u5171\u6709\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6392\u4ed6\u7684\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7bc0\u5185\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u540c\u6642\u306b\u9032\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u6642\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u30fb\u9759\u7684\u306a\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u77e5\u899a\u30fb\u601d\u8003\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff08\\(\\text{as you know, as was expected}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u65b9\u6cd5\u30fb\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u985e\u4f3c\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5834\u5408\u306f\u69d8\u614b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6642\u9593\u30fb\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001as \u7bc0\u304c\u5b9a\u578b\u7684\u306a\u69d8\u614b\u8868\u73fe\uff08\\(\\text{as is often the case, as has been noted}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u8a72\u5f53\u3059\u308c\u3070\u69d8\u614b\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u304c\u4e3b\u773c\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u6642\u9593\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u52d5\u6a5f\u3065\u3051\u308b\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7406\u7531\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u610f\u5473\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u304c\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The young scholar formulated the core thesis of his book \\(\\text{as}\\) he was walking through the university gardens. \u2192 \u5ead\u3092\u6b69\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u7bc0\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u306e\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u63cf\u5199\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6642\u9593\uff08\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{As}\\) the historical documents are exceptionally fragile, access to the original manuscripts is strictly restricted. \u2192 \u6587\u66f8\u304c\u8106\u5f31\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u95b2\u89a7\u5236\u9650\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7406\u7531\uff08\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff09\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The experimental results conformed precisely to theoretical predictions, \\(\\text{as}\\) had been anticipated by the research team. \u2192 \u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e88\u671f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u524d\u306e\u8a8d\u8b58\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u306e\u5408\u81f4\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u69d8\u614b\uff08\u301c\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The emergency siren sounded loudly \\(\\text{as}\\) the workers left the factory at the end of the shift. \u2192 \u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u304c\u9000\u5834\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u306e\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u30b5\u30a4\u30ec\u30f3\u304c\u9cf4\u3063\u305f\u6642\u9593\u7684\u540c\u6642\u6027\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7406\u7531\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u304c\u5e30\u5b85\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u30b5\u30a4\u30ec\u30f3\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6642\u9593\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u8b58 as \u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff17. \u591a\u7fa9\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58 while \u3068 since \u306e\u6642\u5236\u9023\u52d5\u5224\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

while \u3068 since \u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\uff08\u671f\u9593\uff0f\u8d77\u70b9\uff09\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\uff08\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\uff0f\u7406\u7531\uff09\u306e\u4e8c\u9762\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u9762\u6027\u306e\u5224\u5225\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u306e\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6642\u5236\u30fb\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u8108\u306e\u63a8\u6e2c\u306b\u983c\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6642\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u3068\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u898f\u5247\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6642\u5236\u9023\u52d5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5224\u5b9a\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff17.\uff11. \u4e3b\u7bc0\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u8d77\u70b9\u6307\u793a\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e since \u306f\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u6765\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8d77\u70b9\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6642\u9593\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8ad6\u7406\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u4e8c\u3064\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\uff08have + \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\uff09\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002since \u304c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8d77\u70b9\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4e00\u6642\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u5728\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f\u57fa\u6e96\u6642\uff09\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u533a\u9593\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u306f\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u304c\u5fc5\u9808\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001since \u304c\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u306f\u5358\u7d14\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u3001\u672a\u6765\u5f62\u306a\u3069\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u6642\u5236\u304c\u751f\u8d77\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u306b\u675f\u7e1b\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u5f62\u614b\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u4e00\u77ac\u3067\u5cfb\u5225\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

since \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5b8c\u4e86\u9032\u884c\u5f62\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u304b\u3064 since \u7bc0\u304c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u6642\u70b9\uff08\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u52d5\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u5e74\u53f7\uff09\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u301c\u4ee5\u6765\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f since \u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u6052\u5e38\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3084\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u7406\u7531\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3089\u306b\u306f\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The regional economy has experienced unprecedented revitalization \\(\\text{since}\\) the high-speed railway station was inaugurated in 2015. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u73fe\u5728\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62 \\(\\text{has experienced}\\) \u3092\u53d6\u308a\u3001since \u7bc0\u5185\u304c\u904e\u53bb\u5f62 \\(\\text{was inaugurated}\\) \u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff082015\u5e74\u306b\u958b\u696d\u3057\u3066\u4ee5\u6765\uff09\u3068\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{Since}\\) the independent auditing committee has verified all financial transactions, the board will officially approve the annual report. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u672a\u6765\u5f62 \\(\\text{will approve}\\) \u3067\u3042\u308a\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u304c\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65e2\u77e5\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7406\u7531\uff08\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: Many decades have elapsed \\(\\text{since}\\) the pioneering sociologist first articulated this theoretical paradigm. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62 \\(\\text{have elapsed}\\) \u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u304c\u6700\u521d\u306b\u63d0\u5531\u3057\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7d4c\u904e\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6642\u9593\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \\(\\text{Since}\\) the laboratory apparatus is extremely sensitive to vibrational disturbances, visitors must turn off their mobile phones. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e \\(\\text{must turn off}\\) \u3067\u3042\u308a\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u3092\u6b20\u304f\u3002\u88c5\u7f6e\u306e\u7e4a\u7d30\u3055\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u7406\u7531\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u5b8c\u4e86\u76f8\u3068\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f since \u306e\u8b58\u5225\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff17.\uff12. \u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3068\u6642\u9593\u306e\u5cfb\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e while \u306f\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u9593\u306b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u9593\u7684\u540c\u6642\u6027\u3092\u8868\u3059\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u3001\u300c\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8ad6\u7406\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u8005\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068 while \u7bc0\u306e\u9593\u306b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u7279\u6027\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002while \u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306a\u9032\u884c\u4e2d\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u3067\u5225\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u6642\u9593\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068 while \u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e8c\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u304b\u3064\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u8ff0\u90e8\u304c\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u3084\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u7acb\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5224\u5b9a\u306e\u6c7a\u3081\u624b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

while \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068 while \u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e8c\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e21\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u304c\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u7279\u6027\uff08\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u6e1b\u5c11\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3068\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u4f1d\u7d71\u3068\u9769\u65b0\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308c\u3070\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7d99\u7d9a\u306e\u63cf\u5199\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u5bfe\u7acb\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u6642\u9593\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e while \u7bc0\u306b\u5bfe\u7acb\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3082\u52a0\u5473\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The clinical trial monitored the cognitive functions of elderly participants \\(\\text{while}\\) they were engaged in rigorous mental training exercises. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u304c\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u88ab\u9a13\u8005\u7fa4\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u6642\u9593\uff08\u8a13\u7df4\u306b\u5f93\u4e8b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9593\u306b\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: Developed economies are transitioning rapidly toward renewable energy sources, \\(\\text{while}\\) many emerging nations remain heavily dependent on coal combustion. \u2192 \u5148\u9032\u56fd\u3068\u65b0\u8208\u56fd\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u3001\u518d\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u3068\u77f3\u70ad\u4f9d\u5b58\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306a\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\uff08\u301c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\uff09\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: \\(\\text{While}\\) the proposed architectural design is aesthetically breathtaking, its structural feasibility remains highly questionable. \u2192 \u7f8e\u7684\u7d20\u6674\u3089\u3057\u3055\u3068\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5b9f\u73fe\u6027\u306e\u7591\u308f\u3057\u3055\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76f8\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u4e26\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e while \u304c\u8b72\u6b69\uff08\u301c\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The theoretical physicist calculated the mathematical formulas \\(\\text{while}\\) his research assistant was preparing the experimental apparatus. \u2192 \u4e8c\u4eba\u306e\u4eba\u7269\u304c\u4e26\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u3068\u5b9f\u9a13\u6e96\u5099\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f5c\u696d\u306e\u5206\u62c5\u304c\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69d8\u5b50\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u3084\u7acb\u5834\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u306f\u6642\u9593\u7684\u540c\u6642\u6027\uff08\u301c\u3059\u308b\u9593\u306b\uff09\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u3088\u308b while \u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff18. \u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u5727\u7e2e\u3059\u308b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u547d\u984c\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u8907\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u51dd\u7e2e\u3057\u305f\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u69cb\u6587\uff08Nominalization\uff09\u304c\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u60c5\u5831\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u683c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4e8b\u8c61\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u53e5\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u306a\u8ff0\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u89e3\u51cd\u3057\u3001\u5931\u308f\u308c\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u89e3\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff18.\uff11. \u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u5c55\u958b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\\(\\text{The destruction of the rainforest by illegal logging…}\\) \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e \\(\\text{destruction}\\) \u306f\u52d5\u8a5e \\(\\text{destroy}\\) \u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e \\(\\text{of}\\) \u306f\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e \\(\\text{by}\\) \u306f\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\uff09\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9759\u7684\u306a\u5916\u5f62\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6df1\u5c64\u306b\u306f\u300c\u4e0d\u6cd5\u4f10\u63a1\u304c\u71b1\u5e2f\u96e8\u6797\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u80fd\u52d5\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u884c\u308f\u305a\u306b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u307e\u307e\u76f4\u8a33\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u614b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u969b\u306f\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u3078\u3068\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u306b\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u53e5\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u5e79\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\uff08\\(\\text{of, by, for, in}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u3069\u308c\u304c\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3069\u308c\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u308b\u3002\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u7531\u6765\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 \\(\\text{of}\\) \u53e5\u306f\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u3092 \\(\\text{S \uff0b V \uff0b O}\\) \u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5727\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u52d5\u4f5c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The prompt \\(\\text{intervention of the central bank in the foreign exchange market}\\) stabilized the national currency. \u2192 \u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u4e2d\u592e\u9280\u884c\u304c\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff09\u5916\u56fd\u70ba\u66ff\u5e02\u5834\u306b\uff08\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\uff09\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u4ecb\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u901a\u8ca8\u5b89\u5b9a\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The rapid \\(\\text{depletion of oceanic fish stocks by commercial trawlers}\\) threatens marine biodiversity. \u2192 \u300c\u5546\u696d\u7528\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u8239\u304c\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff09\u6d77\u6d0b\u9b5a\u985e\u8cc7\u6e90\u3092\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff09\u6025\u901f\u306b\u67af\u6e07\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The committee demanded the full \\(\\text{disclosure of all clinical trial data by the manufacturer}\\). \u2192 \u300c\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u8005\u304c\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff09\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6cbb\u9a13\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff09\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u958b\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8981\u6c42\u5185\u5bb9\u306e\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The unexpected \\(\\text{arrival of the diplomatic delegation at the summit}\\) caught the host nation unprepared. \u2192 \u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e \\(\\text{arrive}\\) \u306b\u7531\u6765\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\\(\\text{of}\\) \u53e5\u306f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u4ee3\u8868\u56e3\u304c\u5230\u7740\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u81ea\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u533a\u5225\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u4e3b\u683c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5185\u5305\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff18.\uff12. \u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u8907\u6587\u9084\u5143\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u4e8c\u3064\u9023\u7d50\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\\(\\text{His failure to adapt caused his downfall.}\\) \u306f\u3001\u300c\u5f7c\u304c\u9069\u5fdc\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u5931\u811a\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306b\u9084\u5143\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u7121\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u3084\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u4e26\u7f6e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3002\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08\\(\\text{lead to, result from, cause, prevent, reflect}\\)\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3078\u3068\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7bc0\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\u8907\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306e\u901f\u8aad\u3068\u7cbe\u8aad\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8907\u6587\u3078\u9084\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u53e5\u3092\u7b2c1\u547d\u984c\uff08\u7bc0A\uff09\u3078\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u53e5\u3092\u7b2c2\u547d\u984c\uff08\u7bc0B\uff09\u3078\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7279\u6027\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u4e21\u547d\u984c\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08because, so, if, although \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\\(\\text{\u7bc0A \uff0b \u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e \uff0b \u7bc0B}\\) \u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9084\u5143\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9759\u7684\u306a\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u9023\u9396\u304c\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3078\u3068\u5909\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The continuous \\(\\text{accumulation of greenhouse gases}\\) leads to the accelerated \\(\\text{melting of polar ice sheets}\\). \u2192 \u7b2c1\u547d\u984c\u300c\u6e29\u5ba4\u52b9\u679c\u30ac\u30b9\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u84c4\u7a4d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3068\u7b2c2\u547d\u984c\u300c\u6975\u5c0f\u306e\u6c37\u5e8a\u304c\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u306b\u878d\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u304c\u3001leads to \u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8907\u6587\u306b\u9084\u5143\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u6e29\u5ba4\u52b9\u679c\u30ac\u30b9\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u84c4\u7a4d\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6975\u5c0f\u306e\u6c37\u5e8a\u304c\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u306b\u878d\u89e3\u3059\u308b\uff08Because …, …\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The rigorous \\(\\text{enforcement of copyright laws}\\) prevented the widespread \\(\\text{proliferation of pirated digital content}\\). \u2192 \u300c\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u6cd5\u304c\u53b3\u683c\u306b\u57f7\u884c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6d77\u8cca\u7248\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u306e\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u62e1\u6563\u304c\u9632\u304c\u308c\u305f\uff08Because …, … did not spread\uff09\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The striking \\(\\text{disparity in regional educational funding}\\) reflects the historical \\(\\text{divergence in municipal tax revenues}\\). \u2192 \u300c\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306e\u7a0e\u53ce\u304c\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u306b\u4e56\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5730\u57df\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u4e88\u7b97\u306b\u9855\u8457\u306a\u683c\u5dee\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u80cc\u666f\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\u3078\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The unexpected \\(\\text{resignation of the chief negotiator}\\) resulted from the profound \\(\\text{ideological disagreement within the cabinet}\\). \u2192 resulted from \u306f\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u5185\u95a3\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u5bfe\u7acb\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e3b\u4efb\u4ea4\u6e09\u5b98\u304c\u8f9e\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u77e2\u5370\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u3066\u8907\u6587\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u8907\u6587\u9084\u5143\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u610f\u5473\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff19. \u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u8a71\u8005\u614b\u5ea6\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u982d\u3084\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u306f\u3001\u547d\u984c\u9593\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u8a00\u660e\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u78ba\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3001\u8a3c\u62e0\u6027\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8ac7\u8a71\u9032\u884c\u306e\u6307\u91dd\u3092\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u30e1\u30bf\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u50cd\u304d\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u8aac\u3092\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u691c\u8a3c\u9014\u4e0a\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u614e\u91cd\u306b\u7559\u4fdd\u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u8aa4\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u8a71\u8005\u614b\u5ea6\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u539f\u7406\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff19.\uff11. \u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u98fe\u3068\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u5cfb\u5225<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08\u547d\u984c\u4fee\u98fe\uff09\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u3092\u767a\u8a71\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u6a19\u8b58\uff09\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\\(\\text{Honestly, he failed the exam.}\\) \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\\(\\text{Honestly}\\) \u306f\u300c\u5f7c\u304c\u6b63\u76f4\u306b\u8a66\u9a13\u306b\u843d\u3061\u305f\u300d\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u79c1\u304c\u6b63\u76f4\u306b\u544a\u767d\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u8a66\u9a13\u306b\u843d\u3061\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\\(\\text{briefly speaking, clearly, admittedly}\\) \u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u6587\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3092\u5cfb\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aa4\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u526f\u8a5e\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6587\u982d\u3084\u30b3\u30f3\u30de\u306e\u9593\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u7d20\u304b\u3089\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u300c\u79c1\u304c\u301c\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a00\u3046\u306a\u3089\u3070\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u767a\u8a71\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u767a\u8a71\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u614b\u5ea6\uff08\u7387\u76f4\u3055\u3001\u7c21\u6f54\u3055\u3001\u627f\u8a8d\u3001\u78ba\u4fe1\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u610f\u56f3\u304c\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \\(\\text{Admittedly}\\), the computational simulation model simplifies several turbulent environmental variables. \u2192 \u7b46\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u300c\u81ea\u8aac\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u5909\u6570\u3092\u5358\u7d14\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u627f\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u306a\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u9632\u5fa1\u7dda\u3092\u5f35\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{Clearly}\\), the current institutional safeguards are entirely insufficient to mitigate systemic risk. \u2192 \u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u8996\u899a\u7684\u660e\u77ad\u3055\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u8ab0\u3082\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u3044\u660e\u767d\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u79c1\u304c\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u78ba\u4fe1\u306e\u8a00\u660e\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: \\(\\text{To put it succinctly}\\), the entire economic crisis was precipitated by unregulated financial speculation. \u2192 \u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u7c21\u6f54\u3055\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u79c1\u304c\u624b\u77ed\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u767a\u8a71\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ac7\u8a71\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u96c6\u7d04\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u660e\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The witness testified \\(\\text{honestly}\\) before the parliamentary inquiry. \u2192 \u6587\u672b\u306e honestly \u306f\u52d5\u8a5e testified \u306e\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u4fee\u98fe\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u300c\u6b63\u76f4\u306b\u8a3c\u8a00\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e Honestly, …\uff08\u7387\u76f4\u306b\u8a00\u3063\u3066\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3057\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u98fe\u3068\u767a\u8a71\u884c\u70ba\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u5cfb\u5225\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff19.\uff12. \u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u540c\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3068\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u8108\u3092\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u30fb\u4fa1\u5024\u7684\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u5237\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\\(\\text{Ironically, fortunately, unfortunately, remarkably, curiously}\\) \u306a\u3069\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u30ec\u30f3\u30ba\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u3080\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070 \\(\\text{Ironically}\\) \u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u300c\u610f\u56f3\u3084\u5e38\u8b58\u3068\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u7d50\u672b\u304c\u3053\u308c\u304b\u3089\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u69cb\u3048\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u76ae\u8089\u3084\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306e\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u53d7\u5bb9\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u89e3\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u8a55\u4fa1\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u30fb\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\uff08\u76ae\u8089\u3001\u5e78\u904b\u3001\u907a\u61be\u3001\u9a5a\u5606\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u8a9e\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u3044\u305f\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u306a\u305c\u305d\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5f53\u8a72\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3092\u5148\u884c\u6587\u8108\u3084\u5e38\u8b58\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u3068\u306e\u4e56\u96e2\u304b\u3089\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6279\u8a55\u7684\u8996\u5ea7\u304c\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The government implemented strict price controls to protect impoverished consumers; \\(\\text{ironically}\\), this intervention resulted in severe supply shortages that fueled black markets. \u2192 \u610f\u56f3\uff08\u4fdd\u8b77\uff09\u3068\u7d50\u679c\uff08\u4e0d\u8db3\u3068\u95c7\u5e02\u5834\uff09\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u4e56\u96e2\u3092 ironically \u304c\u4e88\u544a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u306e\u9006\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3059\u308b\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u76ae\u8089\u304c\u8fbc\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The diplomatic delegation arrived late due to severe weather; \\(\\text{fortunately}\\), the opening session had been postponed for administrative reasons. \u2192 \u9045\u523b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5ef6\u671f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e78\u904b\u306a\u5076\u7136\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u554f\u984c\u304c\u56de\u907f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b89\u5835\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The ancient manuscript survived centuries of war and neglect; \\(\\text{tragically}\\), it was destroyed in a minor library fire shortly after its rediscovery. \u2192 \u5947\u8de1\u7684\u306a\u6b8b\u5b58\u3068\u3042\u3063\u3051\u306a\u3044\u713c\u5931\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u5316\u8ca1\u306e\u55aa\u5931\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6df1\u3044\u907a\u61be\u306e\u5ff5\u304c tragically \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u5171\u6709\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The innovative startup achieved rapid profitability within six months; \\(\\text{remarkably}\\), it did so without securing any external venture capital. \u2192 \u5916\u90e8\u8cc7\u672c\u306a\u3057\u3067\u306e\u9ed2\u5b57\u5316\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u3081\u3066\u7570\u4f8b\u306e\u9054\u6210\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u79f0\u8cdb\u3068\u9a5a\u5606\u306e\u8996\u7dda\u304c remarkably \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8a55\u4fa1\u7684\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11\uff10. \u524d\u63d0\u306e\u6295\u5c04\u3068\u4f1a\u8a71\u306e\u542b\u610f\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u6a5f\u69cb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u771f\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u524d\u63d0\uff08Presupposition\uff09\u3084\u3001\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u542b\u610f\uff08Implicature\uff09\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u304c\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u3079\u304d\u4eee\u8aac\u3092\u3042\u305f\u304b\u3082\u8a3c\u660e\u6e08\u307f\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3055\u305b\u305f\u308a\u3001\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u6697\u793a\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u6a5f\u69cb\u3092\u89e3\u4f53\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306e\u5de7\u307f\u306a\u8aac\u5f97\u5de5\u4f5c\u3092\u7121\u6279\u5224\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u542b\u610f\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u6a5f\u69cb\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11\uff10.\uff11. \u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eee\u5b9a\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3042\u308b\u7a2e\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\\(\\text{even}\\) \u306f\u300c\u305d\u308c\u304c\u6700\u3082\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u305d\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3044\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3001\\(\\text{again}\\) \u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53cd\u5fa9\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3001\\(\\text{still}\\) \u306f\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u3042\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u73fe\u5728\u307e\u3067\u4e2d\u65ad\u306a\u304f\u7d99\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d99\u7d9a\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u306f\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3082\u6d88\u6ec5\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff08\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u6295\u5c04\u6027\uff09\u3002\u6587\u306e\u771f\u507d\u3092\u554f\u3046\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u554f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3001\u660e\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eee\u5b9a\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u8a98\u767a\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\uff08even, still, again, another, too \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7591\u554f\u6587\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u3082\u306a\u304a\u771f\u3067\u3042\u308a\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u80cc\u666f\u547d\u984c\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u80cc\u666f\u547d\u984c\u304c\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u8108\u3084\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u4e86\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u6df1\u5c64\u306b\u6577\u304b\u308c\u305f\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: Even the most sophisticated neural network cannot fully replicate the nuanced contextual understanding of human consciousness. \u2192 \u300c\u6700\u5148\u7aef\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306f\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u610f\u8b58\u3092\u518d\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u304c even \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6295\u5c04\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6700\u4e0a\u4f4d\u3067\u3059\u3089\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u306e\u3060\u304b\u3089\u4ed6\u306f\u8a00\u3046\u307e\u3067\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u5f37\u5ea6\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The municipal council is still debating the allocation of public funds for the transit project. \u2192 still \u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u300c\u516c\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u306e\u914d\u5206\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306f\u4ee5\u524d\u304b\u3089\u76f8\u5f53\u671f\u9593\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7d99\u7d9a\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The authoritarian regime has once again suspended the constitutional rights of political assembly. \u2192 once again \u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u300c\u540c\u653f\u6a29\u304c\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u3082\u96c6\u4f1a\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u505c\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u524d\u4f8b\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The research team achieved another remarkable breakthrough in quantum cryptography. \u2192 another \u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u300c\u540c\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u306f\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u30d6\u30ec\u30a4\u30af\u30b9\u30eb\u30fc\u3092\u3059\u3067\u306b\u9054\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5148\u884c\u5b9f\u7e3e\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4eee\u5b9a\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11\uff10.\uff12. \u5354\u8abf\u306e\u539f\u5247\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9038\u8131\u304c\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u610f\u56f3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u3042\u3048\u3066\u5197\u9577\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u9006\u306b\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u3079\u304d\u7b87\u6240\u3067\u305d\u308c\u3092\u7701\u7565\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u30b0\u30e9\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u5354\u8abf\u306e\u539f\u5247\uff08\u91cf\u306e\u516c\u7406\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u516c\u7406\u7b49\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u610f\u56f3\uff08\u4f1a\u8a71\u306e\u542b\u610f\uff09\u3092\u63a8\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u524d\u6587\u3068\u5f8c\u6587\u306e\u9593\u306b\u660e\u767d\u306a\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u5358\u306a\u308b \\(\\text{and}\\) \u3067\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3064\u3064\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u8a8d\u77e5\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u305d\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u63a8\u8ad6\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u6587\u5b57\u901a\u308a\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3068\u4f1d\u9054\u3055\u308c\u305f\u610f\u5473\u306e\u843d\u5dee\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u63a8\u8ad6\u529b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u3092\u63a8\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u4e0d\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u904e\u5270\u3001\u5e0c\u8584\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5510\u7a81\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3057\u305f\u7406\u7531\u3092\u3001\u8cac\u4efb\u306e\u56de\u907f\u3001\u76ae\u8089\u3001\u6697\u793a\u7684\u306a\u6279\u5224\u306a\u3069\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u63a8\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304c\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u4f1d\u9054\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6df1\u5c64\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u610f\u56f3\u304c\u89e3\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The politician voted in favor of the deregulation bill, and his primary campaign donor acquired a lucrative monopoly the following week. \u2192 \u56e0\u679c\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305a and \u3067\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u4e26\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u540d\u8a89\u6bc0\u640d\u3092\u56de\u907f\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u300c\u6cd5\u6848\u8cdb\u6210\u306e\u898b\u8fd4\u308a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u6a29\u304c\u4f9b\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u7591\u60d1\u3092\u542b\u610f\u3055\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The professor read the student’s ambitious theoretical manuscript; however, he praised the elegant typography. \u2192 \u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306b\u8a00\u53ca\u305b\u305a\u5370\u5237\u306e\u7f8e\u3057\u3055\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8912\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u95a2\u9023\u6027\u306e\u516c\u7406\u306e\u9055\u53cd\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u300c\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u81ea\u4f53\u306f\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306b\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u5024\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u75db\u70c8\u306a\u6279\u5224\u304c\u542b\u610f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: She is highly intelligent, but she has published numerous peer-reviewed articles. \u2192 \u77e5\u6027\u3068\u8ad6\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u3068\u3044\u3046\u672c\u6765\u9806\u63a5\u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u4e8c\u8005\u304c but \u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u5f7c\u5973\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u306f\u77e5\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u8005\u306f\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u6feb\u9020\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7279\u6b8a\u306a\u76ae\u8089\u3084\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u542b\u610f\u304c\u7acb\u3061\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: The CEO resigned immediately. Furthermore, the company’s financial audit was made public. \u2192 \u5358\u7d14\u306a\u4ed8\u52a0\u3092\u793a\u3059 Furthermore \u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8f9e\u4efb\u3068\u4e0d\u6b63\u767a\u899a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u4e26\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u9593\u306b\u300c\u4e0d\u6b63\u767a\u899a\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u8f9e\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u63a8\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u8a98\u5c0e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5354\u8abf\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306e\u9038\u8131\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u8a00\u5916\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u306e\u63a8\u8ad6\u624b\u9806\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11\uff11. \u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7834\u683c\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306e\u5236\u5fa1\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u3042\u3048\u3066\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306b\u983c\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u633f\u5165\u3001\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u308f\u306a\u3044\u6587\u306e\u4e26\u7f6e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u975e\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306f\u3001\u601d\u8003\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u98db\u7fd4\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u6975\u9650\u307e\u3067\u51dd\u7e2e\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5236\u5fa1\u88c5\u7f6e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a18\u53f7\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u6f5c\u3080\u63a5\u7d9a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u96e3\u95a2\u5927\u5165\u8a66\u306e\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u601d\u8003\u306e\u5207\u65ad\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u8a18\u53f7\u3068\u975e\u6a19\u6e96\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u63a5\u7d9a\u306e\u539f\u7406\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11\uff11.\uff11. \u633f\u5165\u53e5\u30fb\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u968e\u5c64\u306e\u5206\u96e2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u306b\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u3084\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3067\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7bc0\u30fb\u53e5\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u7684\u306a\u9032\u884c\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u4e2d\u65ad\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6ce8\u91c8\u3001\u53cd\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u9632\u5fa1\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u5373\u6642\u63d0\u793a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u633f\u5165\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u968e\u5c64\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u5c64\uff09\u3068\u633f\u5165\u90e8\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u968e\u5c64\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u5c64\uff09\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u4e26\u884c\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306b\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u3068\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u633f\u5165\u8a18\u53f7\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u968e\u5c64\u5206\u96e2\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u7834\u58ca\u3092\u9632\u3050\u76fe\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u633f\u5165\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u5bfe\u3092\u306a\u3059\u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\uff08\u2014 … \u2014\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u633f\u5165\u90e8\u306e\u958b\u59cb\u3068\u7d42\u4e86\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u753b\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u633f\u5165\u90e8\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u62ec\u5f27\u306b\u5165\u308c\u3066\u9694\u96e2\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u76f4\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u3066\u6587\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u633f\u5165\u90e8\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u7406\u7531\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u3001\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u7b49\uff09\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u3069\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6ce8\u91c8\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u5206\u96e2\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u6587\u304c\u6574\u7406\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: The core assumption of the economic model\u2014\\(\\text{that all consumers possess perfect information regarding market prices}\\)\u2014is fundamentally contradicted by empirical behavioral studies. \u2192 \u30c0\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u306b\u631f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u540c\u683c\u540d\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u9694\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e The core assumption \u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e is contradicted \u306e\u4e3b\u8ff0\u9aa8\u683c\u304c\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: The ancient philosophical manuscript\u2014\\(\\text{though severely damaged by centuries of neglect in the monastic cellar}\\)\u2014remains entirely legible under specialized ultraviolet imaging. \u2192 \u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u526f\u8a5e\u7bc0\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u9694\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5199\u672c\u304c\u89e3\u8aad\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u547d\u984c\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: The sudden collapse of the regional ecosystem\u2014\\(\\text{a catastrophe that scientists had predicted for decades}\\)\u2014finally galvanized international political action. \u2192 \u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u540c\u683c\u7684\u6ce8\u91c8\u304c\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e8b\u614b\u306e\u91cd\u5927\u6027\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u3078\u3068\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: Traditional manufacturing industries\u2014\\(\\text{because they failed to adopt modern automation technologies}\\)\u2014experienced devastating losses during the economic transition. \u2192 \u7406\u7531\u7bc0\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5272\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7406\u7531\u7bc0\u3092\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3057\u3066\u4e3b\u6587\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7406\u7531\u3092\u305d\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u5f15\u304d\u91d1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u633f\u5165\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u968e\u5c64\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u3068\u7d71\u5408\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u7fd2\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11\uff11.\uff12. \u63a5\u7d9a\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u304c\u6307\u793a\u3059\u308b\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u7d71\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u6587\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3057\u3066\u51fa\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff08\\(\\text{Although A, yet if B, then therefore C}\\) \u7b49\uff09\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u7d42\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u3069\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u6a19\u8b58\u306f\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u91cd\u5c64\u5316\u3068\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u591a\u91cd\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3078\u3068\u8aad\u8005\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30ec\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5404\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u304c\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u5185\u5074\u304b\u3089\u9806\u306b\u62ec\u5f27\u62ec\u308a\u3057\u3001\u5916\u5074\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u9aa8\u683c\u3078\u3068\u53ce\u675f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u7d71\u5408\u529b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u7d9a\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3082\u306e\u304b\u6587\u4fee\u98fe\u306e\u526f\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u5404\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u304c\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u306e\u958b\u59cb\u3068\u7d42\u4e86\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u5165\u308c\u5b50\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u968e\u5c64\u6027\uff09\u3092\u56f3\u5f0f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6700\u6df1\u90e8\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u304b\u3089\u9806\u306b\u610f\u5473\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u4e0b\u3059\u7d50\u8ad6\u547d\u984c\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u8907\u6587\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u638c\u63e1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b1: \\(\\text{Even if}\\) the preliminary laboratory results are confirmed, \\(\\text{unless}\\) the production costs can be substantially reduced, the new material \\(\\text{will nevertheless}\\) remain commercially unviable. \u2192 Even if \u7bc0\uff08\u8b72\u6b69\uff09\u3068 unless \u7bc0\uff08\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e nevertheless \u304c\u4e21\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u305f\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08\u5546\u696d\u7684\u306b\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u305f\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b2: \\(\\text{While}\\) the policy was intended to reduce income inequality, \\(\\text{because}\\) it lacked effective enforcement mechanisms, it \\(\\text{consequently}\\) exacerbated the very disparities it aimed to eliminate. \u2192 While\uff08\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u610f\u56f3\uff09\u306e\u4e2d\u306b because\uff08\u6b20\u9665\u306e\u7406\u7531\uff09\u304c\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u3055\u308c\u3001consequently \u304c\u305d\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u305b\u3056\u308b\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u6253\u3061\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b3: \\(\\text{Although}\\) the historical evidence is sparse, \\(\\text{if}\\) we examine the linguistic patterns of the surviving dialects, we can \\(\\text{therefore}\\) reconstruct the ancestral migration routes with reasonable confidence. \u2192 \u8a3c\u62e0\u306e\u5e0c\u5c11\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3064\u3064\u3001\u65b9\u8a00\u5206\u6790\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u305b\u3070\u3001\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b4: \\(\\text{Since}\\) the technological transition is inevitable, \\(\\text{not only must}\\) corporations adapt their business models, \\(\\text{but}\\) governments \\(\\text{must also}\\) establish robust safety nets for displaced workers. \u2192 \u7406\u7531\u7bc0 Since \u306e\u8db3\u5834\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u3001Not only … but also … \u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u547d\u984c\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u3068\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9f\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3068\u5e30\u7d50\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u9023\u95a2\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u6271\u3063\u305f\u53cd\u5b9f\u4eee\u60f3\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3084\u9664\u5916\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30d7\u753b\u5b9a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u30fb\u6307\u793a\u8a9e\u3068\u7167\u5fdc\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u624b\u9806\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u6587\u982d\u7d50\u675f\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u69cb\u6587\u3084\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7167\u5fdc\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3068\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u88dc\u5b8c\u3057\u5408\u3046\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u985e\u578b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5c55\u958b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9078\u629e\u539f\u7406\u304c\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\uff08\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u578b\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u578b\u7b49\uff09\u3078\u3068\u7d50\u5b9f\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u306b\u628a\u63e1\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8003\u7a76\uff1a\u8ac7\u8a71\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u591a\u9762\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u3068\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u7167\u5fdc\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6587\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u307f\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3066\u3082\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u5b9a\u307e\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5834\u9762\u306f\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3084\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6307\u793a\u7bc4\u56f2\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3084\u8ad6\u8a3c\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u9060\u9694\u5730\u70b9\u306b\u53ca\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u306e\u5230\u9054\u76ee\u6a19\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u7167\u5fdc\u9023\u9396\u3084\u547d\u984c\u5727\u7e2e\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u591a\u89d2\u7684\u306a\u8996\u5ea7\u304b\u3089\u691c\u8a3c\u30fb\u78ba\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u539f\u7406\u5c64\u3067\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u6587\u9593\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u57fa\u6e96\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u7167\u5fdc\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u3092\u67b6\u6a4b\u3059\u308b\u975e\u5236\u9650\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8907\u6587\u5727\u7e2e\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u672c\u5c64\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u591a\u9762\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u529b\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u7cbe\u9ac4\u5c64\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u3067\u9ad8\u901f\u304b\u3064\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3001\u521d\u898b\u306e\u5909\u5247\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u9069\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u524d\u63d0\u77e5\u8b58\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u9593\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3068\u6307\u793a\u7167\u5fdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3001\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u306f\u6027\u30fb\u6570\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u7684\u9855\u8457\u6027\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u5224\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8907\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u5727\u7e2e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u8907\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3078\u3068\u5727\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u51dd\u7e2e\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5727\u7e2e\u3092\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u3078\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u3066\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167: [\u57fa\u790e M04]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11. \u8907\u6570\u6587\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u7167\u5fdc\u9023\u9396\u3068\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u7279\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u88dc\u8a9e\u306b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u4eee\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u8108\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u53cd\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u3067\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e3b\u984c\u3084\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6587\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u53ca\u3076\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u308b\u7167\u5fdc\u9023\u9396\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u9855\u8457\u6027\u3068\u7af6\u5408\u89e3\u6d88\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3059\u308b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff11. \u4e3b\u8a9e\u512a\u5148\u306e\u539f\u5247\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u9855\u8457\u6027\u306e\u7af6\u5408\u89e3\u6d88<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u8fd1\u3055\u306e\u307f\u3092\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u5f93\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u8aa4\u8aad\u3092\u62db\u304f\u3002\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u306f\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u6301\u3064\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u9855\u8457\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u5360\u3081\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306f\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u4e0a\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u8db3\u5834\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u512a\u5148\u3067\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u50be\u5411\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u306f\u7121\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8ab2\u3059\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3084\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3068\u7af6\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u610f\u5473\u5f79\u5272\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u3001\u7d4c\u9a13\u8005\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\uff09\u3068\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u8907\u6570\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u6301\u3064\u610f\u5473\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u512a\u5148\u306e\u539f\u5247\u3068\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6253\u3068\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u306e\u66d6\u6627\u6027\u3092\u653e\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u307e\u307e\u3067\u306f\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u6cd5\u30fb\u6975\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u70b9\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u512a\u5148\u306e\u539f\u5247\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3082\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u305d\u308c\u3092\u68c4\u5374\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3084\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u771f\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8907\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u691c\u8a3c\u624b\u9806\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7167\u5fdc\u306e\u7af6\u5408\u3092\u89e3\u6d88\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u5185\u306e\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u7d20\u6027\uff08\u4eba\u79f0\u3001\u6027\u3001\u6570\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u7d20\u6027\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u306b\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5404\u5019\u88dc\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u8981\u7d20\uff09\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eee\u8aac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3068\u6587\u8108\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u304d\u305f\u3059\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5019\u88dc\u3078\u3068\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u88dc\u3046\u3079\u304d\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The supervisory committee rigorously interrogated the chief compliance officer regarding the undisclosed transactions, but [ ] steadfastly refused to substantiate the allegations. \u2192 \u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u3057\u3066 committee \u3068 officer \u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001refused \u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u62d2\u7d76\u3092\u884c\u3046\u5358\u6570\u6709\u60c5\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e officer \u304c\u771f\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7279\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f he \u307e\u305f\u306f she \u304c\u88dc\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The pharmaceutical corporation acquired the promising biotechnology startup, anticipating that [ ] would accelerate the development of specialized mRNA vaccines. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e corporation \u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e startup \u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u5358\u6570\u4e2d\u6027\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002accelerate \u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30ef\u30af\u30c1\u30f3\u958b\u767a\u306e\u6280\u8853\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u4fdd\u6709\u3059\u308b\u5074\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u88ab\u8cb7\u53ce\u5074\u3067\u3042\u308b startup \u304c\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b it \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The appellate court overturned the municipal ordinance, asserting that [ ] violated the fundamental constitutional protections guaranteed to all citizens. \u2192 overturned \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e ordinance \u304c\u3001violated \u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u306b\u306f court \u3082\u5358\u6570\u4e2d\u6027\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7af6\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u61b2\u6cd5\u9055\u53cd\u3092\u72af\u3057\u305f\u4e3b\u4f53\u306f\u5236\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6761\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001ordinance \u304c\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: The defense attorney questioned the forensic investigator about the chain of custody, because [ ] had erroneously identified the trace evidence at the scene. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u3042\u308b the forensic investigator \u3092\u7269\u7406\u7684\u8fd1\u63a5\u6027\u306e\u307f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u8abf\u67fb\u5b98\u304c\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5f01\u8b77\u4eba\u304c\u8cea\u554f\u3057\u305f\u3068\u5373\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6587\u8108\u3092\u7cbe\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f01\u8b77\u4eba\u304c\u8cea\u554f\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u52d5\u6a5f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u307e\u3055\u306b\u305d\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u5b98\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u73fe\u5834\u3067\u8a3c\u62e0\u3092\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5148\u884c\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001because \u7bc0\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86 had erroneously identified \u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u52d5\u8a5e questioned \u3088\u308a\u524d\u306e\u5148\u884c\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6642\u9593\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e attorney \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e investigator \u304c\u8aa4\u8a8d\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9855\u8457\u6027\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3092\u9023\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u305f\u7167\u5fdc\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff12. \u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u306e this \/ that \u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u304c this \u3084 that \u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u8ff0\u90e8\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u898b\u9003\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e this \u304a\u3088\u3073 that \u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u7167\u5fdc\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u3002\u3068\u308a\u308f\u3051\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u5b66\u8aac\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u306e\u5192\u982d\u3067 This implies that… \u3084 That is why… \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5148\u884c\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u3050\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u306e\u539f\u7406\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5c0e\u3053\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4e8b\u8c61\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u7d71\u62ec\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6027\u8cea\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304b\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4eee\u8aac\u304b\u3001\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u77db\u76fe\u304b\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3084\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u306e\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u3042\u308b this \/ that \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u5358\u72ec\u306e\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u7528\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u547d\u984c\u3092\u9805\u306b\u3068\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08means, indicates, explains, contradicts \u7b49\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3069\u306e\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u547d\u984c\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u9806\u63a5\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u3001\u5e30\u7d50\uff09\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The central bank continued to inject liquidity despite escalating inflation figures. This [ ] financial analysts, who had anticipated an immediate interest rate hike. \u2192 \u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u4f9b\u7d66\u7d99\u7d9a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653f\u7b56\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5168\u4f53\u304c This \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u300c\u5229\u4e0a\u3052\u3092\u4e88\u60f3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f analysts \u306e\u4e88\u671f\u3092\u88cf\u5207\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e confounded \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The regional treaty failed to establish a binding enforcement mechanism. That is [ ] cross-border environmental disputes remained unresolved for decades. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e\u300c\u5b9f\u52b9\u7684\u306a\u57f7\u884c\u6a5f\u69cb\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u304c That \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u7d1b\u4e89\u304c\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u307e\u307e\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u7406\u7531\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e why \u304c\u88dc\u5b8c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The defendant claimed to have been abroad, yet immigration records contained no entry stamps. This contradiction [ ] the jury to dismiss his testimony entirely. \u2192 \u524d\u534a\u306e\u300c\u30a2\u30ea\u30d0\u30a4\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u51fa\u5165\u56fd\u8a18\u9332\u306e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u304c This contradiction \u3068\u3057\u3066\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u51dd\u7e2e\u53d7\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u966a\u5be9\u54e1\u306b\u8a3c\u8a00\u3092\u68c4\u5374\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f7f\u5f79\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5c0e\u304f led \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: Sociological data revealed that urban crime rates declined even as poverty indicators worsened. This [ ] the conventional economic theory that deprivation directly drives criminal behavior. \u2192 \u6587\u672b\u306e\u540d\u8a5e crime rates \u306e\u307f\u3092 This \u306e\u6307\u793a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u72af\u7f6a\u7387\u304c\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u300c\u652f\u6301\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066 supported \u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057 This \u304c\u53d7\u5bb9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8ca7\u56f0\u304c\u60aa\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u72af\u7f6a\u7387\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u6587\u306e\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9f\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u76f4\u305b\u3070\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u885d\u7a81\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u53cd\u99c1\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b undermined \u307e\u305f\u306f contradicted \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u304c\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6587\u9593\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12. \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u547d\u984c\u5727\u7e2e\u306e\u89e3\u51cd\u3068\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u526f\u8a5e\u7684\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u307f\u6d41\u3059\u3068\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e3b\u5e79\u547d\u984c\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u6b20\u843d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306f\u3001\u672c\u6765\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7bc0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u4e3b\u8ff0\u95a2\u4fc2\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306b\u5727\u7e2e\u3057\u305f\u5f62\u3067\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u7573\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3092\u89e3\u51cd\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff11. \u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3059\u308b\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u8907\u6587\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u300c\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\uff0b\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\uff0bof \u53e5\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u9078\u597d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3053\u306e\u51dd\u7e2e\u306f\u3001\u8868\u5c64\u4e0a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u683c\u6a19\u793a\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\uff08implementation, abolition, enforcement, rejection \u7b49\uff09\u306f\u3001\u57fa\u5e95\u306b\u3042\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6240\u6709\u683c\u3084\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b of \u53e5\u3001by \u53e5\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3053\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u5143\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u5f62\u3078\u3068\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3001\u8ab0\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u3069\u3046\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u547d\u984c\u3092\u5fa9\u5143\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306e\u9078\u629e\u5236\u9650\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u653e\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u307e\u307e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6587\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u6b20\u843d\u3055\u305b\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u63a8\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u540c\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u89e3\u51cd\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u5185\u306e\u6838\u3068\u306a\u308b\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6d3e\u751f\u5143\u3067\u3042\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u4ed8\u968f\u3059\u308b of \u53e5\u3001by \u53e5\u3001\u6240\u6709\u683c\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u57fa\u5e95\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u4e0a\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff08\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\uff09\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff08\u88ab\u52d5\u4f5c\u4e3b\uff09\u3092\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3066\u7bc0\u69cb\u9020\u3078\u3068\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u547d\u984c\u3068\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u88dc\u3046\u3079\u304d\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The sudden suspension of the clinical trial by the regulatory authority followed the [ ] of severe adverse reactions among multiple participants. \u2192 suspension of the trial by the authority \u306f\u300c\u5f53\u5c40\u304c\u6cbb\u9a13\u3092\u505c\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547d\u984c\u306b\u89e3\u51cd\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080 followed the [ ] of adverse reactions \u306f\u305d\u306e\u505c\u6b62\u306b\u5148\u884c\u3057\u305f\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6709\u5bb3\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u300c\u767a\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3059 occurrence \u307e\u305f\u306f emergence \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: Despite the comprehensive documentation of war crimes by human rights organizations, the tribunal was unable to proceed due to the [ ] of jurisdictional authority. \u2192 documentation \u306f\u300c\u4eba\u6a29\u56e3\u4f53\u304c\u6226\u4e89\u72af\u7f6a\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u306b\u89e3\u51cd\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u300c\u6cd5\u5ef7\u304c\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u9032\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u614b\u3068 due to \u3067\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7ba1\u8f44\u6a29\u304c\u300c\u6b20\u5982\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3059 absence \u307e\u305f\u306f lack \u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The swift ratification of the international convention prevented the [ ] of diplomatic relations between the two long-standing allies. \u2192 ratification \u306f\u300c\u56fd\u5bb6\u304c\u6761\u7d04\u3092\u6279\u51c6\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001prevented \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6279\u51c6\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u963b\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\u597d\u307e\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u4e8b\u614b\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u300c\u60aa\u5316\u300d\u3084\u300c\u65ad\u7d76\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3059 deterioration \u307e\u305f\u306f rupture \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: In consequence of the arbitrary detention of several prominent investigative journalists, the authoritarian government faced widespread international [ ]. \u2192 detention of journalists \u3092\u5358\u306a\u308b\u300c\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u62d8\u675f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u652f\u6301\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u304c\u5165\u308b\u306e\u304b\u6279\u5224\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u304c\u5165\u308b\u306e\u304b\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u306b\u8ff7\u3044\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u300c\u653f\u5e9c\u304c\u8a18\u8005\u3092\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u547d\u984c\u3078\u3068\u89e3\u51cd\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u304c\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u79e9\u5e8f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u9732\u308f\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e faced widespread international [ ] \u306b\u306f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u975e\u96e3\u3092\u8868\u3059 condemnation \u307e\u305f\u306f censure \u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u78ba\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u547d\u984c\u7684\u89e3\u51cd\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7167\u5408\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff12. \u539f\u56e0\u30fb\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u8868\u3059\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u7a7a\u6240\u547d\u984c\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e by, through, upon, in spite of \u306a\u3069\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u53e5\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u5468\u8fba\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u6587\u306e\u98fe\u308a\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u3089\u3057\u3081\u308b\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8db3\u5834\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b by + \u52d5\u540d\u8a5e\uff08\u624b\u6bb5\uff09\u3001through + \u540d\u8a5e\uff08\u5a92\u4ecb\uff09\u3001upon + \u540d\u8a5e\uff08\u5951\u6a5f\uff09\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u3084\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u6574\u5408\u6027\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u7701\u7565\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3073\u53d6\u308b\u8aa4\u8b2c\u306b\u9665\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u6587\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u624b\u6bb5\uff08by, through\uff09\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\uff08upon\uff09\u3001\u539f\u56e0\uff08owing to, on account of\uff09\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\uff08despite\uff09\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3092\u6a19\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u8868\u3059\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\uff08\u4fc3\u9032\u3001\u963b\u5bb3\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6975\u6027\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6975\u6027\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: By [ ] the regulatory oversight of offshore financial entities, the parliamentary committee hoped to curb illicit cross-border capital flight. \u2192 By \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u304c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u300c\u4e0d\u6b63\u306a\u8cc7\u672c\u6d41\u51fa\u3092\u6291\u5236\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u76e3\u7763\u3092\u300c\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u300d\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e tightening \u307e\u305f\u306f strengthening \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: Through systematic cross-referencing of conflicting diplomatic cables, the historian was able to [ ] the clandestine negotiations that preceded the treaty. \u2192 \u300c\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u5916\u4ea4\u516c\u96fb\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8abf\u67fb\u624b\u6bb5\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u96a0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u4ea4\u6e09\u3092\u300c\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u300c\u89e3\u660e\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b reconstruct \u307e\u305f\u306f elucidate \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: Upon [ ] the preliminary forensic evidence, the magistrate immediately issued an arrest warrant for the primary suspect. \u2192 \u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u300c\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u902e\u6355\u72b6\u3092\u767a\u4ed8\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u6b69\u3092\u8e0f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5951\u6a5f\u3092\u8868\u3059 Upon \u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u306f\u8a3c\u62e0\u3092\u300c\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u300d\u300c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u8868\u3059 reviewing \u307e\u305f\u306f examining \u304c\u88dc\u5b8c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: Despite substantial government subsidies designed to stimulate renewable energy infrastructure, private investment in the sector remained remarkably [ ]. \u2192 Despite \u304c\u8b72\u6b69\u3092\u6a19\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001subsidies \u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306e\u307f\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306b buoyant\uff08\u6d3b\u6cc1\u306a\uff09\u3084 robust\uff08\u529b\u5f37\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002Despite \u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u304b\u3089\u901a\u5e38\u4e88\u60f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u9006\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u5f37\u5236\u3059\u308b\u3002\u591a\u984d\u306e\u88dc\u52a9\u91d1\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u6295\u8cc7\u306f\u6d3b\u767a\u5316\u3059\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e38\u8b58\u7684\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u53cd\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e remained remarkably [ ] \u306b\u306f\u4f4e\u8abf\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059 sluggish \u307e\u305f\u306f stagnant \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u9069\u683c\u6027\u304c\u5224\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13. \u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u5fa9\u5143<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u983b\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u304c\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5b66\u8aac\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5236\u5ea6\u3092\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u305b\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u6975\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u3084\u69cb\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u6975\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3084\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u3070\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u304b\u3089\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u76f8\u95a2\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u5883\u754c\u7279\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u5426\u5b9a\u3068\u80af\u5b9a\u306e\u4ea4\u66ff\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff11. \u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5883\u754c\u7279\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

not only A but also B\u3001either A or B\u3001neither A nor B\u3001between A and B \u306a\u3069\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u540c\u7b49\u306a\u8cc7\u683c\u3067\u4e26\u5217\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u898f\u5247\u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u6b66\u5668\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u5074\u306e\u8981\u7d20\uff08A \u307e\u305f\u306f B\uff09\u306e\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u9805\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9732\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5074\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3082\u307e\u305f\u305d\u308c\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u304a\u3088\u3073\u610f\u5473\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u5236\u7d04\u304c\u50cd\u304f\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3057 A \u304c\u300c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff0b\u540d\u8a5e\uff0b\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001B \u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u3082\u307e\u305f\u305d\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u6a21\u5023\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u6027\u306e\u539f\u7406\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u8a9e\u611f\u306e\u307f\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3068\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u54c1\u8a5e\u306e\u6df7\u5165\u3084\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u306e\u305a\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u53e5\u306e\u9078\u629e\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u30da\u30a2\uff08not only \/ but also, neither \/ nor \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u5074\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3001\u7bc0\uff09\u3068\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5074\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u305d\u308c\u3068\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u7b49\u4fa1\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u9593\u3067\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The newly enacted constitutional amendment aims not only to decentralize administrative power to regional municipalities but also to [ ] the transparency of judicial proceedings. \u2192 not only \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b to decentralize \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001but also \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u3082\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u884c\u653f\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u5730\u65b9\u5206\u6563\u3068\u4e26\u5217\u3057\u3046\u308b\u53f8\u6cd5\u624b\u7d9a\u306e\u6539\u5584\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b enhance \u307e\u305f\u306f bolster \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The collapse of the authoritarian regime was precipitated neither by foreign military intervention nor by [ ] economic collapse, but by internal ideological fragmentation. \u2192 neither by A nor by B \u306e\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001A \u306b foreign military intervention\uff08\u5916\u7684\u306a\u8ecd\u4e8b\u4ecb\u5165\uff09\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 B \u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u306b\u5185\u7684\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5225\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u8981\u56e0\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u7a81\u7136\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b sudden \u307e\u305f\u306f catastrophic \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The boundary between legitimate political lobbying and illicit influence-peddling is [ ] defined by statutory law nor recognized by public consensus. \u2192 nor recognized \u3068\u3044\u3046\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u547c\u5fdc\u304b\u3089\u3001\u524d\u65b9\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066 neither \u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f defined \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u5426\u5b9a\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u526f\u8a5e\u7684\u8981\u7d20 neither clearly \u304c\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: The legislation sought not simply to penalize corporate malfeasance after the fact, but rather [ ] systemic wrongdoing through rigorous preliminary compliance audits. \u2192 not simply \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b to penalize \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u305b\u305a\u3001but rather \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u540d\u8a5e prevention \u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u308a\u306f\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u306e\u4e00\u81f4\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u8981\u7d20\u304c to penalize \u3068\u3044\u3046\u52d5\u8a5e\u7684\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u8981\u7d20\u3082 to discourage \u307e\u305f\u306f to prevent \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u3068\u3089\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u4e26\u5217\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u3079\u304f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff12. \u4e00\u65b9\u3078\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u3068\u4ed6\u65b9\u3078\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u304c\u5c0e\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306e\u8ad6\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

not A but B\u3001rather than\u3001instead of \u306a\u3069\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u5426\u5b9a\u30fb\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u9006\u8aac\u7684\u306b\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u914d\u7f6e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u80af\u5b9a\u5074\uff08B\uff09\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u5148\u884c\u3057\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5074\uff08A\uff09\u306e\u53cd\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f A \u306e\u6b20\u9665\u3092\u88dc\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u9006\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u5074\uff08A\uff09\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u80af\u5b9a\u5074\uff08B\uff09\u3068\u92ed\u304f\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u66f8\u304d\u624b\u306f\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u304c\u9665\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u901a\u8aac\u3092\u307e\u305a\u5426\u5b9a\u5074\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8e0f\u307f\u53f0\u306b\u3057\u3066\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u771f\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u80af\u5b9a\u5074\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u306e\u7247\u5074\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5224\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u610f\u5473\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u306e\u63a8\u6e2c\u3092\u5f85\u305f\u305a\u306b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u30fb\u80af\u5b9a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u6a19\u8b58\uff08not, far from, rather than \u7b49\uff09\u3068\u80af\u5b9a\u6a19\u8b58\uff08but, instead, on the contrary \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8981\u7d20 A \u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8981\u7d20 B \u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5224\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5074\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u6301\u3064\u610f\u5473\u7684\u7279\u5fb4\uff08\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u5224\u65ad\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\uff09\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u53cd\u5bfe\u6975\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6982\u5ff5\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The decline of the historical empire was not a consequence of sudden external invasion, but rather the result of [ ] institutional decay over several centuries. \u2192 \u5426\u5b9a\u5074\u304c sudden external invasion\uff08\u7a81\u767a\u7684\u306a\u5916\u7684\u4fb5\u5165\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u5074\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u7a81\u767a\u7684\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u300c\u9577\u671f\u7684\u30fb\u6f38\u9032\u7684\u300d\u304b\u3064\u300c\u5916\u7684\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u300c\u5185\u7684\u300d\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 gradual \u307e\u305f\u306f internal \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The judicial ruling did not merely address the technical procedural irregularities; instead, it fundamentally [ ] the constitutional principles of executive accountability. \u2192 \u5426\u5b9a\u5074\u304c\u300c\u6280\u8853\u7684\u306a\u624b\u7d9a\u306e\u4e0d\u5099\u3092\u6271\u3046\u300d\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u80af\u5b9a\u5074\u306f fundamentally\uff08\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u526f\u8a5e\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u61b2\u6cd5\u539f\u5247\u3092\u300c\u518d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u300d\u300c\u518d\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064 redefined \u307e\u305f\u306f reaffirmed \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: Rather than seeking a quick diplomatic compromise that papered over the core disputes, the mediators insisted on [ ] negotiations aimed at resolving the underlying territorial claims. \u2192 Rather than \u5074\u304c quick\uff08\u6027\u6025\u306a\uff09\u304b\u3064\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u59a5\u5354\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001insisted on \u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5fb9\u5e95\u7684\u3067\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u8a71\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b exhaustive \u307e\u305f\u306f comprehensive \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: Far from being an insurmountable obstacle to economic growth, environmental regulations functioned as a [ ] for technological innovation across the industrial sector. \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306e Far from being an insurmountable obstacle\uff08\u514b\u670d\u4e0d\u80fd\u306a\u969c\u5bb3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u5426\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u898f\u5236\u304c\u7523\u696d\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u8ca0\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u6587\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b burden\uff08\u91cd\u8377\uff09\u3084 barrier\uff08\u969c\u58c1\uff09\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002Far from \u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5f37\u5236\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u969c\u5bb3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u6280\u8853\u9769\u65b0\u3092\u4fc3\u3059\u300c\u89e6\u5a92\u300d\u3084\u300c\u5951\u6a5f\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b catalyst \u307e\u305f\u306f stimulus \u304c\u5165\u3089\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u3068\u80af\u5b9a\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u6f14\u7e79\u7684\u5c0e\u51fa\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14. \u6bb5\u843d\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u308b\u975e\u5236\u9650\u7528\u6cd5\u3068\u547d\u984c\u8981\u7d04\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u96e3\u6240\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u672b\u5c3e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u975e\u5236\u9650\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3084\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5192\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u67b6\u6a4b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u3067\u610f\u5473\u3092\u5b8c\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8aad\u89e3\u59ff\u52e2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u306a\u305c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u63a8\u9032\u529b\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u3092\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u975e\u5236\u9650\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3092\u53d7\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u6587\u982d\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5148\u884c\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u53d7\u5bb9\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u6587\u982d\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u6574\u5e8f\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff11. \u975e\u5236\u9650 which \u306b\u3088\u308b\u5148\u884c\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3068\u6b21\u8ad6\u70b9\u3078\u306e\u6a4b\u6e21\u3057<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u672b\u5c3e\u6587\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u4ed8\u304d\u306e which \u306f\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9577\u5927\u306a\u8ad6\u8a3c\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u975e\u5236\u9650 which \u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u88dc\u8db3\u8aac\u660e\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u51fa\u767a\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b21\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u3078\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u79fb\u884c\u3055\u305b\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u7d50\u7bc0\u70b9\uff08pivot\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e which \u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u6839\u62e0\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u5185\u306b\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u305b\u305a\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u65e8\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u554f\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u81f3\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001which \u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3084\u88dc\u8a9e\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u53d7\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u975e\u5236\u9650 which \u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001which \u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u304b\u3064\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3082\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3068\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u8907\u6570\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8981\u65e8\u3092\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\uff08\u300c\u301c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u614b\u300d\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8981\u7d04\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u305f\u547d\u984c\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3001which \u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5e30\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u591a\u6570\u306e\u56fd\u304c\u5171\u901a\u306e\u70ad\u7d20\u7a0e\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u5408\u610f\u3057\u305f\u7d4c\u7def\u304c\u8ad6\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b] This historic consensus was reached after exhausting negotiations, [ ] paved the way for unprecedented cross-border environmental governance. \u2192 \u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5408\u610f\u6210\u7acb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u8c61\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u4e3b\u683c\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e which \u304c\u53ce\u307e\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u74b0\u5883\u7d71\u6cbb\u3078\u306e\u9053\u3092\u958b\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u4eba\u5de5\u77e5\u80fd\u304c\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u3092\u596a\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u61f8\u5ff5\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u304c\u8a73\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b] The widespread displacement of cognitive labor appears increasingly inevitable, which [ ] the fundamental question of how democratic societies will distribute wealth in the future. \u2192 \u96c7\u7528\u306e\u55aa\u5931\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001which \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u554f\u3044\u3092\u300c\u63d0\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b raises \u307e\u305f\u306f prompts \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u304c\u653f\u5e9c\u306e\u79d8\u5bc6\u76e3\u8996\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u9055\u61b2\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u305f\u5224\u6c7a\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b] The supreme judicial tribunal invalidated the surveillance protocols, which [ ] celebrated by civil liberties organizations as a monumental victory for personal privacy. \u2192 \u5224\u6c7a\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u53d7\u5bb9\u3057\u305f which \u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4eba\u6a29\u56e3\u4f53\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u300c\u6b53\u8fce\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u5358\u6570\u306e\u904e\u53bb\u53d7\u52d5\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e was \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5730\u65b9\u306e\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u8fb2\u5bb6\u304c\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u58ca\u6ec5\u7684\u306a\u4e0d\u4f5c\u306b\u898b\u821e\u308f\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u304c\u8a73\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b] The agricultural output of the northern provinces declined by seventy percent, which the national government [ ] as an isolated, temporary anomaly rather than a systemic crisis. \u2192 \u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u300c70\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u53ce\u7a6b\u6e1b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6df1\u523b\u306a\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u6b62\u3081\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001which \u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c the national government \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306b rather than a systemic crisis\uff08\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u304c\u3053\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u3092\u904e\u5c0f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u7247\u4ed8\u3051\u305f\u300d\u300c\u898b\u306a\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b dismissed \u307e\u305f\u306f categorized \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e provinces \u3092\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u304c\u4f55\u304b\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u53d7\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u975e\u5236\u9650\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u306e\u89e3\u8aad\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff12. \u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u6574\u5e8f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b In light of…, With respect to…, In addition to…, Far from… \u306a\u3069\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306f\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u540d\u8a5e\u5316\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u5bb9\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u8996\u5ea7\u3084\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\uff08discourse marker\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u6587\u982d\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u5192\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3068\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u8ffd\u52a0\u3001\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u539f\u56e0\uff09\u3092\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u305b\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3068\u3001\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u5224\u5b9a\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6253\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5192\u982d\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7b2c 1 \u6587\u5192\u982d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u3069\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u3044\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u3001\u554f\u984c\u30fb\u89e3\u6c7a\uff09\u3068\u3001\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u304c\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u9806\u63a5\u30fb\u8ffd\u52a0\uff08In addition to, Furthermore \u7b49\uff09\u3001\u9006\u65b9\u5411\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u8b72\u6b69\uff08In spite of, Far from \u7b49\uff09\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u7406\u7531\u30fb\u6839\u62e0\uff08In light of, As a consequence of \u7b49\uff09\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u91d1\u878d\u6d3e\u751f\u5546\u54c1\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u304c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b] In [ ] of these systemic financial vulnerabilities, the regulatory commission mandated immediate disclosure of all offshore transactions. \u2192 \u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u6307\u6458\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u5373\u6642\u958b\u793a\u304c\u547d\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u793a\u3059\u300c\u301c\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f light \u304c\u5165\u308a\u3001In light of \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6210\u53e5\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u518d\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u767a\u96fb\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u4f4e\u4e0b\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b] In [ ] to substantial reductions in manufacturing costs, technological innovations have dramatically improved energy storage efficiency. \u2192 \u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u4f4e\u4e0b\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001\u84c4\u96fb\u52b9\u7387\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5225\u306e\u5229\u70b9\u304c\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\u3092\u793a\u3059 In addition to \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u653f\u5e9c\u304c\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u305f\u6cbb\u5b89\u7dad\u6301\u6cd5\u6848\u304c\u5e02\u6c11\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308b\u5371\u967a\u6027\u304c\u8ad6\u3058\u3089\u308c\u308b] Far from [ ] democratic stability, the proposed legislation threatens to exacerbate public distrust in legal institutions. \u2192 \u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u6cd5\u6848\u306e\u610f\u56f3\uff08\u5b89\u5b9a\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\uff09\u3068\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u8105\u5a01\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002Far from \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b enhancing \u307e\u305f\u306f strengthening \u304c\u5165\u308a\u3001\u300c\u5b89\u5b9a\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: [\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u304c\u751f\u5f92\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u601d\u8003\u529b\u3092\u5287\u7684\u306b\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u305f\u5b9f\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b] Despite [ ] compelling statistical evidence, the school board declined to allocate funding for the program’s continuation. \u2192 Despite \u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5358\u306b evidence \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u53e5\u3068\u6349\u3048\u3066\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6b20\u9665\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\uff08dubious \u3084 inconclusive\uff09\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u306f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u304c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u65b0\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c declined to allocate funding\uff08\u4e88\u7b97\u914d\u5206\u3092\u62d2\u5426\u3057\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u306a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u4e0b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001Despite \u304c\u300c\u305d\u308c\u307b\u3069\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u4e0d\u5c3d\u306a\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8a55\u4fa1\u3092\u5fe0\u5b9f\u306b\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u305f such \u307e\u305f\u306f this \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f conclusive \u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u78ba\u5b9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15. \u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u529b\u70b9\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u65ad\u5b9a\u3092\u907f\u3051\u3001\u4e88\u60f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53cd\u8ad6\u3092\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u627f\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u305d\u308c\u3092\u51cc\u99d5\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u547d\u984c\u3092\u6253\u3061\u51fa\u3059\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u591a\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3068\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u5426\u5b9a\u307e\u305f\u306f\u76f8\u5bfe\u5316\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u9593\u306b\u50cd\u304f\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u529b\u70b9\u306e\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u547d\u984c\u306e\u771f\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u529b\u70b9\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u5012\u7f6e\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15.\uff11. \u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u524d\u63d0\u627f\u8a8d\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u8ee2\u63db<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Although, While, Even if, Granted that \u306a\u3069\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u901a\u5ff5\u3084\u76f8\u624b\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u4e00\u90e8\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u50cd\u304d\u3092\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u306f\u81ea\u8aac\u306e\u5ba2\u89b3\u6027\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u771f\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5074\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u547d\u984c\u306f\u80cc\u666f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3053\u305d\u304c\u524d\u666f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u5074\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3067\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3066\u3082\u306a\u304a\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u9006\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u975e\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3068\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u3092\u7b49\u4fa1\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u9078\u5b9a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u9006\u8ee2\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff08Although, While \u7b49\uff09\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5bfe\u7acb\u7684\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u3092\u51cc\u99d5\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5236\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u4e3b\u5f35\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: Although the newly developed pharmaceutical compound exhibits potent antimicrobial activity in vitro, it remains entirely [ ] for therapeutic use in human patients due to acute systemic toxicity. \u2192 \u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u304c\u8a66\u9a13\u7ba1\u5185\u3067\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u6027\u3092\u627f\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306f\u6bd2\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\u306a\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b unsuitable \u307e\u305f\u306f unviable \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: While statistical correlations between the two economic variables are indisputably robust, they do not by themselves [ ] a direct causal relationship. \u2192 \u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u9811\u5065\u6027\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u3064\u3064\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u306f\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u540c\u4e00\u8996\u3092\u6212\u3081\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u300d\u300c\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b prove \u307e\u305f\u306f establish \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: Granted that the initial capital expenditure for the renewable energy installation is formidable, the long-term operational savings will easily [ ] the preliminary costs. \u2192 \u521d\u671f\u8cbb\u7528\u306e\u83ab\u5927\u3055\u3092\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u3081\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u9577\u671f\u7684\u306a\u7bc0\u7d04\u304c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u300c\u4e0a\u56de\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u512a\u4f4d\u6027\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f outweigh \u307e\u305f\u306f exceed \u304c\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: Even though the historical treaty appeared mutually beneficial on the surface, it ultimately served to [ ] the economic hegemony of the colonial power. \u2192 \u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u306e mutually beneficial\uff08\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u6709\u76ca\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u3082 promote \u3084 foster \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u306a\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002Even though \u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8868\u9762\u7684\u306a\u898b\u304b\u3051\u304c\u8986\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4e88\u544a\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u898b\u304b\u3051\u4e0a\u306f\u4e92\u6075\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5b9f\u614b\u306f\u690d\u6c11\u5730\u652f\u914d\u56fd\u306e\u8987\u6a29\u3092\u300c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5316\u3055\u305b\u305f\u300d\u300c\u5f37\u5316\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f consolidate \u307e\u305f\u306f entrench \u304c\u5165\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff15.\uff12. even if \u304a\u3088\u3073 though \u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5236\u7d04<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3084\u526f\u8a5e\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b though \u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\uff08\\(\\text{Difficult though it was…}\\)\uff09\u3084\u3001\u6975\u9650\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b even if \u69cb\u6587\u306f\u3001\u6975\u9650\u307e\u3067\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u306a\u304a\u304b\u3064\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u304c\u63fa\u308b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u4fee\u8f9e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u6301\u3064\u5c5e\u6027\u304c\u81ea\u660e\u306e\u6975\u81f4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f37\u8abf\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6975\u9650\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u3082\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3059\u308b\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u4e3b\u5f35\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u53b3\u3057\u3055\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u88dc\u8a9e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u8a66\u3059\u306e\u306b\u6700\u3082\u904e\u9177\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6975\u9650\u6027\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u9811\u5065\u6027\u306e\u9023\u52d5\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u3092\u5236\u3059\u308b\u9375\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5012\u7f6e\u5f62\u8b72\u6b69\u69cb\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u30fb\u526f\u8a5e\u3068 though \/ as \u306e\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5012\u7f6e\u5f62\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6975\u9650\u7684\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ff0\u8a9e\u304c\u305d\u308c\u306b\u5c48\u3057\u306a\u3044\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4e0d\u5909\u30fb\u4e0d\u5c48\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u524d\u7f6e\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u9054\u6210\u3092\u6700\u3082\u8105\u304b\u3059\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: [ ] though the theoretical physics examination unquestionably was, several exceptionally gifted students achieved flawless scores. \u2192 \u4e3b\u7bc0\u304c\u300c\u5b8c\u74a7\u306a\u70b9\u6570\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e26\u5916\u308c\u305f\u6210\u679c\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6210\u679c\u306e\u51c4\u3055\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6975\u9650\u7684\u306a\u96e3\u5ea6\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e Formidable \u307e\u305f\u306f Difficult \u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: Rigorous though the environmental inspection protocols were, the chemical manufacturing plant managed to [ ] detection of its unauthorized waste discharge. \u2192 \u691c\u67fb\u304c\u53b3\u683c\u3092\u6975\u3081\u305f\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5de5\u5834\u304c\u691c\u51fa\u3092\u300c\u514d\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f evade \u307e\u305f\u306f escape \u304c\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: Even if the global community were to completely halt all industrial greenhouse emissions tomorrow, atmospheric temperatures would continue to [ ] for several decades. \u2192 \u660e\u65e5\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u6392\u51fa\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6975\u9650\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u6163\u6027\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6c17\u6e29\u306f\u300c\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c17\u5019\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u304c\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f rise \u307e\u305f\u306f escalate \u304c\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: Invaluable though his contributions to the development of the technology were, his persistent refusal to cooperate with colleagues made his continued employment at the firm entirely [ ]. \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306e Invaluable\uff08\u8a08\u308a\u77e5\u308c\u306a\u3044\u307b\u3069\u8cb4\u91cd\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d76\u8cdb\u306b\u7729\u60d1\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u3082 secure\uff08\u5b89\u6cf0\u306a\uff09\u3084 desirable\uff08\u671b\u307e\u3057\u3044\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002though \u5012\u7f6e\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9ad8\u3044\u4fa1\u5024\u306e\u627f\u8a8d\u3092\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u51b7\u9177\u306b\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3002\u540c\u50da\u3068\u306e\u5354\u8abf\u62d2\u7d76\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u6b20\u9665\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3069\u308c\u307b\u3069\u8ca2\u732e\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u89e3\u96c7\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u6587\u8108\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u300c\u7dad\u6301\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b untenable \u307e\u305f\u306f impossible \u304c\u5165\u3089\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6975\u9650\u7684\u8b72\u6b69\u3068\u4e3b\u7bc0\u547d\u984c\u306e\u7dca\u5f35\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u9069\u683c\u6027\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16. \u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3068\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u63db\u79f0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u8ffd\u8de1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9577\u6587\u8aad\u89e3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u304c\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3089\u308c\u308b\u969b\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u7121\u5909\u5316\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u7a00\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u4f53\u898f\u7bc4\u306f\u540c\u8a9e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3092\u5acc\u3046\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u4e3b\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3001\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u8a9e\u3001\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u8981\u7d04\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3078\u3068\u6b21\u3005\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\uff08lexical cohesion\uff09\u3092\u540c\u4e00\u6307\u793a\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8ffd\u8de1\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u8a71\u984c\u304c\u8ee2\u63db\u3057\u305f\u3068\u932f\u899a\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u3069\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u7fa4\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3092\u898b\u5931\u3046\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u6027\u3092\u89e3\u660e\u3057\u3001\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u63db\u79f0\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3078\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u9023\u9396\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u7279\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16.\uff11. \u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u30fb\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3078\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u9023\u9396\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u3042\u308b\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u540d\u8a5e\uff08\u4f8b: antibiotics\uff09\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u3067\u306f\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\uff08medications\uff09\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u3067\u306f\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8a9e\uff08therapeutic agents\uff09\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\uff08interventions\uff09\u3078\u3068\u5909\u5bb9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3053\u306e\u9023\u9396\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u540c\u7fa9\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0a\u4f4d\u30fb\u4e0b\u4f4d\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u8108\u304b\u3089\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u8a9e\u5f59\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u898b\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\uff08\u7d50\u7bc0\u70b9\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u9023\u9396\u3092\u5b8c\u7d50\u3055\u305b\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3092\u4e00\u6483\u3067\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u3092\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u4e2d\u6838\u7684\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u7fa4\u3092\u30de\u30c3\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3084\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u8a9e\u53e5\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9023\u9396\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u8c61\u3078\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u500b\u5225\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u822c\u3078\uff09\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u7167\u5408\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The forensic team uncovered an ancient ceramic vessel. Subsequent chemical analysis of the [ ] revealed traces of fermented beverages dating back thousands of years. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e ceramic vessel\uff08\u9676\u5668\u306e\u5668\uff09\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e0a\u4f4d\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b artifact\uff08\u907a\u7269\uff09\u3078\u3068\u63db\u79f0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9023\u9396\u3092\u6349\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f artifact \u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u9078\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The government implemented a nationwide vaccination campaign. Public health officials praised the initiative, emphasizing that the [ ] would establish herd immunity across urban centers. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e vaccination campaign\uff08\u30ef\u30af\u30c1\u30f3\u63a5\u7a2e\u904b\u52d5\uff09\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u6587\u3067 initiative\uff08\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\uff09\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u6587\u3067\u306f program\uff08\u4e8b\u696d\u30fb\u8a08\u753b\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9023\u9396\u3092\u7d99\u627f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The novel algorithm was designed to identify fraudulent transactions in real time. Banks that integrated the [ ] reported a dramatic decrease in cyber security breaches. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e algorithm \u304c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e0a\u4f4d\u306e\u6280\u8853\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b tool \u307e\u305f\u306f system \u3068\u3057\u3066\u63db\u79f0\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9023\u9396\u304c\u5b8c\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: The biological expedition documented several rare specimens of amphibians in the cloud forest. These [ ] are exceptionally vulnerable to microclimatic temperature fluctuations caused by deforestation. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e amphibians\uff08\u4e21\u751f\u985e\uff09\u306e\u307f\u306b\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u540c\u7fa9\u306e frogs\uff08\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb\uff09\u3092\u77ed\u7d61\u7684\u306b\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u524d\u6587\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f specimens\uff08\u6a19\u672c\u3001\u500b\u4f53\u7fa4\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b89\u6613\u306b\u4e0b\u4f4d\u306e\u65e5\u5e38\u8a9e\u306b\u683c\u4e0b\u3052\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b creatures \u307e\u305f\u306f organisms\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306e\u5206\u985e\u7fa4\u3092\u793a\u3059 species \u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u9023\u9396\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u8996\u70b9\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u5c0e\u51fa\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff16.\uff12. \u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u304c\u793a\u3059\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u8ef8\u3068\u7a7a\u6240\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7167\u5408<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u8ef8\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u306f\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u3068\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002disparity, vulnerability, paradigm, autonomy, hegemony \u306a\u3069\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u6587\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u7dcf\u4f53\u3092\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u306b\u96c6\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u8981\u7d04\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3079\u304d\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u3067\u304d\u308b\u5341\u5168\u306a\u5916\u5ef6\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3057\u304b\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u72ed\u5c0f\u306a\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u3001\u6587\u8108\u3068\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u8ef8\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u898f\u5f8b\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u8ef8\u3068\u306a\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u3067\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3092\u4e00\u8a9e\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3046\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u4e26\u3076\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u3092\u541f\u5473\u3057\u3001\u62bd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3092\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306a\u304f\u5305\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: [\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u4eba\u7a2e\u9593\u3001\u30b8\u30a7\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u9593\u3001\u5730\u57df\u9593\u306e\u6240\u5f97\u3068\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5217\u6319\u3055\u308c\u308b] The persistence of these deep-seated systemic [ ] undermines the foundational promises of democratic equality. \u2192 \u5217\u6319\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u306e\u5171\u901a\u9805\u306f\u591a\u9762\u7684\u306a\u300c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u30fb\u683c\u5dee\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e disparities \u307e\u305f\u306f inequalities \u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: [\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u653b\u6483\u3001\u30b5\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30c1\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u5bf8\u65ad\u3001\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u3078\u306e\u8106\u3055\u304c\u8ad6\u3058\u3089\u308c\u308b] Modern globalized infrastructure exhibits an alarming degree of [ ] in the face of unexpected external shocks. \u2192 \u5916\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6253\u6483\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8106\u3055\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3092\u96c6\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001vulnerability \u304c\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: [\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u91cf\u5b50\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u5024\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b] These unresolved empirical anomalies ultimately necessitated a fundamental [ ] shift in theoretical physics. \u2192 \u5f93\u6765\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u540d\u8a5e shift \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066 paradigm \u304c\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: [\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u304c\u8b70\u4f1a\u3092\u89e3\u6563\u3057\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3092\u596a\u3044\u3001\u5831\u9053\u6a5f\u95a2\u3092\u56fd\u6709\u5316\u3057\u305f\u7d4c\u7def\u304c\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u308b] Through these systematic authoritarian maneuvers, the executive branch consolidated its political [ ] over the entire apparatus of the state. \u2192 \u884c\u70ba\u306e\u51f6\u60aa\u3055\u306b\u306e\u307f\u7740\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b tyranny\uff08\u66b4\u653f\uff09\u3084 violence\uff08\u66b4\u529b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u6a5f\u95a2\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u30fb\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u306a\u652f\u914d\u6a29\u306e\u78ba\u7acb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u5236\u529b\u306e\u96c6\u4e2d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5171\u901a\u9805\u3092\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u5305\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306f hegemony \u307e\u305f\u306f dominance \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u53cd\u5fdc\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5305\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u306e\u7167\u5408\u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u7d71\u62ec\u3059\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u7167\u5408\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11. \u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u8a3a\u65ad\u3068\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\uff08RULE 4: \u8a18\u4e8b\u756a\u53f7\u306f\u5404\u5c64\u5883\u754c\u3067 1. \u306b\u30ea\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\uff01\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5165\u8a66\u672c\u756a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u9577\u5927\u306a\u82f1\u6587\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u6587\u982d\u304b\u3089\u6587\u672b\u307e\u3067\u3092\u6f2b\u7136\u3068\u5747\u7b49\u306a\u901f\u5ea6\u3067\u7cbe\u8aad\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u58c1\u3092\u7a81\u7834\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8aad\u89e3\u306e\u6210\u5426\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u3068\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u8a3a\u65ad\u3057\u3001\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u304c\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u6587\u8108\uff08\u524d\u5f8c 1 \u6587\uff09\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u5927\u57df\u7684\u6587\u8108\uff08\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u30fb\u5148\u884c\u6bb5\u843d\uff09\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u5224\u5225\u3057\u3066\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u904b\u7528\u529b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5727\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8996\u7dda\u79fb\u52d5\u3092\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3057\u3001\u8ff7\u3044\u306a\u304f\u6839\u62e0\u3078\u5230\u9054\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306a\u8a3a\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u8a3a\u65ad\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u305d\u308c\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63a2\u7d22\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff11. \u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u8a3a\u65ad\u3068\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u30fb\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u5224\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u898b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3092\u63a2\u305d\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u614b\u5ea6\u306f\u3001\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\u3092\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3059\u308b\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6700\u521d\u306b\u884c\u3046\u3079\u304d\u306f\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u8986\u3044\u96a0\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5360\u3081\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u88dc\u8a9e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8a3a\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3084\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u5185\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u901a\u4f8b\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u8108\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u7d99\u3050\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u6839\u62e0\u306f\u524d\u65b9\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5f8c\u534a\u3084\u6587\u672b\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u30fb\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u6839\u62e0\u306f\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u5185\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u69cb\u9020\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u8a3a\u65ad\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u898b\u308b\u524d\u306b\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u6975\u6027\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5ea6\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u7167\u6e96\u304c\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u914d\u5206\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u53e5\u8aad\u70b9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4e3b\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5360\u3081\u308b\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u77ac\u6642\u306b\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306e\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u4e3b\u984c\u90e8\uff09\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u6587\u672b\u306e\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u7126\u70b9\u90e8\uff09\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3078\u306e\u5f8c\u65b9\u63a2\u7d22\u3001\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u4e00\u6587\u5185\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6587\u3078\u306e\u524d\u65b9\u63a2\u7d22\u3078\u3068\u8996\u7dda\u79fb\u52d5\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: [\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6cd5\u6848\u3078\u306e\u6279\u5224\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u308b] This legislative [ ] was fiercely contested by civil liberties organizations throughout the country. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306f This \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u306b\u4fee\u98fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u6587\u982d\u65e7\u60c5\u5831\uff09\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u89e3\u7b54\u6839\u62e0\u306f\u5148\u884c\u6587\u306e\u300c\u6cd5\u6848\u300d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8981\u7d04\u30fb\u63db\u79f0\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e proposal \u307e\u305f\u306f initiative \u304c\u63a2\u7d22\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The macroeconomic intervention succeeded in stabilizing short-term currency fluctuations, but ultimately failed to [ ] long-term capital investment. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306f but \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u7126\u70b9\u90e8\uff09\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u524d\u65b9\u306e succeeded in stabilizing \u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u306a\u3057\u3001\u304b\u3064\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e long-term capital investment \u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4fc3\u9032\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b stimulate \u307e\u305f\u306f foster \u304c\u63a2\u7d22\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u307e\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The primary reason for the sudden dismissal of the director was not his administrative incompetence, but his [ ] to comply with federal subpoena regulations. \u2192 not A but B \u306e\u80af\u5b9a\u5074\u540d\u8a5e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002incompetence \u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3001\u304b\u3064 to comply \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u5f93\u3048\u3046\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u62d2\u7d76\u3084\u4e0d\u5c65\u884c\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b refusal \u307e\u305f\u306f failure \u304c\u7167\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: In spite of comprehensive diplomatic assurances, the military buildup along the border continued unabated, a development that [ ] observers throughout the continent. \u2192 \u6587\u672b\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u5185\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u306f a development\uff08\u4e8b\u614b\u5168\u4f53\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u8ecd\u5099\u5897\u5f37\u7d99\u7d9a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7dca\u8feb\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u614b\u304c\u89b3\u5bdf\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u62c5\u3046\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u8b66\u6212\u3084\u61f8\u5ff5\u3092\u62b1\u304b\u305b\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059 alarmed \u307e\u305f\u306f unsettled \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u8a3a\u65ad\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63a2\u7d22\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff11.\uff12. \u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6587\u8108\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u8d70\u67fb\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u6839\u62e0\u304c\u3069\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u53ca\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u5e38\u306b\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u76f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8d85\u904e\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u7684\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u63a2\u7d22\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u7684\u306b\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u96a3\u63a5\u8981\u7d20\u306b\u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3084\u76f8\u95a2\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u524d\u5f8c\u6570\u8a9e\u306e\u300c\u53e5\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u8d70\u67fb\u300d\u3067\u5b8c\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u300c\u6587\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u8d70\u67fb\u300d\u3067\u5b8c\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\uff08this, that\uff09\u3001\u975e\u5236\u9650 which\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6587\u982d\u306e\u8ac7\u8a71\u6a19\u8b58\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300c\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u8d70\u67fb\u300d\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u7121\u99c4\u306a\u518d\u8aad\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u9818\u57df\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u63b4\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u9006\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7d50\u5408\u5b50\uff08\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3001\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u3001\u6307\u793a\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u5b50\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u306e\u5e83\u3055\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u304c\u53e5\u30fb\u6587\u30fb\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u3079\u304d\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6700\u5c0f\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u304b\u3089\u7167\u5408\u3059\u3079\u304d\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3068\u7a81\u5408\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The committee evaluated the proposal with extreme caution and [ ]. \u2192 \u7b49\u4f4d\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e and \u304c\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u300c\u53e5\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u8d70\u67fb\u300d\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002with extreme caution \u3068\u4e26\u5217\u3057\u3046\u308b\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e with \u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066 scrutiny \u3084 precision \u304c\u6700\u5c0f\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u3067\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The treaty was declared void because the signatory parties had failed to [ ] the preliminary protocols. \u2192 \u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e because \u304c\u4ecb\u5728\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u300c\u6587\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u8d70\u67fb\u300d\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u300c\u6761\u7d04\u304c\u7121\u52b9\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u6761\u4ef6\u9055\u53cd\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u300c\u9075\u5b88\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6020\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046 fulfill \u307e\u305f\u306f observe \u304c\u6587\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3067\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: [\u6bb5\u843d\u7b2c 1 \u6587] To overcome this persistent [ ], the international consortium proposed a novel financing mechanism. \u2192 \u6587\u982d\u306b this \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u300c\u6bb5\u843d\u9593\u8d70\u67fb\u300d\u3092\u8d77\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u5148\u884c\u6bb5\u843d\u672b\u5c3e\u3092\u8d70\u67fb\u3057\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u8a18\u8ff0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300c\u8cc7\u91d1\u8abf\u9054\u306e\u884c\u304d\u8a70\u307e\u308a\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ab2\u984c\u540d\u8a5e impasse \u307e\u305f\u306f obstacle \u3092\u6355\u6349\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u7b54\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: The archaeological team meticulously documented the artifacts discovered in the cavern, [ ] provided definitive proof of early human habitation. \u2192 \u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u53e5\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u4fee\u98fe\u3068\u8aa4\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u76f4\u524d\u306e cavern \u306b\u5f15\u304d\u305a\u3089\u308c\u3066 where \u3092\u9078\u3076\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u4ed8\u304d\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u306f\u5148\u884c\u3059\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u5168\u4f53\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u53d7\u5bb9\u3057\u3046\u308b\u5e83\u57df\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3092\u6301\u3064\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u4e3b\u7bc0\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5e83\u3052\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002proof \u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u6d1e\u7a9f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5834\u6240\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u907a\u7269\uff08the artifacts\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u767a\u898b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u683c\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b which \u304c\u6700\u5c0f\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u9006\u7b97\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6700\u901f\u3067\u306e\u89e3\u7b54\u5230\u9054\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12. \u5909\u5247\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u30fb\u540c\u4e00\u756a\u53f7\u8907\u6570\u7a7a\u6240\u3078\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u9069\u5fdc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u51fa\u984c\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u9577\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u96e2\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u7b87\u6240\u306b\u51fa\u73fe\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u306b\u540c\u6642\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u4f8b: 2026 \u5e74\u5ea6\u7b2c 4 \u554f\uff09\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6587\u982d\u3067\u306f\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b “this \/ This” \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f75\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u3082\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u8a9e\u611f\u3084\u52d8\u3067\u89e3\u3053\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u306f\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304c\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3067\u306f\u6587\u6cd5\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u7f60\u306b\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u6355\u7e1b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u7b87\u6240\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6301\u3064\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u9023\u7acb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u89e3\u304d\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u8981\u6c42\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u89e3\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9023\u7acb\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u8868\u8a18\u5909\u5316\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7167\u5408\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff11. \u540c\u4e00\u756a\u53f7\u8907\u6570\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6587\u982d\u30fb\u6587\u4e2d\u7d71\u8a9e\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u540c\u6642\u5145\u8db3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u4e8c\u7b87\u6240\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5358\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\u3068\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u898f\u5247\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3055\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u982d\u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u3063\u3066\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u517c\u5099\u3059\u308b this \u3084 that \u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3060\u3051\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3066\u6e80\u8db3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3067\u54c1\u8a5e\u3084\u683c\u304c\u5408\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u8ab2\u3059\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u5171\u901a\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u7a4d\u96c6\u5408\uff09\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3067\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7be9\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3001\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3067\u78ba\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u4e8c\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u6d88\u53bb\u6cd5\u304c\u5fc5\u9808\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u756a\u53f7\u8907\u6570\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u89e3\u304f\u9023\u7acb\u5224\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u6587\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\uff08\u54c1\u8a5e\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7b97\u30fb\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u3001\u8a9e\u9806\u4e0a\u306e\u5236\u7d04\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u9069\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u4e00\u6b21\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u6587\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u3092\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u898b\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u65b9\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u7d1b\u3089\u308f\u3057\u3044\u8a9e\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u975e\u6587\u6cd5\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c7a\u3081\u624b\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240: “The committee recognized [ 1 ] danger that unverified algorithmic models posed to civil liberties.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240: “The financial crisis came [ 1 ] closer to destroying the banking system than analysts admitted.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u540d\u8a5e danger \u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a closer \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u526f\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u3057\u3064\u3064\u6bd4\u8f03\u7d1a\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u3067\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4fee\u98fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3046\u308b no\uff08no danger \/ no closer\uff09\u304c\u53cc\u65b9\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240: “[ 2 ] is widely assumed by the public that technological progress is inherently beneficial.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240: “The administration made [ 2 ] a priority to reform the civil service.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e that \u7bc0\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u7b2c\u4e94\u6587\u578b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u5f62\u5f0f\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5f62\u5f0f\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3046\u308b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306f it \u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240: “The researchers examined the phenomenon [ 3 ] which the entire theoretical structure collapsed.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240: “The author explained the mechanism [ 3 ] detail in the final chapter.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e which \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u540d\u8a5e detail \u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u69d8\u614b\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6210\u53e5 in detail \u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3001\u304b\u3064 collapse in \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3046\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e in \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240: “[ 4 ] the scientific community debated the findings, new empirical anomalies emerged.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240: “The policy remained in effect for a considerable [ 4 ] before being repealed.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3001\u6642\u3092\u8868\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066 when, as, while \u3092\u60f3\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b when \u3092\u5b89\u6613\u306b\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001for a considerable [ 4 ] \u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e a \u3068\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e considerable \u306b\u4fee\u98fe\u3055\u308c\u308b\u540d\u8a5e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002when \u3084 as \u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u7528\u6cd5\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6642\u30fb\u671f\u9593\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u3001\u304b\u3064\u5358\u6570\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c\u671f\u9593\u30fb\u6642\u9593\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3046\u308b\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u8a9e\u306f while\uff08for a considerable while\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u9023\u7acb\u7684\u306b\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8907\u6570\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8ab2\u3059\u4e8c\u91cd\u5236\u7d04\u306e\u9023\u7acb\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\uff12. \u8868\u8a18\u5909\u5316\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u691c\u8a3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b “this \/ This” \u3084 “however \/ However” \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u3068\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u304c\u4f75\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u3068\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u982d\uff08\u30d4\u30ea\u30aa\u30c9\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\uff09\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8868\u8a18\u4e0a\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u66f8\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u5360\u3081\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u7570\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u4fe1\u53f7\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6587\u982d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u3067\u958b\u59cb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u3067\u958b\u59cb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53e5\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u30fb\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u306e\u5236\u7d04\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u901f\u5ea6\u3092\u500d\u52a0\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8868\u8a18\u5909\u5316\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u6587\u982d\uff08\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u8981\u6c42\uff09\u3067\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304c\u6587\u4e2d\uff08\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u8981\u6c42\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08\u6587\u4fee\u98fe\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\uff09\u3068\u3001\u6587\u4e2d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3001\u4fee\u98fe\u8a9e\uff09\u3092\u7167\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f75\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u3001\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u304b\u3064\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u30fb\u5c0f\u6587\u5b57\u306e\u898f\u5247\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u982d\uff09: “[ 1 ] empirical evidence suggests that early childhood intervention alters cognitive trajectories.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u4e2d\uff09: “The researchers were unable to replicate [ 1 ] finding in subsequent trials.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u982d\u3067\u4e0d\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e evidence \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u9650\u5b9a\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u5358\u6570\u53ef\u7b97\u540d\u8a5e finding \u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b\u6307\u793a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2 “this \/ This” \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306b This\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306b this \u3092\u5145\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u4e2d\uff09: “The initial hypothesis was flawed; it did, [ 2 ], provide useful heuristic insights.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u982d\uff09: “[ 2 ] rigorous the testing may be, some margin of error remains.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u4e2d\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8b72\u6b69\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e however \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u982d\u3067\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e rigorous \u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u8b72\u6b69\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u8907\u5408\u95a2\u4fc2\u526f\u8a5e However \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2 “however \/ However” \u304c\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u5145\u8db3\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u982d\uff09: “[ 3 ] of the delegates supported the controversial resolution, but their voices were ignored.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u4e2d\uff09: “The treaty required [ 3 ] consensus among all signatory states.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u982d\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3068\u3057\u3066 Some \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u540d\u8a5e\u3092\u4fee\u98fe\u3059\u308b some \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002”some \/ Some” \u304c\u9069\u683c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u982d\uff09: “[ 4 ] the committee approved the budget, several departments protested.” \/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\uff08\u6587\u4e2d\uff09: “The president will visit the facility [ 4 ] he completes the international summit.” \u2192 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u982d\u3067\u5f93\u5c5e\u7bc0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e After \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306f\u6587\u4e2d\u3067\u6642\u3092\u8868\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e after \u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u3066 Although \u3092\u9078\u3076\u3068\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u300c\u56fd\u969b\u9996\u8133\u4f1a\u8b70\u3092\u5b8c\u4e86\u3059\u308b\u3051\u308c\u3069\u3082\u8a2a\u554f\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e0d\u6574\u5408\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u8868\u8a18\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6642\u9593\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u53cc\u65b9\u306e\u6587\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001”after \/ After” \u304c\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8868\u8a18\u5909\u5316\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13. \u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u6392\u9664\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u7f60\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u4f53\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u3092\u6700\u3082\u82e6\u3057\u3081\u308b\u306e\u304c\u300c\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u6570\u8a9e\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u300d\u5de7\u5999\u306a\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\uff08distractors\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f5c\u554f\u8005\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u9a13\u751f\u304c\u8996\u91ce\u72ed\u7a84\u306b\u9665\u308a\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u8a9e\u611f\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u898b\u8d8a\u3057\u3066\u7f60\u3092\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u6587\u6cd5\u9069\u5408\u6027\u306b\u60d1\u308f\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u8aa4\u7b54\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6d88\u53bb\u624b\u9806\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306f\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u5c40\u6240\u3068\u5927\u57df\u306e\u77db\u76fe\u691c\u51fa\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff11. \u5c40\u6240\u7684\u9069\u5408\u3068\u5927\u57df\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\u6392\u9664\u624b\u9806<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u7b54\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u5b8c\u74a7\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u52d5\u8a5e improve \u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u306f efficiency \u3084 productivity \u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u89aa\u548c\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u4e26\u3076\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u300c\u52b9\u7387\u6027\u306e\u8ffd\u6c42\u304c\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u67d4\u8edf\u6027\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3057\u305f\u304b\u300d\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b efficiency \u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8ad6\u65e8\u3068\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u6587\u8108\u4e0a\u3042\u3048\u3066\u554f\u984c\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b rigidity \u3084 vulnerability \u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306f\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3068\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u9069\u5408\u306e\u307f\u3067\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304f\u59ff\u52e2\u3092\u6392\u3057\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u3092\u7fa9\u52d9\u3065\u3051\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u4f53\u5236\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u9069\u5408\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3001\u76f4\u524d\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e\u8a9e\u53e5\u3068\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u30fb\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7684\u9069\u5408\u6027\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306b\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u4e00\u6b21\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u305d\u306e\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u901a\u8aad\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u8ff0\u8a9e\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u547d\u984c\u306e\u6975\u6027\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\u3001\u6210\u679c\u30fb\u6b20\u9665\uff09\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u4e8c\u6b21\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6587\u304c\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u4e09\u6b21\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u542b\u3080\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The implementation of strict algorithmic surveillance in the workplace resulted in a dramatic increase in short-term task completion, but at the catastrophic cost of severely undermining worker [ ]. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306b\u306f worker \u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u306f productivity, efficiency, autonomy, compensation \u304c\u4e26\u3076\u3002\u76f4\u524d\u306e undermining\uff08\u640d\u306a\u3046\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ca0\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5931\u308f\u308c\u305f\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff08task completion\uff09\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3001\u304b\u3064\u76e3\u8996\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u596a\u308f\u308c\u308b\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u4fa1\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066 autonomy\uff08\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\uff09\u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306b\u99b4\u67d3\u307f\u306e\u3042\u308b productivity \u306f\u524d\u6bb5\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3068\u91cd\u8907\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: Although the author ostensibly champions the democratization of art through digital reproduction, a closer reading reveals that he considers the resulting mass culture to be fundamentally [ ]. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306f to be fundamentally [ ] \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u524d\u534a\u306e democratization \u3092\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u6349\u3048\u3066 innovative \u3084 liberating \u3092\u9078\u3076\u3068\u3001a closer reading reveals\uff08\u7cbe\u8aad\u3059\u308b\u3068\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8ee2\u63db\u3092\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3002\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u771f\u610f\u306f\u901a\u8aac\u306e\u88cf\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u6587\u8108\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3067\u306a\u3044\u8a9e superficial \u307e\u305f\u306f degenerate \u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306b\u5fc3\u5730\u3088\u3044\u8a9e\u306f\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The revolutionary legal precedent was initially celebrated as a triumph for civil liberties, but subsequent judicial interpretations have rendered its practical protections largely [ ]. \u2192 triumph \u3068\u547c\u5fdc\u3059\u308b robust \u3084 meaningful \u306f\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u306e but subsequent… have rendered\uff08\u301c\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5236\u7d04\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u4fdd\u8b77\u304c\u9aa8\u629c\u304d\u306b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5927\u57df\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b illusory \u307e\u305f\u306f negligible \u304c\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: In order to foster genuine intellectual independence among students, the newly appointed dean argued that universities must completely eradicate the culture of [ ]. \u2192 \u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u524d\u306f the culture of [ ] \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b critical thinking, academic freedom, intellectual compliance, scientific research \u304c\u4e26\u3076\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u7406\u5ff5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89aa\u548c\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044 critical thinking \u3084 academic freedom \u306b\u98db\u3073\u3064\u304f\u8aa4\u308a\u304c\u591a\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6587\u982d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u306f\u300c\u771f\u306e\u77e5\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3092\u80b2\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001eradicate \u306f\u300c\u6839\u7d76\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u3044\u6392\u65a5\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3092\u80b2\u3066\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6839\u7d76\u3059\u3079\u304d\u5bfe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5bfe\u6975\u306b\u3042\u308b\u60aa\u5f0a\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u300c\u77e5\u7684\u8ffd\u5f93\u300d\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b intellectual compliance \u304c\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u306a\u80af\u5b9a\u8a9e\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u5927\u57df\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6392\u9664\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u9069\u5408\u306e\u7f60\u3092\u5927\u57df\u7684\u8ad6\u7406\u691c\u8a3c\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u770b\u7834\u3059\u308b\u6392\u9664\u80fd\u529b\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\uff12. \u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u904e\u5270\u30fb\u4e0d\u8db3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7834\u7dbb\u306e\u691c\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3084\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4f5c\u554f\u8005\u306f\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u601d\u3048\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u7d1b\u308c\u8fbc\u307e\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u3092\u4fef\u77b0\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5148\u884c\u6587\u3067 However \u3084 Therefore \u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u3055\u3089\u306b\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u3092\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u304c\u904e\u5270\uff08\u91cd\u8a00\uff09\u306b\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3084\u3001\u9006\u306b\u524d\u63d0\u304b\u3089\u7d50\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u57cb\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u304c\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u6587\u9593\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u914d\u5206\uff08\u8ad6\u62e0\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u3001\u53cd\u8ad6\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u96c6\u7d04\uff09\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u904e\u5270\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0d\u8db3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u3001\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u9aa8\u683c\u5168\u4f53\u304b\u3089\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u8996\u70b9\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u9069\u5426\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u914d\u5206\u304b\u3089\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6587\u306e\u547d\u984c\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u547d\u984c\uff08A \u304a\u3088\u3073 B\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u9806\u63a5\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u3001\u4f8b\u793a\u3001\u63db\u8a00\uff09\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6bb5\u843d\u5185\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u65e2\u306b\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u70b9\u691c\u3057\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\uff08\u4e3b\u5f35\u2192\u6839\u62e0\u2192\u53cd\u8ad6\u2192\u7d50\u8ad6\u7b49\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u306e\u9069\u5408\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u524d\u9032\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u540c\u7fa9\u53cd\u5fa9\u306b\u9665\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: The empirical data did not support the primary hypothesis. [ ], it revealed several unforeseen anomalies that opened up an entirely new avenue of investigation. \u2192 \u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u300c\u3057\u304b\u3057\u300d\u3068\u9006\u63a5\u306b\u3057\u305f\u304f\u306a\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5148\u884c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u652f\u6301\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u6587\u304c\u300c\u305d\u308c\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u9053\u3092\u958b\u3044\u305f\u300d\u3068\u524d\u6587\u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u3092\u8db3\u5834\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3088\u308a\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5358\u306a\u308b However \u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u5426\u5b9a\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u5f37\u8abf\u3059\u308b Instead \u307e\u305f\u306f On the contrary \u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u904e\u4e0d\u8db3\u306a\u304f\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: The government’s fiscal stimulus succeeded in preventing an immediate industrial collapse. [ ], it laid the groundwork for severe inflationary pressures that would plague the economy for the next decade. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u6210\u529f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u6587\u306f\u9577\u671f\u7684\u798d\u6839\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b\u4ed8\u52a0\uff08Furthermore\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6210\u529f\u306e\u4ee3\u511f\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b At the same time \u307e\u305f\u306f Conversely \u304c\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: The theoretical physicist published the groundbreaking paper in 1905. [ ], it took more than two decades for the broader scientific community to fully grasp its revolutionary implications. \u2192 \u524d\u6587\u306e\u767a\u8868\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u6587\u306f\u53d7\u5bb9\u306e\u9045\u308c\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3068\u4e88\u671f\u306e\u88cf\u5207\u308a\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5358\u306a\u308b But \u3088\u308a\u3082 Even so \u307e\u305f\u306f Nevertheless \u304c\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u91cd\u307f\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: Many developing nations have experienced substantial industrial growth over recent years. [ ], the distribution of wealth remains highly unequal across rural and urban populations. \u2192 \u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u4e00\u6587\u306e\u307f\u3092\u898b\u3066 However \u3092\u9078\u3076\u306e\u306f\u4e00\u898b\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u601d\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u5192\u982d\u6587\u3067\u3059\u3067\u306b Although emerging economies have expanded rapidly, structural poverty persists. \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8b72\u6b69\u30fb\u9006\u63a5\u304c\u63d0\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u672c\u554f\u306e\u6587\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3059\u308b\u652f\u6301\u6587\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u518d\u3073\u5927\u6587\u5b57\u306e However \u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u53cd\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u8005\u3092\u6df7\u4e71\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u652f\u6301\u6587\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306b\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e However \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b on the other hand \u3084\u3001\u5f93\u5c5e\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e while \u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u8907\u6587\u7d71\u5408\u304c\u9069\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff08\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u304b\u30df\u30af\u30ed\u304b\uff09\u3092\u898b\u6975\u3081\u308b\u8996\u70b9\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u793a\u3059\u901a\u308a\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u914d\u5206\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u7cbe\u67fb\u624b\u9806\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14. \u521d\u898b\u9577\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u3068\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u51e6\u7406\u306e\u5b8c\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\uff14.\uff11. \u898b\u5207\u308a\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u4fdd\u7559\u5224\u65ad\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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\u3053\u306e\u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8a66\u9a13\u672c\u756a\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u4fdd\u7559\u3068\u898b\u5207\u308a\u306e\u624b\u9806\u304c\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e00\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u30b9\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u8a3a\u65ad\u3068\u5c40\u6240\u30fb\u5927\u57df\u8d70\u67fb\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u300160 \u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u6839\u62e0\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e8c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300160 \u79d2\u3092\u7d4c\u904e\u3057\u3066\u3082\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u4e8c\u3064\u306b\u7d5e\u3089\u308c\u305f\u307e\u307e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6253\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u6700\u3082\u6587\u8108\u306e\u6975\u6027\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5074\u306b\u66ab\u5b9a\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u4ed8\u3057\u3001\u554f\u984c\u518a\u5b50\u306e\u4f59\u767d\u306b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4fdd\u7559\u8a18\u53f7\uff08\u25b3\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3059\u308b\u3002\u624b\u9806\u4e09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u5207\u306e\u672a\u7df4\u3092\u65ad\u3061\u5207\u3063\u3066\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u3092\u518d\u958b\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6bb5\u843d\u3092\u8aad\u3080\u4e2d\u3067\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u53cd\u8a3c\u307e\u305f\u306f\u88cf\u4ed8\u3051\u304c\u5076\u7136\u76ee\u306b\u5165\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u3001\u5f8c\u304b\u3089 10 \u79d2\u3067\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4e09\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u6642\u9593\u914d\u5206\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u304c\u9632\u304c\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff11: \u5c02\u9580\u7684\u306a\u6cd5\u54f2\u5b66\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u7684\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u8ff7\u3044\u304c\u751f\u3058\u305f\u5834\u5408\u300160 \u79d2\u3067\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u6975\u6027\uff08\u80af\u5b9a\u30fb\u5426\u5b9a\uff09\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u5074\u306b\u66ab\u5b9a\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u4ed8\u3057\u3001\u76f4\u3061\u306b\u6b21\u6587\u3078\u9032\u3080\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6bb5\u843d\u3067\u305d\u306e\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u9061\u3063\u3066\u6b63\u89e3\u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff12: \u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u306e\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u306e\u8a18\u61b6\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u306a\u5834\u5408\u300190 \u79d2\u3092\u4e0a\u9650\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6700\u3082\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u601d\u3048\u308b\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u3092\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3057\u3001\u601d\u8003\u3092\u6253\u3061\u5207\u308b\u3002\u77e5\u8b58\u554f\u984c\u3067\u8003\u3048\u8fbc\u3080\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6642\u9593\u6d6a\u8cbb\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u4f55\u7269\u3067\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff13: \u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u9806\u63a5\u304b\u9006\u63a5\u304b\u3067\u6587\u8108\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u4e8c\u5206\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u307e\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u9032\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u5224\u660e\u3057\u305f\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u4e0b\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\uff14: \u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u306e\u7b2c 3 \u554f\u3067\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u906d\u9047\u3057\u3001\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u6587\u3092 4 \u56de\u3082 5 \u56de\u3082\u5f80\u5fa9\u3057\u3066 7 \u5206\u3092\u6d88\u8cbb\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u7b2c 4 \u554f\u4ee5\u964d\u3092\u8d70\u308a\u8aad\u307f\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u89e3\u3051\u308b\u306f\u305a\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u554f\u984c\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7834\u7dbb\u306f\u3001\u898b\u5207\u308a\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u6642\u9593\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u6570\u5024\u3067\u8a2d\u5b9a\u305b\u305a\u3001\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u300c\u3082\u3046\u5c11\u3057\u3067\u5206\u304b\u308a\u305d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u611f\u899a\u306b\u8eab\u3092\u59d4\u306d\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3069\u3093\u306a\u96e3\u554f\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u914d\u70b9\u306f\u4e00\u5f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300290 \u79d2\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30de\u30fc\u3092\u982d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4f5c\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u3001\u4e0a\u9650\u306b\u9054\u3057\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u66ab\u5b9a\u89e3\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u5f37\u5236\u96e2\u8131\u3059\u308b\u898f\u5f8b\u3092\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u6642\u9593\u8cc7\u6e90\u3092\u9632\u885b\u3057\u8a66\u9a13\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u5236\u3059\u308b\u898b\u5207\u308a\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff14.\uff12. \u8aad\u89e3\u901f\u5ea6\u3068\u691c\u8a3c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5747\u8861\u70b9\u306e\u78ba\u7acb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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\u4f8b\uff11: \u7b2c 1 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u300c\u751f\u6210 AI \u306b\u3088\u308b\u8457\u4f5c\u6a29\u4fb5\u5bb3\u8a34\u8a1f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e3b\u984c\u3068\u300cAI \u958b\u767a\u4f01\u696d vs \u5275\u4f5c\u8005\u300d\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u6bb5\u843d\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3053\u306e\u8ef8\u3078\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u3001\u5927\u554f\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u76ee\u6a19\u6642\u9593\u5185\u3067\u5b8c\u7b54\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u7b2c\u4e09\u306b\u3001\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u8a3c\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4e3b\u8ef8\u3092\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306b\u8981\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u300c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u30fb\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u88dc\u5145\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5927\u57df\u7684\u306a\u8ad6\u65e8\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u691c\u8a3c\u529b\u304c\u554f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5dee\u304c\u3064\u304f\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5408\u5426\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u5468\u8fba\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u307f\u3067\u5373\u65ad\u305b\u305a\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5236\u7d04\uff08\u6975\u6027\u3001\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u3001\u9805\u69cb\u9020\uff09\u3092\u8a00\u8a9e\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u8005\u306f\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u7a7a\u6240\u306b\u9806\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u611f\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4f5c\u554f\u8005\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3057\u305f\u5c40\u6240\u7684\u9069\u5408\u306e\u7f60\u306b\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u6355\u7e1b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u6307\u793a\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u975e\u5236\u9650\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u300c\u547d\u984c\u53d7\u5bb9\u300d\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u3001\u524d\u6bb5\u843d\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u65e8\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6349\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3092\u76f4\u524d\u306e\u540d\u8a5e\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u8aad\u89e3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6587\u9593\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u6975\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3092\u9078\u3093\u3067\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u5206\u5c90\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u5236\u9650\u6642\u9593 20 \u5206\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u9593\u5727\u8feb\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u300190 \u79d2\u306e\u898b\u5207\u308a\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3092\u51b7\u5fb9\u306b\u9075\u5b88\u3057\u3001\u89e3\u3051\u308b\u554f\u984c\u304b\u3089\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u5f97\u70b9\u3092\u7a4d\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u308b\u8a66\u9a13\u904b\u7528\u529b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u96e3\u554f\u306b\u56fa\u57f7\u3057\u3066\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u82f1\u4f5c\u6587\u3092\u7834\u7dbb\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8d70\u67fb\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u5fe0\u5b9f\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u898f\u5f8b\u304c\u52dd\u6557\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6f14\u7fd2\u554f\u984c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u554f\u984c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u8a66\u9a13\u6642\u9593\uff1a20\u5206 \/ \u6e80\u70b9\uff1a100\u70b9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b21\u306e\u82f1\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u3001\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contemporary jurisprudence has long grappled with the complex tension between strict statutory interpretation and judicial discretion. Proponents of formalist doctrines maintain that judges must strictly adhere to the literal text of the law, arguing that any deviation compromises the constitutional principle of the separation of powers. By confining judicial authority to the mechanical application of promulgated rules, formalists argue, the legal system guarantees predictability and protects citizens from arbitrary governmental coercion. [ 1 ], legal realists have convincingly demonstrated that statutory language is inevitably plagued by semantic indeterminacy, meaning that texts alone cannot provide unambiguous answers to novel controversies arising from technological and social change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When judicial authorities confront unprecedented disputes involving emerging technologies, the limitations of rigid textualism become painfully apparent. In a landmark case concerning digital privacy, the constitutional court was asked to determine whether the state’s clandestine interception of encrypted communications violated the protection against unreasonable searches. The statutory framework, drafted in the mid-twentieth century, explicitly referenced only physical dwellings and tangible documents. A strictly literal interpretation would have compelled the court to conclude that intangible electronic transmissions lay outside constitutional protections, [ 2 ] the state to conduct pervasive surveillance without prior judicial authorization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recognizing this perilous constitutional vulnerability, the majority opinion declined to interpret the text through such an archaic lens. Instead, the court held that constitutional protections must adapt to technological evolution, asserting that the fundamental purpose of the provision was to safeguard personal privacy rather than physical property. This landmark decision was hailed by civil liberties advocates as an essential triumph for digital human rights. [ 3 ] is precisely this dynamic adaptability, however, that continues to provoke fierce criticism from conservative legal theorists, who argue that unconstrained judicial interpretation transforms unelected judges into de facto legislators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fundamental debate, therefore, is not whether statutory interpretation requires discretion, but how that discretion can be institutionally constrained without rendering the law obsolete. In the final analysis, preserving the rule of law in an era of rapid technological disruption depends not on eliminating judicial discretion altogether, but on [ 4 ] it through transparent, reasoned justification and rigorous evidentiary standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u8a2d\u554f]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u554f\uff11. \u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 1 \uff3d\u306b\u5165\u308b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e\uff08A\uff09\u301c\uff08D\uff09\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) Consequently<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) However<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) In addition<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) Similarly<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u554f\uff12. \u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 2 \uff3d\u306b\u5165\u308b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e\uff08A\uff09\u301c\uff08D\uff09\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) effectively permitting<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) strictly prohibiting<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) having prevented<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) tentatively suspended<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u554f\uff13. \u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 3 \uff3d\u306b\u5165\u308b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e\uff08A\uff09\u301c\uff08D\uff09\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) That<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) What<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) It<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) Which<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u554f\uff14. \u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 4 \uff3d\u306b\u5165\u308b\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e\uff08A\uff09\u301c\uff08D\uff09\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u3064\u9078\u3079\u3002\uff0825\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) abolishing<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) anchoring<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) concealing<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) expanding<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\uff11\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u7b2c 1 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e8c\u5927\u5bfe\u7acb\u5b66\u6d3e\uff08\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3068\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff09\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u6a19\u6e96<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a4\u5206\uff08\u5185\u8a33\uff1a\u6bb5\u843d\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5206\u67902\u5206\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u691c\u8a3c2\u5206\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u7b2c 1 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u524d\u534a\u3067\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u7acb\u5834\uff08\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u6587\u8a00\u89e3\u91c8\uff09\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 1 \uff3d\u3092\u631f\u3093\u3067\u5f8c\u534a\u3067\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u6279\u5224\uff08\u6587\u8a00\u306e\u66d6\u6627\u6027\u3068\u9650\u754c\uff09\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 1 \uff3d\u306f\u6587\u982d\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u3092\u4f34\u3063\u3066\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u3092\u5c0e\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6587\u306f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u9577\u6240\uff08\u4e88\u898b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u4fdd\u8a3c\uff09\u3067\u7de0\u3081\u304f\u304f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5f8c\u6587\u306f\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u304c\u305d\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3057\u305f\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6587\u8a00\u306f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u66d6\u6627\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff11\uff08\u6975\u6027\uff09\uff1a\u524d\u6587\u306f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u80af\u5b9a\uff08guarantees predictability\uff09\u3001\u5f8c\u6587\u306f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u6279\u5224\uff08inevitably plagued by semantic indeterminacy\uff09\u3002\u5bfe\u7acb\u30fb\u9006\u63a5\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff12\uff08\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u541f\u5473\uff09\uff1a(A) Consequently\uff08\u9806\u63a5\u30fb\u5e30\u7d50\uff09\u3001(C) In addition\uff08\u8ffd\u52a0\u30fb\u4e26\u5217\uff09\u3001(D) Similarly\uff08\u985e\u4f3c\u30fb\u4e26\u5217\uff09\u306f\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u3092\u6a19\u793a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8131\u843d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u6587\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306f\u4e88\u898b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u300d\u2192 \u5f8c\u6587\u300c\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u306f\u6587\u8a00\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u66d6\u6627\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u305f\u300d\u2192 \u5b66\u6d3e\u9593\u306e\u92ed\u3044\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u793a\u3059\u9006\u63a5\u6a19\u8b58 However \u304c\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u3092\u793a\u3059\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u53e5\u3068\u3057\u3066 However \u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08formalists\uff09\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3068\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08legal realists\uff09\u306e\u6279\u5224\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u89e3\u91c8\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u7acb\u8ef8\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u524d\u6587\u304c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u8ad6\u7406\u3067\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u6587\u306f\u305d\u306e\u9650\u754c\u3092\u66b4\u304f\u53cd\u8ad6\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e However \u304c\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) Consequently \u306f\u524d\u6587\u304b\u3089\u306e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u9577\u6240\u304b\u3089\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u6279\u5224\u306f\u5e30\u7d50\u3057\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) In addition \u306f\u540c\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u8ad6\u70b9\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u6d3e\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e26\u5217\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u69cb\u56f3\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) Similarly \u306f\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3092\u5c0e\u304f\u6a19\u8b58\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3068\u6cd5\u5b9f\u8a3c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u985e\u4f3c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306f\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5148\u884c\u5b66\u8aac\u3084\u901a\u8aac\u304c\u7b2c 1 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u524d\u534a\u3067\u7d39\u4ecb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5b66\u8aac\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5c55\u958b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8 2025\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c4\u554f\u30012024\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c5\u554f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u3092\u8ef8\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u6975\u304b\u3089\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u6975\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u5bfe\u7acb\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u660e\u793a\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u9053\u6a19\u3068\u3057\u3066\u547d\u984c\u306e\u5e30\u5c5e\uff08\u8ab0\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u304b\uff09\u3092\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5883\u754c\u6a19\u8b58\u306e\u8aa4\u8a8d\u306f\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u4e89\u69cb\u56f3\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u3092\u5d29\u58ca\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u306e\u624b\u9806\u5c0e\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u4ea4\u4ee3\uff08formalists \u2192 legal realists\uff09\u3092\u691c\u77e5\u3057\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u3001\u8aad\u8005\u306f\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u610f\u5473\u7684\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u8005\u304c\u5bfe\u7acb\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u6a19\u8b58\u306b\u306f\u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u8981\u8acb\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u539f\u7406\u306e\u9650\u754c\u30fb\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u660e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u4ea4\u4ee3\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u304c\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u4e3b\u4f53\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u88dc\u5f37\u30fb\u652f\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6587\u8108\uff08\u4f8b: formalists argue… Similarly, conservative judges contend…\uff09\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u9006\u63a5\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u985e\u4f3c\uff08Similarly\uff09\u304c\u6b63\u89e3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u5bfe\u7acb\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u7cbe\u67fb\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u4ed6\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M15]\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e\u5206\u985e\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073[\u57fa\u790e M20]\u3067\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u5bfe\u6bd4\u578b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M15]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u9006\u63a5\u30fb\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3092\u6a19\u793a\u3059\u308b\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u306e\u5224\u5225\u624b\u9806<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u5bfe\u6bd4\u578b\u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u69cb\u6210\u306e\u8b58\u5225<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\uff12\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u7b2c 2 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u7bc0\u306b\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u9023\u7d9a\u4ed8\u5e2f\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u89e3\u8aad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u96e3\u95a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a5\u5206\uff08\u5185\u8a33\uff1a\u69cb\u6587\u5206\u67902\u5206\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u691c\u8a3c3\u5206\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u7b2c 2 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u5f8c\u534a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u6587\u8a00\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9f\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\uff08\u4eee\u60f3\u306e\u5224\u6c7a\uff09\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u3001\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u3092\u631f\u3093\u3067\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 2 \uff3d\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306f A strictly literal interpretation would have compelled the court to conclude that… \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u904e\u53bb\u5b8c\u4e86\u306e\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002that \u7bc0\u5185\u90e8\u306f intangible electronic transmissions lay outside constitutional protections\uff08\u7121\u7dda\u306e\u96fb\u5b50\u901a\u4fe1\u306f\u61b2\u6cd5\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u5e30\u7d50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 2 \uff3d\u306f\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e the state \u3068\u88dc\u90e8 to conduct pervasive surveillance \u3092\u5f93\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff11\uff08\u7d71\u8a9e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\uff1a\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b the state to conduct… \u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\uff0bto \u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e\u300d\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u3092\u8a8d\u53ef\u3057\u3046\u308b\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5206\u8a5e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff12\uff08\u610f\u5473\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\uff09\uff1a\u96fb\u5b50\u901a\u4fe1\u304c\u4fdd\u8b77\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u304c\u4ee4\u72b6\u306a\u3057\u306b\u76e3\u8996\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u300c\u8a31\u53ef\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u306e\u304b\u300c\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u306e\u304b\u3002\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u7db2\u304b\u3089\u5916\u308c\u308b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u306f\u76e3\u8996\u3092\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u884c\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) effectively permitting\uff08\u4e8b\u5b9f\u4e0a\u8a31\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u69cb\u6587\u7684\u306b\u3082\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u3082\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) strictly prohibiting\uff08\u53b3\u683c\u306b\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u4fdd\u8b77\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u3067\u3042\u308a\u8ad6\u7406\u7834\u7dbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) having prevented\uff08\u59a8\u3052\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u5206\u8a5e\u306f\u5148\u884c\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304c\u3001\u76e3\u8996\u306e\u963b\u6b62\u306f\u88c1\u5224\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u6642\u9593\u7684\u306b\u5148\u884c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) tentatively suspended\uff08\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u505c\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f\uff09\u2192 \u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001the state \u304c\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b8b\u7559\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eee\u5b9a\u6cd5\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5e30\u7d50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u3001\u80fd\u52d5\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u4ed8\u5e2f\u72b6\u6cc1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b (A) \u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff08\u901a\u4fe1\u306f\u4fdd\u8b77\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u61b2\u6cd5\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u304c\u53ca\u3070\u306a\u3044\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u56fd\u5bb6\u6a29\u529b\u306e\u76e3\u8996\u6d3b\u52d5\u304c\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u306e\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5224\u65ad\u306f\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9f\u4e0a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u304c\u4ee4\u72b6\u306a\u3057\u306b\u76e3\u8996\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u56e0\u679c\u9023\u9396\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002effectively permitting \u306f\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u7684\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) strictly prohibiting \u306f\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3068\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76e3\u8996\u304c\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u751f\u3058\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) having prevented \u306f\u5b8c\u4e86\u5f62\u5206\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u3088\u308a\u3082\u524d\u306b\u963b\u6b62\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6642\u9593\u7684\u524d\u5f8c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) tentatively suspended \u306f\u904e\u53bb\u5206\u8a5e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u540d\u8a5e the state \u3068\u4e0d\u5b9a\u8a5e to conduct \u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e suspend \u306e\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306e\u683c\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u7834\u7dbb\u3092\u304d\u305f\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e3b\u7bc0\u3067\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u30fb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u304c\u4e0b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u30ab\u30f3\u30de\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e\u53e5\u304c\u305d\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u304c\u793e\u4f1a\u306b\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u8ad6\u8ff0\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8 2026\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c2\u554f\uff08\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\uff09\u30012024\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c5\u554f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u672b\u306b\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u73fe\u5728\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3068\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u3059\u308b\u69d8\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u304b\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u4e8b\u8c61\u304b\u3089\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3002\u7279\u306b\u6cd5\u5b66\u3084\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u306e\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u6587\u672b\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u88dc\u8db3\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u6210\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u306e\u624b\u9806\u5c0e\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u7bc0\u306e\u547d\u984c\uff08\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u6392\u9664\uff09\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6392\u9664\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5e30\u7d50\u3092\u6f14\u7e79\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\uff0bO\uff0bto do \u306e\u5f62\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u78ba\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u539f\u7406\u306e\u9650\u754c\u30fb\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u660e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u672b\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4e3b\u7bc0\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e3b\u4f53\u304c\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u884c\u3046\u5834\u5408\uff08\u61f8\u5782\u5206\u8a5e\u306e\u8a31\u5bb9\u4e8b\u4f8b\uff09\u3084\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u660e\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306e\u540c\u5b9a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u4ed6\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M11]\u306e\u975e\u5b9a\u5f62\u88dc\u6587\u69cb\u9020\uff08permit O to do\uff09\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073[\u57fa\u790e M12]\u306e\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u7528\u6cd5\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 SVO to do \u578b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u88dc\u90e8\u69cb\u9020<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M12]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u6587\u672b\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\u304c\u62c5\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u30fb\u4e8b\u8c61\u7d99\u8d77\u306e\u89e3\u8aad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\uff13\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u7b2c 3 \u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u7b2c 3 \u6587\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b It is … that \u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\uff08\u5206\u88c2\u6587\uff09\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u7684\u540c\u5b9a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u96e3\u95a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a4\u5206\uff08\u5185\u8a33\uff1a\u6587\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u8d70\u67fb2\u5206\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u5b9f\u884c2\u5206\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u306e\u9032\u6b69\u7684\u5224\u6c7a\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5e02\u6c11\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u652f\u6301\u304c\u8ff0\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305f\u76f4\u5f8c\u3001\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 3 \uff3d\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u6587\u3067\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u6cd5\u5b66\u8005\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6fc0\u3057\u3044\u6279\u5224\u304c\u5bfe\u6bd4\u7684\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u306e\u8868\u5c64\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001”[ 3 ] is precisely this dynamic adaptability, however, that continues to provoke fierce criticism from conservative legal theorists, who argue that…” \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 3 \uff3d\u306b\u7d9a\u3044\u3066 be \u52d5\u8a5e is\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 precisely this dynamic adaptability\u3001\u633f\u5165\u8a9e however\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u95a2\u4fc2\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u306e that \u304c\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff11\uff08\u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u6d88\u53bb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u304b\u3089 [ 3 ] is \u3068 that \u3092\u6d88\u53bb\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002\u6b8b\u4f59\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u9023\u7d50\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001”Precisely this dynamic adaptability, however, continues to provoke fierce criticism from conservative legal theorists.” \u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u7b2c 3 \u6587\u578b\u306e\u6587\u304c\u5bf8\u5206\u306e\u72c2\u3044\u3082\u306a\u304f\u5fa9\u5143\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff12\uff08\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u541f\u5473\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) That is precisely… \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e that \u7bc0\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u304c\u4e0d\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff08That is A that S V \u3068\u3044\u3046\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) What is precisely… \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001What \u7bc0\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308a is \u304c\u8ff0\u8a9e\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3060\u304c\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) It is … that … \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 this dynamic adaptability \u3092\u7126\u70b9\u3068\u3059\u308b\u6b63\u7d71\u306a\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) Which is… \u306f\u7591\u554f\u6587\u307e\u305f\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6587\u982d\u306b\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u751f\u8d77\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u30fb\u6a19\u8b58\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e It \u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u672c\u554f\u306f It is … that \u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\uff08\u5206\u88c2\u6587\uff09\u306e\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u88ab\u5f37\u8abf\u8a9e\uff08\u7126\u70b9\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5 precisely this dynamic adaptability \u304c\u631f\u307e\u308c\u3001\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e that \u7bc0\u5185\u3067\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e continues to provoke \u306e\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304c\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u305f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6587\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002It is \u3068 that \u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u304f\u3068\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5e73\u53d9\u6587\u304c\u6210\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u306e\u6d88\u53bb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) That is precisely this dynamic adaptability… \u3067\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u8a5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u8a5e\u306e that \u7bc0\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u306b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u3051\u308b\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) What \u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u3068\u7591\u4f3c\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u304c\u60f3\u8d77\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001What is precisely… that… \u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u91cd\u306e\u5f93\u5c5e\u6a19\u8b58\u3092\u6301\u3064\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u7d71\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u975e\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) Which \u306f\u5148\u884c\u8a5e\u3092\u6b20\u3044\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u5e73\u53d9\u6587\u306e\u6587\u982d\u306b\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u6587\u982d\u306b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u7a7a\u6240\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b be \u52d5\u8a5e\uff0b\u540d\u8a5e\u53e5\uff0bthat\uff0b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u6587\u304c\u7d9a\u304f\u69cb\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8 2026\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c1\u554f\u30012024\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c2\u554f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\uff08It-cleft\uff09\u306f\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u70b9\u3084\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u6700\u3082\u8aad\u8005\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3044\u7126\u70b9\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u6587\u982d\u4ed8\u8fd1\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u629c\u3044\u3066\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u5236\u5fa1\u88c5\u7f6e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ad6\u4e89\u306e\u6838\u5fc3\u3092\u969b\u7acb\u305f\u305b\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u597d\u3093\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u306e\u624b\u9806\u5c0e\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is \u3068 that \u3092\u6307\u3067\u96a0\u3057\u3001\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u307f\u3067\u81ea\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u6587\u304c\u518d\u69cb\u6210\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\uff08\u6d88\u53bb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\uff09\u3002\u7126\u70b9\u304c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 that \u7bc0\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3092\u6b20\u304d\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u6b20\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u539f\u7406\u306e\u9650\u754c\u30fb\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u660e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is \u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u5f62\u5bb9\u8a5e\u304c\u7f6e\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff08It is essential that…\uff09\u3084\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u540d\u8a5e\u306e\u540c\u683c\u7bc0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff08It is a fact that…\uff09\u306f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u69cb\u6587\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6d88\u53bb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306f\u6210\u7acb\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u4ed6\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M17]\u306e\u5f37\u8abf\u69cb\u6587\u30fb\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u306e\u7d71\u8a9e\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073[\u57fa\u790e M18]\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u7126\u70b9\u5316\uff09\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M17]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u5206\u88c2\u6587\uff08It is … that\uff09\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u62bd\u51fa\u539f\u7406\u3068\u6d88\u53bb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u306e\u8a9e\u7528\u8ad6\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\uff14\u554f \u89e3\u7b54\u30fb\u89e3\u8aac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u6226\u7565\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51fa\u984c\u610f\u56f3\uff1a\u6700\u7d42\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u6587\uff08not on A, but on B\uff09\u3068\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u89e3\u8aad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\uff1a\u767a\u5c55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u6a19\u89e3\u7b54\u6642\u9593\uff1a5\u5206\uff08\u5185\u8a33\uff1a\u6587\u7ae0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8ad6\u65e8\u628a\u63e12\u5206\u3001\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\u7684\u7167\u54083\u5206\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u72b6\u6cc1\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff1a\u6700\u7d42\u30d1\u30e9\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7b46\u8005\u304c\u8ad6\u6587\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u7dcf\u62ec\u3057\u3001\u300c\u6cd5\u306e\u652f\u914d\u3092\u7dad\u6301\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u300d\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff11\uff1a\u521d\u52d5\u5224\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u69cb\u6587\u306f “depends not on eliminating judicial discretion altogether, but on [ 4 ] it through transparent, reasoned justification and rigorous evidentiary standards.” \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002not on A but on B\uff08A \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f B \u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff12\uff1a\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u6368\u9078\u629e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff11\uff08\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u8ef8\uff09\uff1aA \u306e\u5074\u306f eliminating judicial discretion altogether\uff08\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 B \u306e\u5074\u3067\u3042\u308b\u7a7a\u6240\uff3b 4 \uff3d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u305f\u307e\u307e\u305d\u308c\u3092\u300c\u9069\u5207\u306b\u898f\u5f8b\u30fb\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u300d\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u691c\u8a3c\u8ef8\uff12\uff08\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u306e\u9069\u5408\u6027\uff09\uff1a\u7a7a\u6240\u306e\u76f4\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u4ee3\u540d\u8a5e it \u306f judicial discretion\uff08\u53f8\u6cd5\u88c1\u91cf\uff09\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5 through transparent, reasoned justification and rigorous evidentiary standards\uff08\u900f\u660e\u3067\u7406\u6027\u7684\u306a\u7406\u7531\u4ed8\u3051\u3068\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\uff09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5224\u65ad\u624b\u9806\u30ed\u30b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) abolishing\uff08\u5ec3\u6b62\u3059\u308b\uff09\u2192 eliminating \u3068\u540c\u7fa9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001not A but B \u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u304c\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B) anchoring\uff08\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u30fb\u3064\u306a\u304e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u30fb\u57fa\u790e\u3065\u3051\u308b\uff09\u2192 \u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u300c\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3068\u898f\u5f8b\u3057\u57fa\u790e\u3065\u3051\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u8981\u8acb\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) concealing\uff08\u96a0\u853d\u3059\u308b\uff09\u2192 \u900f\u660e\u306a\u7406\u7531\u4ed8\u3051\u3068\u3044\u3046\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u771f\u3063\u5411\u304b\u3089\u885d\u7a81\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) expanding\uff08\u62e1\u5927\u3059\u308b\uff09\u2192 \u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u304b\u3089\u306e\u6279\u5224\uff08\u88c1\u91cf\u306e\u80a5\u5927\u5316\uff09\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3001\u7121\u5236\u9650\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u8ad6\u7406\u7834\u7dbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\uff13\uff1a\u89e3\u7b54\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u624b\u6bb5\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b (B) \u3092\u78ba\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u89e3\u7b54\u306e\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u89e3\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u30bc\u30ed\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u6cd5\u3092\u9673\u8150\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u306f\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08eliminating\uff09\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u900f\u660e\u306a\u7406\u7531\u4ed8\u3051\u3068\u8a3c\u62e0\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u88c1\u91cf\u3092\u300c\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u3068\u3064\u306a\u304e\u3068\u3081\u3001\u898f\u5f8b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08anchoring\uff09\u300d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u8a3c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002anchor \u306f\u8239\u3092\u9328\u3067\u56fa\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u52dd\u624b\u306b\u52d5\u63fa\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u78ba\u56fa\u305f\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u7e1b\u308a\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u5b89\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u306b\u5408\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u7b54\u306e\u8ad6\u62e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(A) abolishing \u306f\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b eliminating \u306e\u540c\u7fa9\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001not A but B \u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(C) concealing \u306f\u3001\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e transparent\uff08\u900f\u660e\u306a\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u624b\u6bb5\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u77db\u76fe\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(D) expanding \u306f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u88c1\u91cf\u306e\u7121\u5236\u7d04\u306a\u884c\u4f7f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u61f8\u5ff5\u3092\u89e3\u6c7a\u3059\u308b\u3069\u3053\u308d\u304b\u52a9\u9577\u3059\u308b\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u524d\u6587\u306e how that discretion can be institutionally constrained\uff08\u88c1\u91cf\u304c\u3044\u304b\u306b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u306b\u5236\u7d04\u3055\u308c\u3046\u308b\u304b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u8d77\u3068\u80cc\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3053\u306e\u89e3\u6cd5\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u8ad6\u8aac\u6587\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u843d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\uff08\u5168\u9762\u6392\u9664 vs \u7121\u5236\u9650\u5bb9\u8a8d\uff09\u3092\u5426\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u5eb8\u306a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u3092\u63d0\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6\u306e\u8aad\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u985e\u984c\uff1a\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8 2026\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c1\u554f\uff08\u8981\u65e8\u628a\u63e1\uff09\u30012025\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7b2c2\u554f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u539f\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u306e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u6cd5\u5b66\u30fb\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u8a55\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u4e8c\u8005\u629e\u4e00\u3092\u9000\u3051\u3001\u300c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u904b\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d71\u5236\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7b2c\u4e09\u306e\u8abf\u548c\u7684\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3078\u3068\u7740\u5730\u3059\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u6210\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u6392\u9664\u3067\u3082\u653e\u4efb\u3067\u3082\u306a\u304f\u3001\u898f\u5f8b\u30fb\u56fa\u5b9a\u30fb\u8abf\u548c\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u8a9e\u5f59\u306b\u53ce\u675f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) \u539f\u7406\u304b\u3089\u306e\u624b\u9806\u5c0e\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

not A but B \u306e\u5426\u5b9a\u5074 A \u306e\u610f\u5473\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\uff08\u6392\u9664\u30fb\u6d88\u53bb\uff09\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u53cd\u5bfe\u6975\u3068\u3057\u3066 B \u306b\u8981\u6c42\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u53d7\u5bb9\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u306e\u9069\u6b63\u306a\u7d71\u5236\uff09\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u624b\u6bb5\u306e\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u306e\u8a9e\u5f59\uff08transparent, reasoned\uff09\u3068\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306b\u89aa\u548c\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304b\u3089\u7279\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) \u539f\u7406\u306e\u9650\u754c\u30fb\u4f8b\u5916\u306e\u660e\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A \u3068 B \u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u53cd\u610f\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff08\u4f8b: not on technical ability, but on moral integrity\uff09\u306f\u3001\u53cd\u5bfe\u8a9e\u306e\u63a2\u7d22\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u6982\u5ff5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30fc\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u3068\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) \u4ed6\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u539f\u7406\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M15]\u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u30fb\u9078\u629e\u69cb\u6587\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u69cb\u9020\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073[\u57fa\u790e M20]\u306e\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u6b62\u63da\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u3068\u9023\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u53c2\u7167\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M15]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 not A but B \u69cb\u6587\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u5bfe\u6bd4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bfe\u7acb\u898b\u89e3\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u3068\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b66\u7fd2\u8a55\u4fa1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6\u69cb\u6210<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u96e3\u6613\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\u914d\u70b9<\/strong><\/td>\u5927\u554f<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
\u6a19\u6e96<\/td>25\u70b9<\/td>\u7b2c\uff11\u554f<\/td><\/tr>
\u767a\u5c55<\/td>25\u70b9<\/td>\u7b2c\uff14\u554f<\/td><\/tr>
\u96e3\u95a2<\/td>50\u70b9<\/td>\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\u3001\u7b2c\uff13\u554f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u6d3b\u7528<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u5f97\u70b9<\/strong><\/td>\u5224\u5b9a<\/strong><\/td>\u63a8\u5968\u30a2\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
85\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/td>A<\/td>\u904e\u53bb\u554f\u6f14\u7fd2\u3078\u79fb\u884c<\/td><\/tr>
70-84\u70b9<\/td>B<\/td>\u7b2c\uff12\u554f\u30fb\u7b2c\uff13\u554f\u306e\u69cb\u6587\u89e3\u6790\u624b\u9806\uff08\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u3068\u5206\u8a5e\u69cb\u6587\uff09\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3001\u985e\u984c\u6f14\u7fd2\u3067\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u5b89\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u308b<\/td><\/tr>
55-69\u70b9<\/td>C<\/td>\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u30fb\u7b2c\uff14\u554f\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u95a2\u4fc2\uff08\u9006\u63a5\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u69cb\u6587\uff09\u306e\u628a\u63e1\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u8fd4\u308a\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u8a5e\u53e5\u30fb\u63a5\u7d9a\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u8ad6\u7406\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u5fa9\u7fd2<\/td><\/tr>
55\u70b9\u672a\u6e80<\/td>D<\/td>\u8a72\u5f53\u8b1b\u7fa9\uff08\u8003\u7a76\u5c64\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7cbe\u9ac4\u5c64\u306e\u5404\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u3092\u5fa9\u7fd2\u5f8c\u306b\u518d\u6311\u6226<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u6587\u9593\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u6027\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u914d\u7f6e\u539f\u7406\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\uff11\u554f\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u526f\u8a5e\u5224\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b2c\uff13\u554f\u306e\u5206\u88c2\u6587\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7126\u70b9\u5316\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6587\u5883\u754c\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u6e21\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u6a5f\u5e8f\u3092\u518d\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u57fa\u790e M20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2514 \u8ad6\u7406\u5c55\u958b\u306e\u985e\u578b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u63d0\u793a\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u90e8\u3067\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7b2c\uff14\u554f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b not A but B \u306e\u5bfe\u6bd4\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u7b46\u8005\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u4e3b\u5f35\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u601d\u8003\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Web \u30b5\u30a4\u30c8\u629c\u7c8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u9577\u6587\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u653b\u7565\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u304b\u3089\u7167\u5fdc\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3001\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u306e\u898b\u5207\u308a\u5224\u65ad\u307e\u3067\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u3001\u521d\u898b\u306e\u96e3\u554f\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3067\u89e3\u304d\u307b\u3050\u3059\u5b9f\u8df5\u529b\u3092\u990a\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u65e9\u7a32\u7530\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u9577\u6587\u7a7a\u6240\u88dc\u5145\u3092\u5b8c\u5168\u653b\u7565\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u304b\u3089\u7167\u5fdc\u9023\u9396\u306e\u8ffd\u8de1\u3001\u4e8c\u9805\u5bfe\u7acb\u306e\u5fa9\u5143\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5236\u7d04\u4e0b\u306e\u898b\u5207\u308a\u5224\u65ad\u307e\u3067\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3057\u3001\u521d\u898b\u306e\u96e3\u554f\u3092\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u3067\u89e3\u304d\u307b\u3050\u3059\u5b9f\u8df5\u529b\u3092\u990a\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11,28,636],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-waseda","category-wlaw","category-wlaw-english"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t